The Birth of the Pharmaceutical Industry
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- Опубликовано: 12 сен 2024
- Earlier in the series we talked about how it was the artificial dye industry that gave way to the pharmaceutical industry in the latter half of the 19th century. Let's now examine the first large pharma companies to emerge, and the products they were manufacturing at that time. This will include Farbwerke Höchst, Bayer, and E. Merck, which put themselves on the map by producing drugs like antipyrine, novocaine, aspirin, and even heroin. How did this industry get off the ground? What impact did World War I have on this process? Let's discuss all this and more!
Script by Vittorio Farina
Animation by Cyrene Domogalla: cyrenedomogall...
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As a german pharmacy student (procrastinating right now :D) this is so entertaining! At the Philipps-Univerity of Marburg we actually do have a subject called "History of Pharmacy". But it never included the time during WW1. Thanks for the content!
haha Marburg is the only Uni with a Pharmacy history" class. In freiburg we only had a non mandatory class from a prof from Marburg. you can guess how well recieved a non mandatory class is in pharmacy.
“History of Pharmacy” is one of the mandatory lectures in all pharmacy colleges, here in Turkey. Also, it was my favorite to study...still learning about new stuff around the part of world pharmaceutical history such as the effect of WWII and the patent war. This video made me realized once again the heart of pharma industry beats in Germany. Long live the Paracelsus long live the science!
Bruder du bist nicht der einzige prokrastinierende Phramaziestudent der morgen ne Klausur schreibt haha
Viele Grüße aus Tübingen
Germans has such a great history of pharmacy, and their most favoured medicine is tea. How 🥴
@@berberbasi8546 not entirely. Artemisinin is derived from a Chinese herbal medicine that dates back 2000 years and has largely replaced other treatments as the parasite evolved resistance to quinolines. Those, also herbal originated and decidedly not European.
Modern pharmaceuticals manufacturing may have originated in Germany, but as usual, health is a global effort and few are unhappy for the help. ;)
I didn't watch all of the video. Something was missing from the timeline. John d Rockefeller! And the Flexner report!
Shhhhhhhh ! 🤫
Yeah where is this?
“As the dye business became saturated”
Never change professor Dave
Well, genetian violet certainly made itself known, but methylene blue really made its mark on the world that stays visible even today.
Ungh, that was awful... True, but awful.
Don't forget Bayer's greatest contribution to Germany... Zyclon B
Fck Bayer!!!
What has choice, to not change? Tie dyeing…
If this video piqued your interest, consider reading The Demon Under the Microscope by Thomas Hager. Great video as always, Dave and Vittorio
Brady, indeed Hager's book is coming up in the next episode!
This stuff is so good, I'm running out of superlatives to describe it. Huge thumbs up from a big fan, Professor Dave. The history on Merck was fascinating. I lived in (West) Germany for five years and was fortunate enough to go to Darmstadt in the early 1980s to visit the original Merck facility.
Update: Die Ossis sind inzwischen alle neonzis und verschwörungstheoretiker geworden. Also hat sich eigentlich nicht viel geändert seit deiner Zeit hier...
I love how you casually leave out the Flexnar report.
actually a great point, and definitely interesting from a medical anthropological pov
Indeed. The Rockerfeller Foundation too, which had a seismic impact on all western education, not just medical. I think the Rockerfellers and Carnegies were partners in crime and both were high level freemasons/imperialists.
Opinion...current pharmaceutical industry no longer interested in ethical practices or choosing safer drugs but are only interested in their new God money
Um, what is “god money”? Yes they are interested in money. All corporations are. Every single one.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains thank YOU! I always try to explain that to people who stare at me like I’m the devil himself when I tell them I want to work in the pharmaceutical industry in the future. Everyone seems to think that just because they do something helpful they are not allowed to have dollar signs in their eyes. I know there are a lot of things where they could improve (also ethically) but show me a big company that is not🙃
@@teddywellnessare u of jewish descent by any chance
I’m here because I like the way Professor Dave Explains
Glad you upload this content. You're a complete teacher.💯
- Pharmacy graduate
What is scope of pharmacy in india...i have been selected in mbbs and passed atku exam for b.pharma..everyone says go for mbbs...and i can do m.pharma in pharmacology from nipers after mbbs... I'm interested because of the money you get in pharma industry...
@@jackyjack9660 I'm currently pursuing my Masters in NIPER Hyderabad.
