StarTalk Podcast: Science of the Brain with Neil deGrasse Tyson
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- Опубликовано: 7 сен 2024
- Psychedelic drugs, dreams, mental health awareness, understanding our reality, and more - Neil deGrasse Tyson, neuroscientist Heather Berlin, PhD, and first-time comic co-host Jackie Hoffman answer fan-submitted questions about neuroscience.
You’ll learn how male and female brains differ. We explore the colorful world of psychedelic drugs. Find out why taking psychedelics is like putting your brain into a dream state. We discuss how psychedelic drugs allow unfiltered information from the world to enter your brain. Heather shocks Jackie by revealing that everyone is hallucinating most of the time as we try and break down the nature of our reality. We also discuss the idea that some people claim to see insight into the universe and beyond when experimenting with psychedelics.
Next, investigate our reality and if it’s possible that everything we experience is a figment of our imagination. As part of the discussion we take a look back at movies like The Matrix and Total Recall. You’ll explore turning certain sensory information into different sensory information, like when a blind person turns visual information into audio information for the brain to process. You’ll also discover more about synesthesia.
Finally, we explore the current state of mental health awareness. Dive into dreams as we break down the importance, or non-importance, of what your dreams are about. Neil and Heather point out the merit and flaws of Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams. You’ll find out what it means to “focus” on something. We ponder whether or not brain transplants will ever become a reality. We also wonder if you’ll be able to implant memories. All that, plus, we ask, “Do you need a brain to feel pain?”
This episode originally aired on March 22, 2019.
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About StarTalk:
Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
#StarTalk #NeildeGrasseTyson #HeatherBerlin
How have you used your brain today?
I planted a lime tree this morning
I havent.....yet
i woke up drank some water then got on youtube.
StarTalk
Thinking about cosmos season 2
We need chuck!
Neil, I want to thank you. I know more about biology, physics, astronomy from last two years on youtube, than from many years in school.
Łukasz Chojnacki I think you choosing to listen this helps you learn
Agree, and I'm really grateful to this man
Also I recommend watching Big Brains at BAM
I agree with Sam. This is a casual forum on a subject that interests you. Nothing forced here. Makes a big difference in how well it's retained. Although... you may very well have failed to comprehend any of that without the fundamental knowledge gained from prior years. I think we sometimes forget the importance of things we learn at the early stages.
I really miss the old co host., Charlie I believe hes great co star niel makes the show but Charlie brings it to another lever
Dummy
"The brain is the most important organ in the body!"
-according to the brain
boy thats trippy!
Dummm
The brain is biased like that.
Heart: Yeah, sure buddy.
Lungs: How's that oxygen?
The arrogance 😒
not even 10 minutes in and I'm already a fan of the co-host "now for a question thats close to my heart; "how do psychedelics work in the brain?""
I love having a personal astrophysicist.
As someone who has had shared dreams with people, as well as conversations in these dreams that we were able to confirm in waking reality, I think the answer to what dreams are is a lot more complex than just random firing of neurons.
I am one of these people who is very open about my personal experiences with my mental illness diagnoses. I think it goes a long way with helping people understand me and others like me. I also feel it helps to educate people and removes fear and stereotypes. Knowledge is a powerful thing and it should be shared. If people want to judge me for my brain being broken, that's on them, not me. Those of us who suffer from mental illness should not be afraid to be honest with themselves and others about it. It's not our fault, but it is our responsibility to seek help for it, as difficult as it can be at times. No matter what your personal situation though, there are resources for you.
It’s crazy how basic or even advanced chemistry somehow became biology. I mean when you boil things down to the basics it’s just chemical reactions but for some reason these sets of chemical reactions come together to form life as we know it truly truly amazing.
Its crazy how with all the advanced technology and knowledge we have its still a complete and utter mystery. We can do gene editing, cloning, split an atom, land on the moon etc but cannot make chemistry become biology and begin to self replicate. We may never know how this happened
I love Heather she knows her stuff and has a Great sense of humor great show thanks Neil!
...I would actually marry her right on the spot.
What an incredible woman!
Love the shows about understanding the brain. Please do more of these.
seeing Chuck would have been Nice
☝️I see what you did here!
@UCXzXmkp1VXyw1POd-x5SLLw what exactly is your problem / question / point?
my point was not this foggy. some humans exist out there who understood it
Jeeez im slow, well got it eventually lol
@@ilarious5729 His name is Chuck Nice
WhatchasaynuhChuck?!!!
