Design like a pro with shadow lines - 3D design for 3D printing

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  • Опубликовано: 20 ноя 2024

Комментарии • 316

  • @Distanc3
    @Distanc3 Год назад +312

    This is exactly the type of content that I subscribe for.

    • @provehitocobalt
      @provehitocobalt Год назад +1

      KONO POWA

    • @noatreiman
      @noatreiman Год назад +2

      same

    • @tsstn
      @tsstn Год назад +3

      Michael, thank you for all the great content. You are a fantastic teacher. I have wanted to tackle so many projects over the years but did not know how to find what I needed to learn. I have overcome many hurdles like that one simply watching your videos. I have learned a substantial amount from you sir. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.

    • @dudule1232
      @dudule1232 Год назад +2

      can't agree more.

    • @DSIVXX
      @DSIVXX Год назад +1

      And he likes racing😁

  • @AdityaMehendale
    @AdityaMehendale Год назад +255

    There is a fifth advantage too - if you wish to bond the parts together - e.g. with an MS-polymer, the shadow-gap creates a uniform thickness for the sealant, thereby giving a strong and consistent bond.
    Great tutorial! Cheers :)

    • @BABALOOEY46
      @BABALOOEY46 Год назад +2

      Was just thinking it would be good for bondo… are shaddow lines good for plane wings?

    • @AndrewAHayes
      @AndrewAHayes Год назад +2

      @@BABALOOEY46 I would have thought mitred edges would be better, shadow lines would affect the aerodynamics

    • @AdityaMehendale
      @AdityaMehendale Год назад +2

      @@AndrewAHayes One would sand it flat, i imagine... (the entire gap would get filled up, so there should be no "gap" visible after bonding)
      The strength of an elastic joint (like an MS-polymer seam) comes from the fact that it shares its load over the entire seam instead of point-loading at one "hot-spot". To enable this, the cured "glue" needs to have some compliance. a thicker joint-line has more compliance; a paper-thin glue-seam would be very stiff. (analogous to how a longer noodle has more 'give' than a shorter noodle). By having a uniformly thicknessed fill-gap, you create a uniform and consistent compliance, but if you do it correctly, there should be not much visible seam afterwards ;)

    • @AdityaMehendale
      @AdityaMehendale Год назад +4

      PS - this rationale does not work when your cement has a higher modulus of elasticity than your base material (e.g. bondo and PLA). It is intended for soft bonders on a hard base - e.g. silicone and bathroom-tiles .

    • @JonLake
      @JonLake Год назад +1

      I personally use a similar technique to embed a custom o-ring for part that requires a better seal 🤌

  • @kingyachan
    @kingyachan 8 месяцев назад +4

    I feel like I'm in a university level industrial design course and my tutor actually wants me to pass.
    You're an unbelievably good dude, thanks so much for putting this stuff together for everyone to learn!

  • @Hugatry
    @Hugatry Год назад +73

    This is one of those processes that at first seems too complicated or time consuming, but after trying it a few times and learning the steps, there is no going back. Makes aligning/mating two halves easier AND hides imperfections in the seam? What's not to love!

  • @fayvis
    @fayvis 20 дней назад

    I've been a CAD instructor for years, and I learned something today. Fantastic video, you've got yourself a subscriber!

  • @LifeonWheels
    @LifeonWheels Год назад +47

    even as a designer I still find these videos helpful and giving inspiration!

  • @sebapolver
    @sebapolver Год назад +11

    I know these examples are made with loose tolerances, but this is the correct way of designing an assembly. You can even 3d print a gasket (with a flexible material) to put it in the interface. I see a lot of people here on RUclips 3d printing parts and using glue or other questionable technics for connect parts. Thank you for teaching (tech😁) how must be do it.

  • @TS_Mind_Swept
    @TS_Mind_Swept 10 месяцев назад +7

    And if you want to reduce the sliding around further, I've found 0.1 mm to be a good offset for friction fit, otherwise 0.2 mm if you want them to slide but not necessarily lock (unless the parts are really small, than it needs to be bumped up a tad)

  • @treelineresearch3387
    @treelineresearch3387 Год назад +29

    If you use Solidworks the "Lip and Groove" tool can make these features mostly automatically based on a parameter set. I've used it on a few little enclosures and unless you're working with really manky imported polygon geometry it works quite well.

