Dear Dr. Vincent, from Mexico we send you greetings and we appreciate these master classes in virology at this very important moment in the study of viruses for humanity, thank you
Thank you so very much Dr. Rancaniello, it helps a lot, I have started my Master's project on a beetle virus, I did not have enough knowledge about viruses, your teaching rocks, I will recognize your course some day in the future when I become a teacher, THANK YOU THANK YOU
I'm just specimen accessioner that got this video recommended trying to brush up my knowledge. I can't believe I went this long without recognizing you from your podcast ! I I listened to This Week in Microbiology all the time during my micro class. Everyone should check it out.
took your virology course last semester and back again to hear what u and ur podcast have to say about the ncov2019(: thank you again for your inspiring passion for virology
This is an excellent lecture! Thank-you Prof. Racaniello. I wonder if all ambiviruses have RdRp in the viral particle. It seems to me that it might be possible for the +segment of their genome to code for the RdRp enzyme. Maybe this awaits discovery (or I could be out to lunch)?
Okay, I found the answer at 22:00. He says single stranded DNA viruses all have both + and - strands packaged into the particle, so we don't give them a separate classification.
This professor also hosts a podcast called This Week in Microbiology that you should check out. It's a round table of different experts discussing different papers that are noteworthy that week.
Jessie He also does This week in Virology (microbe.tv/twiv) which is all COVID focused these days, the BEST place for authoritative news, discussion and interviews.
Question: At around 16:00 you show the 7 genome types, and you say that mRNA can't be made from single stranded DNA, that it has to be converted to double stranded DNA first. Is there some mechanical reason why that's true? I could get this scheme and understand things better if I knew why. Can you expand on this idea?
At ard. 30:30 you say that plus stranded RNA -viruses should be the dominant ones from human centric view. Did you mean plus stranded mRNA? Because in the Baltimore scheme, +RNA viruses have to be converted into -RNA first. Or, as I refactor it: All have to be converted to -RNA (I suppose in double-stranded RNA ones, it's the -RNA component that gets read?), except where DNA is involved, there it has to complete first. Did I miss something?
Don't feel bad it takes me about 10 hours to really digest the information. and I have to take notes and watch the lectures over and over and over again. The the book helps a lot to. Then when you go to class everything gets tied together
I'm left confused about a few things. Maybe I missed the answers or my questions make no sense, I don't know. Why some + viral rna is directly translated by the cell and another +rna needs a mediator? What type of rna are we talking about in a virus m r or t?
Dr. Racaniello said in an earlier lecture that it’s really challenging to answer *why* questions, but I would guess that having a DNA intermediary has somehow been evolutionarily advantageous for retroviruses. Maybe having a DNA intermediary allows retroviruses like HIV to integrate into the host genome. We’ll probably learn more about it in a later lecture.
It looks here like -RNA has less steps to take than +RNA. Why in your "human view" as you put it is +RNA the best, as it looks like it has an extra step to go through here. Anyone?
I've looked this up, and the common message is that (+) sense RNA can serve as mRNA and can be directly translated into proteins by the host cell. But why the extra step in the Baltimore system? I don't know. He did mention in the video that not all +RNA are mRNA...but if they can serve directly as mRNA, why are there steps in group IV of the Baltimore system to arrive from +RNA to mRNA? That's what's confusing me
I just found this extract for replication of flaviviruses (a +RNA virus): "Replication involves synthesis of negative sense RNA from the positive sense genomic RNA, which then serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. Translation of viral mRNA leads to formation of a single polyprotein which is thencleaved into structural and non structural proteins." So I guess that while +RNA 'can' serve directly as mRNA, mRNA is anyway synthesized during viral replication (which involves that extra step of synthesizing -RNA which is a template for mRNA synthesis). I hope I have this right?
Are there any videos that you've done on influenza? I have a case study exam on it in January and my university lectures are not as clear as you are about virology 😅😂
professor, since we can synthesize pieces of overlapping oligonucleotides of coronavirus in the lab and after a couple of runs of PCR reaction, we will get some infectious virus particle, should we rule out the idea that this new virus is manmade? This sounds crazy and resonates with current conspiracy theory , but given that the technology to do this is not that hard and we haven revived ancient virus and 1918 flu virus, in theory, this new virus could also be made via this way
As long as you have the base pair sequence of the viruses DNA it is never really extinct and can be reintroduced with or without modifications that is a profound take away from this lecture
Hope god is not watching. His/her plot is being exposed. Thank you professor for trying to inform lay people. I am getting 30% of of you are saying . Good enough foe me.
