Can water make Jet engines stronger?!
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- Опубликовано: 6 дек 2018
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Can water actually make Jet-engines stronger? How does the Jet-engine actually work and how can water be dangerous for the function of Jet-engines on modern aircraft?
In todays video I will deal with this question that was sent in by one of YOU. Water in jet-engines is a fascinating subject so make sure you stay to the end of the video to avoid missing any of the little aviation nuggets I have buried in there for you!
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I want to send a special thank you to the channels featured in todays video! All of the little clips you saw are only parts of some really informative videos that I highly recommend that you check out. All links (with descriptions) below!
Real Engineering (How a jet engine works)
• Jet Engine, How it works?
David Chung (Jet engine water test)
• Rolls-Royce Engine Wat...
Safran (CFM) - Leap engine explanation
• How does a jet engine ...
JetA1Terminator (Ignitor)
• Jet Engine/Turboshaft ...
Taylor Made Potpourri (Water injection Takeoff)
• B52G/ KC-135A Water In...
Oisiaa (More B53 Water injection TO)
• Minimum Interval Takeo...
Very educating vlog for common people like me, especially who likes to go somewhere with airplanes. Maybe you can put some video about critical parts on airplane such which components must be replaced immediately or not replaced (temporary). I'm sure it'll affect airplane performance.
Keep on going mentor!
It's also interesting how Airlines especially LCC with high cycle time everyday manage with that problem..or the job itself
@@franswahyu6831 f
That will be a long ass video haha. We have MEL (Minimum equipment list) Ex: You can lock out an Engine bleed system. NEF (Non Essential Furnishing) Stuff like seat back trays etc that can be working/missing and still be ok. and CDL, lets say you have a access door damage on the oil servicing door you can actually remove it and fly. Also can remove the thrust reverser blocker doors etc.
I always thought that if you joined a plane in four sections that could be separated by some sort of ejection or release mechanism separately on by one to free fall. Then a giant parachute to carry it down to an unpleasant but survivable landing. Thing is I'm no maths wizard or engineer so wondered if a plane connected in four tubular units would handle the stresses of flight? Also is there a parachute that could carry a 1/4 of a plane with its passengers? It's always been in my head that idea.
@@MrUFCnut its almost physically impossible to do that lol
Every time he says: OK?? I nod my head obediently :)
Thanks for the little chuckle - saying "ok" and "do you follow me" etc. after making a point, is not really cool.
Lol
@@WOODBARK100 he's doing it like a teacher, and as a teacher i can tell ya, he's cool, and doing alright 😁
Where does water why does the small Thailand the airplane
Same here!😄😄
I've flown a 707 in the densest rain you can imagine, low in the Florida panhandle. It was so heavy you would have thought the A/C was underwater. Those engines just sucked that rain in and spit it out like nothing. I was a little concerned at first, then amazed towards the end. Impressive as heck.
was it as impressive as heck?
@@mickydee7502 It was, you had to be there. Kept thinking that one of the engines would have flamed out, but none did.
@@dalechristensen3640 mint
The B-52 used water injection to increase thrust on takeoff -- I worked on them (G models) in the late 70's.
Cool!
I lived next to Strategic Air Command's Offut Air Base as a little boy for several years. B-52's were always taking off over our house on full water injection. They'd shake the neighborhood.
We had the G-models on Fairchild well into the 80s. Everyone in base housing knew when they were doing water runs on the test pad.
The ground rumble the B-52G produced was actually very similar to what I felt during a Saturn V launch. Wicked powerful feeling.
Wasn't that alcohol and water?
@@oxcart4172 No. I asked that question once myself. The system injected water into the compressors [stage 3? not sure, don't remember and too lazy to look it up right now]. Once heated to the burn temps, water has a phenomenal expansion ratio to generate thrust. Downside is that it also cooled the engine enough to cause the thick black smoke (unburned fuel). The H-model got newer engines that didn't need water for the added thrust during launch.
BTW, I just love seeing how relaxed your dogs are. Clearly a sign of safety and dedication in your part.
A "flame out" is whenever the flames in the engine "flames out".
That's profound.
Thank you.. I was very proud of that one 😂
😂😂😂😂
Wouldn't be surprised if some ppl couldn't make that connection lol
Wait until he talks about the 'cockpit'.
I think the dogs have heard this story before!!
Hahaha!
