Hapten antigen

haptens antigen - A hapten is a small molecule that can elicit an immune response most effective when connected to a large provider such as a protein; the carrier may be one who additionally does now not elicit an immune response by using itself. (as a rule, handiest large molecules, infectious agents, or insoluble overseas matter can elicit an immune response within the physique.) as soon as the physique has generated antibodies to a hapten-carrier adduct, the small-molecule hapten may also be capable to bind to the antibody, but it will normally no longer provoke an immune response; most likely simplest the hapten-carrier adduct can do that. Often the small-molecule hapten may block immune response to the hapten-service adduct through stopping the adduct from binding to the antibody, a procedure known as hapten inhibition.
The mechanisms of absence of immune response could vary and involve difficult immunological mechanisms, but can comprise absent or insufficient co-stimulatory alerts from antigen-supplying cells.
The suggestion of haptens emerged from the work of Karl Landsteiner who also pioneered using synthetic haptens to study immunochemical phenomena.
The primary researched haptens have been aniline and its carboxyl derivatives (o-, m-, and p-aminobenzoic acid).
A well-known illustration of a hapten is urushiol, which is the toxin found in poison ivy. When absorbed by way of the dermis from a poison ivy plant, urushiol undergoes oxidation in the epidermis cells to generate the exact hapten, a reactive molecule referred to as a quinone, which then reacts with epidermis proteins to kind hapten adducts. Commonly, the first publicity explanations simplest sensitization, where there's a proliferation of effector T-cells. After a subsequent, 2d exposure, the proliferated T-cells can grow to be activated, generating an immune response that produces common blisters of a poison ivy exposure.
Some haptens can induce autoimmune ailment. An instance is hydralazine, a blood stress-lowering drug that from time to time can produce drug-prompted lupus erythematosus in designated participants. This also seems to be the mechanism by which the anaesthetic gasoline halothane can reason a life-threatening hepatitis, as well as the mechanism through which penicillin-type medications motive autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Other haptens which can be more often than not used in molecular biology applications incorporate fluorescein, biotin, digoxigenin, and dinitrophenol.
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Thank you for watching

[@AmirAbuleil92]

One of the very few videos on youtube talking about haptens ! Great job mate ,, keep up the excellent job

[@navaneeth_us]

Conceptually backed and beautifully crafted and articulated video on HAPTEN. Thank you so much.

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@genresischance]

El vídeo más corto y claro sobre haptenos. Very helpful, thank you so much!

[@victorvaldez6785]

Thank you very much Suman, all your videos are very helpful. Especially for someone like me who is going through med school.

[@lailatq610]

Very few people explain very well.
Commendable efforts perfect explanantion in short span of time.
Thankyou for your efforts in making us understand those crinky concepts.
Stay blessed :')

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you. Glad you liked my lectures

[@joshuajames9673]

Excellent! Thanks for your effort to make this video. (The poison Ivy example was on one of my exams.)

[@mayukhroy5393]

Thank you Sir for this wonderful explanation.

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome. Glad to hear that you're getting benefit from my lectures

[@conceptbasedcontent5705]

Sir nice video ...but you saide antigence induce immunity...is it correct

[@bejoyshrestha9595]

nicely explained! you made my doubt clearly ... thanyou so much sir well done!!!

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome. Glad to hear that you're getting benefit from my lectures

[@ekagrataclasses2467]

very NYC thanks sir its my exam on 21 of immunology its help me a lot

[@krutichauhan203]

Omg!! U really explained very nicely...I understood all things n u remove my confusions!!tnk u very much ☺☺

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

+kruti chauhan thank you very much. Glad you liked my lectures.

[@anirudhjoshi7651]

Brother thank you very much

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@sureshprematho7787]

Nice explanation sir

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@sannag6262]

is there any video for antigen?

[@sikhapanigrahi826]

Thank you Sir...

[@ladakhexplorerzahra7489]

Lots of respect sir...

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you so much for appreciating my efforts

[@rahimayousafzai307]

Oh wow!!You are so good.ThankYou for great video

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

+Rahima Yousafzai thank you. Glad you liked my lectures

[@tenochtitilian]

What's the answer to this experiment:
1. Inject someone with a hapten and they have no immune response
2. Inject someone with the same hapten but already bound to a carrier molecule - and this produces an immune response
3. If you inject someone with just the hapten alone again, will they produce an immune response?