    • @JeromeDemers
      @JeromeDemers Год назад +5

      Thanks didn’t know even the ribs tools looks easy.

  • @Isaac________
    @Isaac________ Год назад +31

    You're just constantly putting out this amazing content. Thank you so much!

  • @DWIT3D
    @DWIT3D Год назад +19

    I'll definitely consider shadow lines when I design from now on. Great video Michael. Another good use for shadow lines is to incorporate a gasket of some kind if you need to make your container water tight.

  • @DS-th7wn
    @DS-th7wn Год назад +6

    I like to tighten the shadow line tolerance up a bit but chamfer the leading edge to give it some clearance. This channel has been a great learning tool and is also entertaining. Thank you for putting this much effort in to the content.

  • @Enjoymentboy
    @Enjoymentboy Год назад +4

    I didn't even know that this was what I had been doing but I'm glad to know that it's actually something proper. lol. But based on what I saw here there are definitely some things I can tweak to do it in a more effective manner. Thank you for this.

  • @shyam-ravi
    @shyam-ravi Год назад

    It's amazing that such helpful content is available for free!

  • @Slydog43UTube
    @Slydog43UTube Год назад +6

    Love the patterned bed, had to order some for myself

    • @ukrainewarroom
      @ukrainewarroom Год назад +2

      where did you order from? I cant find them anywhere

  • @dalkgamler
    @dalkgamler Год назад +2

    Very nice video. Taking useful things from a similar industrie that's doing plastics and manufacturing for years and showing us how to do it.

    • @renxula
      @renxula Год назад

      Though, 3d printers should remember not to cargo-cult solutions from injection molding, if they aren't really needed for printing. One example is cutting large holes in order to reduce weight. We can get better results with just infill (it can be faster to print and look better).

  • @peterkallend5012
    @peterkallend5012 6 месяцев назад

    I think I've been using shadow lines instinctively for a while now. I'm having trouble getting in the mindset for countersunk screws, sacrificial bridging and modeled internal structure. Once again, great video. I'm learning stuff I need to learn that isn't always the subject of your video by simple fact that you always include such concepts as part of your design process. Thanks for your great content.

  • @m.a.d.h.e.a.d
    @m.a.d.h.e.a.d 11 месяцев назад

    That's simply a single best advice that moved my designs on the next level in 2023! Thanks TT!

  • @AntonyHart
    @AntonyHart Год назад +1

    Wowzers - I knew there was something not right about the design I've been working on, but didn't know the solution. My design wasn't a simple shape like this, but based on your steps I worked out what was necessary to give me case a shadow line in the right spots. This was golden! Thank you. Printing now to test fit...

  • @AndreasLenze
    @AndreasLenze Год назад +1

    Great idea! Now, to brush up on my OnShape skills...!

  • @joelpotischman248
    @joelpotischman248 Год назад +27

    Great lesson as always, Michael. Another huge benefit that I don't think you mentioned is how this strengthens mated parts. With your box example all the shear stress between the two sides would be on the bolts, but the shadow line spreads that force out over the entire circumference, probably greatly reducing material fatigue and failures over time.

    • @conorstewart2214
      @conorstewart2214 Год назад +7

      With distances like he used most of the stress will still be on the bolts, the shadow line only starts spreading out that force after it has already deformed by the horizontal gap between the parts. Yes it may help with strength but it most likely will not help much with material fatigue.

  • @timg6252
    @timg6252 Год назад +26

    Just a possibility but the gap in the butt joint might be due to the screw pulling the material up as it starts to cut the thread. A chamfer helps but isn't always enough.
    I've found that extruding a hole slightly larger than the thread diameter for the first 1mm gives that material somewhere to go.
    I do like the look of the shadow line though.

    • @johnmoore5593
      @johnmoore5593 10 месяцев назад

      That is a good idea. Have you experienced any issues with the threads pulling out when there is less total material to cut into? I haven't had any issues with self tapped threads but I've seen a lot of discussion of captive nuts, vs heat inserts, vs self cut threads and just wondering about your experience.

  • @sierraecho884
    @sierraecho884 Год назад +7

    The shadow line is always used in car manufacturing. You can notice it the most around the glove box, the shadow line points downwards.
    This is usually a good practice, well done.

  • @john-michaelcenters171
    @john-michaelcenters171 Год назад +1

    Thank you! I will be adding these toy parts in the future!