Dog so cute ....🤩🤩
They already know all of this stuff.
not impressed 😂
Lol his pups are always so calm!😍
When I was in the Navy I remember taking off from a military airport in Brazil where the density altitude was high because of the temperature and we had to use water alcohol injection. This was in a P3 A Orion.
Mentour:" Can water make jet engines stronger?"
Sully: "Nope, that didn't help anything whatsoever."
LOL
No,But the truth is yes
The engines flamed due to bird strikes anyways
I just realized that you have two dogs.
I haven't seen the white one in his most recent videos. I'm too afraid to ask why.
@@Astronetics me too
I always thought he bleached it to make white and dyed it when he wanted brown!
Two flamed out dogs are awesome there. Lost the track of the video a couple of times because of them. Keep up the good work!
I absolutely fell in love with the dogs... Lovely
For sure ! But I don't see them interested in the captain's explanation
The water expands into steam from the exhaust gas temperature.
During combustion, air and jet fuel at perfect stoichiometric ratio expands to something like 5 times it's original volume, this along with the increased temperature drive the turbine.
Water expands from roughly 2000 to 4000 times it's original volume as steam at the temperatures you'd see inside a jet engine exhaust.
Steam power!
The fuel to air ratio on a gasturbine engine is far below the stoichiometric ratio of about 1:14, why?
The turbine inlet gas temperature must be limited to retain the structural integrity of the turbine blades.
Today that temperature is less than 1500°C, with turbine blade ceramic coating and internal cooling . Any over temperature will allow the turbine blade to 'creep' and rub against the housing.
That is one of the functions of the fuel controller ( FADEC) to limit the fuel flow during acceleration.
Adding water will certainly help.
@Special EDy : Well explained than the video!
Uh, no. All water does is evaporate, cooling the air because of a thing called preservation of energy. You do not magically gain thrust from steam. That could only happen in the engine core where that gained thrust is lost entirely from losses to bleed air and other parasitic loads.
It's the same reason supercars and some drag cars use it. It cools the incoming air extremely effectively, which makes the engine able to cram more air in to burn. There is no "steam propulsion" mechanism going on here. Nor is the water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen as others suggest. Middle school science is worth paying attention to...
@@pootispiker2866 All combustion engines run entirely off of heat energy.
A jet engine or piston engine converts fuel and oxygen into heat, the heat increases the pressure of the air, and that expanded air is converted into mechanical energy. Adding liquid water to the combustion increases the efficiency of the engine because it expands and increases the amount of energy that's able to be extracted.
If you vaporize the water, it will cool the intake air, allowing more air to be ingested by the engine, and it will effectively increase the detonation resistance of the engine. But, liquid water entering the combustion chamber will increase the conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy.
@Mentour Pilot This is one of your better podcasts for understanding how jet engines work in bad weather. I've flown "pistons" for years (some of them even had wings on them). But this podcast answers many questions about jets. Please know that many of us who "think" we know a lot about aviation are still aviation students.
BTW, any piston driver who loves WWII vintage airplanes will know that "water injection" was used as "War Emergency Power" in fighter planes during the great war. The Merlin engines in P-51s as well as in many other earlier fighter aircraft during WWII had a special water a tank inside the engine compartment. When full power was applied in a P-51 it was known as " full military power". However in case of an emergency when the pilot needed an extra boost, he would advance the throttle into a special detent called: "War Emergency Power". This setting would induce water from the special tank to be injected into the pistons so as to cool them down thus allowing the cylinder head temperatures (CHTs) to remain cool in an acceptable range for about two minutes. The extra boost was limited for a short time so not to exceed the engine limitations, but it would be enough to allow the fighter to climb or outrun an enemy in a dogfight.
Water injection began with piston engines and is not limited to jets. I'm sure there are many piston aviation history buffs out there who know more about this; however, there also may be young aviation enthusiasts here who are eager to learn about aviation history. I want to thank you for your great aviation podcasts. (BTW, is the term "Podcast" becoming archaic)?
daffidavit Hi! Just a quick question. If I go up in the P-51Mustang this spring with the Collings Foundation, & we zip around for half an hour & do 3 barrel rolls (non-consecutive), how fast do you think I'll be going...tops? (I've heard guestimates of 200-400 mph) What do you think?
@@annnonymous9791 I've seen a RUclips video on this subject. I even believe they used a P-51 for demonstrations. I don't recall the recommended airspeeds for doing loops or aileron rolls. Sorry. However, I'm sure a little research here or on Google will give you the answer.
