★ How to: Stop Leggy Seedlings (Useful Tips & Step by Step Guide)

Поделиться
HTML-код
  • Опубликовано: 16 янв 2025

Комментарии • 768

  • @coolegarry
    @coolegarry 4 года назад +40

    New to gardening, didn't know I had leggy seedlings until I saw this video and yes, my seedlings look exactly like yours in the beginning.

  • @benb7727
    @benb7727 5 лет назад +199

    You saved me! My tomatoes were 3 weeks old and leggy. They are back on track now ready to plant in 2 weeks. Thank you!

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  5 лет назад +12

      You're welcome. I can't believe this weather. Where's the sunshine??

    • @Zenkitty26
      @Zenkitty26 4 года назад +24

      A small tip for leggy tomatoes...when you transplant them to their 'toddler' pots, bury them up to their little chins. All that fuzziness along the stems is vestigial root and will become part of a strong root ball.

    • @humbertosilva4140
      @humbertosilva4140 4 года назад +3

      @@Zenkitty26 interesting. It really makes sense. I am so curious and excited to try it along with aluminum foil on my tomato seedlings. Thanks a lot

    • @PinoyGamingTribe
      @PinoyGamingTribe 4 года назад +2

      @@Zenkitty26 sorry im not fluent in english but i want to learn
      my tomato also start leggy? and i transfer it onto a much more spacious, but i plant it more deep, like you said its almost at the chin? is that okay?

    • @jayann5536
      @jayann5536 3 года назад

      If I rotate the plants will that work the same.

  • @FarHowling
    @FarHowling 7 лет назад +25

    Can't believe that such a simple method works so well. My last year's seedlings were all leggy and weak despite sitting in front of a large southfacing window, half of them ended up dying. I was almost about to buy me one of those expensive grow lights
    This year I just placed a big ol' tin foil covered cardboard behind them and they grow like crazy. Straight up and healthy, even in the moody winter weather.

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +2

      There you go! I'm glad my cheaper options are working for you :)

  • @livinginbliss
    @livinginbliss 5 лет назад +60

    It’s like RUclips just knew I needed to see this video today. I was feeling a bit hopeless with how to fix my little sprouts from reaching. Thanks for the ideas!

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  5 лет назад +4

      Algorithms are scary. You're welcome :)

    • @dougprobert5378
      @dougprobert5378 3 года назад +1

      You are very creative with good ideas gonna try these tips Thanks

  • @gandolph
    @gandolph 9 месяцев назад +1

    hope you get well soon where would we be without your videos'.

  • @preet2692
    @preet2692 7 лет назад +41

    Thanks to you, I'm able to see the seedlings on my window sill straighten up now. You've got some super helpful videos for amateur gardeners like me. Keep it going!

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад

      Thanks. I'm glad it helped. Would you like to share some photos on my gardening group? facebook.com/groups/projectdiariesHQ/

  • @nomperfect
    @nomperfect 3 года назад +9

    Sir you’re honestly a lifesaver,I just took an interest in gardening recently and i literally just looked up a whole lot of info on how to start seeds. I really don’t know what Im doing but this info is really helping alot with troubleshooting. Thanks!😁🤙🏾

  • @botanicaltreasures2408
    @botanicaltreasures2408 5 лет назад +109

    I first learned about the value of reflective surfaces in directing sun to needy plants from my grandpa. He mostly gardened outdoors. He used mirrors to help plants in too much shade. Water features aren’t just pretty they add more reflected light to a landscape. Also there’s a reason why some succulents thrive surrounded by white gravel.
    Great to see such sensible indoor application. You brought more 💡. Brilliant!💎

    • @shabanafelix449
      @shabanafelix449 5 лет назад +7

      Wowwww intresting thanks for sharing

    • @botanicaltreasures2408
      @botanicaltreasures2408 5 лет назад +3

      Thanks very much! My grandpa was good with most plants, but especially trees.🌳 (I dedicated my video “Trees Growing in the Carolinas” to his memory.)