36:11 I actually just had a nightmare of getting caught out in the woods with a bear, thinking I could sneak past, but it saw me and started charging me and I realized that there was absolutely nowhere for me to hide or escape. i woke up in fear and with a deep sense of dread all over my body. I'm pretty sure I'll never make such a mistake in real life after that terrible experience
Watching this on acid, in fact I’ve been watching for the past 5+ hours straight of star talk, Neil has both grounded me and allowed my mind to expand
Edit: I thought a lot less time was happily passed with Startalk than I have actually spent… Neil Degrasse Tyson, my personal trip sitter rofl
3 awesome hosts and a fascinating topic - I could listen to this stuff all day
Some time ago, I stopped watching Star Talk because I couldn't stand Chuck Nice, but I'm really getting into this show now. I really hope they continue making it :)
GIVE. 👏 ME. 👏 COSMOS.👏 SEASON. 👏 TWO.👏
*Or I swear to God...*
"There is no God - you need to rip that band-aid off quick!" - Rick Sanchez, "Rick and Morty".
Or we burn the Hayden planetarium to the ground..
@@carlosalba7790 ;)
Does anyone know when season 2 expected to air? I trust the commentors over google search for this kind of thing. Thanks
Didnt he say in the Spring
My brother was diagnosed as schizophrenic over 20 years ago. He converses with people we can't see nearly every day. It is usually people he has actually known in real life. Sometimes he might have a heated argument with his girlfriend who is on the other side of town, sometimes it will be with our deceased Father.
Sometimes I wonder whether a different perception of space-time has something to do with it.
MrAnperm actually it’s the part of the brain that has recall. We all hear several voices in our heads but we recognize them as thoughts. Your brother hears those thoughts but he hears those thoughts as if they are outside of him.
Heather Berlin is so interesting, I want to see her more on Star Talk. Also did she write a book, I need to read her books.
We’ve had her on a bunch of times! Search for her on our website for more.
My dream understanding (I took several psychology and a neurobiology at UCF) is that if you wake up from the REM stage of sleep and consciously recall the dream, you'll remember it again. You dream in REM, after stages 1&2 light sleep, 3 deep sleep, in REM your body is paralyzed to keep safe while dreaming. Sleep paralysis, an anxiety symptom in which you wake up before you can move and end up falling back asleep, can be scary or frustrating. For me, after looking at my arms thinking "I really need to get up now" I'd end up oversleeping. Luckily, this only seemed to happen when I slept at my parents' house while my primary home was my college apartment, so I assume it was some sort of away-from-home thing. Knock on wood the problem hasn't continued. Our brains are amazingly intricate systems.
This was an informative and fun episode at the same time. Always charming and smart Heather Berlin and Jackie Hoffman with a very subtle but very funny humor.
"Yes, everything is a brain experience in your life, and you couldn't have had a plausible plot in the movie The Matrix unless that was true..." - Neil deGrasse Tyson
This has to be some of his best scientific reasoning.
I hope you visit this topic another time soon. New information is coming down the pipe at an incredible rate. Please consider doing a show on research tools such as FMRI, PET, fluorescent proteins, genetic contribution and meta studies.
A 2 hour podcast with her would have been nice.
junior25760. : HOW MUCH PROPAGANDA & LIES , CAN U STAN .? . 😎😂🤣😂😎🔥🚀🚀🚀🚀.....
THANK U 🙏🏾 .!!!!!! . SMART , THATS WHO U ARE .!!!!! . 👍...
@@belkys120 Idiot.
I'd like to know the truth about what stage and how many days or weeks it takes for a fetus to feel pain. Some say it's very soon after conception while others say it's longer. I'd rather hear from a true expert like the guest in this podcast rather than from people who think the know but don't and not from people with an agenda.
As soon as the babies nervous system is developed..... It could feel pain
Dreams...I am a disabled veteran who is dealing with PTSD. I was a Paralegal in the Army and I had a case where a man from my unit murdered a friend of mine. I dealt with nightmares for quite a while running through how she was killed. And it has been quite a while since I had a nightmare about this but I still remember it distinctly to this day. But since then I don't believe I have had a dream, either. Since summer of 1991, I have not slept longer than 5 hours a night.I am sorry that there is a lot to deal with in this post.
get rid of the lightning round thing. i'd rather hear one question fully explored than a bunch of quick questions with short answers.
DragonHunterG ehh, I think its fine personally. Allows them to cover a lot of subjects in little amount of time. like getting a Snapple fact.
It's become like star talk's thing feels like a bonus round for me! I get excited in seeing what will come about with the intelligent answer when rushed.