  • @III-zy5jf
    @III-zy5jf Год назад

    I work a menial job. At home, I've spent over a year making a box exactly as shown. (I cut a plus out the fillet the inner corners; make the base and lid as separate parts.) Everything I did has been inefficient. You made the same box so simply. What an amazing video.

  • @professorsanjivkumargupta5595
    @professorsanjivkumargupta5595 3 месяца назад

    Somehow I was looking for this and had given up thinking that it may be too difficult. Thanks.

  • @mariusbecker467
    @mariusbecker467 Год назад

    Things I see everyday not realising… Thank you! Great content.

  • @izzydo3494
    @izzydo3494 Год назад +1

    Love your tutorials for onshape, I've learned how to design my own things now with your help. Thank you.

  • @don.3s
    @don.3s Год назад +2

    I studied product design but this is one of those less "important" design rules you forget (unlike draft/wall and rib thickness/...) Thanks for reminding me 👍👍

  • @survival_man7746
    @survival_man7746 Год назад

    I like this type of joint, it reduce a lot the visual effect of surface imperfection.
    Thank you for this amazing video !

  • @GoldenAura32
    @GoldenAura32 Год назад

    This is amazing. I have used this before but I did not know about the feature to select all the edges at once, I was clicking each one separately. The best part of all these videos is even if you know how to do something, it may not be the most efficient. Learning a different way to accomplish the same task can make the design process so much faster and professional looking.

  • @Joshplv
    @Joshplv Год назад +1

    Great video, some CAD software might have built-in commands for making lips and grooves, but this demonstrates how this can be done if this is not available and also nicely demonstrates why this can be important when trying to design something that might need to be reproducible or manufacturable.

  • @Just_some_guy74
    @Just_some_guy74 Год назад +1

    I'm currently designing a model as we speak that this addresses and solves my questions. PERFECT timing. Thanks for all the informative content and excellent tips.

  • @4thWardTechnology
    @4thWardTechnology 11 месяцев назад

    wow, I learned some new onshape techniques in addition to the shadow lines. Thank you.

  • @Adnegoo
    @Adnegoo Год назад

    Thats is a GREAT advice for product design for 3d print that a lot of ppl ignores.
    Also, theses videos using OnShape are great! I want to pivot to Fusion to Onshape for a long time, and content like this is slowly convince-me to do so. Just will wait for my overpriced-already-pay subscription to end.

  • @thegenrl
    @thegenrl Год назад +1

    that bed that puts the simulated forged carbon on the part is A++

  • @nerddub
    @nerddub Год назад

    excellent tip, I make quite a few multi-part designs this is going in the toolbox for sure!

  • @erin.anderson
    @erin.anderson Год назад

    This is a very cool little design trick for mated surfaces; i don't design a lot of this type of parts, but i will certainly keep this in mind the next time that i do.

  • @BennyTygohome
    @BennyTygohome Год назад

    That is brilliant and something i wouldn't have thought of doing. I was a little lost in the technical slicing steps of the video, tangents and geometry etc, but i think when i begin attempting this myself it will make more sense to me as I'm doing it.
    THANK YOU

  • @drewmakesstuff
    @drewmakesstuff Месяц назад

    I have used a similar method before in some of my designs, but I like your way of doing it much better.

  • @RomanoPRODUCTION
    @RomanoPRODUCTION Год назад

    thank you Michael for bringing this technical, it is so practical. I would have needed that for printing molds to make plaster parts.

  • @ZeeengMicro
    @ZeeengMicro Год назад

    I have been searching for the Why and What shadow line since that day you mentioned it. Thank you for finally answering my question, I'm gonna try it on my next project.

  • @gonegliding2966
    @gonegliding2966 Год назад

    Thanks Michael. I used this technique to improve water resistance for the parts I 3D printed for the bike. Seems to work great.

  • @rickstaggs2376
    @rickstaggs2376 Год назад

    That's why they use something very similar on electrical Junction boxes. Thanks TT I honestly didn't even think of adding those!

  • @KZ-yy9pm
    @KZ-yy9pm Год назад

    Makes perfect sense when joining 2 surfaces together you have surface area joining together. With just a flat printed surfaces there will only be the highest points touching leaving a gap. This can be minimized by sanding the 2 surfaces before joining or clamping but still not as much contact area as using a shadow line and like you also mentioned the lining up of parts becomes easier. I’ve watched your videos before but this video made me realize I need to sub, I don’t have anything against adults printing superhero busts or toys but this is the kind of content I seek. Thank you.