Just for the fun of it, I'm going to guess at the recommended airspeeds for a loop, barrel roll and an aileron roll in a P-51. After you do your research, please come back here and post how far off I was or am. I'm going to guess that the entry speed of an unloaded P-51 without bombs or other parasite drag devices are approximate as follows.
1. aileron roll: about 200 kts.
2. Loop: Around 200-220 kts.
3. A barrel roll probably faster because the roll requires an initial climb and dissipates airspeed before it finishes about the same speed it began from. My guess is 250 Kts. entry for the barrel roll.
I'm sure WWII pilots in combat were experimental test pilots and probably did things no P51 pilot would ever consider doing today. When a pilot is in a real dogfight, he is not going to try to achieve the exact proper airspeed to do a loop or a roll. He knows in his mind what he can get away with under the circumstances. The amount of fuel remaining can determine how light the plan is and whether he can do a loop at a slower airspeed than at gross.
Also, when at war when your butt in hanging out, you don't care so much about the integrity of strength of your airplane. You just pray to God that the next maneuver will save you from being shot down. The P51 was a very slick airplane with low drag. But it was heavy and had a powerful engine as well. After you speak with an instructor or owner of a P51, please return here and provide us with the numbers necessary to do the aerobatic maneuvers you asked about. I'd also like to know the stall speeds with flaps and gear hanging out. I'd like to know how slowly it could fly with power before it would depart from a flight. I hope that helped.
Hey man, I did 15 hours as a kid but my eyesight stopped me having an aviation career. Glad you are living the dream. Love your vids. Flying micro lights when I can. Cheers mate 👍
Maybe a next video on turboprop engines how they work in wet conditions. And why do some planes with turboprops fly into a storm for monitoring thunderstorms and even tornadoes.
Love the channel. I’m an automotive engineer and never piloted a plane but have always been fascinated with aviation.
As a plumber in the USAF I use to make water for the older tankers aka refuelers and the B-52 bombers has water injection jet engines.
Cool!!
@@MentourPilot Did the 727 have such a water injection system?
@IronCurtainPrepper Are we here for politics or aviation ?
@IronCurtainPrepper Dude don't kill the vibe
Ah yes, built when man thought he could burn water, I remember those days!
The Pratt & Whitney J57 was used in the KC-135 Stratotanker as well, and the civilian JT3C in early B707 aircraft. As a young child I can remember seeing the black plumes made by water injection engines during the takeoff roll. Back then the soot and noise was a point of pride!
Rain/Water actually improves the performance of an Engine. Hence the reason for Engine washes.
- When the EGT margin drops below a threshold we keep an eye on it and schedule a wash. Once the core wash is done we see great improvement in EGT margin thus keeping the Engine from over temping when taking out of high altitude or hot cities in general.
- So yes, in short water does improve the performance. What it does is cleans and opens up the cooling holes on the turbine blades thus improving efficiency. If a water wash doesn't do it another option is detergent wash. I need to start making some videos lol.
Please do!
This is one of the best continuous youtube video channels I've watched. I'm not a pilot, but I do have a certain level of interest in how civilian and military airplanes operate and the planes itself.
This channel has provided me awith a lot of answers to things I may have noticed but never really questioned. The one video that explains, why the engines seem to slow down during take off, actually solved one puzzle I've been thinking about every once and a while, when I'm flying.
I've watched about 10 of your videos so far. I like that the videos are often short. Keep it that way. Short and many!
The Harrier Jump Jet also uses water injection when landing and/or taking off vertically for the same reasons you described.
And to reduce engine/nozzle temp.
@@gordonlawrence4749 without it they tended to start fires and heat deck plates.
I knew that water injection was used for older pure turbojets, but did not know some of the updated low bypass engines were still equipped to use it. Thanks. I once had a turbocharged Corvair that used water injection too.
Modern Harriers use it both in hover (to get more thrust and to cool the engine/exhaust) and for extra thrust on takeoff. I think the early ones did too but don't have data.
Even turbo props used water/methanol injection (British Jetstream J31). Also modern BMW kinda special edition track car M3 has water injection.
I spent several years working on BAC 1-11's, these originally had a water injection system to increase take off thrust. This shortened engine life so most operators removed the water tank from the rear baggage bay & made use of the extra space.