I would say, Choosing pharmacology should totally based upon your interest. There are doctors who earn alot than a NIPERian. If you're really interested in pharmacology, go and try your chances abroad, they give you better research exposure and money obviously
@@naveenchand8402 for what i know i have very little interest in making drugs but i have interest in neuroscience and neurosurgery...
But i can still study pharma...so what if i do mbbs and then masters in pharmacology from niper... having medical knowledge and understanding of pharmacology in deep would certainly pay you more in a pharma industry... because i feel I can't handle the pressure in pg...they work too hard...and i want a comfortable job... No hectic schedule but pays well .... I have no problem in sitting around for hours thinking about developing or finding something in pharmacology...
My neighbor is a doctor and also has phd biophysics degree from aiims Delhi...he is a neurologist... he's earning a good amount...and he told me he had offers from industry too but he opted for private practice...
Can you help me please...
@Harold Webb for me who has economic crisis.. Money is important... I have to support my family...
I mentioned I want not so hectic lifestyle like doctors... I'm interested in research... And as far I know pharma research pays you well than simply science research...
@@jackyjack9660 do mbbs if you want to serve people and earn lot money, do m.pharma if you are interested in research and earn less
“We will discuss the history of heroin later” lmao can’t wait!
I’m not even a pharmacy major. Just love watching Dave’s videos !
I don't study pharmacology but its so satisfying to watch these videos
Just to share that Hoechst has not disappeared: Hoechst and Rhône-Poulenc merged in 1999 forming Aventis. Aventis later merged with Sanofi and formed an existing giant Sanofi. Sanofi is a true product of numerous merger and acquisitions
Yep, Sanofi-Aventis will pop up a few more times later in the series.
My husband started his career with Hoechst-Roussel > Aventis > AgrEvo > Bayer without ever changing companies. He finally did change companies and now works for BASF. He’s an Ag scientist, though, not pharma.
Thank you for sharing knowledge which is more valuable than Gold. It's just one small town, across the world.
This is what we call a pro science move
I love that painting of the dudes getting absolutely shredded on whippits. Peak science right there, haha.
I just binged the whole playlist. Good info to be exposed to
Regularly Watch Your Video With Students, Many Thanks
Dave doesn't tell all and steers you away from the most important parts of history. He gives you enough to satisfy those that don't know about what really happened.
He knows that most who watch this, will think they just had a history lesson and have all the knowledge on the subject therefore,won't dig any further with research of their own to find, that Dave left most of the important parts out of his lil documentary. I wonder why? Maybe you should wonder why?
What did I miss, kiddo? Be specific.
@ProfessorDaveExplains The Flexner report of 1910 is a major part of "The Birth of the Pharmaceutical Industry."
A report on medical schools that have nothing to do with pharma, an industry that predates that report by many decades? Wow that was a ridiculous thing to say.
Thanks!
I know this is unrelated to the video, (i did watch it) but since the olympic games have started, i think it would be neat to have a video on the history of the olympics.
Paracelsus doses his chickens with ether and remarks that this could be super useful for surgery and then humans just party with it for a few centuries before Long and Morton independently use it for surgery, Crawford Long, a country doctor in Georgia i think, his friends came up to him and wanted nitrous but he didn’t have any, so he made them ether and they had so much fun they didn’t notice their cuts and bruises from stumbling around. this had occurred to doctors who attended “nitrous frolics” too, an earlier attempt by another doctor to use nitrous failed in demonstration a couple years before Morton did his demonstration iirc-
It’s funny though that it took so long, and like much else had independent discovery at nearly the same time.
Sorry for rambling this is awesome. I collect old pharma books. Out of curiosity, how does the process and labware Paracelsus used to make it compare to more modern methods?
AYO!!! great stuff dude!
As a iraqi pharmacist…..the first Pharmcy on the whole world it was in Iraq ….historically Mesopotamia (Iraq 🇮🇶)is the inventor of Pharma science and it have the first Rx
I believe Baghdad was mentioned in an early video, check parts 2-3 I think.
My Grandmother had Meniere's disease. A German Dr gave her pills that were made with arsenic in low doses. This was in the 1940s. My grandfather told her he didn't think she should take it, as those Germans are harsh with their treatments, he said. She finished the course of treatment. She suffered from this condition from 24 years old until 97 years. She never lost her hearing which you would have thought she would in 5 decades.
As an old pharmacist, I appreciate the content. We have paved the way. Sadly, it is ignored in the pharmacy curriculum.