  • @DerrickJolicoeur
    @DerrickJolicoeur Год назад

    Just made my first design with shadow lines! Printing it now : )

  • @MaximKachurovskiy
    @MaximKachurovskiy Год назад +19

    They do it in molds to give some tolerance. In 3D prints we usually have higher precision so I extend the outer wall 0.2mm higher than the cut and get a perfect snap between 2 parts and no line.

    • @conorstewart2214
      @conorstewart2214 Год назад +9

      Exactly. Understanding why they do something when using a different manufacturing method is very useful rather than just copying it and thinking it must be better because other people do it. A lot of what needs done for other manufacturing methods doesnt apply to 3D printing. Yes this concept works in 3D printing too and has some benefits but there is no need to do it the same way that it is done for injection moulding. As you say 3D printing is generally more precise and consistent so the tolerances dont need to be anywhere near as loose. With 3D printing on a decently well calibrated machine or just if you know the accuracy of your machine you should be able to get a near perfect outer surface and a pretty good friction fit.

    • @philippk736
      @philippk736 Год назад +8

      Injection moulding, when done right, has a much higher precision than 3D printing. You just have to use a manufacturer who knows what they are doing. At my company we order injection moulded parts where any error above 0.02mm is unacceptable which would never work with 3D printing. Additionally, injection moulding is much more repeatable because the environment is easier to control than for 3D printing.
      That's why one can easily find injection moulded parts without any shadow gaps, if one moves toward more premium products.

    • @conorstewart2214
      @conorstewart2214 Год назад +2

      @@philippk736 you clearly have never worked with 3D printing then. It is absolutely possible to reach that level of precision, even with FDM, if you properly calibrate the machine, and you can get even better results with resin printing.

    • @sabar-q9p
      @sabar-q9p Год назад +4

      I have boxes behind me with hundreds of unique structural/functional ABS printed parts that need tight tolerances. 3d printing is very fiddly and reaching consistent accuracy across varying scales is very time consuming from my experience. Even a highly tuned small format printer like a Voron V0 will have a lot of inaccuracy if you calibrate to say, a 20mm x 20mm x 10mm object with thread cut bores 2mm deep then switch to a 140mm x 140mm x 100mm object with bolt/nut tightened friction holds 40mm deep. I print a lot of functional parts at varying scales with tight tolerances and excellent dimensional accuracy requires a lot of wasted prints. This is especially true with materials like ABS which have differential rates of expansion and contraction. You can't just throw any print in -- you have to sit there and modify everything. A "well calibrated machine" is only really calibrated for one specific type of print (say, ABS / no-supports / no-overhangs / thread cut vertical bores / 0.6mm layers / < 100mm square ).
      One last thing is that tight tolerances on what is basically a lap joint can be a major point of failure in 3d printing, especially for functional parts that will be exposed to stresses. ABS and PLA are both fairly brittle and different rates of expansion against thin, tight joints will fail over time.

    • @REDxFROG
      @REDxFROG Год назад

      ​@@philippk736lol 0,02mm at which temperature? Raise it by 5 Kelvin and the smallest part would usually expand by more than 0,02.
      You're not talking about ABS or anything alike.

  • @jacobwood5579
    @jacobwood5579 Год назад

    This the over center mechanism and the cam video are my favorites. You do a wonderful job of presenting how to use engineering and design principles in part design and manufacturing. I also really love your cad tips and tricks as someone who is self-taught. I'm always learning when watching your videos. Keep up the good work!

  • @climbon3157
    @climbon3157 Год назад

    This is such a good way for understanding how to make an oring seal. Thank you!

  • @ryanonroy
    @ryanonroy Год назад

    Been in product design for a while, and never referred to it as a "shadow line" before, probably a UK/Aus different between North America. On this side of the pond, we call that feature a "reveal" edge.
    Great video!

  • @hojustraper
    @hojustraper Год назад

    Thanks Michael for sharing! Nice to learn about shadow lines! Would be nice to learn more about onshape designing tutorials. Thanks!

  • @inventorbrothers7053
    @inventorbrothers7053 Год назад +1

    I'm definitely going to be using this! Thanks so much!