Dear Dr. Vincent, from Mexico we send you greetings and we appreciate these master classes in virology at this very important moment in the study of viruses for humanity, thank you
The intro music tells you this lecture is going to be epic.
Same
big mood
I look forward to these lectures being posted each cycle.
Thank you Vincent.
I know nothing about medicine and viruses but due to covid 19 want to become informed and this seems very non sensationalist and factual thank you x
I'd like to hear about plant, insect and animal viruses :) I didn't even know plants could get viruses tbh.
@@xrach2006x Even bacteria can get viruses. They're called bacteriophages.
Me too! I have not even a college degree but I am fascinated and grateful for the opportunity. Great career you chose, good for humanity!.
I've been waiting all year for your new semester to start! Thanks for talking about nCoV2019!
Would be hard not to talk about the new coronavirus in a virology course!
LOL I'm waiting for the semester to start to your feedback doesn't make me feel so weird
Thank you so very much Dr. Rancaniello, it helps a lot, I have started my Master's project on a beetle virus, I did not have enough knowledge about viruses, your teaching rocks, I will recognize your course some day in the future when I become a teacher, THANK YOU THANK YOU
I'm just specimen accessioner that got this video recommended trying to brush up my knowledge. I can't believe I went this long without recognizing you from your podcast ! I I listened to This Week in Microbiology all the time during my micro class. Everyone should check it out.
took your virology course last semester and back again to hear what u and ur podcast have to say about the ncov2019(: thank you again for your inspiring passion for virology
Big big thanks from Kazakhstan for your wonderful, informative, excellent lectures
This is an excellent lecture! Thank-you Prof. Racaniello.
I wonder if all ambiviruses have RdRp in the viral particle. It seems to me that it might be possible for the +segment of their genome to code for the RdRp enzyme. Maybe this awaits discovery (or I could be out to lunch)?
Are there any minus single stranded DNA viruses? If not, why?
Okay, I found the answer at 22:00. He says single stranded DNA viruses all have both + and - strands packaged into the particle, so we don't give them a separate classification.
Ultra Nice
Thanks Proff. Vincent Racaniello
Anyone here trying to learn what we are up against with this SARS 2/ COVID 19 🤚🏾
AllThat SheIz Yes
Yup.
Yes. Great lecture series. Knowledge is beautiful. Much better than post digested CNN.
This professor also hosts a podcast called This Week in Microbiology that you should check out. It's a round table of different experts discussing different papers that are noteworthy that week.
Jessie He also does This week in Virology (microbe.tv/twiv) which is all COVID focused these days, the BEST place for authoritative news, discussion and interviews.
Oh yeah! Antoine Bechamp and the microzyma are ready for this! Bring it on!
These lectures are simply fascinating.
So which group would SARS-CoV-2 fall in the Baltimore classification?
Group IV if I have understood this correctly......
thank you so much, i’ve got yet another passion to add to the pile now.
More more more!! Thank you thank you for these lectures.
really like your style of lecturing. thank you
Question: At around 16:00 you show the 7 genome types, and you say that mRNA can't be made from single stranded DNA, that it has to be converted to double stranded DNA first. Is there some mechanical reason why that's true? I could get this scheme and understand things better if I knew why. Can you expand on this idea?
@The Illusionist🤔me
😎you
😊me
😏you
Thanks for a real answer
@The Illusionist Thanks for the explanation!
dr. good evening please kindly I want the book which I can review the lecture from it
than you very much
I am the alter ego de Juan Carlos, love this Virology course.
How do virus genome abundance distribute into the seven classes of viral genomes?
At ard. 30:30 you say that plus stranded RNA -viruses should be the dominant ones from human centric view. Did you mean plus stranded mRNA?
Because in the Baltimore scheme, +RNA viruses have to be converted into -RNA first.
Or, as I refactor it:
All have to be converted to -RNA (I suppose in double-stranded RNA ones, it's the -RNA component that gets read?), except where DNA is involved, there it has to complete first.