I had WMI (water methanol injection) on my car. That's wenn I learned it was used by planes since the 1930s. With all the effects you mentioned. Only injecting water can help also, because the volume from water to steam increases 1700 times, so your engine becomes a little steam engine. More power, more speed. Futher more it cools the exaust gasses and breaks down the carbon build up in the cilinder tubes.
Great video as always! 👍
Mentour love it as always. Could you do a vid on the radios in depth on the 73, cheers
Love these videos. I've always wanted to ask: upon touching down, how much braking comes from the wheel brakes versus the thrust reversers? Seems that some pilots just hit the reversers for just a few seconds, others use it longer.
I've ALWAYS wondered the same thing. It's a fascinating topic! Thanks for the explanation.
You can use water to optimize Performance on any combustion engine. It reduces temperature and raises gas expansion. So you can put more t load in the engine without risking too high internal temps and have more power from the get go.
100% This. it's why a lot of really high horsepower cars running on pump gas will have water/meth injection. It reduces the chances of pinging and detonation brought on by the higher than normal cylinder pressures and temperatures that can easily happen in a boosted engine.
@@DigBipper188 and while it cooles the combustion, which would reduce Power normally, the expanding steam compensates for that.
@@TheNecromancer6666 precisely :) You can't overdo it though unless you wanna lose the power you gained or hydolock :)
14:33 The dog be like "wtf just happened?"
Love all your videos!
It really is a good question which you've answered, Mr. Mentour. Great explanation.
I love your videos! Only just discovered them; you explain things so succinctly, in a way both technical and non-technical people can wrap their heads around and enjoy. Any cadet who is mentored by you must gain a lot and are extremely lucky. Good luck 👍
Being a full ATP as you are, the fact that you take the time to do what you do for this channel and aviation enthusiast, is...EPIC!
Greetings from Australia 🇦🇺
I love your videos Mentour. Every video I watch in detail. I'm an Aviation enthusiast and your videos help me understand certain concepts. Keep up the good work mate and I can't thank you highly enough!! By the way your puppy is so cute and adorable!! 🙏🏻👍
Very informative! The dogs seems to be unaffected, though.
Thank you sensei for this app. Really love aviation. Hope this year start studying aviation.
Man, I wish I would have found this channel when I was at Embry Riddle learning to fly. This entire channel would have been very useful!
Hi mentour when i decided to be a pilot i started watching ur videos . Nd i must say interest in aviation is increasing day by day. nd i hope to get selected in my cadet selection next month in india...😊
Good luck. Also remember you are likely to get more than just one crack at it if you work hard.
Very good explanation, thanks again!
One of the most astonishing things I ever saw was launching an F-4 from a carrier during a fairly heavy rain storm. When the F-4 went into Afterburners prior to launch I could see water being sucked into the intakes from in front and behind the intakes to a point it looked like a giant fire hose was shooting water into the intake. So much water going down the intakes I was incredulous that any kind of flame could exist inside the engines. I felt sure the launch would be scrubbed but the plane took of as normal. I asked the pilot later about it and he said that the rain was like adding a supercharger to the J-79's, increasing compression inside the engine and adding extra cooling too.
As an aside, there is a walk-around video featuring a Vietnam veteran F-105 pilot talking about the Water injection feature. He mentions the water tank had to be purged prior to climbing to altitude to avoid the water freezing in the tank.
Harriers carry 500lbs of water to allow for extra thrust during vertical takeoff and landing.
I could be wrong but I read it was up to something crazy like 900kg in it the very late models (GR MK 9A and 7A) and 300kg in some of the slightly earlier (GR MK5) ones (which is about 660 pounds). It was definitely used also in hover to reduce engine and exhaust temp. I have been trying to get any accurate data on early variants and cannot find anything definitive. I'm not sure about the FR MK2 (AV8-B) or the FR MK1 (AV-8A) or any of the earlier GR variants. In fact I would take the other data with a pinch of salt too as I have found them wrong before.
@@gordonlawrence4749 Could well be, I'm just basing this on the modelled AV8B I use in DCS world :)
@@Sterlingjob I have already posted a link to an RAF pilot saying it was also for cooling when hovering. Want some more proof?
@ -probably don't use them there but the natural combustion products are a large percentage water due to the 'hydro' in hydrocarbon fuel. This of course turns to visible vapor if the humidity is high or ice crystals if cold enough.