    • @user-yx7dp2pl8t
      @user-yx7dp2pl8t 5 лет назад +2

      That is amazing knowledge

    • @botanicaltreasures2408
      @botanicaltreasures2408 5 лет назад +4

      Thanks! One reason I like Project Diaries is that his practical growing advice often sparks my memory and brings to mind something my Grandpa told me.🌿

    • @doodlecrayon222
      @doodlecrayon222 4 года назад

      What is the reason succulents thrive surrounded by white gravel? You just said there's a reason for the white gravel but you didn't specify what the reason was.

  • @Sam-tr4cy
    @Sam-tr4cy 4 года назад +4

    You can reuse the reflective cello on the inside of potato chip bags, extra frugal! Thanks for making these videos, I'm learning a lot.

  • @chalice3571
    @chalice3571 4 года назад

    truly ingenious. I like your hand brushing against the plants.
    God bless you... you are a valuable asset to the youtube followers.

  • @sulebo2153
    @sulebo2153 4 года назад +1

    I learned this from you several years ago and I've adapted your idea to my seedling "closet". I have shelves and a light and lined the back wall with the silver side of a mylar emergency blanket. Added a small, clip on oscillating fan as well as tickling them a couple times a day :). Another tip from someone else is to feed the seedlings about a week after they've germinated. I dilute a little fish emulsion and spray it on. I'm having SO much more success. Thank you :) I hope you are well.

  • @jadegrowsveg
    @jadegrowsveg 4 года назад +5

    My mind is actually blown at how simple yet genius this is! 🤯 Thank you so much 🙏🏻

  • @jamiedavidson7799
    @jamiedavidson7799 4 года назад +2

    WOW! I've always wanted to garden, but thought I was just no good at it. Plant guy has all the tips to make people good at gardening! I've already started my first plants. It's brilliant!

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  4 года назад +1

      That's amazing! glad i could inspire :)

  • @BjornsonVideos
    @BjornsonVideos 5 лет назад +3

    I subscribed because you’re soft-spoken, and you’re in no hurry to finish the video. Hello from Canada.

  • @lorib1696
    @lorib1696 5 лет назад +4

    Great idea. I have a reflector on my terrarium/mini greenhouse but I never thought to put one around my seed pots. Don't worry about having long finger nails. My husband does, too. He's a machinist. He says his nails are some of the best tools he has. They're good for a wide variety of applications. They're always handy, literally. And he can't lose them unless he manages to cut his fingers off.

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  5 лет назад +2

      They are indeed. I always like growing them a little longer when I get a spell of complaints :)

    • @jakemac6667
      @jakemac6667 5 лет назад

      I'm sorry but your husband is gay

    • @LadyLyndhurst01
      @LadyLyndhurst01 5 лет назад

      I hate it when my long thumbnail breaks short as I use it for so many things.

    • @lorib1696
      @lorib1696 5 лет назад

      @@jakemac6667, At least he doesn't look as stupid as a 12 year old trying to pick fights on RUclips.

    • @jakemac6667
      @jakemac6667 5 лет назад

      Nice body

  • @grahamfitzgerald8448
    @grahamfitzgerald8448 5 лет назад +2

    Can i just say i m so impressed with all your Project Diaries they are so helpful and easy to understand this afternoon going to put the leggy seedlings in place in a small greenhouse and i have subscribed i wish you all the best for health issues keep the vids coming best on the internet 10 out of 10

  • @carolbaker1699
    @carolbaker1699 3 года назад

    Hi thank you for all your videos - I love watching them and they have help me a lots as I have retired and so having moved to a large garden, I have been finding it hard and making lots of mistakes, but I watch your videos and things have been loads better since. Thank you again and if ever you are in North Devon please come for a visit or holiday.

  • @avg1712
    @avg1712 5 лет назад +4

    Thank you for your channel. I live in the Pacific NW of the US and we have an almost identical climate. I have struggled for three yrs with seedlings, starts ect. We do complete organic gardening. If it weren’t for your YT channel, I would have gave up.
    Thanks for all your info.

  • @VladTheImpalerTepesIII
    @VladTheImpalerTepesIII 7 лет назад +38

    The good thing about leggy tomatoes is that if you can keep them alive until they get their true leaves and the stem becomes "hairy", you can just plant them deep and the "hairs" will root along the leggy stem. I have also planted leggy cucumbers deep and they did fine. They did end up having a shorter life than normal (powdery mildew infection), but I don't think that had anything to do with them being leggy planting them
    deep. But I got more cucumbers than I could eat all year out of one plant.