Did I miss something?
This is where I am finding it getting very complex to follow as a non scientist. Excellent content. Thanks
Don't feel bad it takes me about 10 hours to really digest the information. and I have to take notes and watch the lectures over and over and over again. The the book helps a lot to. Then when you go to class everything gets tied together
1:00:41 Does HIV or the other retrovirus require RdRP to replicate their genomic RNA? If so, when do the virus use it?
Learning is a joy, so thank you!
Amazing concept thanks from Turkey 😊😊
Many thanks for posting.
I'm left confused about a few things. Maybe I missed the answers or my questions make no sense, I don't know.
Why some + viral rna is directly translated by the cell and another +rna needs a mediator? What type of rna are we talking about in a virus m r or t?
Restudy the Baltimore system
Dr. Racaniello said in an earlier lecture that it’s really challenging to answer *why* questions, but I would guess that having a DNA intermediary has somehow been evolutionarily advantageous for retroviruses. Maybe having a DNA intermediary allows retroviruses like HIV to integrate into the host genome. We’ll probably learn more about it in a later lecture.
RNA+ is a bit tricky, as there are two paths, but no (known) virus has mRNA, it has to go through DNA or RNA-.
It looks here like -RNA has less steps to take than +RNA. Why in your "human view" as you put it is +RNA the best, as it looks like it has an extra step to go through here. Anyone?
I've looked this up, and the common message is that (+) sense RNA can serve as mRNA and can be directly translated into proteins by the host cell. But why the extra step in the Baltimore system? I don't know.
He did mention in the video that not all +RNA are mRNA...but if they can serve directly as mRNA, why are there steps in group IV of the Baltimore system to arrive from +RNA to mRNA? That's what's confusing me
I just found this extract for replication of flaviviruses (a +RNA virus): "Replication involves synthesis of negative sense RNA from the
positive sense genomic RNA, which then serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. Translation of viral mRNA leads to formation of a single polyprotein which is thencleaved into structural and non structural proteins."
So I guess that while +RNA 'can' serve directly as mRNA, mRNA is anyway synthesized during viral replication (which involves that extra step of synthesizing -RNA which is a template for mRNA synthesis). I hope I have this right?
U should post a test from last year online
Please can you explain the 2 ,3and 5 axis fold of icosahedral symetry
Are there any videos that you've done on influenza? I have a case study exam on it in January and my university lectures are not as clear as you are about virology 😅😂
Will alpha lipoid acid with acetyl l- carnitine work?
What are my circular dnas
I love these diagrams !!!
Why is there no double spaced/gapped RNA
Only commenting because I am also curious.
genius David Baltimore; Nobel Laureate for research that will help profound masses of people: "Hey remember me by this huge fish I caught"
Can a virus be engineered to be able to do everything it needs to replicate by itself?
thank you for your hard work!
professor, since we can synthesize pieces of overlapping oligonucleotides of coronavirus in the lab and after a couple of runs of PCR reaction, we will get some infectious virus particle, should we rule out the idea that this new virus is manmade?
This sounds crazy and resonates with current conspiracy theory , but given that the technology to do this is not that hard and we haven revived ancient virus and 1918 flu virus, in theory, this new virus could also be made via this way
Amazing good. My reverences.
Tiene libros en Español l
Maybe some of the viral genome diversity is the result of convergent evolution from organisms.
I thought the answer was always 'C'? 🙄😉😆
Are retroviruses confusing to
Anybody else
phenomenal
I thought they would be using crispr by now in virology to do genetic editing. It’s much cheaper and easier than using plasmids is it not?
Maybe people used to think proteins determined genetics because of their helical structure.
13:00 funny. The #7 goes thru Corona Queens.
Thanks!
"You see what I tell you is real!" lol. It is.
The reason why is evolution ... before anything RNA was already around ...
Arigato Senpai
Retroviruses are going to behave completely differently
Thanks!!!!!!!!!!
As long as you have the base pair sequence of the viruses DNA it is never really extinct and can be reintroduced with or without modifications that is a profound take away from this lecture
Hope god is not watching. His/her plot is being exposed. Thank you professor for trying to inform lay people. I am getting 30% of of you are saying . Good enough foe me.