  • @fredshorrock377
    @fredshorrock377 Год назад

    Thanks for this video. I ran into this a lot with mating surfaces in my design. I will most definitely give it a try

  • @Bot_Brad
    @Bot_Brad Год назад +1

    You are really smart. I learn a lot from you

  • @AaronFlaming
    @AaronFlaming Год назад +6

    This is fantastic! Keep it up.

  • @dotintegral
    @dotintegral Год назад

    Thanks for the vid. Now I'm excited to try out the shadow line in my next project!

  • @ScottyHyndman
    @ScottyHyndman Год назад +1

    This is my favourite kind of content. Thanks! :)

  • @andrevanrossum8408
    @andrevanrossum8408 Год назад

    This is very nice. I am certainly going to use this technique. Thank you very much!!

  • @martinsmith2948
    @martinsmith2948 7 месяцев назад

    ONCE AGAIN ABSOLETULY FANTASTIC THANK YOU SO MUCH

  • @collie147
    @collie147 Год назад +3

    I've been a 123D Design guy for years (and I've been making the lips and troughs for mating parts in it for years too). Tried onshape, fusion, freecad. Was never really worth the effort of re-learning because I was fairly proficient in 123D (and knew how to work around all the bugs). That curved offset though, I think that might just be worth it to dive back into onshape and actually learn it this time. Thanks Michael.

  • @BABALOOEY46
    @BABALOOEY46 Год назад

    Glad you are getting some views for this high quality demonstration. 👍🏻

  • @jasonransom
    @jasonransom 10 месяцев назад

    Great content. Definitely looking forward to trying the shadow line technique in my next project.

  • @AmixLiark
    @AmixLiark Год назад

    The offset technique is op! Tysm for this video!

  • @rmfberry261
    @rmfberry261 Год назад +1

    i didnt know those slight overlaps wer called shadow lines and i can see the benifits.. i would definitely choose tighter toleranes but the example tollerences you chose were very easy to see . i will definitely be using them on my keyboard cae.

  • @ElyDooo
    @ElyDooo Год назад

    This is awesome! Definitely gonna use this technique in my projects from now on, and modify past projects too for fun

  • @atltvhead2840
    @atltvhead2840 Год назад +2

    Great tutorial! Love the offset extrude trick!

  • @citratune7830
    @citratune7830 Год назад

    Wow. Loved this. Learned about offset and use tools with this!

  • @3dmedicvince449
    @3dmedicvince449 Год назад

    Great information, and I couldn't help but notice that build plate and how it transfers the pattern to the print.

  • @wcbessinger
    @wcbessinger Год назад

    Definitely going to try this Mike, thanks!

  • @KyleAndersonSkates
    @KyleAndersonSkates Год назад

    I literally know nothing about 3D modeling or printing but this was a super interesting video!

  • @Jimmy___
    @Jimmy___ 3 месяца назад +1

    Thank you, I will try this. I would be interested in ways to quickly add connectors in OnShape for parts that require more than shadow lines. You can add them easily in OrcaSlicer/others but you have to redo everything if you change the CAD design. The biggest obstacle is that it takes SO long compared to adding the connectors in the slicer.

  • @wktodd
    @wktodd Год назад +10

    Old design adage: if you can't hide it, emphasize it.

  • @aL3891_
    @aL3891_ Год назад +1

    great stuff man, love onshape/cad content

  • @flamewave000
    @flamewave000 Год назад

    I just designed a case like this, but I also added a gasket that I'm going to print out in soft TPU. Trying to make it dust proof because the box will be living in a extremely dusty environment. The shadow line concept works really well for that.

  • @UnoriginalElephant
    @UnoriginalElephant Год назад

    I wish I had done something like this when I was printing a TUSH yesterday! I'll have to try this next time, but with tighter tolerances 😊

  • @chrisr1241
    @chrisr1241 Год назад +3

    Amazing video! Could you please tell what build plate this is? Triangles looks so good…

  • @Alluvian567
    @Alluvian567 9 месяцев назад

    I like it, great video I will definitely be considering this next time I make mating surfaces like this.

  • @dworkin7110
    @dworkin7110 Год назад

    Great video. Never even considered this idea.

  • @artursmihelsons415
    @artursmihelsons415 9 месяцев назад

    Great tips and video!
    Definitely I will use them in next project.. 👍

  • @johnvodopija
    @johnvodopija Год назад

    Thank you for the excellent tutorial. Cheers 👍😎🇦🇺

  • @RandleBond
    @RandleBond Год назад

    really helpful. same amazing new understanding for me in how to use onshape in this video

  • @MrApache64AH
    @MrApache64AH Год назад

    Great video, with a great effect, thanks, keep them coming!!