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +1

      Good job! I have covered both issues in previous videos :) ruclips.net/video/UNSSBqtTCjk/видео.html

    • @dptechreviews6849
      @dptechreviews6849 4 года назад +2

      My current problem is leggy cucumber seedlings lol I hate the weather here it’s never sunny and Idk what to do

  • @KIKI-sy8fl
    @KIKI-sy8fl 3 года назад +3

    I cant express how lucky I feel to find your video and I'm so thankful you posted this. All the other videos I've watched give me an impression I need to invest more money to save my leggy seedlings. Yours is like a piece of wisdom in an chaotic world xD

  • @TheGreenThumbGardeningChannel
    @TheGreenThumbGardeningChannel 5 лет назад +1

    Excellent technique for eliminating leggy seedlings! Will be using this method when I plant my fall crop in my container gardens this year, thanks!

  • @HomeGrownVeg
    @HomeGrownVeg 7 лет назад +4

    Hello Project Diary. When I saw the pop bottle / cardboard box / tin foil I knew I had found a kindred spirit. Been using this sort of stuff for years. Work with and use what nature provides and the more you recycle the less you spend. Nice vid, well presented. HGV

  • @LeapingFrogg
    @LeapingFrogg 2 года назад

    Brilliant! The windows in my small apt face north so my seedlings have been struggling but I will do this. I have plastic rectangular recycled "salad/lettuce" containers that I'll line with foil. Thanks so much for the tip!!

  • @justchill40
    @justchill40 3 года назад

    Thank you, I always have a good crop, but realised my windowsills are running out. The last frosts here are in May so i need to start seedling indoors!

  • @snoballer1
    @snoballer1 3 года назад

    I watched this video and then made a DIY reflector out of aluminum, cardboard, and tape. Thank you so much Glen! Your videos have helped me a ton!

  • @karend5327
    @karend5327 5 лет назад +1

    Fabulous idea, thank you. All the years gardening I didn’t know about this. You have lots of admirers young man, lovely channel too. Sending heartfelt hugs, Karen UK

  • @pinningformichigan8120
    @pinningformichigan8120 4 года назад +1

    I have saved so many perennial seeds and this year (2020), I 'm going to give your method a try. Thank you.

  • @malkielmc
    @malkielmc 2 года назад

    Works like a charm!! Thank you for this important wisdom!

  • @sunflower3572
    @sunflower3572 3 года назад

    Wow! I never thought of this, so simple and so creative! Thanks for sharing. I am certainly going to try it.

  • @loanstoner72stoner33
    @loanstoner72stoner33 5 лет назад +6

    Hey mate I hope you are ok and doing well,nice to see videos still coming

  • @eCitizen1
    @eCitizen1 5 лет назад +1

    Thanks, that's a quick, easy, and cheap way to help your little seedlings grow strong.

  • @mariannebrearleylove3936
    @mariannebrearleylove3936 4 года назад

    Brilliant technique will utilize for future winter germination

  • @lillefrance7406
    @lillefrance7406 4 года назад

    Excellent ! You saved my plants!

  • @shaylagarton7681
    @shaylagarton7681 5 лет назад

    Just followed you on Facebook and RUclips myself and my 1 year-old son absolutely love your video and tips we love gardening he's been growing his own tomatoes n sunflowers this year and there growning so well looks after them every day and night....

  • @sharonkeya5557
    @sharonkeya5557 3 года назад

    This is such a simple and clever way to redirect light to your advantage. Thank you so much for sharing 🙏

  • @trash_whisperer
    @trash_whisperer 7 лет назад +4

    Great tips, thank you! I just started gardening this year and about 60% of what I planted died miserably lol. I will keep the reflector trick in mind for next time when I plant and seedlings start getting too leggy.

