AP World History UNIT 3 REVIEW-1450-1750
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- Опубликовано: 28 сен 2024
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In this video Heimler reviews Unit 3 of the AP World History Curriculum for you. The main idea during this period is this: how did land-based empires consolidate and legitimize their power from 1450-1750?
The main ways they did this were as follows: the establishment of bureaucracies, collecting taxes, and the use of religion, art, and monumental architecture. All of this was true for the Qing Dynasty, the Songhai Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Safavid Empire. All these gunpowder empires grew in roughly the same manner. The Aztec Empire was similar but didn't employ a bureaucracy to get things done. Rather, they employed a tribute system to maintain control.
Additionally, Heimler explains how religion can be both a unifying force (as in the Islamic Songhai Empire) and a dis-unifying force (as in Europe with the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestants in the Protestant Reformation).
All of this aligns with Unit 3 of the AP World History curriculum (topic 4). If you have any questions, leave them in the comments below.
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It feels oddly comfortable that almost everybody watching these videos are fellow sophomores preparing and stressing for the same tests and AP exam that I am.
test on thursday so un prepared
@@giannamemrick4838 same thing glad I’m not the only one
Fr
me who is a freshman
@@x-train8273 :skull:
My test is tomorrow, it is 1am, please send me all the vibes
Vibes sent.
Here are some more vibes
Excuse me 1am? Nah I’m sleeping 💀
Good luck
Test is in an hour, time to study!
Tell me why I've learned more from these 9 min videos than 5 months of a 50 min class.
I don’t know what to tell you...
literally
You are literally my saving grace right now 😂 I’ve retained little information through the year but this is truly so helpful that I’m so lucky to be watching you
ME TOO
sounds like you are seeing why school should be privatized. Socialism vs capitalism. Thomas Sowell also has alot of data on the subject as well.
My notes:
Land based empires often consolidated power by establishing bureaucracies (ex. Qing dynasty China’s civil service exams, Ottoman’s devshirme system, Songhai’s court rituals), with the exception of the Aztec Empire, who relied on a tribute system in which their subjects paid rulers goods, allowing them to rule indirectly.
Also, empires collected taxes.
- Mughal bureaucrats called “zamindars” collected taxes based on land ownership or production
- In the Ottoman Empire, tax farmers were sent, rather than government bureaucrats
- Aztec tribute states had specific lists of what kind of goods to give, like slaves or maize.
Eurasian empires relied on gunpowder weapons for their strength and to intimidate. While those in the Americas did not have gunpowder, they had their own methods of demonstrating power (like human sacrifices).
Land based empires often had fierce and loyal militaries (ex. Ottoman Janissaries)
Legitimization of power:
1. Religion
- Islamic rulers took on title of “caliph” to show they were successors of Muhammad
- European rulers claimed Divine Right of Kings (representatives of God)
- Songhai rulers in Africa converted to Islam
Religious conflicts:
- Protestant Reformation
- Ottoman (Sunni Muslims) vs Safavid (Shia Muslims)
2. Art
- Chinese Qing Dynasty + European art
depicting rulers in positive ways
3. Monumental architecture (large buildings as a display of power and wealth)
- Taj Mahal in India
- Palace of Versailles in France
thank you sm 🙏🏽
i think i love you
i love you😭
@@rnisy2728 i love you too
@@earlgreymilktae omg thank you so much this helps a lot!!!!
Who waited last minute to study for the test tomorrow
Me lol
me
I like to watch these in my free time before I start on my homework for the unit 😅
yea lol
also my teacher used this channel to show us vids hopefully he doesn’t see me if he does hi 👋
It’s a sin that this man doesn’t get more views, keep it up!
Well, thanks... I don't hold their sins against them. Glad to have the people in the community that are already here...
Steve Heimler he should buy an indulgence
The real sin here is that 1 dislike that someone left. Seriously who does that? These videos are so helpful.
@@diegovillagran4372 Probably just missed the like button.
@@diegovillagran4372 They hate the subject, like me.
my test is tmr and all I gotta say is, you're saving my life and my grades 🥺💙
Edit: I got a 90 on my test and that's my 1st A in the class 💅
period 👑
Wow, not even a 91
@@tyngouamo7067 I think you mean 100
As someone who has their exam on Thursday and missed 2 months worth of class at the end of the first semester, god bless you for making these 🫡
Hang in there, you got this exam. Coming from someone who doesn’t study till the last minute
guys, this is easy. We just need a quite low score to get a 3 which is passing. We got it.
