Coughing seems a lot easier to do than to explain. Holy cow! I can see now why the main ingredient in Robitussin is Dextromethorphan. Thankfully, I haven't had to use Robitussin in quite some time, but I do recall experiencing some of the side-effects that Professor Dave describes. Very information, Professor Dave. Nice work, as always!
I recently caught a viral throat infection and was surprised to see that I was still able to develop nightly dry caugh despite using ungodly amounts of Kratom (physical dependence). What helped in the end was lots of mallow tea, liquorice and other sources of mucilage that can form a protective film, aswell as saponines.
I'm just going to be honest with you while kratom does have a number of analogous proteins to opiates they aren't the same they act by different Pathways it does stimulate some of the opiate ones why it can help opiate addiction.
@@borttorbbq2556 It's not proteins, it's alkaloids. Kratom does produce its effects by agonist action on µ and antagonist action at δ and ĸ opioid receptors, aswell as many other sites (mixed agonist-antagonist action at serotonin, noradrenalin and dopamine receptors, likely also weak mAch, AMPA and NMDA antagonism). What makes its pharmacologically active substances different to regular opioids is that the agonist action on µ is partial (there is a ceiling effect, Emax is between 35% and 65% relative to DAMGO for the different compounds) and biased (beta-arrestin recruitment doesn't happen much, hence reduced tolerance development and less respiratory depression). Kratom is able to to cause physical and mental dependence, including withdrawls when abruptly stopping use. These phenomena are orders of magnitude less severe than with full, non-biased opioids though. So thanks, no need to be honest. I'm studying pharmacology.
Probably not a good thing, but I use ungodly amounts of Kratom too. I swear I have a physical and mental addiction to it. I'm not wanting to stop completely, but I think I did better when I drank a cup of it in the mornings only, not 5-6 cups a day. 🫤
@@markiefufu Ive been addicted to oxycodone for a few years now, kratom never really did much in terms of withdrawal, how do you prepare the tea? I'd love to give it another go
I’m a very curious person and love to learn about pharmacology. I was recently prescribed Codeine for recurring cough + exacerbated asthma, after 20 days of nothing else working. I have to say it’s a miracle! It works wonders and allows me to sleep. I’m done with it and my cough hasn’t come back. (Had antibiotics prescribed as well). I’ve had opioids in the past and have no issues with them, since I use them as prescribed only. I know that’s not always the case, but it’s important to remark that as long as you’re careful and use your prescriptions as intended, they’re a good tool. Thankfully my doctors trust me and I trust them to have my best interests at heart.
Dave just a few notes about the pharmacology of DXM. It's no longer called the sigma opioid receptor but instead the sigma receptor. Specifically, it binds to and agonizes sigma1 subtype. This receptor isn't a GPCR, but instead it's a chaperone that sits on the ER of mitochondria. While you're correct that it's a glutamate receptor antagonist, blocking the opening of NMDARs, it's actually a non-competitive antagonist for NMDARs. It doesn't bind directly to the orthosteric glutamate site, but instead the PCP site in the center of the channel. It's best described as a plug of the channel. You can actually observe the pharmacophore of PCP in dextromethorphan. The antitussive activity of DXM is most likely due to its non-competitive NMDAR antagonism.
Where codeine combo helped to calm a bothersome cough, the DXM combo miserably failed to touch even the fringe. It is my considered opinion that pharmacology turns its full concentration on a very effective antitussive akin to opioid in action minus addictive disposition. This area still remains ineffectively explored !
Can you tell me why these drugs often contain lactose. I recently had broomhexine and codeïne and both contained it. My intestines can’t cope with lactose. Broomhexine make the slime layer in your lungs less viscous so you don’t need to cough to get rid of it.
Lactose is one of the best fillers (inactive ingredients) as it is often inert and does not react with other ingredients in the medicine. In pharmacy, you will see most medicine to be filled with lactose, or otherwise your drug will be too concentrated.
@@taylorteehungpiao4814 it’s a disaster for people with lactose intolerance, certainly if they have several medications. Depending on the rate of intolerance, the total amount of lactose then reaches the threshold and they get diarrhea, intestines pumped up with gas etc.
@@palantir135I mean I have lactose intolerance and it doesn’t stop me from taking any of these medications… Are you absolutely positive you’ll have a terrible reaction to any drug containing lactose? Try experimenting.
@@DkDT-no9rf yes, positive. I can only tolerate very very low concentrations of lactose. You know that cheese contains lactose but the amount decreases the older the cheese gets. I can only eat the ‘Old’ variety I found out because that contains zero lactose.