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +1

      That's a shame. Try to keep an eye on them daily

  • @KristyLeeVlogs
    @KristyLeeVlogs 7 лет назад +16

    Fantastic! I've been stressing all day as I've just started my seeds and don't get enough light. This is awesome :)

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +5

      Glad to be of help! Get involved with my gardening group if you like? facebook.com/groups/projectdiariesHQ

  • @Earlyna_Hope
    @Earlyna_Hope Год назад

    I really needed this, thank you so much for this video been getting too many of these leggy seedlings and they just don't survive but I am going to put to practice what you have taught me. Thank you and God bless

  • @MyBackyardGarden
    @MyBackyardGarden 4 года назад

    Very cool DIY light reflector ideas. Thanks for sharing!

  • @SuperManning11
    @SuperManning11 5 лет назад +1

    Thanks! This worked great for my little cannabis seedlings that I am attempting to grow over the winter using only natural sunlight.

  • @erinisme633
    @erinisme633 4 года назад

    Hey that's pretty clever!
    I've seen people put car windshield reflectors (the ones used to prevent heat from building up in your car while it's parked) behind their plant flats... this is the same principal but for better for tighter spaces. Smart!

  • @louise7368
    @louise7368 2 года назад

    Good evening Sir, I have just binged the whole avocado series and Thank you! I was literally eating one today thinking I must plant this and I have started! Thanks to your videos I’ll be copying the same process. Take care and good night 🙋🏻‍♀️

  • @fatewillcome
    @fatewillcome 6 лет назад

    Awesome idea, just made it for my plants, ha it started to snow,Thank you very much!!!

  • @katemorgan4346
    @katemorgan4346 4 года назад

    Thank you for this! And thank you for all your videos. I am so sorry to hear you have not been well. I hope you recover quickly. Also, my husband has super long nails on one hand.. I'm envious! He is an amazing guitar, dobro and banjo player... and his nails are steel strong...... Your nails are gorgeous! Don't listen to those people who are so rude...

  • @bellofthedesert1595
    @bellofthedesert1595 4 года назад

    Clever and useful information. Thanks!

  • @CandysGarden
    @CandysGarden 5 лет назад +1

    Project Diaries it's actually working! I started using the foil paper, but i use coffer cans that have a silver outlining, & they are working just as good! Thanks so much for this!😊

  • @andreagoble5353
    @andreagoble5353 3 года назад

    Thats a great idea! So much easier than all the grow lights. I'm going to try that right away--thanks!

  • @thChad
    @thChad 7 лет назад +3

    Hey mate, thanks for the simple but really great tip on the reflectors. We've had the worst year for sun that I've seen in my whole life (I'm 33) here in NZ, and getting seedlings to grow healthy has been a bit tough. Even growing them inside has not gone that well because since last spring (its now spring again) we've been lucky to have one decent sunny day per fortnite. But the weather seems to be finally turning and a couple of simple reflectors seems to have really helped my heritage black tomatoes that I've been growing from seed. Keep the vids comin man.

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад

      You're welcome! Good to hear it's working for you. I love NZ. Are you north or south island?

    • @thChad
      @thChad 7 лет назад

      Bottom of North Island. Have you travelled over here?

    • @jamerlybob28
      @jamerlybob28 6 лет назад

      Much better Spring this year! Wellington getting a good amount of sun

  • @DavePawson
    @DavePawson 3 года назад

    My sort of gardener! Great tips

  • @sungod9950
    @sungod9950 4 года назад

    Gr8 video & Gr8 solution to my Leggy seedlings. It’s simple (super intelligent), inexpensive, and easy to follow. I wonder what else I can learn from you. I Hope you and your family & friends are doing well during this epidemic. Thanks for sharing. 👍

  • @KombuchaLiz
    @KombuchaLiz 3 года назад +3

    You are SO amazing. Thank you for saving my leggy seedlings 🌱 you are really awesome at RUclips.

  • @rdkitchengarden4359
    @rdkitchengarden4359 7 лет назад +14

    nice one, I had some leggy seedlings this year, I will definitely be doing this next year. Enjoy the day

  • @sherylreed6708
    @sherylreed6708 3 года назад

    Good job! Great informative video. Thank you!

  • @micksoden7064
    @micksoden7064 4 года назад

    Excellent, simple method .works immediately!