My ap teacher did the calculations and you can literally miss half the multiple choice questions and a few on the other sections and still get a 4
did u pass
YOOO YOUR PROFIL PIC IS SO COOL also I hope you did amazing
Anyone here this year???
Right here (I’m cooked)
yeah we’re definitely done for 😭
We’re all in the same boat man,good luck to you all 😭😭
this man is so much better than Crash Course, go ahead and @ me
Aw shucks. I won’t @ you...
Your definitely right because I can actually learn stuff from Heimler and Crash Course just overwhelmes wou with a bunch of information at once.
BA BANANa!!!
Akhil Velagapudi OMG SO TRUE
Well that's because this is specifically geared towards the AP course. Crash Course is more general.
OMG MY TEST FOR THIS UNIT IS TOMORROW!! I was waiting for this all week. Saved my life!!
Did you pass the test?
I have my WHAP midterm tomorrow, time to watch like all your videos 7 times.
How'd it go?
Steve Heimler Felt like it went ok 😬 let you know when the grades get posted
Bruh actually same I must have watched every one of Heimler's videos four times and I bet my neighbors are all wondering why I keep yelling YAM
How’d it go?
WAP
Notes:
Empires:
Land based empires gained and maintained power by consolidating power and legitimate power, which means I'm in charge and let me show you how I'm in charge.
Centralized bureaucracy, china did by using the civil service exam for people who wanted to work in the burearchy, ottoman used devshirme system, where they enslaved poor Christian boys for southern Europe and the Balkans and made serve in their military and their bureaucracy. These boys received a thorough education, once educated the some joined janissaries, an elite force of army, and some of them became bureaucratic workers and some of those rose to the highest ranks of the government.
Songhai rulers controlled their power in three ways, controlling trade routes, alliances, and military expansion. They made sure Kings were looked upon so greatly to show who’s in charge.
The Aztec Empire relied on centralized power, they used a tribute system, this meant that the conquered people owed certain goods to the conquers on a daily basis.
Taxes:
Land based empires relied on collecting taxes by; Mughal used zamindars to collect, ottoman used taxed farming, tax farmers collect goods from different places. Aztec used Human sacrifice. Taxes supported giant military complexes.
Eurasian relied on gunpowder to secure intimidation. The Americas didn't have gunpowder but were still fierce.
Military:
Ottoman used devshirme system Christian boys as slaves, Safavids had the gulam’s who were fiercely loyal to the shah. Aztec also had an elite squad of soldiers made up of enslaved people. (Blood tax to tribute states)
Religion:
Islamic empires gave themselves the title, caliph which indicated their were successors to Muhammad. European kings and rulers embraced the doctrine of the divine right of, which means they’re carrying out God's will. Songhai rulers and nobles in Africa all converted to Islam.
Religious Conflict:
Split through Catholics and protestants, so European kingdoms had to pick which one they wanted to be, led to bitter disputes.
Ottoman and Safavid conflict, both Muslim but not the same kind, Ottoman were Sunni and Safavid were Shi’a
Art:
Officials in China’s Qing dynasty, had portraits of their emperors and high officials which made people who walked past them to think about them which legitimize their power.
Europe rulers took care to patronize artists as well.
Monumental Architecture:
Mughal empire Shah Jahan commissioned the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife but it's super extra so it makes people think he was great, in charge and rich.
Louie the 14th also did this in France when he built the palace at Versailles again. He did this to send a message to people to legitimize power of the guy who lives there, he also had all the nobility living there with them so he could keep tabs on what they’re doing.
poor kevin
this is so sad. 1 like= 1 RIP for kevin
Yikes
@Thomas Marinaro lmao
He died?
actually why do these slay so hard i’ve been a crash course die hard for like all of this class but my mock ap is in a few days and this is so well organized for reviewing like the comparisons are so helpful for writing responses!!
