Journal Club with Dr. Peter Attia | Metformin for Longevity & The Power of Belief Effects
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- Опубликовано: 27 июл 2024
- In this journal club episode, my guest is Stanford and Johns Hopkins-trained physician, Dr. Peter Attia, M.D., who is also the host of The Drive podcast and the author of the bestselling book "Outlive: The Science & Art of Longevity."
We each present a scientific paper and discuss the findings' strengths, weaknesses and actionable takeaways.
First, we discuss an article that addresses whether taking the drug metformin can enhance longevity. Then, we discuss an article on belief effects (similar to placebo effects), showing how the effects of a drug on the brain and cognition depend on one's belief about the dose of the drug taken, not the actual dose.
Our conversation also highlights how to read, interpret and critique scientific studies. This episode ought to be of interest to those curious about health and longevity, medicine and psychology and for anyone seeking to better understand how to read and digest scientific findings.
#HubermanLab #Science
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Dr. Peter Attia
Website: peterattiamd.com
Outlive: The Science & Art of Longevity: peterattiamd.com/outlive
The Peter Attia Drive Podcast: peterattiamd.com/podcast
Newsletter: peterattiamd.com/newsletter
X (formerly Twitter): / peterattiamd
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Articles
Reassessing the evidence of a survival advantage in Type 2 diabetes treated with metformin compared with controls without diabetes: a retrospective cohort study: bit.ly/3EypTAJ
The Hallmarks of Aging: bit.ly/3ZeqnFI
Can people with type 2 diabetes live longer than those without? A comparison of mortality in people initiated with metformin or sulphonylurea monotherapy and matched, non-diabetic controls: bit.ly/3Lespjp
A thalamic circuit represents dose-like responses induced by nicotine-related beliefs in human smokers: bit.ly/3LiAaEX
Other Resources
TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin) Trial: bit.ly/3P7eMDI
Interventions Testing Program (ITP): bit.ly/3EDtmOg
Slow-Carb Diet (Tim Ferris): bit.ly/462q6YD
Dr. Alia Crum: Science of Mindsets for Health & Performance (Huberman Lab episode): bit.ly/3PdbKhd
Nicotine’s Effects on the Brain & Body & How to Quit Smoking or Vaping (Huberman Lab episode): bit.ly/3PkGopc
Adderall, Stimulants & Modafinil for ADHD: Short- & Long-Term Effects (Huberman Lab episode): bit.ly/3Pg7jT3
Neural correlates of interspecies perspective taking in the post-mortem Atlantic Salmon: an argument for multiple comparisons correction (Dead salmon study): bit.ly/3PvJvf9
Timestamps
00:00:00 Dr. Peter Attia, Journal Club
00:03:27 Sponsors: Helix Sleep & Levels
00:06:11 Dreams
00:12:36 Article #1, Metformin, Mitochondria, Blood Glucose
00:19:47 Type 2 Diabetes & Causes, Insulin Resistance
00:25:30 Type 2 Diabetes Medications, Metformin, Geroprotection, Bannister Study
00:36:19 Sponsor: AG1
00:37:15 TAME Trial; Demographics, Twin Cohort
00:44:27 Metformin & Mortality Rate
00:51:28 Kaplan-Meier Mortality Curve, Error Bars & Significance, Statistical Power
01:01:17 Sponsor: InsideTracker
01:02:23 Hazard Ratios, Censoring
01:09:00 Metformin Advantage?, Variables, Interventions Testing Program
01:16:02 Berberine, Acarbose, SGLT2 Inhibitors
01:23:48 Blood Glucose & Energy Balance; Caloric Restriction, Aging Biomarkers
01:32:22 Tool: Reading Journal Articles, 4 Questions, Supplemental Information
01:38:10 Article #2, Belief Effects vs. Placebo Effect
01:45:22 Nicotine Effects
01:51:07 Nicotine Doses & Belief Effects, fMRI Scan
02:00:07 Biological Effects, Dose-Dependent Response & Belief Effects
02:05:14 Biology & Beliefs, Significance, Dopamine Response, Non-Smokers
02:10:57 Dose-Dependence & Beliefs, Side Effects, Nocebo Effect
02:19:06 Zero-Cost Support, RUclips Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous, Neural Network Newsletter, Social Media
Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac - www.blabacphoto.com
Disclaimer: hubermanlab.com/disclaimer 
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We are so fortunate living in an era that people like Attia and Huberman have a platform to provide valuable information to health conscious people. We can educate ourselves about health so we can make the best decisions for us.