  • @slacksthegreat
    @slacksthegreat Год назад

    Definitely will use shadow lines.

  • @Tomasitoke
    @Tomasitoke Год назад +1

    In addition to shadow lines I sometimes add a 0.5 or 1mm TPU gasket in-between the two surfaces, glued to one of them.

  • @kennethbeal
    @kennethbeal Год назад

    Thank you! Just fixed my printer, an Ender3 V2 Neo which had the "white dust/powder" issue in the thermistor causing temperature reading to vary too much and it would halt and screech. Looking to get into the design part, this will be very helpful, thanks again!

  • @GarageStudiosDesign
    @GarageStudiosDesign 10 месяцев назад

    Great channel, new to 3D and your info is easy to understand.

  • @dwilliam16
    @dwilliam16 Год назад +2

    Fantastic as always. Would you consider a follow-up video to show making a snap fit connection? Especially if you used the same model. Love the channel.

  • @iklink
    @iklink Год назад

    I think it's a great idea. with some sanding it would be even more perfect

  • @jaapweel1
    @jaapweel1 Год назад

    thank you. this stuff is very hard info to track down in my experience.

  • @erikringwalters
    @erikringwalters Год назад +1

    Great video! I definitely have a project in mind that would be perfect for implementing this!

  • @808GT
    @808GT Год назад

    You are an excellent educator

  • @ArcticMayhem
    @ArcticMayhem Год назад

    An idea for a future video. Snaps or cams. I tried to design and print a block off plate for an air inlet. I was able to design a shape that would fit in the odd shaped hole, but couldn't figure out how to secure it from the outside. I tried making a spiral/cam lock that prints in place like an IKEA furniture, but I couldn't get the shapes right. I tried a spring tab that would snap in, but it wouldn't print strong enough. The layer lines were in the wrong orientation and it would snap off. Anyway, I'd definitely love to see another mechanism type video to help solve this problem. I have some ideas, but my CAD skills are the biggest hold up.

  • @yt-sweety
    @yt-sweety Год назад +2

    I love your content

  • @cjmerobot1204
    @cjmerobot1204 Год назад

    Nice build plate!

  • @Golfboy-ze3le
    @Golfboy-ze3le Год назад

    Awesome video! I will be giving it a try!

  • @AmixLiark
    @AmixLiark Год назад

    EXTREMELY USEFUL

  • @hangman4011
    @hangman4011 Год назад +9

    Another big benefit is you could feasibly add a gasket for an even better seal/compression seal on the edges.

  • @TheFreeBro
    @TheFreeBro Год назад

    Yay more plastic. Mother Earth smiles down on this. So glad there’s a whole channel devoted to little pieces of plastic. What a blast

  • @marcusone1
    @marcusone1 Год назад

    Thanks for the super simple method. Would love to see how you do a snap fit with tabs or other features. Also one with a channel for silicone seal.

  • @tomsko863
    @tomsko863 Год назад

    Michael, you're doing very well with teaching people some good habits for design. Next thing missing in your designs is proper alignment between assemblies. All parts need to follow a datum scheme which located the parts to each other. Simple protruding ribs that net off to a wall, or an extruded "t" on 1 part going into a hollow box in another would align parts well.

    • @renxula
      @renxula Год назад

      What is "netting off"? I didn't get any of that 🙄

    • @tomsko863
      @tomsko863 Год назад

      **Comment redacted for being too much of a jerk.**

    • @tomsko863
      @tomsko863 Год назад

      @@renxula I'm sorry for my previous flippant answer. "Netting off" just means "touching at a certain spot". So right now Micheal's assembly (the two halves of his box) can slide against each other 0.5mm to the left and to the right, (6:04) making a total of 1mm of sliding. Sometimes that's OK, but when you start designing more functional parts that's too much "play" between the parts.
      At 6.04 he can add two small 0.4 or 0.5mm bumps/ribs off the bottom part, pointing inboard (to the right), to close that gap. Do the same on the other side of the part. That will give the two parts a snug fit so they can't slide against each other. If they end up too big, just take a small hobby knife and slightly shave them until they fit nicely.
      The other method (pin and slot) would be difficult to explain right now but googling it should help you.