The Two Paragraphs That Effectively Banned U.S.-China Space Cooperation | WSJ
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 27 сен 2024
- In 2011, Congress effectively banned the U.S. from working with China in space. The law is called the Wolf Amendment. Its goal was to prevent China and Chinese companies from stealing U.S. technology and also to put pressure on China over human rights abuses.
But today, the dynamics in space are changing. The International Space Station is set to retire in 2030. Meanwhile China’s space station, Tiangong, was just completed at the end of 2022. Both countries have plans to establish a presence on the same part of the moon in the next decade.
WSJ explains why that law was created and why whether it has hurt or helped the U.S. is a big debate in the space community.
Illustration: Madeline Marshall
News Explainers
Some days the high-speed news cycle can bring more questions than answers. WSJ’s news explainers break down the day's biggest stories into bite-size pieces to help you make sense of the news.
#NASA #China #WSJ
As a Chinese I absolutely thank to this Wolf man, He is a cornerstone of Chinese space industry
God Bless! Best wishes to China! 🇨🇳
Democracy refers to the manipulation of public opinion through the media to win elections. The main method of election is debate, and eloquence is very important. That most famous German was democratically elected. Western politicians are very eloquent, but they are also the most brazen and confounding black and white. Chinese people's eloquence is generally poor, and Chinese people focus on doing practical things.
😂
You want to work with Copy?
*EVEN* *ON* *EARTH* *they* *cross* *the* *sea* *to* *get* *some* *hack* *some* Technology
@@pjw3438An Austrian actually but never mind.
That’s why China has every reason and right to reject the request from USA!!
They are illegal requests. China cannot entertain illegal requests. 😂
There is no medicine for regret or foolly.
😂😂😂your country gets any opportunity it's given to steal tech and information.
@@comchadelalora你凭什么说他是某个特定国家的人，这是否合适？
No. US n China are real friend in the World. if u really learned Chinese history u will have different answer
So you won’t work with the Chinese when they need help, but beg cooperation when they achieve something😂😂😂 talk about double standards
The US have tons of it back in 1980. What happened to them?
Holyshit it smells like Nevada desert sands 😂😂😂
Double standard and shameless. Very very shameless...😂😂
@@纪思豪 Right on.
Don't yoi know US own the earth ... ??! 😮 They can do anything... Anything they want 😅 while others can't ... 😅because the others are just renters...😅😅😅
@@maanviss3840 it's called exceptionalism.
These two paragraphs single-handedly inspired China's independent and thriving space industry. Thanks to this legislature China's domestic space market has been effectively protected from foreign providers and collaboration, allowing domestic enterprises to fully mature every technical aspect of space exploration. Chinese people thank the US for such an amazing opportunity for their domestic industry
Same as US’s ban on huawei And Chinese chips development 🎉
The chinese people are fine, the chinese communist party, is what is bad. Duh
US sanction is like 'Gao Kao' for Chinese government. You can become world leader of you pass it 😜. Also wakeup Chinese people to self sufficiency.
-Thanks US, you have give precious lesson to them (China) and they won't forget it.
Now they have their own space station
@@Rex-ww4cw not that only India is also launching its space station upcoming years
What human rights wolfy talking about? No symapthy towards Palestinians civilian and children bombed by IDF with USA weapons.
The word human rights is always a phrase US use to cover up for the real reason - whatever that real reason is.
@@SK-lt1so
Funny when someone who had been brain.wsdhed talked proudly about things he had no idea of.
@@simonking3949
Tell me how I'm wrong?
Go ahead!
Funny, you CCP barkers never do that...🤔
@SK-It1so in case u don't know, The United Snakes leads the world in total number of people incarcerated, with more than 2 million prisoners nationwide (per data released in October 2021 by World Prison Brief). Moreover the incarceration rate of merika is also the highest in the world at 716 per 100,000 of the national population. While the United Snakes represents only 4.4 percent of the world's population, it houses around 22 percent of the world's prisoners. So yes, US is truely the largest prison on the planet lol.
@@ivybae9906
How does that beat the CCP 1.4 billion prisoners?
And the vast majority of them committed no crime-they just had the bad luck to be born under the CCP mafia regime. 🤷♂️
Next year, Huawei will say thank you to Trump for blacklisting Huawei. Now, there are still 3 percent of huawei spareparts need to be imported. next year, 100% will be locally made. even the software
Harmony next is just released!
American politicians talking about human rights abuses is so funny.
yes.even after killed millions in other countries.
I couldnt agree more. See what happened to the homeless at home.