We need more flat earth/evolution debates! I thoroughly enjoy watching you demolish their arguments, and them dancing around every answer and question your throw at them lol
Dave -your teaching of mechanism of action is superb- however mechanism of action is level 3 evidence. Rcts. Are number one. Despite the best and correct physiology when trialed they do not work. This has happened countless times in my medical career. Physiology and pharmacology are good places to start but when you put them to trial the opposite happens often. For example years ago a lipid agent decreased cholesterol by 25%. Good. Decreased heart attack good. BUT increased total mortality learning the physiology is important but the mechanism leads to many physicians astray. Largest evidence based medicine think tanks do not recommend cough suppressants
@@mikek4025 Will do, thank you! In some countries, recreational use of this substance has been observed. Seems like high doses (around the 500mg mark) have deliriant and stimulating properties. Other papers suggested that it also acts on the cannabinoid receptors, but there's no hard evidence yet. Also, it's not even an NSAID in the usual sense, since it doesn't inhibit COX1/2. Super fascinating IMO.
well, good timing on that one in the middle of the flue season, been coughing up a storm here and tried staying at home and masked, hopefully i won't propagate it too much ...
Awash in a sea of ignorant people who equate masking with emasculation....I just wanted to say thank you for just staying home and trying to get better. What I used to take for granted (people NOT trying to get other folks sick just because...) now seems to be a luxury, and it makes me very sad. Cheers, and get well soon!
@@gundymetre7571 Just basic sedation. I also took my Adderall around an hour ago, I already feel that levo hitting me because my increased heart rate. Not one day goes by that I don't take something, I want it to remain this way until my end ;p
Yeah yeah yeah - blah blah blah - if you want to stop coughing, just give him a dose of Paregoric and send him to bed - lol Man, 52 years on and I can still taste that horrible stuff - lol
@@tshkrel you are correct. Tours sells nonsense and Dave uses science. Not the same level at all. Tours is despicable. He uses his education to sell his fantasy to those who don't know better.
@@tshkrelNoticed how no one responded to you. That’s how little you matter. The only reason I responded was because I honestly felt bad for you. But after this reply, it’ll be the last time anyone pays you any attention.
I was watching this to understand dxm and nmda and i understood it all very well and learned a lot :) then i realized "oh hey this is the guy that made matt walsh butthurt" hahahaha God, matt walsh is a very convincing but pseudo intellectual
Hey, I was wondering if there is a playlist on things that cover the different time periods of Earth life ( it has a name but I forgot ). If not, it would be interesting to see one!
@@tshkrel from Wikipedia: The Institute for Creation Research is a Creationist apologetics institute in Dallas, Texas, that specializes in media promotion of pseudoscientific creation science and interpretation of the Genesis creation narrative as a historical event. Sorry. You just gave bad advice.
Coughing seems a lot easier to do than to explain. Holy cow! I can see now why the main ingredient in Robitussin is Dextromethorphan. Thankfully, I haven't had to use Robitussin in quite some time, but I do recall experiencing some of the side-effects that Professor Dave describes. Very information, Professor Dave. Nice work, as always!
You know, I love your debunking content, but I also love your normal stuff. Keep up the good work!
reading from a script, isnt good work :)
@@QuethLevibruh ignoring all tha editing and writing
I recently caught a viral throat infection and was surprised to see that I was still able to develop nightly dry caugh despite using ungodly amounts of Kratom (physical dependence). What helped in the end was lots of mallow tea, liquorice and other sources of mucilage that can form a protective film, aswell as saponines.
I'm just going to be honest with you while kratom does have a number of analogous proteins to opiates they aren't the same they act by different Pathways it does stimulate some of the opiate ones why it can help opiate addiction.
@@borttorbbq2556 It's not proteins, it's alkaloids. Kratom does produce its effects by agonist action on µ and antagonist action at δ and ĸ opioid receptors, aswell as many other sites (mixed agonist-antagonist action at serotonin, noradrenalin and dopamine receptors, likely also weak mAch, AMPA and NMDA antagonism).
What makes its pharmacologically active substances different to regular opioids is that the agonist action on µ is partial (there is a ceiling effect, Emax is between 35% and 65% relative to DAMGO for the different compounds) and biased (beta-arrestin recruitment doesn't happen much, hence reduced tolerance development and less respiratory depression).