  • @angeloddrev
    @angeloddrev 5 лет назад +1

    I'm a little late growing Sweet Peas and the light has really gone, I was so worried about them because I have them sprouting in the heated propagator and once out on a window sill then into the greenhouse, I knew they'd need a lot more light than they are getting. Then this video popped up in my recommended! How amazing is that =) Thanks so much!! ♥

    • @exotic9022
      @exotic9022 5 лет назад

      Angel Can you give me a update of how it’s working? Are the stems getting stronger?

  • @meetshah2484
    @meetshah2484 7 лет назад +1

    This is really helpful for me and so many others with cloudy weathers all the time. Thank you!

  • @hlyons5633
    @hlyons5633 4 года назад

    Thanks this is really simple & helpful. I don't have a greenhouse & lost quite a few seedlings last year x

  • @suzannegodfrey2071
    @suzannegodfrey2071 3 года назад

    Great video - such an easy idea! Thanks

  • @sage0925
    @sage0925 6 лет назад +1

    OMG, that was fricking awesome! Thank you VERY much, I had a lot of issues with leggy seedlings this year. Came across your video completely by accident, but I'm glad I did!

  • @ericabuchanan7260
    @ericabuchanan7260 4 года назад +1

    You do really great videos. Thanks for doing all this and showing us how to do it free!

  • @maryf4982
    @maryf4982 4 года назад +4

    Thank you for this, it's very useful, I have a forest of leggy seedlings in my bathroom! They are California poppy.

  • @helennelson3120
    @helennelson3120 5 лет назад +1

    Hi. Thanks for sharing. I'll keep this in mind for when or if I need to come to the rescue of my babies. I pray your health improves. Nothing worse than being in pain and or ill. All the best and Blessings Always.

  • @susanbrill8964
    @susanbrill8964 2 года назад

    The shoebox seems like a good technique for winter in northern climates for any plants. I’m in Minnesota and my Rosemary lived through the winter because I have a south facing window but it’s not thriving. I’m going to try this and see if I can boost its health till planting at the end of May!

  • @ButterflyMeadowsHomestead
    @ButterflyMeadowsHomestead 2 года назад

    Thank you. I’m going to try this. Every other video suggested a grow light. I like this inexpensive idea.

  • @shelleymiller908
    @shelleymiller908 4 года назад

    I was trying to bring more heat and light to my plants in the winter. Aluminum foil! Great tip. I knew about brushing my hand over the tops of plants but didn't know that it was artificial wind. Thanks for sharing your wisdom!

  • @patrickbidkhanian144
    @patrickbidkhanian144 4 года назад

    Just wanted to say thanks, I passed my hand through my mint plant a bit and let the window open for a breeze and they went from leggy to pretty much straight in like a day. Awesome.

  • @masterblob7196
    @masterblob7196 7 лет назад +232

    'Only use these in the winter' - so all year round for Scotland

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +14

      haha! It was nice there for an hour last time I visited. It's not all day :D

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +7

      It really depends on your weather. If it's really cold I wouldn't recommend taking them outside at all. If it's warm but windy then just take them outside an hour a day and up it an extra hour every few days

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад +6

      You can do it! Just place them on a sunny windowsill. They'll be fine :)

    • @lemontree5788
      @lemontree5788 5 лет назад +6

      Or in MinneSNOWta! ;-)

    • @christinebeames2311
      @christinebeames2311 5 лет назад +1

      master blob same as manchester

  • @miinah1996
    @miinah1996 3 года назад

    Thank you for posting this , Really helpful

  • @Steggington_Rex
    @Steggington_Rex Год назад

    Wow! Amazing! Can't wait to try this out, thank you

  • @dawnesmith-sliming7004
    @dawnesmith-sliming7004 4 года назад

    Very helpful video. Thank you!

  • @JimmyJaywalker
    @JimmyJaywalker 4 года назад

    Very helpful, bro. Thanks a lot! Greetings from the Philippines.

  • @bridgetplunkett7630
    @bridgetplunkett7630 3 года назад

    Thank you very much. Exactly the information I needed.

  • @tamra9396
    @tamra9396 3 года назад

    Great idea! Will give it a shot!

  • @fanisss
    @fanisss 4 года назад

    Ive just started planting tomatoesss n ur vids help me a lot thank u !