@ i can see why people think "chem trails" when they see the white trails behind jet aircraft, however if you ever look at them, the trails form somewhat behind the aircraft when the hot exhaust gasses have condensed to ice in the cold air that at the cruising altitude of a typical airliner is around -40c to -60c, the length of the trail and how long it takes do dissipate is dependant on how cold it is at the altitude.
if you look at a car or truck engine on a cold winters day you will see similar at the tail pipe.
Great video, learned about water injection!
One correction: it's called Combustion Chamber on CFM56 and not Burn Chamber.
same thing really
As always, very interesting and confidence building for us nervous flyers. Thank you sir!
I am absolutely amazed with your dogs. They are so mellow! I had a bichon as a child and a mini poodle, they commanded attention 24/7, absolutely beautiful dogs.
Thank you for an amazing video! Really learned a lot here :D
Excellent! That’s what I was hoping for!
Wow!New info for me, thank you for video🤗I like this technical subject.
Great!! That’s what I was hoping for
@@MentourPilot 😎......and what about fly during -20 C by Airbus 320?
Thanks for an interesting video. You have the ability to explain the subject without any edits! Amazing!
Adding water in a monitored way to the burn section of the jet will add thrust because the added expansion of water to vapor will add pressure which has to escape. To do this the fuel must also be increased so the engines were very dirty which led to the big fan up front. have a nice day and thanks for your time.
Make a video on the properties of jet fuel. What additives do they add to it? I’m an engineering student facinated with jet engines!
I worked for Crane Aerospace and they produce fuel pumps for commercial aircraft. At the time I was informed that there were proposals to add ethanol to jet fuel but kerosene is actually pretty much additive free (or was in 2006). Ethanol was dropped as an additive proposal as it absorbs water horrendously and was viewed as a potential source of corrosion in fuel systems.
@@gordonlawrence4749 Ethanol also has about 60% the energy density of kerosene, which wasn't viewed favorably given what we know about flight and weight. afaik, JP1 is basically almost unrefined kerosene and nothing else.
@i. rob any idea where I can get some info on that?
@@mattdombrowski8435 I have been informed that it contains an anti-algal chemical but I have no data for that yet.
@@gordonlawrence4749 I'm skeptical of that. I am not aware of any algae that can survive inside petrochemicals. On their own, they're pretty inimical to any form of life.
If I remember correctly, when the Qantas A380 had the engine explosion, the engine was still running uncontrollably after landing and could not be switch off. The fire brigade then tried to create a flame out with water and I believe they struggled a lot to kill the fire eventually, which again proves how difficult it is to extinguish jet engine fires with water.
Yes, I also remember that! I think they had to let it run out of fuel.
That's correct, the engine explosion broke the electrical connections, so when the pilots switched off the engines from the flight deck, number 1 engine kept running......they got it stopped eventually, but it took a hell of a lot of water and foam if memory serves
They used fire retardant foam from the fire engines to cause the flame out
hawkeye0248 They ended up having to essentially destroy the engine with foam as even with every fire engine on hand attempting the ‘drown’ the engine, water simply wasn’t enough
i. rob the controls to do that were cut by the no2 engine debris and shrapnel. The engines are designed to keep running in all circumstances
rode a 737 through a thunderstorm (no choice for pilot, the front was a thousand mile long over the Appalachians) that was a real roller-coaster ride, you could see hail and heavy rain flowing over the wing like clouds of steam. we flew on to Memphis with no problem, but always wondered: have there been engines FOD-destroyed by hail? excellent vid.
Watching this whenever got a min..very educative....please keep making such good work....keep it up
Such a great explanation as always! Next gen G80 BMW M3 and M4, which are soon to be released, will also have a water injection system. I dont know if it’s technically similiar but it provides the same benefit, cools down the inner temperature of the 3.0 liters inline-6 and helps for a good 500hp to be produced (current M4 GTS is already good for a 493 hp)
Believe it or not this was done in rally cars in the 80's. It works on a slightly different mechanism IE the gas volume law and effectively turns your car into a form of steam engine for part of the time if it works anything like the old system. Basically 1 mole of any gas is 24 litres at room temperature and pressure. 1 mole of water is 18g or 18cc at 4C. Squirt just 1cc of water into a cylinder (which is 500CC in a 5 cylinder 3L car) and it will try and turn into about 2.6 litres of gas (because of the high temp). So since it is restricted to 250cc of space at the 90 degree crank angle (max torque) this will give roughly 10 barr of pressure inside the cylinder. The usual BMW S54 engine has a bore of 3.43 inches which gives a surface area of a tad over 9 square inches. The pressure is 10 barr which is about 145 psi which gives a down force of 1305 pounds. With an effective crank length of about 1.8 inches (which is how it gets high RPM) that gives you about 195 pound feet of torque. You could double the water injection to get double the torque. 800 pound feet is possible if you don't mind your engine occasionally getting a bit explodey.