USA = Biggest hypocrite in human history
And the "human rights* of the 1,400,000 Americans that went to the heaven due to the inappropriate handling of the pandemic.
@prankEmJohn killing millions means nothing to you?
It was good for China and thanks to that beast Wolffff For helping China to built It's own space industry by it self
Love China
Thanks US for making China great again!
Artificially slowing down human development, due to vested interests of the military industrial complex disguised as a fight for freedom, is just despicable
USA has no shame!
Actually, Shamelessness is a very highly cherished "virtue" in American political circles
They have a SuperEgo can't accept truth or defeat.
US politicians are encouraged and cheered on to be "thick skinned"! Shame is NOT a vocabulary in US politicians (and most of their Supreme Court justices).
The assumption is that Chinese cant do space Mr Wolf and their fellow congressmen got their faces slapped and dont want to admit😅
Ai Chip. EV. 5g
Ironically and poetically America has taught China to be self reliant and to be determined to succeed and achieve. Whatever reason behind, real or political, the initial humiliation has turned to motivation, to be strong and better than your adversaries.
When I hear Bill Nelson, I see stupidity.
He was quoted as saying the "Dark side" of the Moon is so dark that it was not worth going.
😂 Haha, this would be funny if he were not the head of NASA!
@@donhuang9855 No wonder I see a lot of people talking about dark side of the Moon on the internet.
it already had happened!
OIC, you haven't been acquainted with any of the others in the cabal at Capitol, yet?
And a year later, on June 4 2024, Chang'e-6 unfurled China's flag on the dark side of the moon, then lifted off brining back to Earth some moon rock souvenirs!
With Recent Conflict in Ukraine and Gaza, America has no right talk about Morale when they has no shame showing How their morale is double Standard
When Morale is in their interest Only
China will strictly abide by the Wolf Amendment. NASA, don't beg for the moon sample, or you would breach the amendment 😂
The WOLF Amendment - One mistaken step backward for NASA / US Congress, one giant set-back for Mankind.
One small paragraph for NASA, one giant step back for mankind.
Ohh yeah absolutely US cares a lot about human rights issues
Only when it suits the US government. Just like a costume they wear , when it comes to that it’s always about human rights and freedom when US feels like they are being “threatened “ or they are trying to steal resources from other countries
No it's Xi and China who are the one who care, I mean U.S has 20000000 Uyghurs in camps as prisoners + millions of forced labor.
well to be fair the US cares about human rights, as long as you aren´t chinese, vietnamese, black, latino, russian, a woman...
And Native American.
human rights, democracy and freedom of speech are the Tools that West used to block them from progressing and developing.
If your think Wolf was an idiot, there was a bigger fool out there in NASA: Bill Nelson.
They are both soon landed at Moon or Heaven. 🤣🤣🤣
He looks like Kenneth Copeland ranting and foaming in the mouth.
Yes, based on Nelson that the US dose not land in the far side of Moon because it is too dark to go there. LOL for a NASA administrator.
At least he don’t say he’s gonna landed on the Sun at night.
Wolf and Nelson both probably left over from operation paperclip where USA took in all of Natsee Germany scientists.
China should ignore these space gangsters.
So right spot on word “ bandit fit well too
Today, not only in space, US politicians are helping China grow faster than ever in all areas like tech, EV, AI, Infra, aviation, military , currency and etc
@sneakymove I pray that the USA doesn't help China in what the US does best and that's DEI, LGBTQRCXDTRGDVXZZ+++++++++, Trans Warp Drive, 2 Spirit, Non Binary/Ultra Diversity, Gender Studies/US Gender Super Spectrum Theory and other Kumbaya stuff.
Let the Americans keep their Hegemony in regard to 'touchy feely' inclusiveness/safe space doctrines and leave the inconsequential, boring, staid and dry STEM to the Chinese-this is a win win situation for both sides.
1 yr later to this story, and here we are looking at US being a complicit in a gaza genocide
This type of sanctions against China actually helps China developing own independent technologies.
Good for them, but don't help them.
Thinking any type of move (pro china or against china) only helps china is cheap and ignorant. China being isolated whose only "allies" are Pakistan and North Korea is bad no matter how you analyse the thing.
You must officially represent the CCP. No one who understands the international economy thinks isolation is good for a country.
So?
@@waynejohnson1786
Thanks for sharing your well informed opinion on this particular topic.
American politicians talking about morality kinda cracks me up.
Compared to China, yes, American politicians can talk morality. Besides the old USSR, I cannot think of another country that managed to butcher millions of its own citizens as China did. You don't have a problem with that? Does the US have a darkness? Yes. Slavery, the native Americans, Jim Crow laws, etc...were horrible, but they were just another Tuesday in China in the 1950's & 60's. And if the PRC has no problem killing their own citizens, what would they do to Americans?