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
Preach! I’m getting ready to retire in three years and now I’m inspired to get a cellular biology degree because how how much fun these guys make science 🙏🌸🦋😂💪🏻🥊
Andrew, it would be great if you could do a podcast about PCOS, where metformin is first line drug prescribed, even to patients that are not insulin resistant. PCOS is an issue of almost 20% of young woman and still there is no simply answer what causes it and how to cure it.
Very informative podcast as always :)
Agreed! I have PCOS and just started metformin two days ago without being insulin resistant.
Please! Us PCOS girlies need this podcast. Been beggin for one
Have your tried carnivore/keto diets? Also, Iodine supplementation? There's a book written by David Brownstein that might help.
@@bethannea4842 I was going to say the same thing keto and or carnivore. And cutting out sugar and processed food, alcohol and getting more exercise, sleep, fresh air and vit d/k2 and magnesium and omega 3.
@@underated17it s really hard to actually be on ketosis. Most people do it wrong, they cheat, they get out of ketosis and end up energy deprived. Of course if you are committed it will help, but it s really the case and hard to maintain if you travel a lot
This is an absolutely an amazing idea for a podcast. Showing us in real time how to dissect academic papers. What a life time skill to learn. Thank you so much!
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
I want to provide a biomarker that I see huge improvements in when I fast from food and only hydrate. My HRV improves dramatically upon fasting. That could be the biomarker Dr. Attia is looking for in his research. Something to look at here.
Andrew never disappoints. Every time he make our life better. Respect
I mean "he" doesn't do anything but pass on the science and tools. You still have to DO the doing.
@@GOD999MODEof course. But the knowing comes before the doing.
Could you please tell me how to maintain good health while thru hiking? I’m 51 years old and I’m in excellent shape, and my concern is not wanting to lose muscle that would be hard to rebuild at my age. Thanks, Tom glass
He takes supplements and has one the most popular podcast, he's doing it.
I’m in the same boat as you. I want him to pin me down and just give me all his information
The joy and delight exuding from Dr. Huberman is infectious, to say the least, and this is why we keep coming back to learn more about ourselves from this inspiring man and from his incredible guests. I also laughed pretty hard about the dream Peter had. 🤣
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
Peter always leaves me speechless. His vocabulary and depth of knowledge is mind boggling.
Peter is a wealth of information. He and Andrew have taught me lots!
The scrutiny, experience, and precision that Dr. Attia brings to paper study analysis makes my head spin and gives me great confidence that when Attia gives recommendations on something, he knows what he’s talking about. 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻
Andrew and Peter you have no idea what a blessing you both are to all of us, thank you! 🙏❤️
The book "Outlive" by Attia and the workbook "30 Days to Reduce Anxiety" by Harper Daniels have been instrumental in helping me develop a good daily routine for managing anxiety. Beside these two good books things like eliminating high caffeine drinks, cold showers, deep breathing, and long walks have helped a lot.
i needed to see your comment right this second!!
Accessing the Healing Power of the Vagus Nerve by Stanley Rosenberg might be another resource for you to add.
Caffeine really has not been helping me at all, I’ve come to realize .
How are we all so lucky to be able to just have access to these two wonderful humans and this journal club, I just can't believe it, that was so, so cool! Thank you, thank you thank you!
As a shift worker, and as someone who has battled long term anosmia from covid, stumbling across this podcast has changed my life. This podcast is tremendously valuable and I always learn something new after listening. Thank you Andrew!
I’m a postdoc and some of the best conversations/debates/realizations/etc. happen during journal club! Happy to see you do this and I’m looking forward to the next one!
Never stop being grateful for this kind of content, ever.
What a wonderful idea! I'm so grateful you two geniuses decided to share this. So very appreciated!!❤
Outlive by Peter Attia is changing my life, for the better. Thank you Huberman (for the introduction) and Peter for enriching our regular lives.
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
Awesome as always, Andrew...even if I only understand about 25% of what was discussed. I often need to re-watch and take notes, ending up feeling like I've learned two more languages. 😏
One guest I'd be interested in seeing across the table from you is Dr David Sinclair, especially after Peter's recent findings on metformin.
I'm a person, 64 years old, who doesn't have diabetes but have a problem with sugar as my HEMOGLOBIN A1C WITH MPG last test was 5.9% and fasting Glucose was 99 mg/dL. I started taking Metaformin and my appetite and food/sugar cravings greatly reduced. Previously temptation was hard to resist.
Thus this feels revolutionary to me and I'm taking advantage of the opportunity to start new habits of exercise, diet and not eating myself into a stupor.
I think the factor of why someone was taking metformin would be a factor in the results that unfolded from doing so.