@i. rob actually with fuel so bleedin expensive it's worth thinking about for fuel economy as it can in theory nearly triple the MPG and even lab grade distilled water is only £2 a litre in 50 litre plastic drums. If my maths is correct that would be enough at motorway speeds to do near 600 miles. If more people used it the cost of the water would come down and make it cost effective.
Could you do a video talking about the air conditioning PACKS work please? Always interested in the air con systems and air cycle machines. Also how clean is cabin air? Do you use 100% outside air or recirculate a lot of it?
Excellent video. My dad was in the 8th Air Force in WWII, his plane was a B-24 Liberator. We talked about that plane a lot, the one thing he told me was that the radial piston engines on that plane had water injection which cooled the temp of the combustion chamber and prevented detention which could destroy the pistons. Very cool stuff. I am enjoying your videos, keep them coming.
ADI (Anti-detonant injection) was fairly widely used on aircraft engines in WW2. The idea was to keep the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber dense by cooling it down. This would reduce the probability of the occurrence of knock, which is the combustion of the air-fuel mixture at different points in the combustion chamber or before the piston has reached top dead center. This would allow the engine to run at higher RPMs without the occurrence of knock and therefore produce more power. The Germans had their famous MW water-methanol injection mixtures and GM-1 nitrous oxide injection; since they had no access to the high-octane fuel that the Allies were using, this was their alternative. The Western Allies mainly used pure water or water with a small concentration of methanol. The USAAF prior to WW2 had a mindset that this was only useful for bomber aircraft to perform short takeoff operations but later in the war used it on some of their fighters and attack aircraft. The Royal Air Force had pretty much the same mindset. The reason was that they were already using fuel with octane ratings of 100 or more, which already had a low probability of knock, so they didn't really see the need of adding unnecessary mass to the aircraft which would be detrimental to manoeuvrability, range and acceleration in fighters.
In the Fairchild Metroliners we regularly use CAWI (continuous alcohol and water injection) to assist with performance requirements during take off. It's pretty cool to watch the torque gauges jump about 30 percent when you flick the CAWI switch on.
I really enjoy your videos, as someone who's been fascinated by aircraft from childhood but never had the opportunity to take flight training. All my flying is feet on the ground holding a R/C transmitter. I wonder if you might explain one day what compressor stall is and what causes it. It's mentioned often but without technical explanation.
That can definitely be done.
Thanks! Looking forward to that.
In the 90s I witnessed an engine surge on a PA200 Tornado during an engine test run. After the engine mechanic in the cockpit selected the afterburner (moving the PLD into 'Reheat' position) the (at that time fairly new) digital engine control unit started the automatic parameter settings selection for several afterburner thrust stages. I don't remember if there were 11 or 13 stages - I am getting old ;)
Anyway, when the final stage had been reached the pressure from the afterburner flame had increased to an unhealthy operational level which caused a surge / stall signalled by a loud bang. The flames were shooting out from the intake of the engine. My fellow mechanic who was standing next to the fire extinguisher discharged the whole thing into the engine intake. Luckily nobody was injured.
Thinking about that story brings back good memories. It is quite impressive to stand around ten yards next to an aircraft with the afterburner running at full thrust :)
Excellent, thanks !
I love your videos! Very informative and professional! Can you do a video on MELs? I'm studying for my Commercial and I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around them. I think I understand how they work but it's always reassuring to have someone, who has applied the topic in the real world, explain it.
Thanks for the information breakdown, I've watched several now.
Awesome video.
every video is awesome, I always something new on each video :-)
I love it, you did get a green pillow for the right side of the couch. So, I am a life long aviation fan. I love all things aviation and I have to say that I watch a lot of RUclips videos on the subject. You channel is the one that answers all the little questions I have as I, a somewhat nervous flier, always ponder in flight. Thank you for taking the time to explain things, I always wondered what effect water has on an airplane engine. Now I will be a less nervous flier thanks to you. And your doggie is the best. Cheers!
An excellent explanatory video. Great job.