[@shruthikrishnaswamy1539]

tenochtitilian for Ur first question haptens are so small that antibodies fail to recognise them. for your second question haptens and carrier molecules form a big complex and antibody response occurs for both haptens and carrier molecule. for Ur third question you have to combine hapten with carrier molecule to elicit a response

[@mariaalejandrabissig5285]

no

[@debojyotimandal4476]

Best recommended biology Sir .

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@cafejunkieee]

sir can you please clarify.. you said that urushiol enters skin and then it gets oxidised to quinon and then you said that the quinon is already present but then it gets attached to a carrier protein and acts like a hapten conjugate. So, i'm not able to understand this urushiol is the one getting converted into quinon or because of urushiol, quinon makes the conjugate with some carrier protein ?

[@esmeraldasish]

Thank you could you please upload more immunology videos

[@barkhakumari5856]

Thanks

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@szzonishka3717]

I have a question: the hapten conjugated with the carrier protein will induce a higher quantity of Antibodies production than the Protein alone or is it the other way around?

[@janett8221]

The carrier protein alone will not trigger an immune response. The hapten with the protein will induce an immune response compared to just hapten alone.

[@doctorofmedicine1113]

Great job dear generally students can grasp big topics easily ..but I think these r the small topics like this on which many students confused ..i was also confused but now thanks ...keep it up

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Glad you liked my lectures. Please subscribe and share

[@doctorofmedicine1113]

Which book is best for microbiology ..

[@MBBSFPSKUsim]

excellent explanation !

[@navidmalekiraee]

All immunogens are antigens but not all antigens are immunogen !

[@njmanj2487]

yes exactly and both hapten and immunogen are antigene not the opposite

[@muhammadwaseem2041]

Thank you sir

[@mansidesai2152]

Tysm sir !😊🙏

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@sakshiverma2832]

Thankyouuuuuuuuuu

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@subhashreebhattacharya6393]

hapten is antigenic but not immunogenic.. check from KUBY

[@haikalkhairi756]

hapten is immunogenic but not antigenic.

[@harinarayanmishra8121]

Hapten ll elicit immune response when it binds with carrier

[@chizovlogs.1mviews649]

Hmmm😂😂😂😂😂

[@devsha7823]

Confused 😮😮

[@vishaldey6828]

Yes u r right, haptens are antigen but not immunogenic, they become immunogenic when they are bound to carrier protein present in affeted tissues...

[@aored6517]

this really helped! Thanks :)

[@anamikaasati5472]

Please adjuvants bhi bata do

[@sadiyapathan9393]

sir plzz hindi me vedio upload kare in topics pr

[@rathodkeyur6848]

Hapten is antigenic ,not a immunogenic ....right or not ???

[@nafeesaamin1895]

Right

[@preety435]

Nice...

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@mohdanassheikh2096]

Watched at 1.5X 👍

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Good

[@zeynep-ri7nf]

Subscribed ur channel

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@saivarshitha4479]

Your best 😊😊😊😊😊

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@ysandhyasri995]

Yes hapten is antigenic but not an immunogenic

[@archanakumari-th2be]

Sir what is poison ivy???

[@BioVidyalaya]

Poison ivy is a plant. That will cause skin allergy or rash.

[@samsunggalaxyfanno1156]

You r best

[@nabanitadutta1411]

Thanks

[@AbdulRehman-mr8pj]

I think hapten is not immunogenic

[@nothingggg656]

Hapten are antigenic but not immunogenic..

[@rsmibiswas8310]

thnku...😍

[@vidyaguru1872]

hapten is antigenic but not immunogenic

[@vidyaguru1872]

it can be made immunogenic by conjugation to a suitable carrier. Many drugs like penicillins are haptens. A hapten is essentially an incomplete antigen.

[@Fairytalk22]

Attitude doesn't match..bro.. make in Hindi 🤒

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

What?!

[@youtubeyoutube5887]

Uroshiol

[@griseum3151]

nice basic lesson, my bad but I can't stand the indian speaking :(

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you so much for appreciating my efforts