It's too early to report fat loss but early enough to say diet and exercised changed in ways that previously were unattainable
This was BY FAR ONE OF THE BEST EPISODES!!!🎉🎉🎉🎉
Hi Stephanie 👋
How was your day ?
You mean well, but that makes no sense. It’s either “by far the best episode” or “one of the best episodes”.
It was so interesting to hear about the dream because I dreamt of Huberman last week. Supposedly had discovered in ancient Greek historical site , and was passing by en route. He was doing a Podcast underneath some fig trees while we all were harvesting grapes - he was wearing his classical black shirt and was very serious with his guest. So we didn’t want to bother him, but then I was sad that I didn’t get to greet him, although he was so close.
Delighted to have these two thought leaders and scientists to help navigate this life continuum. Respect
I only at the beginning of the episode but I love how Dr. Huberman simplified Dr. Attia's explanation for us by asking questions so we can all understand everything correctly. Thank you so much!
🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:
00:00 📜 This is the Huberman Lab podcast's Journal Club episode with Dr. Peter Attia, focusing on scientific papers and discussions.
01:11 📄 They will discuss two papers: One about Metformin's potential role in longevity, and the other about the placebo effect, specifically with nicotine.
06:18 🎙️ Dr. Peter Attia and Andrew Huberman are excited to discuss and dissect scientific papers in real-time.
12:40 🧪 The first paper discussed is about metformin and its potential survival benefits for type 2 diabetics.
21:15 🧬 Insulin uses a "straw" mechanism to transport glucose into cells, and insulin resistance occurs when more insulin is needed to move the "straw," leading to elevated insulin levels.
23:43 🩺 Insulin resistance can lead to type 2 diabetes, impacting glucose regulation in muscles and the liver, as well as causing inflammation in the pancreas.
34:23 📊 Metformin demonstrated a 15% relative reduction in all-cause mortality over 2.8 years in a study of individuals with type 2 diabetes, suggesting potential longevity benefits.
41:36 📈 The TAME trial uses both singletons and discordant twins to study metformin's effects, aiming for more robust results.
43:03 📊 Medication profiles in the study participants were not well-matched, particularly for diabetes-related medications, which is a significant limitation in this observational study.
01:06:15 🧬 In a twin study, one twin with diabetes on Metformin still had a 70-80% higher chance of death than the non-diabetic co-twin, even after adjustments.
01:13:23 🔄 Absent a randomized control trial, the true impact of Metformin on longevity and health remains uncertain. Such trials have not been conducted for hard outcomes.
01:16:14 🚫 Dr. Peter Attia stopped taking Metformin due to issues with nausea and high resting lactate levels, possibly related to weak mitochondrial function.
01:21:25 🌡️ An SGLT2 inhibitor is the only glucose disposal agent Dr. Attia currently takes due to its favorable mechanistic studies, results in the Interventions Testing Program (ITP), and benefits in non-diabetics, including heart failure.
01:24:55 🧪 This transcript discusses the role of energy balance in glucose homeostasis, emphasizing that macro composition may not matter as much as previously believed.
01:27:01 📊 The speaker mentions the "TAME" study, which could provide more definitive answers about Metformin's protective benefits, especially for non-diabetics.
01:28:23 💡 Short periods of caloric restriction or fasting may not have significant longevity benefits and lack clear biomarkers for tracking progress in anti-aging efforts.
01:30:41 🧬 The absence of biomarkers for aging is a major challenge in longevity research, hindering the ability to measure the effectiveness of interventions accurately.
01:32:07 📖 The recommended approach for reading scientific papers involves focusing on four key questions: the research question, the research methods, the findings, and whether the conclusions align with the findings.
01:38:23 🧠 The upcoming paper discussed in this transcript explores how beliefs about drugs can impact their effects at a biological level, differentiating belief effects from placebo effects.
01:45:14 🧠 Belief about nicotine strength affects brain activation: People's belief about the strength of nicotine they consumed in a vape pen influenced the activation of brain areas associated with attention, reward, and decision-making.
01:45:40 💨 Nicotine enhances cognitive performance: Nicotine can enhance cognitive performance by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of sensory information coming into the brain, leading to improved perception and clarity.
01:49:23 🧒 ADHD medications and ventromedial prefrontal cortex: Stimulant medications used to treat ADHD, like Adderall and Ritalin, enhance the function of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, which is crucial for focus and attention.
02:00:08 🧪 Dose-dependent belief effects: The study revealed a dose-dependent response in the brain to beliefs about nicotine strength, highlighting how expectations can shape physiological responses to drugs.
02:05:15 🧠 Belief effects can impact brain activity significantly, as seen in experiments with nicotine.