"Have an Absolutely fantastic day" - Mentour Pilot
Before even seeing this: The answer is yes water can increase thrust, Temporarily
The B-52 used to dump water in the engine to increase take-off thrust by increasing the expelled mass. - This is why they are pictured with black smoke coming out the back at Max takeoff weight
Edit - Called it! I hope the US go ahead an upgrade the B-52 fleets engines soon
I've seen this when we had a B52 base near here. Always wondered why it put out all that smoke.
The americans will never do what the world want them to
@@twistedspirit7608 Good. I prefer it that way.
Excellent video ! Your calm, scientific explanations have been very helpful to this one fearful flyer.
I have a question: Is it possible for turbulence to be severe enough to lift one wing and cause the plane to invert ? And second, mostly hypothetical, question is would it be possible for a commercial aircraft to recover from an inverted attitude at cruising altitude ?
So much to learn listening. Fun to see how physics is used! Always love science. You do a great job of explaining and relating!
Mentour you should make a video about stalls. 😁
wow, I wasn't aware about something like water injection systems in jet engines, but I wondered why old engines smoked so badly ever since. Thank you!
You explain things very well, thanks for posting your videos.
As an old Machanic for Boing 757/767 for the old german LTU company i like it a lot it brings old memory of threes years of training
Could you explain the effects that the 2010 Icelandic volcanic eruptions had on jet engines, and why small planes with piston engines weren't affected?
volcanic ash is primarily rock glass and sand al abrasive , it's a mater of velocity jet engine airflow is very high its like sandpaper on wood also any ash that gets to the primary (the center part of the engin ) starts clogging up the air passages causing hot spots damaging to the engine, Piston engines are also affected but since airflow is slower takes more time ash eats the propeller, since most piston engined aircraft have some sort of air filtration it help but not much especially since as a safety factor its mandatory that if the air filter gets blocked (wet conditions cause this to happen in minutes) an alternate path of unfiltered air will feed the engine leaving all the abrasive particle to enter the engin mix with oil the result is an engine that should last 2000 hrs to tbo drops to 50 or less hrs . its operating both types of engines with grinding dust in the air .
@@garyweber4333 precisely, that's why we need a video
Water injection is used on off-shore racing boats that use jet engines, like miss geico
Great video, thank you!
Very interesting to learn about the way that the water injection works. I had assumed it would have something to do with keeping combustion temps in check when increasing thrust, similar to anti-knock systems on Otto cycle engines. Turns out, it’s just about adding more mass to push against. Fascinating! 👏
Great video. Thanks for taking time to explain topics about aviation. ✈
Suggestion// Do a remake (in the sim) of the lion air crash and what went wrong with the current findings and explain there the MCAS and what could have been done to avoid it or not.
He has explained the MCAS already
@@tomstravels520 I know, but I mean in combination with the sim remake as stated above. I think id make a great video to explain what the plane was doing although it shouldnt.
Paul D
I agree. Good suggestion.
SIM remakes are generally inaccurate. Even with that aside the investigation reports aren't complete, almost nothing but wild speculation to base it on.
MyTech I didn’t say to solve the crash. I just suggested to do a remake with the CURRENT findings. Could make an interesting session.
question - Why do the plane wheels not pre-spin up in anticipation of landing. Always seems weird to see a wheel going from zero speed to landing speed
Because the mechanism required to make that happen will probably cost more in weight and maintenance than it will save in rubber. Good question though
Also the resultant force change equates to a decent amount of breaking.
Someone (ex RAF) once told me that on the English Electric Lightening the RAE Thurligh (UK) tried it as the tyres were ridiculously expensive (as they are extremely high pressure even by aviation standards) and it was found that it made the wheels more likely to skid/aquaplane on very wet runways. However I have looked and not found any evidence to support this other than the fact that the Lightning has an extremely high wheel loading for a fighter which would make it less likely to aquaplane anyway.
@i. rob Interesting I'll have to try and do some reading on that.
+tehsimo, writes _"question - Why do the plane wheels not pre-spin up in anticipation of landing."_
Figure out how big and heavy the engine and drivetrain components would have to be to spin the tires up and I think you will have your answer.
Also, what would happen to a plane landing if one set of wheels was spinning but the other wasn't?
just a note on water injection . years ago some gas engines on some cars and trucks water was pulled into the carburetor thru a ported vacuum line and into the combustion chamber . this stop engine ping because of higher temp . the gas needs to burn , not explode . the ported vacuum port was used so that water was sucked in only when stepping on the gas pedal and a check valve in the water storage unit so water wouldn’t flow unless needed.