Kratom is able to to cause physical and mental dependence, including withdrawls when abruptly stopping use. These phenomena are orders of magnitude less severe than with full, non-biased opioids though.
So thanks, no need to be honest. I'm studying pharmacology.
Probably not a good thing, but I use ungodly amounts of Kratom too. I swear I have a physical and mental addiction to it. I'm not wanting to stop completely, but I think I did better when I drank a cup of it in the mornings only, not 5-6 cups a day. 🫤
@@markiefufu Ive been addicted to oxycodone for a few years now, kratom never really did much in terms of withdrawal, how do you prepare the tea? I'd love to give it another go
Kratom is only a partial m opioid agonist. 30 mg dextromethorphan usually works wonders for my coughs.
As always anticipating future videos with lots of enthusiasm.
I’m a very curious person and love to learn about pharmacology. I was recently prescribed Codeine for recurring cough + exacerbated asthma, after 20 days of nothing else working. I have to say it’s a miracle! It works wonders and allows me to sleep. I’m done with it and my cough hasn’t come back. (Had antibiotics prescribed as well). I’ve had opioids in the past and have no issues with them, since I use them as prescribed only. I know that’s not always the case, but it’s important to remark that as long as you’re careful and use your prescriptions as intended, they’re a good tool. Thankfully my doctors trust me and I trust them to have my best interests at heart.
Dave just a few notes about the pharmacology of DXM. It's no longer called the sigma opioid receptor but instead the sigma receptor. Specifically, it binds to and agonizes sigma1 subtype. This receptor isn't a GPCR, but instead it's a chaperone that sits on the ER of mitochondria. While you're correct that it's a glutamate receptor antagonist, blocking the opening of NMDARs, it's actually a non-competitive antagonist for NMDARs. It doesn't bind directly to the orthosteric glutamate site, but instead the PCP site in the center of the channel. It's best described as a plug of the channel. You can actually observe the pharmacophore of PCP in dextromethorphan. The antitussive activity of DXM is most likely due to its non-competitive NMDAR antagonism.
Any videos about psychedelics like DMT, LSD, and Psylocibin and how three target serotonin receptors?
Yep I will get to those
Poor response to anti tussives should call for re evaluation of other causes of cough such as tuberculosis and bordetella
Thank you 💫
I'm interested in learning about the pathways from mu opioid receptors, will you ever come back to this?
Can you cover the mandlebrot set?
but codeine is not optimal because it is only a pro drug and some people have no effect while others are prone to overdose
Yes totally right, although it’s better than the other opioid drugs which have much higher risk of side effects - resp depression and addiction
What if a MF wants to get fucked up when they are sick?!? Kinda changes your whole attitude about being sick
Where codeine combo helped to calm a bothersome cough, the DXM combo miserably failed to touch even the fringe. It is my considered opinion that pharmacology turns its full concentration on a very effective antitussive akin to opioid in action minus addictive disposition. This area still remains ineffectively explored !
Can you tell me why these drugs often contain lactose.
I recently had broomhexine and codeïne and both contained it. My intestines can’t cope with lactose.
Broomhexine make the slime layer in your lungs less viscous so you don’t need to cough to get rid of it.
Lactose is one of the best fillers (inactive ingredients) as it is often inert and does not react with other ingredients in the medicine. In pharmacy, you will see most medicine to be filled with lactose, or otherwise your drug will be too concentrated.
@@taylorteehungpiao4814 it’s a disaster for people with lactose intolerance, certainly if they have several medications. Depending on the rate of intolerance, the total amount of lactose then reaches the threshold and they get diarrhea, intestines pumped up with gas etc.
@@palantir135I mean I have lactose intolerance and it doesn’t stop me from taking any of these medications… Are you absolutely positive you’ll have a terrible reaction to any drug containing lactose? Try experimenting.
@@DkDT-no9rf yes, positive. I can only tolerate very very low concentrations of lactose.
You know that cheese contains lactose but the amount decreases the older the cheese gets. I can only eat the ‘Old’ variety I found out because that contains zero lactose.
Thanks
We need more flat earth/evolution debates! I thoroughly enjoy watching you demolish their arguments, and them dancing around every answer and question your throw at them lol
Have you seen Flat Out Truth. Maybe you will find the answers you're not looking for there.
what about levodropizine, and Ambroxol
Dave -your teaching of mechanism of action is superb- however mechanism of action is level 3 evidence. Rcts. Are number one. Despite the best and correct physiology when trialed they do not work. This has happened countless times in my medical career. Physiology and pharmacology are good places to start but when you put them to trial the opposite happens often. For example years ago a lipid agent decreased cholesterol by 25%. Good. Decreased heart attack good. BUT increased total mortality learning the physiology is important but the mechanism leads to many physicians astray. Largest evidence based medicine think tanks do not recommend cough suppressants
i once drank an entire bottle of dayquil tryna trip but i just stayed up all night watching better call saul
gotta try again using triple c's!