02:08:50 🧪 Small amounts of nicotine can activate pathways in the brain, especially in individuals naive to nicotine.
Made with HARPA AI
Thank you for clarifying. I was about to really give you props for typing all that up. But either way thanks is the same for using the AI to make that.
Bless u thank you for all your efforts
Amazing
Wow! Thank you sooooo much for this overview! AMAZING.
This was made by ai? Very nice
This makes my ♥️ do 😃!!! I love seeing the two of you nerd 🤓 out on all things science…and I am right there with ya!! 🙏 and liking forward to more of these journal 📓 club episodes!
Would love to hear an episode about the ketogenic diet and how it affects the brain, body, disease, etc.
I love these cool nerd bromances that have blossomed out of podcasting. I say that with all the admiration and gratitude of a self proclaimed cool nerd. Thanks for all the info you share & keep doing the good work you do gents!
This is the type of content that should be on RUclips
WOW! Selfishly I hope and wish this series continues with unlimited episodes forever.
Absolutely the best explanation I’ve heard of type 2 diabetes and what went wrong.
Two of my most favourite people. Thanks so much! Journal Club, what a genius idea!
Would be fun to know the journal beforehand so we can read and follow along. Great education on critical thinking.
What a treat. Coffee, sofa, podcast Huberman-Attia. Thank you gentlemen.
Fantastic episode. Not only the concept is really interesting, but it’s very pleasing to see Huberman and Attia just having fun, laughing and enjoying science.
Best podcast on earth!
This is absolutely fantastic!
I have been following your podcasts for several months now and I think that they are all great. I like your interviews with other scientists very much. But this Journal Club is absolutely fantastic. Dr Peter Attia explains the mysteries of statistics so well. Thank you both for that episode. Please repeat the Journal Club again!
2 great minds-such wisdom, talent and passion.
I'm actually glad you two followed through with this! I got really excited when I saw it on IG.
I am so grateful for all these podcasts which I only found in the past few weeks - they are helping me immeasurably. Thankyou!
Yes. Very nice to see both Attia and Huberman collaborate on a regular basis. Highly recommend Attia’s content- how to read a study
Learning so much thank you! Please make journal club a regular series! Thanks from New Zealand 😊
I absolutely love these 2! Though a lot above my head as far as information, I always walk away with information! Thank you !
I appreciate that you bring us all this great information ❤
I'm just reading the book by Peter- he's got a great, lucid way of explaining complex ideas. Looking forward to learning/ finishing. 🎉❤
This looks to be a great start to a new series! Look at all those papers on Huberman’s desk! Thanks to Attia and Huberman.
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
My two favorite health podcasts joined together as one.
allocating time to Attia's content is one of the best investments that you can make
A friend from India. Thanks for the series by series with Paul Conti. It was exactly what I needed.
Just submitted the survey. Hope it counts.
I cannot imagine a better episode to start my week! Can’t wait to listen, thank you!
Peter’s book is life changing. I agree with Tim Ferriss is that the chapter on emotional health should’ve been first 😊
Hi Maria 👋
How was your day?
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
Absolutely love it every time Peter Attia comes on the podcast. This was great! Always down for another one. Could also do something like this with Rhonda Patrick would work too.
Thanks for teaming up to bring us more and more knowledge!!!
Two of my favourite scientists, thank you. Happy Monday everyone
Attia is not a scientist
@@jn3750
Are you? Well well,
Yes, PhD. level academic @@StoicAurelius1
This is perfectly amazing man, wow this is really incredible ... It's amazing how hardworking Dr Huberman is
Every topic in the show makes reference to journal articles (rightly so). Have you considered doing a lecture on finding and critically reading journal articles (including how to find free full-text articles)? I think it would be of great value to your listeners, especially since this is typically a full-semester course (or one for each degree level). Thank you for all the work you do with the podcast - it's very much appreciated!
Use PubMed or Sci Hub for journal articles
👏👏👏 Thanks for giving us access to information once reserved only for scientists!! Knowledge brings the possibility of enhancing quality of life for everyone ❤
Really loved the last segment when they were just geeking out 😄
Social media have such a bad rep but diamonds in the rough are everywhere if you care to look
Loved this format! Dr Peter is in my bookshelf and I really enjoy listening to his insights. Looking forward for more of this 😊
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
I can't wait to tune into this one. Each episode leaves me eager for the next one. Your ability to dive deep into these fascinating topics is truly captivating. Keep the knowledge flowing!
P.S: The Hubermann effect...even Peter is dreaming about Andrew :)
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
I heard you're having a hard times you are absolutely amazing and I support you 100%. You have added so much to the wellness of all of us. I thank you for that. Sorry you have to fight this, but please do fight it because we need you in our world.