Maybe they can do a query addition on previous sound bits?
Cosmic addition lighting round?
Disagree. If they're out of time may as well go hard.
Everything Neil Degrasse Tyson does is super interesting
usually I like chuck but jackie is hilarious, lol id like to see her more on here
Ok someone needs to make an animated short of Neil fighting a lobster 😂
oml this would be pleasing in every possible way
I like how she called him sadistic lol... I got the thought of NDT taking this as his most manliest thing to for his wife besides opening the pickle jar
BRING OUT THE DANCING LOBSTERS!!!!
It's so amazing to listen Heather. She's explaining everything so well and interestingly. It's for sure that she's a great scientist but she's also a great speaker.
Love Heather's hair.
Most of my dreams nowadays that I remember are just random events taking place where I work, which sometimes causes me to not know if I dreamt something or if it actually happened. Other dreams have been either nonsense or awesome. I've had lots of zombie dreams, and the things that I've seen in my dreams are so detailed.
I once had a dream about Digimon, and the monsters were in my dream and they were more realistic and it was amazing.
Awareness never changes, No matter the happenings going on. Only tye activity of the self-contraction deludes us into other perspectives. Consciousness is what we truly are.
Regarding psychedelics - why is it that many people taking plant medicine will often have similar visions of certain alien species or “spirit guides”? If it’s entirely internal, shouldn’t all of these visions be unique and different from each other? But instead, we see that there’s always a few “species” or “guides” who show up more commonly than others? Why is that?
Boom. Thing is about all these researchers talking about psychedelics is that they've never done them themselves.
It might have to do with how human beings have a natural tendency to imagine living beings, as opposed to static objects; as living beings make up a large part of human existence. For example, they're essential for ensuring survival (food sharing + being part of a tribe) or recognising threats (which are also usually caused by living things). When the brain is facing a situation that it doesn't know how to deal with, it makes sense that it tries to identify its situation by looking for cues (and evolutionarily speaking, that would've meant looking for any threats from animals or humans). I may be entirely wrong, but I think it's a compatible theory.
I am immensely qualified to speak on this subject as i am known in my community as a "hero" tripper. Hero tripper being roughly defined as an idiot who takes super high doses as a rule. I personally have seen astounding things, awesome, and terrifying. However, in my (admittedly subjective) experience, i have never made linguistic contact with any being witnessed. In other words ive never experienced something describable as a guide.
Please bring doctor mike as a guest to this show and have a section of medicine! Please, please, please...please:(
Get dr. Mike fans tweet this to them en masse, i don't have twitter and im lazy but would like to see this 😱
I wanted to share an experience. I watched a live version with your neuroscience panel that included actress Mayim Bialik. I watch all of your panel discussions and Cosmic Queries. Getting to the point, on this one discussion the topic of people in comas came up. And I was a little miffed at the pragmatic attitude regarding the subject of some people defying the coma and coming out,,, Recently my sister's stepson was in a horrific vehicle accident. The result of course was that he was on life support, in a coma, the doctors were saying he had no brain activity and no chance of recovery. My sister and her family are filled with Faith, I told her, pleaded with her to NOT pull the plug on this boy. Well at this point he is in rehab, working on his motor skills and speech, he is fully aware and suffers only from the neurological path of recovering his skills. All the doctors could do is shake their heads. They had no answer of course. My message? Stop telling families to kill their loved ones. Doctors are NOT always right. Some may thank Faith and God, regardless of the reasons for recovery I shudder at the amount of people killed because no one questions the doctors. And in this particular case it was the direct result of the live panel discussion and the remarks made during it. Neuroscientists may be able to flippantly dismiss the rare recovery,,,but each patient has a family and all the statistics in the world mean NOTHING to these families. It's a life, it's a son or daughter, wife or husband that means EVERYTHING to these families. And my sister's stepson is a PRIME EXAMPLE. I am glad I convinced her to stay the course. It took weeks and weeks of staying the course despite doctors saying he was brain dead. Well he's not.
As a programmer I am totally behind the use of "reinstanciate" or whatever you spell that.
Lol same
Because of Star Talk, my commute home is bearable! Thank you! 🖤🌌🌠👩🔬
Thanks again DR. Tyson! I always enjoy Dr. Berlin. Ms. Hoffman was a fun guest.
I just started watching startalk.. I gotta say this one of my favorite. It's super interesting how are brain works! I wish then can do another one with her.
This man has the loveliest voice for a podcast
Out of all the brainwitches... this is my favorite! She explains so well and is so honest...
I'm sure she'd love being called a brain witch...