Please don’t use syrups with added shit again haha
Thank you for the video! Benzydamine would have been worth mentioning IMO.
You should check out the NSAID tutorial! I think this drug has a relatively unclear pharmacology beyond it’s NSAID function but good note
@@mikek4025 Will do, thank you! In some countries, recreational use of this substance has been observed. Seems like high doses (around the 500mg mark) have deliriant and stimulating properties.
Other papers suggested that it also acts on the cannabinoid receptors, but there's no hard evidence yet.
Also, it's not even an NSAID in the usual sense, since it doesn't inhibit COX1/2. Super fascinating IMO.
Debate witsit gets it on a fair platform!!
I offered to. He declined because he’s scared. Ok little boy? Go bother him instead.
well, good timing on that one in the middle of the flue season, been coughing up a storm here and tried staying at home and masked, hopefully i won't propagate it too much ...
I cough for months after corona, that is the worst part of it.
Awash in a sea of ignorant people who equate masking with emasculation....I just wanted to say thank you for just staying home and trying to get better. What I used to take for granted (people NOT trying to get other folks sick just because...) now seems to be a luxury, and it makes me very sad. Cheers, and get well soon!
@@AsmodeusMictian human are just jerks sometimes, and sometimes they are just forced to go work :/ so yeah, you are shamefully right, thanks bunches !
i CAN'T STOP COUGHING, GONNA TAKE 200 MG DEXTROMETHORPHAN
How was the trip?
@@gundymetre7571 Just basic sedation. I also took my Adderall around an hour ago, I already feel that levo hitting me because my increased heart rate. Not one day goes by that I don't take something, I want it to remain this way until my end ;p
Yeah
Seems like a lot of people are being led astray.
Id love to know you better, thats if you dont mind
@Tracy ann by day I watch you tube. What else you wanna know?
@@tommyheron464 I’m originally from VA but currently living with my aunt here In Mississippi. Where are you from?
@@tommyheron464 hi how are you doing and what have you been up to these days.
You forget butamirate dihydrogen citrate
watching this high on dxm
Yeah yeah yeah - blah blah blah - if you want to stop coughing, just give him a dose of Paregoric and send him to bed - lol Man, 52 years on and I can still taste that horrible stuff - lol
You should go get your phd
Not relevant to my career path.
So, you just read from a textbook.
No, I read from scripts written by a pharmacologist. Did you have a problem with that, sweetie?
Plumbus ass words.
Huh?
naw fr
immunology
999th like 👍
Check e-mail! 😸
🙏🙏🙏👍👍👍
Am I just stupid or is this video nearly useless to someone who doesn't have exceptional knowledge on human biology..?
These pharmacology tutorials assume basic knowledge in chemistry and biology. I have playlists with all the basic information if you need to review.
James tours is acting like he's dunking on you Dave. Can you please put him in his place once and for all
You're dreaming. This fella is not on the same level as Tour
@@tshkrel you are correct. Tours sells nonsense and Dave uses science. Not the same level at all. Tours is despicable. He uses his education to sell his fantasy to those who don't know better.
Yeah I’m going to bury him, sit tight.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains please do, and thank you.
@@tshkrelNoticed how no one responded to you. That’s how little you matter. The only reason I responded was because I honestly felt bad for you. But after this reply, it’ll be the last time anyone pays you any attention.
I was watching this to understand dxm and nmda and i understood it all very well and learned a lot :) then i realized "oh hey this is the guy that made matt walsh butthurt" hahahaha
God, matt walsh is a very convincing but pseudo intellectual
Hey, I was wondering if there is a playlist on things that cover the different time periods of Earth life ( it has a name but I forgot ). If not, it would be interesting to see one!
Geology playlist!
@@ProfessorDaveExplains Thank you!
Institute for Creation Research is your best bet.
@@tshkrel from Wikipedia: The Institute for Creation Research is a Creationist apologetics institute in Dallas, Texas, that specializes in media promotion of pseudoscientific creation science and interpretation of the Genesis creation narrative as a historical event.
Sorry. You just gave bad advice.