Civil government is about civility (outward behavior). Morality is a religious term regarding internal motives. Governments can have moral people in them, but they can't make or enforce moral laws without joining church and state. And that's against the constitution.
Such A Long Video For A Single Word Racism .
❤well said and well REASONED.
US space agencies still work with their Japanese and Taiwanese counterpart, so it is not racism. Just good ol' anti-communist policy.
great comments so far
great comments so far
So true and well said!❤❤
Wolf may be a smart animal. But there are no comparison to human being.
Stupidity is the best excuse for a liar.
My father told me when i was little: 'Do not worry about to be used by ppl. You should always worry about being useless to others! ' And my 40+ years of life on earth have proved he is right! Too bad these politicians of US dont have a chinese father like mine.
I really love this wisdom. I am going to teach this to my children. If God willing to give me some.
Even in death we serve.
What a wisdom! Can’t say it better for the workplace.
Today the US feels sour because it’s falling behind in space tech and the wolf amendment effectively prevents US of getting benefits from China’s space advancement. 😂😂😂😂
Not only in Space, but in most areas!
Basically the USA has already lost.
It’s funny she said “wolf doesn’t represent unites states”. The new Wolf is EV tariff and chip ban, guess what’s gonna happen? Nelson is an embarrassment to NASA.
Frank Wolf will have his name given to a street in China for his contribution in making Tiangong space station a reality
There is a concept in chinese ancient astrology：Sha Po Lang
which means defeat and kill the wolf！😂😂
Well Done Wolf, now no far-side Lunar sample for the US
Two paragraphs that effectively created the Chinese space station
I love the fact that the US constantly puts China in an outsider/underdog position whether in space program or all aspects of technologies because this gives China a strong impetus to thrive.
Wolf was so short sighted, basically he gave China a chance to fully developed their own space technology. With China’s might in manufacturing, no a surprise if one day it could overtake US in space. It’s better for US to collaborate and lead in space programs.
Chinese chip industry would be totally wiped out if the US continue selling chips to China for another 10 years, ... now every factory in China needs to find a plan B， and chip manufactures business in China is booming。。。
I actually genuinely agree with you and finally some one who l found in the comment section that actually has a functioning brain for once and this world actually genuinely needs more people actually like you in this world @@hanfucolorful9656
u.s try to strangle things that chinese are good at..... maths, science, engineering
I guess separating mother from babies at the US border doesn't count as human right abuse in Frank Wolf's moral compass.
Guess you’ve never been to the border or lived there have you? I find it interesting that people would politicize such a topic without actually knowing what they are talking about.
He spoke in 1998, but yeah it's not correct behavior.
@@rickjames18 ignorant no limits seperated mom with her baby 🍼
@Colin Hogan the difference is that CCP doesnt pretend to operate under a moral guidence
There is never not a good time to bring that up. This nation traumatizes small children who don't have the capacity to harm, and protects animals which have actually chased, injured, or killed people.
The chinese remembers and never forgets, such as the chinese exclusion acts of 1882.
"not sure why Chinese go to dark side of the Moon", quote from NASA chief, well done NASA, all about human rights, nothing to do with science. 😁
No matter how evil human rights are if it serves America’s interests then it’s fine.
i’m glad the chinese don’t have the same human rights ideas as the US. which year does the US have not been in a war causing death and destruction?
Absolutely
Similar to how Americans vote and ignore international laws amongst thier own country TO national born citizens if it's supposedly profitable?
Exactly.
truly！
Wolf seems to be the one who accelerated China's advancement in this field. Kind of an egg on face moment... oops
Now with the semiconductors and chips.... But I predict the outcome for China will be the same ... Technological independence.
Western hypocrisy
Dont share the moon rock samples to USA when Chang’Er 6 return home on June 25
Old section.
China doesn't need your old space station anymore.
It is funny that Russia is allowed there.
Russia is not good partner for China, Russia was China parter in last 30 year because they don’t have choice that China should appreciate to US.
Cuz US does need the Soyuz to shuttle their astronauts. Starliner is too faulty to even function.
in 10 years time you'll be saying the same thing about the chinese semiconductor industry. American politicians make the same mistake over and over.
This is totally unilateral, and a form of bullying.
US foreign policies have always been dictatorial in substance; demanding that foreign governments abide by the US's self serving "Rule of Law", Democracy, Human Rights and Free Speech, but the USA itself behaved as a global bully and reserves the rights to "Exceptionalism" where international rule of law does not apply to the USA.