Concise yet comprehensive history. Thanks for posting.
Comprehensive yet failing to mention literally the two BIGGEST things regarding the topic. The takeover of Western medicine by the Rockefellers and the Flexner Report.
@7:11, I almost chocked on my morning coffee. At the concotion of bayer aspin ingrediants of Urea... Golden...
Merek was establish in 1668, eh? Two years after the 1666 Three Crowns act and the Paris fires. 🤔 Interesting...
Mahalo to this channel for your efforts to share this info. It's help in research of another topic. 🤙
Good that the biggest pharmaceutical company from my hometown isn’t part of your presentation. Grünenthal has a bit of a blemished history, though they do have redeemed themselves to some extent.
Pumpkin Jay, the thalidomide story will get an episode all to itself...stay tuned.
@@vittoriof4871 Nice!
As a pharmacist student from jordan, I really enjoyed this 😍😍!
Big money could not be made from natural remedy's.
Nor big cures.
The Hoechst site looks a remarkable amount like the Rockwell Automation building in Milwaukee, WI.
Aspirin is not the largest pharma drug substance . Metformin and Paracetamol.aee consumed in much larger quantity globally . Both these drugs are in excess of 50000 tons a year .
Might be true, it's tough to get reliable numbers for paracetamol since it is OTC and produced under so many different names. Metformin is prescription so one can calculate from known number of patients, works out to 18-20k tons in the US so possibly over 50k worldwide. My source showed aspirin as #1 but who knows.
Enjoyed the video, but you missed the second largest German Pharma- Boehringer Ingelheim which is still a family business.
The purpose of the short video was not to mention every single major company. Quite a few of the large conglomerates, including companies that no longer exist, will pop up during the series, including BI.
I was raised in Germany and acetylsalicylic acid is the generic name. In the US that abbreviates to ASA. The German term for acid is “Säure” so the second A is replaced with another S.
Make of that what you will.
PS: In German the pronunciation of that acronym is like “fuss” without the f-sound.
You mean like us?
@@platzpropeller858 Like that. I just couldn’t come up with it. 😅
The US after WWI: We are now the leaders in pharma
Germany: Hold my schnitzel
Can’t believe Germany was the place of origin of the first pharmaceutical company in the 19th century and homeopathy in the 18th century.
Why not? They invented almost everything else. And we're brilliant philosophical authors and musical composers.
@@laveritaforza108nazi
Great stuff, interesting. Thx for yer videos. I’d like to see more on molecules used mainly for swerves maximus
this is a neat series, thanks so much
Thank you for this enlightenment
iam so lucky to have worked with Hoechst which turned into Aventis and later Sanofi Aventis and now its Sanofi .
Some men just want to watch the world learn
Awesome recap!
your german pronounciation is quite good
Pronunciation*
@@billyray9925 sorry my main language is german where words actually make sense
@Harold Webb i considered that he is a native english speaker i dont need you to explain to me how to speak german
@@qwerteria7366 Yes English is dumb, that's why people like me are here.
@Harold Webb Ze Chermans ar alzo wery bed viz Englisch....One does his best 😁
I realize that the "Face On Mars" woo is getting long in the tooth, since we currently have eight orbiters mapping every square meter of the Red Planet, but Face Guru Richard Hoagland lives still, and his silly yet widely believed woo still flows. Perhaps a deep dive would help.
Thank you.
They will never talk about the face on Mars. They will continue to deny its existence along with the pyramids next to it.
@@michaelfoulkes9502 Dear Michael.......seek help. Mental help, that is.
Loved this video!
Saint Barbara is still celebrated by Artillery units today.
Fascinating content. Keep on keepin' on, Dave
Thank You Sir!
great video, thanks so much
Great video sir!
I'm trying to find out where us drug manufacturers buy their opuim from. Is it Afghanistan? Or do they have their own opium fields? Anybody hnow?
What was the base of the synthetic molecules? Was it petroleum?
Small organic molecules. Depends on the synthesis.
Thank you...........
As an Indian Pharmacist and a future Pharmacologist I'm proud of the Pharmaceutical Industry 🇮🇳🙏
Excellent
Nice one 👍
great video
Wow good information 👍
Thank you 🙏
Your german pronunciation is really good
2:00 ...so, the world is a tablet?
I thought the thumbnail was a bacterial stain in a petri dish in black and white lol
When I was 13 they used Either on me & I got so sick when I woke up - it was horrible.