I love how so many of us all have our test tomorrow on this
Good morning everyone. I want to cry
Studying for the first time in my car 15 minutes before my test 😍
Good luck tomorrow everyone who reads this
all connors, lets do great
@@connormckevitt31 and konnors too; stay strong yall
Man's helping me learn stuff in time for my final tomorrow. I truly appreciate the time and effort as well as the jokes you make along the way to make us chuckle and stay connected to the video. My current teacher doesn't really do this well and kinda just goes over PowerPoint slides. So again, thank you very much, I appreciate it a lot. Stay safe.
bro same. good luck
same
Me watching this 30 min before my exam:
👁👄👁
So glad I'm not alone
Procrastination gang
u got a dc
nigga
sma
Me watching this during my exam:
The fact that I know most of this info shows that I have a great AP world teacher thanks Mr. Legget!
Notes for myself!!
consolidating and legitimizing pwr
“Im in charge and lemme show you how im in charge”
Centralizing a bureaucracy - gov ppl
Qing Dynasty (Manchurian) (1664) reintroducing civil service exam - everyone believes and thinks the same (Ming Dynasty last native Chinese Dynasty)
Ottomans consolidated pwr w the Devshirme system - poor christian boys enslaved 2 serve military and bureaucracy
- very well educated ; some joined the Janissaries - bureaucratic workers
Songhai Empire- controlling trade routes, alliances and military expansion
- court rituals to represent pwr
EXCEPTION - Aztecs
- Tribute system - collecting goods from conquered ppls
COLLECTING TAXES
- land-based empires relied on taxes
Mughals had Zamindars - collected taxes based on land holdings or production
Ottomans had tax farming
TAX FARMERS
- collected more than set tax for themselves
Aztecs - had lists based on what goods they wanted from conquered states
(ppl to sacrifice)
Eurasian empires relied on gunpowder weapons to secure pwr w intimidation
Americas didnt have gunpowder but still feared
Elite Group of soldiers
Ottomans - janissaries
Safavids - Ghulams (extremely loyal)
Aztecs - elite squad - blood tax
Legitimize power
- religion, art, and architecture
Islamic emperors took on the titles Caliph which meant that they were legitimate successors to Mohammad
Europe - Rulers used the Divine Right of Kings
Songhai - everyone converted to Islam
Protestant Reformation - challenged the corrupt practices of the Catholic Church - Catholic or Protestant, kingdoms had to decide
Ottoman-Safavid conflict - diff Muslims, Sunni and Shi’a Islam - both thought each other were heretics
Qing Dynasty commissioned portraits of emperors and high officials to represent pwr
-Europe 2
Monumental Architecture
- Shah Jahan in the Mughal Empire commissioned Taj Mahal for his deceased wife
- Palace at Versailles (King Louis) sends a message to the ppl , all the nobility living with him so they can’t challenge his pwr
My test is in 2 hours and 8 minutes and I'm trying to learn 700 years worth of ✨history✨
so howd u do
@@jcjvjvkkvkvvkh I'm also interested
How did it go bro?
My test is today so I'm very happy to see this 😌
Good luck!
olivia e how did you do
I'm watching all these videos for my AP exam tomorrow. Good luck to those who are taking it.
How did it go?
@@WilliamSundvor I did surprising good. I was not as prepared but I got a 3
Y’all also studying for unit 3 and unit 8 in case it’s in the DBQ this year 😅
You, sir, are the next Khan Academy!
Prompt: Evaluate the extent to which you learned from Heimler's History (compared to other videos and resources):
Answer: What kind of question is this? I watched this video and now I can literally teach you world history, so sit down!
No, but seriously, I never learned so much, nor developed so many neurons, connections, engagement, and in-depth and complete understanding of World History to such extent which neither Crash Course, my textbook, nor any other the 10+ more resources I can list reached! So with that said, please keep up your history videos! And in return, I'll address you as THE (thee) Mr. Heimler. No wonder you got the name to spell out history :). Thanks!
Panic studying for my exam in an 2 hours 💀
have my test in an hour 🙏 good luck guys
Listening to this in 1.5x speed 10 mins before a test
Cramming last minute and i learned more in this vid than like 50 hrs of class
cramming for ap testing next thursday is the vibe :)
How did it go and was it easy??
I know its like 5 months later lol
KateMae it went really well! haha. i ended up getting a 4 :)
@@kaidencepanchecho3348 Congratulations and thank you 😊
Anyone else's teachers making us watch these and fill out review sheets?