How exactly?
You should stop calling it an international space station and just call it a NATO space station. Or G7 or west space station.
Not until they kicked out the Russians from it.
China respects US laws alright
China has to thank the Wolf amendment for its advancement in space technology....
We very much think so actually
Indeed, US has always somehow inspired chinese scientists to build their own space technology with zero dependency on foreign countries in such annoying ways.
Lol !😂
No.
This isn't about some paragraph or law.
Everything is flexible and can be changed.
Exceptions are always made.
This isn't about principle.
This is all about superiority.
USA made that law to undermine all nations that it considered technologically inferior.
As soon as that changes, so is the stance of the USA.
Suddenly there is talks of cooperating with China.
Had China not became the Superpower, none of this would be happening.
These stop begging for moon soil from China.
US has big human rights issues too not only within US but also abroad.
One day in China's moon base maybe they'll name a broom closet after Wolfie.
A foolish law. Space program is more of humanity if USA n China or any other nations can work together. Thought Americans are brave to correct her mistakes n why not remove that stupid act.
China never came to you but you went to them.
How to prevent U.S and U.S armed forces from stealing CN technology？
The US and NASA. Sour grapes !!😢😢
But the usa was quick to apply to get a sample of the moon rock/soil from china
That law should be adopted into the chinese Constitution. It’s been the best boost to Chinese space program in its recent modern history
After semiconductor chip ban to china. Will see another china independent developed chip in next coming years. Jiayou China. Stay strong and keep developing no matter how much jealous and hatred the foreigner racist warmonger try to contain China 🇨🇳🇨🇳🇨🇳💪💪💪
I suppose, history is repeating with the chip sanctions and Chip Act.
My love, respect, and admiration for China grows every day! 🇨🇳
China promotes world peace, America promotes wars wherever they go.
Now they are regretting😅
Gee another version of “The Chinese Exclusion Act”. What else is new?
US doing the same with EV and battery technology. No wonder the Chinese are way ahead in many of the future battery tech such as LFP, Sodium ion and Solid State.
China should just distance themself from the US and work with Russia instead.
and in 2024 China is very successfully
Recently, the United States has also imposed sanctions on many fields and enterprises in China. Let's look back ten or twenty years later.
just boycott all American brands and kick them out of China.
USA forgets that the world wasn't about them
2025 on the Moon? Looking more like 2099
As the starliner is not functioning anymore and the astronauts in iss cannot return to earth anyway. Why not shoot the iss to the moon so the moon program is fulfilled in 2024 and they don’t have to worry about astronauts not coming back to earth any more.
Competition is good. Collaboration is only good when all parties are on the same level.
Well said.
Sounds like Marxism
The collaboration between China and the United States began when aliens attacked the United States
So Matt Damon is screwed😂😂😂
@mudshovel 289 I believe he's referring to how in the Martian, they used a Chinese spacecraft to resupply The Hermes, which wouldn't be possible according to the Wolf Amendment.
@@BradleyGao it is possible since 'the martian' was funded by chinese thru TSM entertainment. that's why they help to resupply the Hermes. no wolf amendment required. lol
Matt and his family will be screwed...
@MasteroMatter Those are the days the Chinese still look up to the US. But things have changed now. Whilst the Chinese preach collaboration, the US preach discrimination. Whilst the US struggles with domestic terrorism at home, the Chinese people enjoy peace and security. Whilst the US debt-based economy makes thousands to lose their jobs and thousands more to the street, China prospers.
now let's hear it from the Chinese perspective.
Too bad that perspective is banned in China.
It's censoredby the party.
On cooperation? The Chinese have always been open to international space cooperation. While they probably do have their own terms for said collaboration, there's no Chinese law preventing US-China space collaboration.
@@Sone418 True cooperation required openness and transparency which China is incapable of. They literally can't even allow their own people free access to information how are they supposed to cooperate with the outside world? 🤷🏾♂️
@@adlerzwei that may be, but I'm just providing the Chinese POV
Another item for China space station overcapacity?
it's not total ban!
CHINA: Hello Nasa
NASA: HI.
..
CHINA: Who is this??
Mr Wolf has started the next space race, honestly good job
He absolutely motivated China's space program and its determination to succeed alone. His spiritual successors are currently doing the same for the Chinese semiconductor industry.
@@duyataksis5210 Times have changed Wolf's positions are now held by the majority of the US establishment. If you think the semicon sector is something that can easily be "won", Then I suggest you go back to school. Unlike space tech which had non western competitors semicon's firmly under the aegis of western states you dont see leading edge technology nodes being built in china esp. not at scale.