Cool!
Still widely used in the hot rod scene. And even in a production context (M4 GTS).
Water or water/methanol(for freeze protection and some octane boost) was common on world war II fighters as part of the "war emergency power" boost setting.
You are the greatest. I’m a very nervous flyer, however understanding some of these things has helped me a great deal. Thank you!
those planes that used water ingestion to get that extra thrust, were they very limited in ther ability to perform go-arounds? (considering they probably used up the boost water during takeoff)
I’m not sure if they kept some in the tanks. In any case, they would be much lighter at that point so it would be less of a problem.
I dont believe so as in a go around they are already carrying alot more energy that they would at takeoff from a stop...
Will we see the flying petter outro again?
Nice video BTW keep going please
Flying Petter?! 🤔😂
@@MentourPilot it was the outro of the videos you made on the rc runway
Well details explained, thanks for knowledge sharing!
In another video you talk about why there is no grill in from of an engine, I wondered about rain and hail, this one answered that. Well done. These are all done quite well.
This is the laziest dog i've ever seen! 😂
Flug I agree! I wonder what breed they are? Almost always sleeping. Could be opiate addicts? Wonder if they're up all night?
Not really, he is just bored with the subject.
Mentour Pilot
Do you ever take your dogs with you on flights?
Jet pet cargo or on board?
They are close to the master and they know he won't leave for the next 15 minutes, as always. So, no need for any action, time to relax.
he is a pilot. XD
I wished you we’re the pilot in every plane ✈️ I traveled ❤️, I am nervous in every time I travel 😢
riza cas I was thinking the same thing!
I get freaked out too when flying but statistically i was far more likely to die in a car crash on the way to and from the airport than i am in the plane. Plane travel compared to pretty much every other form of transportation is far safer. If you dont believe me look it up. Maybe it will bring you some comfort in your next flight because it helps to trust the faa and the airlines that they know what theyre doing. And they certainly do
Your videos are great. I worry about flying and your videos really help. Thank you
Very informative, and reasonably easy to understand...particularly for flight enthusiasts like me, who have no special education or flight training. Thank you for this and all your other videos!
I like to hald-introduce myself,.. I'm simulators rescue/combat pilot, Love aviation more helicopters than planes.
kudos for you channel!
Hello Mentour Pilot, I hope you are doing absolutely fantastic!
I made the demonstration about the "water injection" in my first-year physics class some time ago. Let's consider a small plastic shuttle in which you can pump some air. If you release the cap, it flies a few tens of cm. If you add some water in it and release the cap, it will fly further. It can easily be demonstrated that the thrust depends on the mass of the exhaust. To this, as the system does not operate at a constant temperature, the dilatation of the water gas plays a role as well.
I would love to know more about the navigation system in planes: GPS, waypoint to waypoints, VOR, DME, and approach.
As always, thanks for your videos!!
It was good to refresh my memory of how centrifugal force gets rid of a majority of the water initially and then what is remaining passes into the compression stage then to combustion volume makes it a negligible amount of water that enters the combustion chamber, thanks for the refresher information!
Thanks sir I have always wanted to ask about water entering the engine and the effects . Your postings r extremely enlightening
What was the most challenging thing you faced while becoming a pilot?
If you installed a jet engine in the side of your house your wife would disapprove.
And there are people that have turbofan engines in their backyard, and they also walk in front of them when they are on jajajaja
Why do I now want a jet engine on my house?
V3ryan my wife is addicted to cleanliness & vacuums daily. A jet engine would be heaven sent!
Gordon Lawrence because you were just told you can’t 😆 so now we naturally want one
Yeah, but just think of it: 3,600 air changes per hour!
Great job explaining The question that You received from one Of yours Subscribers
Very informative! My question: How does altitude affect engine performance, efficiency, aircraft velocity limitations and structural stability?
siesta time in Spain for the Mentour dogs!
Can you please introduce your doggos in one of your videos? 🐕🐕💜
I second that proposal.
So amazing. I've learned so much from these videos. They're fab.
Excellent job describing engine function in a fashon that those without any knowledge of jet engines can understand. The complexity of a jet engine is far beyond what is explained, however adding technical details would only confuse the listener. Thank You for a great job of sharing knowledge.