I'm not complaining btw, I wish we could have just done these all year.
When people are predicting that this is going to be the unit for the 2023 WHAP DBQ...
My exam is tommorow and so is my review project for world history.... I can't wait
Good luck to class of 2025 and the upcoming AP world exam!
i was gone for all of unit 3 and watched your videos and got a 47/55 which is better than what i got for units 1&2 which i was there for. you’re a beast steve. keep up the great content!
Dang. That's legit! Nice work...
I watch your videos every night before I have a quiz or test. Thank you for making them, the videos really help.
Glad to hear they’re helping. I shall keep making them for you...
Shout outs to anyone taking there AP test within 6 hours of me posting this comment. We all know what you are doing here, LATE NIGHT CRAMMING. Hell yeah, best way to study
Facts
me rn- 😭😭😭
Yall i got a test for units 3 and 4 tomorrow. its 3 am. wish me and my comrades luck for tmr 😭😭
howd u do
@@monikalyu not bad a 40/46
my test is tomorrow and i am so scared
Ur gonna do great :)
@@kodachromeraccoon5448 i’m so stressed 😓
Same, but don’t worry. We will get through this and hopefully pass
@@miraclewolf2760 my teacher wasn’t really the greatest and now i have no go and take the test tomorrow which i’m not confident in at all 🤦🏼♂️
@@rylanoneill3640 me too bro, but it’s gonna be a-ok! Then when it’s done you can go home and get some ice cream, I know i’m gonna lmao
lol just starting my ap test binge
LMAO same
Heard that tomorrow’s exam may possibly have this unit as the DBQ soooo I’m back 😬
who said that cuz omg that would be amazing
@@spencerkernz6.594 students and my APWH teacher were watching Heimler’s review live streams, and they were talking about it in class today^^ according to them, it’s just an assumption based on previous tests, but they for sure said unit 1 and 2 wouldn’t be it because college board already announced that.
Thank you for always including jokes in your videos. Sometimes it makes all the difference for a student who's deciding whether to give up or go foward. :)
I have my AP world midterm tomorrow, watching all of your review videos in hope that I will actually pass...
Good luck!
My test on this unit is tmrw... super stressed. We’ve taken so many notes I have like over 30 pages full of notes and I don’t particularly know what to study. Super helpful video you are my hero
GOODLUCK EVERYONE !
To everyone who has the test tomorrow, you got this, good luck!
Thanks, good luck to you too!
Aight, how'd y'all do?
@@emmanuelgeorge i did terrible on the SAQs, but good on the rest
who else is unprepared😏😏
Heimler really out here helping me while I’m stressing about my ap exam Tomorrow
Good luck tomorrow to everyone who reads this!
watching this genuinely 13 mins before the exam
Oh my goodness this is amazing. Studying for my LEQ tomorrow! Thank you!!!
Good luck!
Steve Heimler thank you!
Good luck today you all got this
exam at 2:00 checkkkk
certified procrastinator right here ☝🏽
rip
This is the first and only time I've ever heard a teacher say "Swag ain't gon pay for itself"
I have a final tonight for AP and its on edgenuity and im so scared but i love u heimler
the test is in 2 days and im binge watching heimlers history...wow
Good luck on the exam!
literally me
You thats me rn
@@studded8054 lol same 2 days to go!
@@iamyourfathernamjoon7202 its tomorrow panic time?
thx for making all these reviews my exam is tmr wish me luck
My AP exam is legit in 1 hour... idk if I studied enough
I haven’t done anything all year. I’m screwed. GOOD LUCK
Here we go boys the test is tomorrow
Welp, my test is in 2 hours.
Today is Saturday, test Thursday. Best of luck to my fellow WHAP students
I have not studied at all… cramming last minute ☺️
@@Jagged-Dust-Jacket Same
my test is tomorrow morning and i’m cramming 🙃
Me too, best of luck bestie
@@nene498 good luck to you as well!!
My favorite part of these videos is when I watch it before I learn it and I know nothing, then before the test when I know everything he’s saying. A great feeling
Its 4 am and my APWH test is tm your explanations make so much sense you are literally God on Earth
This was absolutely perfect, helped me with everything
Love it
Bless these videos in helping me study for the AP exam
my teacher gave my class a study guide with all SAQ in it before 1 day of the test. He said all we need for the test is here, so how can i do it with my brain was blank but luckily you are here.