11:32 great answer on how things you hallucinate are all coming from you, it's only that you can no longer tell it's internal and not external
Ohh, bring them every week please! thank Neil! Always love the neuroscienc topics! Big shout out from Portugal
Neuroscience is hefty ficionado tooic
Being AWARE is not brain activity!?? Here I am being Aware of the happenings around me, i pinch myself and am Aware of the pain.
7:34 I think another difference is that when a man is angry he's more likely to try hurt you physically, but if a woman's angry she's more likely to try to hurt you emotionally🤷♂️🤷♂️🤷♂️ that's just my experiences though
I like this, which one is more painful? Worst? Which one can we get over easier or are they both connected by the experience in the brain?
If a tree falls in the forest and no one (even an animal) hears it, then no it does not make a sound. It makes a vibration. The vibration has to be picked up by a working ear and sent to the brain which translates it into the sensory experience we call sound. So if only a snake, which has no ears, or a totally deaf person is close enough, then the vibration is felt, not heard, so it is not a sound.
Truly great episode! Enjoyed it very much indeed! Thanks Neil and co!
This is awesome. Feel completely at home here.
That old lady a gangsta XDDD She's my new role model
Any data,internally or externally motivated,
quantifiable,specific,measurable,,must be reliable,verifiable,by replicated sources.So however you want to play with this,,,anchor it in science.One more time.Anchor it.Thats why,I love science.
My dad was blind from birth AND deaf in 1 ear. Everything else was superhuman.
Superbaby? Poor grandma...
22:04
1 is navy blue
2 is cool red
3 is orange
4 is cool red but warmer than 2
5 is a desaturated cyan
6 is lawn green
7 is orange
8 is chickpea yellow
9 is a richer yellow
10 is sky blue and white
11 is black
Love this episode, very insightful and thought provoking
Interesting to see the different focus of viewers as they comment from visual cues rather than the discussion points???
Neil, glad to see you again. Very interesting episode with very good guests and questions. I like your jokes, thank you that you keep things understandable with them. Keep it up
Sometimes people know they are talking to themselves and do so to relieve stress. I would like to hear more about that.
Neil i appreciate, when referencing LSD for her example, you claimed “nice and clean.” I appreciate that comment as LSD-25 and its analogues are relatively safe for our neurochemistry compared to some of the new designer chemicals. The LD-50 is so far from achievable for a consumer. That is my reference for appreciating Neils comment.
Still dangerous, you need to read up and prepare, be safe. Get your drugs tested IF you are going to ingest a chemical. Period.
Do you know of any tests to find out the LD-50? I'd be up for the task😉
This was definitely one of the best episodes of Star Talk. Very great information!!!
Aneurysm survivor here, very lucky and had it clipped before it burst.
Heather is always a great guest.
then this is likely why most of us actually hear the voice of authors we are familiar with when reading their work. Because at a very early age we were reading along with someone reading to us.
Everything has to be internally experienced if you believe that it is through your mind
Very brave to have that conversation in the beginning, kinda sad that it needs to be had.
I love the fact that they did, largely because Neil had a gender theorist on a couple of years ago, and he seemed to have no problem with the things being said. I was afraid he'd betrayed the scientific method...
I love Heather. She's so interesting and beautiful.
Dreams are a threat rehersal. This would explain why I constantly have nightmares due to PTSD.
Love the podcast as always, however i felt the answer given by Heather on psychedelics was a bit too brief so a lot of people can get a bit of a wrong idea maybe. Everything she says is correct, except i would add that, eventho the voices heard during psychedelic experiences are generated internally, that in no way reduces their significance. During a psychedelic state as she said, different parts of the brain are able to communicate with parts that they very rarely could communicate with each other in waking life and that might lead to some very profound realizations, outside or inside does not matter, profound realizations that can change peoples lives in a positive way. What i have noticed is when people have these experiences, they map onto them whatever belief systems they themselves hold, but the core experience and feeling is always the same, people just call it angels, spirits, gods or whatever, but the feeling is the same. And nonbelievers have just as profound experiences as anyone that is religious, only difference being that they do not add any extra unneeded stories to their experience and just see it as what it is. Btw i have some videos on the psychedelic experience on my channel including ego death, and also tons of science stuff!
Interesting stuff, I think she would of approve
Best episode to blaze and watch.
Years ago I learned how the brain works and essentially became a functioning solipsist. It works for me in a weird way.
How does a solipsist live? What difference has it had before you became a functioning solipsist?