@@alexanderphilip1809 How little you know. You're the one in sore need of an education - lucky for you, I'm here to provide it.
The CEO of ASML was just crying that if his machines are banned in China, then China will just come up with their own. He understands that the only thing slowing China's indigenization drive is that his company is dumping its scanners into China.
China already has a stockpile of Western DUVL machines and will soon introduce its own. Furthermore, it's also in the early stages of constructing its EUV prototype and that will be ready in a couple of years.
If anything, semiconductors are easier than space. China started from 0 in space and built its industry by itself. In semiconductors it's already starting from 80 and closing in on 100 extremely quickly. By 2030, China's semiconductor industry will dominate the world like it dominates in solar panels today.
Remember this moment when that day comes and US companies are filing for bankruptcy.
🤢🤮Frank Wolf is pure disgusting hypocrite creature;🤢🤮 He kept talking about morality & human rights while was sleeping on the same bed with the saudi royal mafia for years. 🤢🤮
@@alexanderphilip1809 He is a wumao. These are false prophets who claim to know the future but truly not.
When it get tough the tough get going. Thank you for making China strong and determine.
They are doing just fine without us.
Hard to swallow but it's true
I demand my military analyst have blue hair.
Interesting that the report left out a glaring question - what is US plan when their space station retire.
they will claim space station project is a waste of time and money. right now they are demonizing ev because they simply cant compete at that area.
@weichengcn Why concentrate on DEI, LGBTQDGCXRGTT+++++++ and Gender Spectrum of course
N.ow USA is begging Chinese counterpart to allow them to participate in the work in the space station, should China grant their pleads?
It's absurd to keep this tensions, especially with China, and about space. Fighting among huge nations only makes everyone more miserable.
No it will just make China miserable, If the total decoupling happens and it probably will, It certainly would have some effect on the west but they can manage as other countries will replace China as manufacturing hubs, the only country who is going to be poorer and miserable will be China, they will experience widespread poverty is China, they have 1.5 billion people to feed plus they need to create/keep jobs for all those people while losing trillions of export dollars,.
@jigil jigil keep dreaming. You think the rest of the world will sanction their largest trading partner just because America throws a trade temper tantrum?
@@JigilJigil thats right, the west is not the only countries that China can depend on.
@@JigilJigil
Tell me, why should Chinese people produce goods in exchange for worthless paper? Why don’t the Chinese have their own printer? When your enemy is making a mistake, don’t interrupt him... The Chinese can produce for themselves and the world, but not export to the United States... The Chinese market is much larger than the US market. In 2023, China sold 30 million cars, more than the total of the US, Europe, and Japan combined... China can use its own printer and share it with the Global South... Meanwhile, the US must offer real money to obtain resources and goods.
loser procedures: fear, isolate, ban, blind,
This law is good. China can now relax in their space stations while the rest of the world, excluding USA, can now learn beautiful Mandarin tin order to go to Chinese Space Station.
NASA says it won't work with China, but is does work with Taiwan. So, does NASA disagree with the "one China" policy? None of the space program would work without mocrochips made in Taiwan.
Chinese will praise Wolf for his contribution
to Chine space station!
To be frank there is no morality in USA parliament 😂
Human rights ? What Rights? Are you kidding. Who is still believing you ?
Never trust a person call himself Wolf.....
Some people should never have a say on science related matters. Good going Wolfie-boy... keep hand-cuffing progress.
Thank you Wolf for making China so advance in space now!
I think the Chinese should enact a similar law banning space exploration with US.
How can you call something the international space station if 1/5 of humanity is not invited?
ikr
Yes there is law ban NASA cooperate with China, but if China offers their research info with one kneel on the ground, and beg NASA to accept freely, that is not cooperation, then it will be OK. So, it's still Chinese fault.
International space station is like a old motel that is overcrowded and bunch of people that do not know how to housekeeping 😅. I wonder if any rat living there 😂. They are conducting how to live in a crowded dirty environment.
like the song, what doesn't kill you makes you stronger...lol
So in retaliation, China rejected the US application for joining space exploration via Tiangong Space Station, but China accepted at least 17 developing countries for its space program. Way to go China 🇨🇳 👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏
That’s not true! NASA demanded the CSS to use English and other ridiculous demands from the the Chinese space agency since the CSS is not complying the “international” space rules! Are you out of your mind?! 😂
hero for the developing world. IMF loans caused enough trouble
Not a retaliation, China literally just respect the US law!
This will just continue on. After China, there'll be another one.