Thank you for your video, this was helpful.
goodluck on ur tests everybody
Hey Heimler, don't mind me cramming rn...
u are a Godsend. currently doing ur ultimate review packet for the exam in 2 days! wish me luck 😃
Good luck my fellow students
My test is in exactly 1 month!!!
Putting this on higher speed so I can soak in all the info faster
I’m not gonna lie. AP World History is the death of me.
No way... I got you
My pea brain has to put these videos in .75 speed so I can comprehend all the knowledge. AP exam this week so I’m currently cramming. Yay
Sky Cookies I did the same thing. I have like 30 pages of notes from units 1-6 from his videos haha
I got a 20% thanks
my exam starts in an hour, haven't done anything in two months, these are so good THANK YOU
your videos help me bring my test grades from a 64 to a 93 with ONE VIDEO !!!! THANK YOU SM
Dang! That’s awesome... well done!
my ap test is in 3 hours send good vibes
who else had their test tomorrow >>
Me, 8 hours left
my AP test in in 1 hour and 20 minutes and I am scared, but Heimler is giving me some confidence
anyone else cramming for their test tomorrow?
Right here- I’m just watching review videos on loop 🧍
Watching this an hr before my test...
Not me watching these videos 45 minutes before my test please pray for meeee 😭😭
Lmaooo, I have mine in 14 minutes 🥲
im doing the same thing😭
@@supermariogrl126 my test starts in 17 minutes I’m so scared 😂😂
@Shaun Karani lolll I definitely got a 3 or a 4 which I’m happy about
On another note, the tribute system was pretty simplified but well explained. Another way to explain it is that the capital (Tenochtitlan) would have allies around them or the outskirts of the capital. They had enemy tribes as well. The allies would pay the Aztecs in exchange for mainly protection against the enemy tribes. The enemy tribes no longer felt like they could take those areas as they were protected by the Aztecs who were viewed as brutal and skilled warriors. The allies would pay, as you said, goods and humans, but they would not offer their own humans! The only humans who would get exchanged were that of enemy tribes. Never the allies people or the Aztec people unless prisoners or something of the sort. They would also exchange some currency which was cacao beans (they had religious value) and sometimes their own children in exchange for services (although not often, as Aztecs thought their children were very important and usually only the poor would do that). I hope this helped in any way to anyone who would want to know more about the Aztec tribute system.
The College Board announcing who got a 5 on the AP Test
Me: 4:04
i have my test in 6 hours and here i am😀😀
@Aimee Castro bestie it was hard but the leq was so easy
thank you so much for keeping your videos up to date!! keep posting because i have a test over this tmmr and need more videos from you to help me for next chapter :)))
you are awesome steve!!
RIP Kevin c. 1450- 1750, moment of silence for poor Kevin
*1450-1750?* What mystical planet is this?
help my test is in 8 hours
Heimler, I bet your shoulders are very sore from carrying us through AP World History and APUSH! 😳 But we are eternally grateful 😊
THANK YOU DEAR HEIMLER!
My AP world history midterm is tomorrow and these videos help my class and i understand this subject so much better, thank you 😭
My AP Classes love you!!! Thank you for all of your help!
I love them back...
Unit test is literally later today, thanks
Good luck!
Steve Heimler ok I took it and literally nothing was about the land based empires. BUT what was about land based empires I was really sure on. But most of it was like super specific stuff about Martin Luther, Peter the Great, John Calvin which we literally started last class we which is really stupid but thank you for the video it was really helpful sorry I couldn’t put it to more use
Sam Halligan can i ask how it was? i have my monday aka tomorrow
Fozzy 11 if you have the same test I did then most of the test will be about Russia, European religions, some land based empires, but I would say definitely study up on european religion because everything in this video describes the land based empires very well but didn’t cover John Calvin, Martin Luther, and european empires very well so I would say definitely read up on those
I have midterms tomorrow and if I didn't have these videos I would be so lost. Keep it up, they are super helpful!
2x speed gang
Pov: your ap world history test is coming up once break is done and you haven't finished the digital notebook that you were given and had to use to take notes on so now you're trying to study