@@rohlay00 Eh, it’s basically that this Nerd Fu believes in nothing outside of their own mind and nothing outside of our own human self. That the mind exists on its own. I was raised Catholic so I don’t really agree with that, but I also kinda like Buddhist ideals in that we are here and as long as we are here we should be mindful of ourselves and others.
One of my favourite subjects
Would love to see Science lovers like Jim Carrey, Micheal Stevens, Stephen Colbert (again because why not).
Very entertaining & educational discussion and I appreciated the segment on psychedelics. Science is an incredibly useful tool to help explain what we experience however it does have limitations and its a trap to fall into the belief that science has all the answers (Terrence McKenna was always good at speaking to this). Science is only as good as our tools & means of measurement, and describing the psychedelic experience exclusively from the scientific perspective does not take into consideration other possibilities. Science is one way to quantify our experience and doesn't have all the answers even about how our brains function, or for example the question of what is consciousness? There are numerous examples of indigenous shamans acquiring information from some unseen mechanism (i.e. the spirit realm, other dimensions, or nature) that science cannot explain. Or take for example the complexity of our own planet. We still don't know how all the myriad systems & life forms function together as a whole or what will happen if something is suddenly removed or added or a species goes extinct. Mystery is an often under-appreciated experience in these technological times and I think of Van Morrison's song "Sense of Wonder". So much of this experience we have of life is subjective....I take comfort in the understanding that we will never have all the answers.
9:10 keep wiggling your hands like that while talking about lsd please.
22:00 synesthesia is awesome. For me, music is like watching movies, or at least seeing trippy colors and motions. Best abnormality ever. Music without lyrics tell amazing stories!
More with these ladies please
when I was in the ship repair business, my dreams showed the solution, effectivley whether it was a leak or a cracked part.
Now I want to become a neuroscientist 😂
I looked into it for about 8 minutes... 😐
2 Great stimulating movies everyone should watch! "Idiocracy" and "Dude where's my car?" (learn the secrets of the continuum transfunctioner) 🤯
21:35 I don't have the colors/letters thing but I have always had this weird association between colors and numbers (in my imagination; when I'm thinking about the numbers). One is always black, two is white, three is red, four is brown, five is orange, six is light blue, seven is dark blue, eight is yellow, nine is green, zero is transparent. I was born on October 14th 1970 (same day that Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier but exactly 33 years later in the Bell X-1).
Really love this episode, I think this might be one of the best StarTalk session.
The guest is great
So, are dreams random or arbitrary. Seems like a pedantic question, but the answer really does change my understanding of the subject.
I don't understand how one can store memories better than someone else. Meaning they think about them more? Because there are memories that I have that I can't currently remember but they're in a folder somewhere up there.
I'm a guy, but I don't understand the concept enough to say how well I store emotional memories.
I would love to see Eben Alexander come on the show to explore his near death experience in relation to his medical records.
Go Bob Seger and the Silver Bullet Band. Awesome as always Neil
With how often I have deja vu, I'm open to the possibility that I'm seeing random future events in my dream.
Or smoking weed has given me constant deja vu. Is that something I need to talk to someone about? Excessive deja vu? Because it makes me think that I'm dreaming the future or I'm in a time loop time loop time loop time loop.
Great Talk with Heather she's awesome!!!
For the Nerds out there, live long and star talker.
I'm having MAJOR Deja Vu.. I'm not joking, I saw this exact podcast at least 1-year ago...
I only watch this now cause i thought i've seen this, i was so sure every time i saw this on my sub box 😱 luckily its all new to me after all
The things and persons in your dreams have symbology to things, but you may or may not understand them all. Anxiety and wonder comes in symbols. You may dream something you fear happening. It's just a handling of your anxiety.
13:15 got me chills from there man
Queensland Australia, I've been taught to put our mudcrabs in the freezer for 20 minutes before putting in the boiling water to cook, as it "puts them to sleep". Neil you could of course still take the claw ties off to give it a biting chance. Would like to know if they still feel like they are boiling alive but to cold to move, could be a neuroscience question?
These ladies are great ❤❤❤❤
Honestly, this was so good
11:26 to 13:22
Wonder if Rogan has heard this side of the topic?
He loves facts so hopefully he'll check this out.
Really enjoyed this topic and the guests!
Informative and engaging.
Would it dream reminds me of “Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep”? Great show Neil!
Imagination comes from within you but reality includes external stimuli from our real environment.
I wish this was available in Spanish for monolingual speakers. 😀
I have a question about what your opinion is on Neuroethics and mind control?
Heather could be on every show as far as I am concerned.
We love having Heather on!