Molotovs and pregnancy have made leaps and bounds.
4:12
I know someone who lives directly next to the Industrial Park of Höchst and he confirmed me that this is a present picture
He also used to study Chemistry in Darmstadt (which is easy accessible via Train) and recognized Mercks building very fast
I can imagine that its quite an inspiration for a chemist like him to live near these historical places
They must have had stronger stuff in 650 BCE because I've never found hemp smoke to be strong enough for surgery
3:16
Better than nothing I suppose.
It isn't modern anesthetic but it's better than nothing
Cảm ơn Bạn đã chia sẻ,video rất hay,Năm mới vạn sự như ý,an khang thịnh vượng,phát tài nhé 💖=-.,-.,-.,-.,
Great 👌
I'm a pharmacy student❤
Modern anesthetics are so effective that a Russian doctor removed HIS OWN appendix, it happened in antarctic, it is commonly stated that he did it with no anesthetics but he actually did use a local anesthetic. As for weed being used as an anesthetic I am doubtful of it doing much good, maybe it dropping your blood pressure might make you pass out? Even that is questionable with modern strains let alone what they had 5,000 years ago.
Could you please upload video of Antibiotic revolution mentioned at the end of this video
It has to get made first, bud!
@@ProfessorDaveExplains Thanks 😊
The birth of evil
I love how modern meth labs mimic the old synthetic labs of tje 1800s
I miss when all drugs were legal so we didn’t have to depend on mega corporations to get treatment for basic illnesses
Those "mega corporations" are the ones that made all those drugs in the first place. Unless you are over 160 years old and are reminiscing about a time prior to the pharmaceutical industry.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains it’s possible to have nostalgia for a time you were never born in. I can still miss the Beatles being around even though I’m only 20 cause I grew up watching recordings of their shows. Same principle.
Professor Dave AKA the modern day Leonardo Da Vinci! What he doesn't know isn't worth knowing!!
It is understood cocaine is used in medical practices , it is one of the drugs that is in medical practices there are no issues with medical pratices .....America has a meth peoblem and opiod problem it is understood drugs can never totally despose of but it can be regulated for medical use or the many uses of the substains in big pharma.
As a person working on a masters in biochemistry, it is sad my job prospects are often with companies many people hate. Namely Bayer and Pfizer.
To be fair I appreciate your optimism, or faith, Bayer and Merck are the companies for the best, I can't even imagine how happy I'd be if I even got into an interview 🌟
👏🙂
Very interesting
Interesting
Great
Hello, sorry to bother, could we get an episod on Anthony William Please ? he is scamming a dear friend ...
Creating costumers...
What
Is it scientific to say that we settle into a new chemical equilibrium after medicine
Yes, it is scientific to say that when we take medicine, it can lead to a new chemical equilibrium within our body. Medications often contain chemicals that interact with our body's biochemical processes to achieve a desired therapeutic effect. This can involve altering the concentrations of specific molecules, enzymes, or receptors in the body to restore balance or address a medical condition. The concept of achieving a new chemical equilibrium is commonly used in pharmacology and medicine to explain how drugs work within the body.
ChatGPT ❤❤🎉🎉
can i make my own aspirin?
You could, but you shouldn't
What I learned from this, germany makes a lot of drugs.
3 of the 5 lab workers/researchers at 2:03 and 3:05 are Black. Hmm. And that was before quotas.
What does that even mean
It’s pronounced BAY-er. Not Buyer.
Not according to Germans. Like the Germans who started Bayer.
phenacetin? No Google search results
So... you don't know how to google things?
👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻
👍
8:16 all controversial figures in their time if you look them up. 🤔🤔🤔
So?
Please add Arabic language translation to the captions options.
9:13 just to be more accurate.. at that time, izRahEl did not exist :)
9:00 nice hebrew photo
What
@@keegan6388 look on the photo
Weird.
Now I finally understand the connection between the IG Farben and the Holocaust: first they dyed stuff for people, then people died from stuff **ba dum tss**
The real medicine is not drugs but the natural medicine created by God!
Actually watch this series, sweetie. I made it for you. Learn something.
Nah thanks. It was incomplete never included Rockefeller which really started this
@@deequi77 Right, it's "incomplete" because it didn't include the dumb lie you fell for on the internet. You're beyond hopeless.
Sisen tay tres COMMENTO (○C)
"a simple derivative" :rofl: