Hypothesis testing: step-by-step, p-value, t-test for difference of two means - Statistics Help

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  • Опубликовано: 21 авг 2024
  • This entertaining video works step-by-step through a hypothesis test, using the difference of two means as an example. Helen wishes to know whether giving away free stickers will increase her chocolate sales.
    There are five steps:
    0:25 Hypotheses
    1:27 Significance Level
    1:47 Sample
    1:54 p-value
    2:00 Decide
    This is a companion video for "Understanding the p-value". • P-value in statistics:...
    The same data is analysed in "Two means t-test in Excel" • Two means t-test in Ex...
    To find out what it means for a result to be statistically significant see Understanding Statistical Significance: • Understanding Statisti...
    For explanation about paired data see: • Paired samples and ind...
    And for analysis of paired data see: • Two means t-test in Ex...
    See creativemaths.... for all of Dr Nic's videos organised by topic.
    #DrNicStats #Statistics

Комментарии • 230

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  11 лет назад +160

    You can thank my son for the subversive elements and anime influence. We think viewing the videos several times helps with the learning, and making it entertaining helps.

    • @smeekshakoundal734
      @smeekshakoundal734 4 года назад +5

      you are amazing . thanks

    • @axcel2727
      @axcel2727 3 года назад +5

      lol used hypothesis testing for his video to teach hypothesis testing
      BRILLIANT

    • @mareenabowman7495
      @mareenabowman7495 2 года назад +2

      He did a great job!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад +1

      @@mareenabowman7495 Indeed he did. Here is a link to his Patreon if you are interested in seeing more of his work. www.patreon.com/Suede

    • @cookiduhh8601
      @cookiduhh8601 2 года назад +2

      this is so funny for me, i love it! and great informative video thank you :D

  • @kingsleyseow4715
    @kingsleyseow4715 4 года назад +29

    I'm crying. I thought I could've never understood this until I came across this video. Thank you Dr. Nic!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад +4

      I am so glad I could help. I hope my other videos also help you out.

    • @shohelnetworld811
      @shohelnetworld811 3 года назад

      Asslamualaikum.Good morning/afternoon/evening..
      chat.whatsapp.com/KZhh35wHlNJIt4INfdPkau
      In this group I will share all kinds of research Materials without any cost.If you think It's need for you.You can join this group.you can share your materials for helping others.helping others its the main purpose of the study.spread your knowledge in the whole world.
      I believe God is one Allah.
      Allah likes to help others.
      we have some experts who know better analyse.If need we will provide contact number.
      You share this link difference groups and also in Social media.
      You can send me ur email to get research slides..only slides.. We provide free...
      Part 2....
      🌴🌴🌴
      God is one.. Allah.we must obey one God..
      Allah is Almighty..
      We will die one day..the world will be finished one..but akhirat means die after day not will be finished.
      We should follow the quran..
      The Quran is the best Book in the world.
      Dont ignore its..

  • @Ynn0025
    @Ynn0025 8 лет назад +29

    You are an angel! I almost die understanding this subject but then you came! Thank you soooooooooooooooooooo muchhhhhh, God bless :))))

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  9 лет назад

    Alex Delarge
    Because your comment is "linked" I cannot reply to it specifically, so here is your reply in the general stream. You are correct - this video is designed to be part of a statistics course, along with teacher input. X-bar is the sample mean. Statistical significance means that we have evidence that the effect we see in the sample is also in the population. Alpha is the level of significance - the proportion of time we are okwith being wrong if we reject the null hypothesis. Myu is the population mean and x-bar is the sample mean. The p-value is the probability of getting a result as extreme as this if the null hypothesis is true. You could watch our video, understanding the p-value, to get a better idea of what a p-value is. And Understanding Confidence intervals gives an idea of what sampling is all about. Maybe even buy our app - AtMyPace statistics.

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  11 лет назад +6

    The full version is little more than the cost of a cup of coffee! We are trying to make a living doing this. Go on - help us keep providing great materials by buying us a cup of coffee and a cupcake (that is buy the full version!)

  • @sulisueeeeee0553
    @sulisueeeeee0553 2 года назад +3

    8 years old but this video is still amazing

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад +1

      I'm happy to hear that. One day I will update them, but for now they are still serving a useful purpose.

  • @jacquelineo3748
    @jacquelineo3748 3 года назад +3

    OMG I've been working on this for TWO DAYS! This video explained what I needed to know perfectly! Wow, I'm so thankful for this.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад +1

      That is great to hear.

  • @haylie7931
    @haylie7931 Год назад +1

    Bless you and your family, still helping after a decade! Loved the mew too

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      Thanks. We enjoy helping

  • @peace5003
    @peace5003 6 лет назад +3

    Even great lecturerers fail to explain hypothesis..thanks for making it crystal clear..

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  11 лет назад +1

    Hi Faiz
    This is meant to support people in statistics courses who might be having difficulty. If you are interested in learning statistics from the start, maybe you could buy our app and work through the concepts from the beginning. Or watch the playlist in order? This is not the first in the series.

  • @hermanfs164
    @hermanfs164 6 лет назад +7

    This is the best explanation I ever seen understanding this topic. Many thanks!

  • @Chadillac12
    @Chadillac12 9 лет назад +9

    These are extremely helpful. I'm taking a graduate level statistics course online and refer to these to explain difficult concepts. I also love the fact that you referenced Pokemon in the video. :)

  • @lad812
    @lad812 11 лет назад +10

    I love your videos and I understand how much effort it takes to create them. Thanks for sharing publicly!

  • @sigmabishop5212
    @sigmabishop5212 5 лет назад +17

    3:53. She actually showed a pic of Pokemon mew. Done for the day.

  • @Soundforsoul88
    @Soundforsoul88 4 года назад +2

    Knowledge and humor combined, what could be better than this? :))))

  • @dumbfoxmedia
    @dumbfoxmedia 8 лет назад +17

    That Death Note reference tho... 10 outta 10.

  • @sriracha2009
    @sriracha2009 12 лет назад +4

    I love how you used Mew. Great sense of humour and educational video! thanks!

  • @26MbtD
    @26MbtD 2 года назад +1

    it's amazing to see how smart humans can be. amazing explanation doctor Nic. thoroughly enjoyed your teaching.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад

      Thank you kindly!

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  12 лет назад

    At present there are just the twelve videos. The one about choosing which test to use covers regression and chi-sq to a certain degree. We've done regression in two videos. We also have an online course which has little quizzes to go with each of the videos. You can find it at our site.

  • @xFersureMatt
    @xFersureMatt 10 лет назад +91

    HAHAH was I the only one to the see "mew" pokemon?! that's how I'd love to be taught.. is in correlation to pokemon (:

    • @turbotek6242
      @turbotek6242 9 лет назад +9

      mew 2!

    • @shohelnetworld811
      @shohelnetworld811 3 года назад

      Asslamualaikum.Good morning/afternoon/evening..
      chat.whatsapp.com/KZhh35wHlNJIt4INfdPkau
      In this group I will share all kinds of research Materials without any cost.If you think It's need for you.You can join this group.you can share your materials for helping others.helping others its the main purpose of the study.spread your knowledge in the whole world.
      I believe God is one Allah.
      Allah likes to help others.
      we have some experts who know better analyse.If need we will provide contact number.
      You share this link difference groups and also in Social media.
      You can send me ur email to get research slides..only slides.. We provide free...
      Part 2....
      🌴🌴🌴
      God is one.. Allah.we must obey one God..
      Allah is Almighty..
      We will die one day..the world will be finished one..but akhirat means die after day not will be finished.
      We should follow the quran..
      The Quran is the best Book in the world.
      Dont ignore its..

  • @katiethepossum6788
    @katiethepossum6788 2 года назад +1

    Thank you so much I am a first year in Psychology and the humour really helped me understand this better

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад

      I'm so glad! Some people think the humour is distracting, so it's good to hear it helped. My son did the editing of this one and he has a great sense of humour.

  • @GingerSpider01
    @GingerSpider01 6 лет назад +5

    Great video and explanation! but... I sear to god you drew Mello from the show Death note, and the fact you used chocolate for the character is even better! XD

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  6 лет назад +3

      I can neither confirm nor deny the borrowing of Mello. ;)

  • @vaishalivignesh3963
    @vaishalivignesh3963 3 года назад +5

    Thank you for this Dr. Nic! It was extremely articulate and clear. It was really helpful as well :)))

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      Glad it was helpful! I found it helped my students to have a clear structure.

  • @H2Kzer0
    @H2Kzer0 10 лет назад +1

    Subliminal Pokemon was a good touch. Lol!

  • @Crowmeo
    @Crowmeo 8 лет назад +18

    I have got to try some Choconutties.

  • @taisaichan9568
    @taisaichan9568 Год назад

    This video really helped understand the subject. Thank you so much Dr Nic!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      Happy to hear it

  • @chonniw6971
    @chonniw6971 8 лет назад +6

    Aww Mew just makes the whole idea of statistics better ahahaha

  • @hnofclbrips
    @hnofclbrips 4 года назад +5

    Thats actually Mello from DeathNote with the chocolate, nice reference :D

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад +2

      Maybe...

  • @louisakouzapas5094
    @louisakouzapas5094 Год назад

    Thank you for making this very helpful video series with examples!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      You're very welcome!

  • @mgh_munich8305
    @mgh_munich8305 7 лет назад +1

    I love the cartoons and the humour that comes with it! :D Great video!

  • @charlottebrown6815
    @charlottebrown6815 Год назад

    A life saver for my assignment, thank you

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      Pleased to hear it

  • @wenyichu3486
    @wenyichu3486 7 лет назад +2

    Thank you so much for sharing this- I am a total new beginner in this!

  • @nooretauheed8665
    @nooretauheed8665 5 лет назад +18

    6:47
    P is low, Null must go.. 😂 😂 😂

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  5 лет назад +1

      I didn't think of it, but it is such a useful little rhyme.

  • @GiveIt2AY13
    @GiveIt2AY13 11 лет назад

    i think im falling in love with those who made this great video

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  11 лет назад

    Glad to hear it. We have an iPhone app, AtMyPace:Statistics. And an on-line course for Year 13 NZ Statistics students at the statistics learning centre.

  • @momomoro1989
    @momomoro1989 6 месяцев назад

    Thanks a bunch!! The explanation is top notch! :)))

  • @dh92dh
    @dh92dh 9 лет назад +3

    Thank you soooo much for this. Really helpfull. This is the way to teach.

  • @JamesSCavenaugh
    @JamesSCavenaugh 10 лет назад +1

    Fisher's significance testing and Neyman-Pearson hypothesis testing have been combined into a bastardized hybrid which is pervasive in science. This video is a good explanation of the bastardized testing of which neither Fisher nor Neyman nor Pearson would have approved. Space is too short to point out the flaws in this video, so I suggest that you do a search on "Fisher's significance test vs. Neyman-Pearson hypothesis test" and follow the links.

  • @LeKhang98
    @LeKhang98 2 года назад

    Haha your son's comic style is funny I love it. And thank you for your video. Very informative and easy to understand to newbies like me.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад +1

      Glad you enjoyed it! He IS funny.

  • @matthewdavies408
    @matthewdavies408 9 лет назад

    I don't normally comment on videos but this really helped thank you!

  • @tamarelouw
    @tamarelouw 4 года назад

    Really enjoyed this, it gave me the insight into two tailed tests and why it was important. A Wits student studying second year Economics

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад

      Glad it was helpful!

  • @azar8538
    @azar8538 6 лет назад +1

    Thank you very much. Your work is much appreciated.

  • @nurulainsufinabintimohamad1702
    @nurulainsufinabintimohamad1702 3 года назад

    Thank you very much! Online lectures nowdays were tough , glad I found your video

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      Glad it helped!

  • @statzsinger
    @statzsinger 12 лет назад

    I have been sharing the link with my research methods students since finding this video. It is fun and helpful. Thank you!

  • @allisonfernandez7941
    @allisonfernandez7941 10 лет назад +3

    Great explanation- thanks!!

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  11 лет назад

    Thanks Sarah D. I'm happy you like it. We would love it if you would use the "Rate my app" on the app as we are seriously short of reviews.

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  12 лет назад

    @MrBattyyy Thanks - we do our best. Tell your friends!

  • @tg-us3hw
    @tg-us3hw 2 года назад +1

    imagine paying £30k for degree just to end up learning this from a 7 min video from 2011

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      That's funny

  • @inv8890
    @inv8890 4 года назад +1

    I saw what happened at 3:51. hahahahahahahahahaha you are so cute and nice. Lots of love for explaining the concept so clearly, and in such a soothing voice with a clear English accent. Relief...

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад +1

      Thanks. It is a team effort, with my son providing some of the laughs. NZ accent.

  • @umaralhajiabubakar4869
    @umaralhajiabubakar4869 5 лет назад +1

    Nice, the steps were made easier. Thanks

  • @yambemtenjings3538
    @yambemtenjings3538 4 года назад +1

    simple and excellent and useful
    ...love from Manipur

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад

      Thank you for your kind words. I think some stats teachers make things more complicated than they need to be.

  • @dr.gv.alvinpremsonpremson8621
    @dr.gv.alvinpremsonpremson8621 2 года назад

    Dr.G.VENKATASALAM
    Roll No: 32
    Very useful session. It shows that how to teach in effective manner. Thank you.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад

      Thanks and welcome

  • @ishiitapal
    @ishiitapal 3 года назад

    thankyou for the explaination

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      You are welcome

  • @kanchithakkar8471
    @kanchithakkar8471 Год назад

    Thanks a lot. Extremely helpful

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      Glad it helped!

  • @morticianspuppet
    @morticianspuppet 8 лет назад

    NO WAY! HAHA I ADORE THE REFERENCE!

  • @vishnu8899
    @vishnu8899 2 года назад

    Wow this is so awesome and holistic! Thank you Dr.Nic....Will def recommend the channel to others

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад

      Glad to hear it. Thanks

  • @thechristianhuey
    @thechristianhuey 12 лет назад

    Well done. I'm a graduate student about to take my exit exam in research methods. I wish I had seen this a year ago.

  • @DrJack55
    @DrJack55 12 лет назад

    This video is excellent. I'm in a introductory statistics class and the book used by the instructor is useless and confusing. Thanks for the help!

  • @shamshers5008
    @shamshers5008 4 года назад +1

    Great as video. I am happy now i know this finally. 👍👍👍👍 Thank you.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад

      Glad it was helpful!

  • @anniechen6593
    @anniechen6593 9 лет назад +1

    Thank you for the video!!!so easy to comprehend!!!!

  • @Vikermajit
    @Vikermajit 8 лет назад +1

    Brilliant video presentation on a complex and important topic. Thanks a lot and god bless.

  • @kameroncarter6426
    @kameroncarter6426 3 года назад

    Almost spit out my drink when I saw that Pokemon, what a blast from the past lol

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      It's a pretty old video, and my editor is a pokemon fan. Happy to provide a little levity.

  • @otiebrown9999
    @otiebrown9999 6 лет назад +1

    Excellent:
    Null & and alternative.

  • @ucheezeneche731
    @ucheezeneche731 5 лет назад +1

    EXCELLENT. Thank you so much

  • @blahblahblah4226
    @blahblahblah4226 2 года назад

    the video is old, but to the point and well organized!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад

      That's the aim!

  • @hihi135100
    @hihi135100 6 лет назад +1

    Amazing videos, thanks for all the help :)

  • @madscimag
    @madscimag 11 лет назад +1

    This was amazing! Thank you!

  • @loraimamartino1813
    @loraimamartino1813 3 года назад

    You are amazing.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      Aww. That is so sweet. I’m really happy I could help.

  • @fernandol3421
    @fernandol3421 8 лет назад +1

    Charming and helpful video
    Excited to see Mew, yes I noticed.

  • @CheyenneNL
    @CheyenneNL 10 лет назад

    Thank you very much for this video. It helped a lot.

  • @Ian-ei3jy
    @Ian-ei3jy 10 лет назад

    Great Mew referance

  • @maielwakil5997
    @maielwakil5997 10 лет назад +1

    Thanks! Very clearly

  • @ragadomary
    @ragadomary 9 лет назад +1

    thaanks

  • @williammorris1
    @williammorris1 12 лет назад

    Thank you! This has helped a lot!

  • @tiffanie401
    @tiffanie401 11 лет назад

    Well put together video. I'm looking to begin making such videos for my students and this was very inspiring. Thank you.

  • @DrNic
    @DrNic  11 лет назад

    Most other stats vids are North American males, so I like to be different. Not much choice really - I've talked like this all my life. Yes New Zealand, though I do add a little more R at times.

  • @noordeeb333
    @noordeeb333 7 лет назад

    Thank you Dr. Nic!

  • @cbmiller1774
    @cbmiller1774 8 лет назад

    Very helpful with my statistics class and these concepts. Please talk a little slower though, for those of us taking notes. Thank you so much!

  • @mohammedamayri2237
    @mohammedamayri2237 2 года назад

    The Pokemon joke 😂

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  2 года назад

      Yep - an oldie but a goodie. You'll remember the parameter for a mean now.

  • @ausernamewasrequired
    @ausernamewasrequired 9 лет назад

    excellent video, very helpful!

  • @MrBattyyy
    @MrBattyyy 12 лет назад

    Nice Presentation ...Well Explained

  • @kalustat9975
    @kalustat9975 3 года назад

    Very useful for my studing

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      Glad it was helpful!

  • @0174d3
    @0174d3 12 лет назад

    Yeh I agree the pictures are very clever and hilarious, great job :)

  • @caribemama
    @caribemama Год назад

    I am as confused as I was before watching this video!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  Год назад

      Sorry to hear that. Maybe watch a few others in the series and see what happens.

  • @kaiorafael429
    @kaiorafael429 10 лет назад +13

    Just a tip: slowdown with your explanation even with help of other features (cartoons). It is a lot of math to put together in a fast video (7 min), specially if you are studying this subject for the first time. Thanks anyway.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  10 лет назад +28

      Hi Kaio. We know that the videos go fast, and this is a conscious decision. If you find them fast, you can pause and go back and stop and think and control the pace yourself. If we make them slow, it is very difficult for people to speed them up, and it can get boring and tedious. Generally people watch them more than once as well, as we pack a fair bit into one little video! Thanks for your concern.

    • @genicesilva2741
      @genicesilva2741 7 лет назад

      Kaio Rafael

  • @alinaqvi1864
    @alinaqvi1864 11 лет назад

    Excellent and brilliant videos. Still hate the statistics but these video are helping me survive. How n where to get the full version.

  • @boxiangwang
    @boxiangwang 3 года назад

    It is really good. I appreciate your sharing.

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      I'm glad you like it. I like that it is helping people.

  • @JoyJoy-jv7ss
    @JoyJoy-jv7ss 10 лет назад

    Great explanation:)

  • @lauracarrillo884
    @lauracarrillo884 9 лет назад

    OMG I can´t believe I finally got this , thank you so much!!!

  • @spfaff
    @spfaff 10 лет назад

    I like how this video is entertaining at least. Stats puts me to sleep.

  • @bonitachica786
    @bonitachica786 11 лет назад

    Fantastic videos!!! And app!!

  • @faiziiiiii
    @faiziiiiii 11 лет назад

    It's good for people who have some idea about stat. What about a common mans guide here???

  • @ehababdulburalfakhory801
    @ehababdulburalfakhory801 12 лет назад

    thank you very much for your explain

  • @kubrab.akkaya6340
    @kubrab.akkaya6340 3 года назад

    Why I did not find your channel before? 😭

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад

      My sympathy. Hopefully it can still be useful now. Do tell your friends.

  • @yanpinghuang8154
    @yanpinghuang8154 9 лет назад

    thanks.

  • @davidday1829
    @davidday1829 4 года назад

    great. Now I want some choco-nutties

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад

      I know!

  • @lindseyyan8671
    @lindseyyan8671 4 года назад

    Thank you so much for providing this videos!! Love them!! I got questions on 1 tail vs 2 tail test. 1) how to determine if 1 tail or 2 tail test should be used? 2) when doing 1 tail test, should significant level be changed? (from 0.05 to 0.025?) 3) Is it possible that p(1 tail) < 0.05 or 0.025 but p(2 tail) > 0.05? If so, what decision should be made? Many thanks!!

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  4 года назад

      You are welcome. When you have an idea of which way the result occurs, you use one-way. In the video, understanding the p-value, Helen is only concerned if the choconutties have too few nuts. This is a one-way test. The p-value for a 2-tail test is exactly twice that for the 1-tail test so you do not change the significance level. 3. Yes that is entirely possible and you will need to think about the context when drawing any conclusions.

  • @mandeep3.14
    @mandeep3.14 3 года назад

    this was entertaining 👌

    • @DrNic
      @DrNic  3 года назад +1

      Glad to hear it. I think it helps learning if things are a bit funny.

  • @KarlaKiper
    @KarlaKiper 8 лет назад

    Thanks for sharing!

  • @in2itiv2
    @in2itiv2 11 лет назад

    Thanks! Very clearly ...and interestingly stated!