  • @juanitadafler7233
    @juanitadafler7233 3 года назад

    Ingenious ! Thank you!

  • @yasiramirabal1558
    @yasiramirabal1558 4 года назад

    Beginner gardener here. Loving the videos, just earned a new sub

  • @paulinegorey1702
    @paulinegorey1702 2 года назад

    Just found you. Thanks so much , I'm having that with my lavander seedlings and are dying. Will try this immediately Thanks 😊 🙏

  • @indigobeauty1
    @indigobeauty1 5 лет назад +9

    You're such a pleasure to watch 🌱☘🌿

  • @brockyone9809
    @brockyone9809 4 года назад

    Brilliant. Id stopped growing from seed because of the legginess. I'll definitely try this next season. ATB to you.

  • @CarmelFan2024
    @CarmelFan2024 3 года назад

    Brilliant! Thank you!

  • @mariawilson2595
    @mariawilson2595 7 лет назад +1

    Excellent !! looks fascinating so I can use that idea for a propagator!! yes ! thank you

  • @min-hakim5868
    @min-hakim5868 4 года назад

    Thank you for the tips. I really like that these materials are all lying around in my house. My succulents have stretched and I will try this out once I propagate them.

  • @Catesgarden
    @Catesgarden 7 лет назад +5

    This was great! Definitely agree with (wait for it) nipping this issue in the bud, it will mean a weaker plant later on otherwise.

  • @beth8081
    @beth8081 2 года назад

    So cool! Thanks for sharing.

  • @lkhfun6575
    @lkhfun6575 7 лет назад +1

    Great ideas. I have seen the plastic bottle used to protect the plant from chilly drafts off the window at night. This is great double duty.

    • @ProjectDiaries
      @ProjectDiaries  7 лет назад

      Indeed. Usually clear drinking Bottles are better for that :)

  • @LondonTreeSurgeons-Camden
    @LondonTreeSurgeons-Camden 8 лет назад

    Great information, added to our gardening playlists on our channel homepage.

  • @kaylameagher8746
    @kaylameagher8746 3 года назад

    Thank you so much! Great video. I am starting seedlings first year and mine are leggy. Thanks for an inexpensive and affordable alternative. I will subscribe and follow you from now on!

  • @KimSol90
    @KimSol90 5 лет назад +1

    wow this is so incredibly helpful! maybe this will fix my leggy plants! thank you so very much!

  • @seagoatherbs2454
    @seagoatherbs2454 5 лет назад

    Thank you so much for this tutorial! What a brilliant way to easily and affordably provide your seedlings with more light!!

  • @marthagerow
    @marthagerow 3 года назад

    I wish I had seen this earlier! So clever. Thank you!

  • @moniquesmeadow
    @moniquesmeadow 5 лет назад

    Excellent video!

  • @BlueFlame404
    @BlueFlame404 5 лет назад +3

    Thank you for your techniques that really help my avocado
    seedling.

  • @mrdeneanon9519
    @mrdeneanon9519 3 года назад

    Great work brother.

  • @PreshKidd1887
    @PreshKidd1887 4 года назад +1

    Thank you!!!! My seedlings aren's growing very well and this just might b what saves them!!!

  • @crusaderb.1901
    @crusaderb.1901 4 года назад

    Love the Captain Morgan head gear

  • @valeriewreford9866
    @valeriewreford9866 4 года назад

    Super info. Keep well.

  • @redpeony
    @redpeony 6 лет назад +2

    Great stuff. Really interesting and informative. Thanks for taking the effort. Hope you're feeling better.

  • @ravenfeathesDVM
    @ravenfeathesDVM 5 лет назад

    I made this mistake on my poppy plant seedlings the very first time. Learned a lot since then. Great ideas, thanks so much.💞

  • @thecyclingcouple4438
    @thecyclingcouple4438 3 года назад

    another great video bro! Thanks for sharing. I subscribed!! I have some leggy tomatoes, okras and choi. I will try your method. Cant wait for the weather in Toronto 🇨🇦 to get warm

  • @margaretbrown4842
    @margaretbrown4842 8 лет назад

    Thanks another great update Margaret