Enzyme Examples, Cofactors/Coenzymes, Inhibitors, and Feedback Inhibition
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- Опубликовано: 20 июл 2024
- Already watched the Amoeba Sisters first video on enzymes and ready to explore a little more? In this video, the Amoeba Sisters cover a few examples of enzymes in the human body before emphasizing that enzymes are found in all the domains of life - and even in viruses! The importance of cofactors and coenzymes are discussed before moving into competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors. Feedback inhibition is also briefly described.
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Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:05 Enzymes in the human body
3:00 Enzymes aren't just for humans
3:22 General enzyme review
3:48 Cofactors and Coenzymes
4:32 Competitive and Noncompetitive Inhibitors
5:40 Feedback Inhibition
6:40 Why does this content matter?
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Factual References:
Clark, Mary Ann, et al. “Enzymes - Biology 2e - OpenStax.” Openstax.org, 2018, openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/6-5-enzymes.
Zedalis, Julianne, and John Eggebrecht. “Enzymes - Biology for AP® Courses - OpenStax.” Openstax.org, 2018, openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/6-5-enzymes.
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Mayo Clinic. “What Do ACE Inhibitors Do for Heart Health?” Mayo Clinic, 2019, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/ace-inhibitors/art-20047480.
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FURTHER READING SUGGESTIONS:
Learn more about cofactors and coenzymes:
openstax.org/books/biology-2e...
Learn more about ACE Inhibitors:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NB...
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Hindi Subtitles Credit: Alisha Aggarwal
Spanish Subtitles Credit: Alena Goveas
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We like to pin important comments to address issues or clarifications in our videos. We promise the read is worth expanding! :) We greatly appreciate a commenter who revealed to us that there is an inconsistency in introductory biology sources for non-competitive inhibition. The peer-reviewed source we like to use as our main factual reference is Openstax where they have "In noncompetitive inhibition, an inhibitor molecule binds to the enzyme in a location other than the active site, called an allosteric site, but still manages to *prevent substrate binding* to the active site." Direct Link: openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/6-5-enzymes However, in the popular Biology "Campbell" book used by introductory biology courses, the 11th edition states that the substrate can *still bind* but the "active site functions much less effectively." So which is it? After looking at more sources and conversing with some science communicators online and in a biology group Pinky is in, what we are hearing is that while the non-competitive inhibitor alters the enzyme's conformation, sometimes the substrate *can* still bind - and sometimes the substrate *cannot* bind - it depends on the non-competitive inhibitor type and enzyme. Thus, focusing on the binding can be problematic since substrates may still bind so we have now included this sentence *"if the substrate still binds, the enzyme's active site might not function well. Or at all."*
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