Two legends. Great content please continue this series
Peace and ❤️ ❤ I am so thankfull for both of you! I don't know how much my brain keeps but bit I am ready for this knowledge!
Immensely enjoying this new format. Thank you so much for all you are doing!
This is a true masterclass on scientific literature review
My two favorite doctors! Great job, young men! Keep the knowledge coming! Amazing mind's!
Thank you once again Mr. Huberman!
Love this!! Thank you both for sharing.
This was amazing! Please do more journal clubs.
Thank you both for this Journal Club. Thoroughly enjoying these two mentors bouncing off each other. Hubermanlab is always enlightening.
Hello Linda 👋 how're you doing today ?
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
What a way to start my morning. About to workout and i get to listen to this.
Thank you!!!
Absolutely outstanding. Thank you to both of you .
Dr. Huberman, any conversation I can listen to between you and dr. Attia in no way needs "A Hook " thank you once again !!
I'm so grateful for men like this. Thank you both for using your gifts for good. We are blessed
Awesome discussion ❤ Thank you for finally discussing fasting in a neutral and objective way, I was wondering about it for a long time! ❤
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
I'm so happy that belief is finally being put through the rigours of scientific testing. It's a totally new frontier, accessing the incredible power each of us holds inside
Would love an episode about the nature of the transformative dream you had, how you prepared for it, and how it impacted you life!
I agree! I want to know more.
Andrew Huberman never fails to amaze us with every content he puts out. This is very mind-opening!
Hey, I saw your comment on Huberman and wanted to share this with you. I put together self-help therapy guidelines based on professionals’ research and records(Link in my bio). Would really appreciate your thoughts! 😊
Please, please, please do a dream episode! 🙏
Appreciate the work that both of you do and share so generously.
peter is very good in that he wasn't trained to critique research papers whatsoever. he was trained to do whatever taught in standard books
This series will be great! So excited to hear more
This is exciting. I know you both had been wanting to do Journal club for awhile
Perfect timing. Im setting up my journals today.
This was a blast. And I'm really pleased to find that, with age, I've better learned how to weed out the rabbit holes and can now follow the conversation better. I had to leave SDSU 45 years ago because I couldn't follow lectures or take effective notes. I'm really looking forward to the next journal. Thank you for your work.
45 years ago I had to leave university (twice) as I was unable to concentrate long enough to read to the end of sentences. Painful. I feel for you, esp as there was so little understanding then.
You two are ridiculously charming together. This was a joy to listen to. I want to hear more about both of your dreams - dew and breakthrough.
Yes, yes. This was great. Please do it again. This podcast probably benefitted me in terms of my health far more than any other, because I smiled and laughed so very, very much, and, as we know, laughter is the best medicine😂😅😊🎉❤.
Hi Betty 👋
How was your day ?
I love love love this show.....please do MORE! Thank you soooooo much!
So very curious to know more about Andrew's dream. Hoping he does a talk on this!
This was a fantastic discussion as per usual. Please keep them coming :)
Andrew's smile is so sincere throughout this. it's great.
I loved the idea! This way we learn from the best.
Bom dia!
Yah love to see it!
Looking forward to Toronto tomorrow!!
They are completely geeking out and im here for it ‼️
What I learned. Is that being rich monetarily, saving and materially what becomes free. It gives happiness but it is enormous health. And the experiment has a magical message. To find a group, like in the samples for the experiments But that group to which you come to belong by being born. That group saves fear and misfortunes. You can establish happy human organizational calendars and living in the present. Thank you very much, greetings.
I really appreciated the "How science is done" discussion! Thank you! From an aspiring research analyst (beginner!) :D
Dear Dr.Huberman,
Thank you very much!!!
🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻
A great episode, thank you. Really interesting papers and also fascinating breakdowns.
I want to hear about this transformative dream Dr Huberman!! I would love if you did fire side chats or had opportunities to talk about life experiences (and of course to hear how you think about it from your depth of knowledge in neurobiology). Very excited you are coming to Sydney in 2024! Thank you for providing such rich content, wonderful stories, tools for success, and laughter. I love the podcast; it has had a life changing impact on me.
This is awesome! Two of my favorite “geniuses” together!! 🤩 I’m a simple “susy” but I have learned soooooooo much… and even when I don’t understand every single term that at least makes me aware of them…
Thanks for another amazing podcast Andrew !!!
I finished this almost in one session. Great listen
Hello from Spain
Will get my notebook ready. Thanks
OMG, two of my favourite two podcasters in one shot.
Fantastic subject matter and discussion!
Thank you both!
Thank you for existing Dr Huberman.