🎥 Watch more than 180+ other exclusive videos on youtube: ruclips.net/channel/UCMmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fwjoin or patreon: www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. Support us on Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kingsandgenerals as well!
Great video. It demonstrates how it was not a sure thing that the Ottoman forces were going to win. There was a chance that the siege could have failed.
Hey guys, I'm Ege Gunes, the head researcher and writer for the first season on the history of the Ottomans here at K&G. I just wanted to take a second to thank you all for all the positive comments and support over the last two years on our series and onwards to season two!
@@MW2_9 they plan to make a series about the whole history of the ottoman empire from 13th to 20th century. The first season was the rise of the ottoman empire, Constantinople 1453 was the season final. The next season will cover the following events (i think they said in a live stream at least to vienna 1529). In total we can probably expect 4 or more seasons over the next years
@@Kili2807not sure but I think there will be atleast 1 if not 2 videos looking at Skanderbeg's pov and covering some of his most brilliant victories like Albulena, Italian expedition, Macedonian campaign etc
The Roman Empire began as a city-state and ended as a city-state. Who would have thought that a village of outcasts and scum would give rise to one of the greatest empires in history?
IT was the strong islamic faith that made the ottomans strong ever since osman ottomans or kayi at that time believed in jihad as a way of achieving glory, they only had two things in mind one was to fight in the way of ALLAH second was to create a strong muslim state in the region and to expand the religion. thier faith was strong to an extent that they believed that if they survive than they are GHAZI(HOLY WARRIORS) AND if died than SHAHEED(martyrs) they believed strongly that struggle and heaven is meant for them same faith has been utilized by many muslims throughout the centuries including arabs fighting against eastern roman empire and sassanid persia or salahudding ayubi and nuruddin zengi fighting against crusaders .
@stmc2618 The Crusaders were warriors dedicated to God, with the cross of Christ as their standard. In the Iberian Peninsula, they freed the region from Muslim rule, allowing maritime exploration and the formation of global empires. They spread the Christian faith, destroyed the Turkish Empire after centuries of strife and contributed to the creation of Israel. And it is never too late to retake Constantinople. I bet we can count on the Armenians and Kurds for payback.
The Founder of Constantinople was Constantin and last emperor also Constantin. The ottoman who took over Constantinople was Mehmed and the last ottoman Caliph Mehmed... It acurre on three other places.
Man this is such a massive upgrade from the older video you did years ago! I love the new additions of details and the context given for the siege. Thank you so much Kings and Generals for making such a great finale for this season! Cant wait for future episodes!
Mehmed II had the most legendary Rogues Gallery in history. The fact that various legendary historical figures like Constantine XI, Vlad Dracula, Skanderbeg, John Hunyadi, Stephen the Great and Uzun Hasan all end up becoming his enemies is almost unprecedented in history.
@@aimanmarzuqi4804The funniest rivalry has to be that with Uzun Hasan, the whole beef was caused by envy due to European kingdoms calling Mehmed II "Grand Turk" while styling Uzun Hasan "Little Turk", can't blame Hasan calling a man nicknamed Uzun(tall) little is a no go
That serie was very good and interesting. You are keep making your videos quality better and better. I hope your efforts will pay off. Love you soo much Kings and Generalss
Constantine XI could truly be considered one of the great emperors of Rome, its a shame he had to be its last one. The Eastern Romans and Constantine lived and died in those final days as true Romans would, fighting and dying as only the true inheritors as Rome could. The Romans of antiquity would have been proud to know that when the fall of their empire came, it came at a bloody price to its enemies.
Constantine XI was always just remembered as a person who inherited a hopeless situation, but the only good thing about him at least is that he made the best of it, unlike all his predecessors.
It's going to be a hard watch for me, and no, I don't care about the Turkish nationalists trying to say otherwise. Rome ended with Constantine XI. No historian ever said the Ottomans were a continuation of Rome.
@@cursedex3755 As a Turkish nationalist, I agree. The sand cult is not suited to advanced societies. While Mehmed II was somewhat an intellectual, most sultans after him lacked this quality until Mahmud II.
44:08 aw yesss that music!!! finally it's back, thanks to kings and generals for bringing that back, i hope you will always use that music in your future videos again!!
While Mehmed II's mostly credited for his conquest of Constantinople but he also conquered many other key regions such as Crimea, Morea, Trebizond, Otranto,...
Even for kings and generals. The Romans provided more than half of their content. It is hard to get out of the shadow of the longest lasting state in human history.
This is such an amazing end to the first season! Looking forward to much more with the upcoming seasons. You guys have done such an amazing job with this series and many, many others. For the next season, are you planning to use the same animation style with the maps and battles? It looks great with the style you are using now.
Well, it is not shocking of how they did it since years ago, my ancestors enforced the same strategy in Nicea in the 1st crusade. The shock came as they weren't informed or being repeled by the latins on the opposite side of the city.
Amazing video Kings and Generals definitely worth the wait Sidenote for anyone wondering theres a game called Lines of Battle featuring battles like these
I don't know how you guys do it but you guys get better and better, the sher quality and narration of this video is of such high quality it should be taught in schools all over the world !
This video is really great, even if you watch the Netflix series of siege of Constantinople then you can understand it even more . Please continue this series and i really like your quality of work, thanks as always for making history my favourite subject ever.
Man... The fall of Constantinople is a very big historical even that totally worth to see it and read about it, it changed Europe's geopolitics but also influenced a lot of decisions of many European countries that would shape the world history for the next 500 years!!!
Like IT that you made a Remastered of the ottoman history. Hope you made it more detailed. Because after the Siege of Vienna 1683 there Was in the 18.Century more battles and Wars.
I always read everywhere that Constantinople fell because they forgot to lock that door lol, but its clear it was over regardless of whatever happened in that section of the fight. Great video as always!
As a Muslim Syrian Arab the conquest of Constantinople is one of those great moments in Islamic history that all Muslims from Morocco to Indonesia take pride in alongside the battles of Yarmouk, Qadissiya, Badr, Ain Jalut, and Hittin The Ottoman Legacy continues to draw admiration and respect among 1.8 billion Muslims even to this day, and we thank you everyone in this channel who worked tirelessly to present and fair and transparent account of Islamic History Your efforts is always appreciated
Nah, not all Muslims love it, a lot of Arabs today don't like them, for example I am a Yemeni Arab and I don't like them at all, thats why my ancestors resisted the conquest
The Turkish conquest of Constantinople is regarded as the symbolic end of the Middle Ages and the prime indicator for the age of gunpowder warfare, ending and starting eras should be the norm of a visionary like Mehmed the Conqueror
@@Greek.history.enthusiastok, but even respect to the fact that all of Istanbul was not Constantinople, and that all the monuments and architecture visible in the city today don't have a connection to the Byzantine Empire, except for Hagia Sophia, which even the Turks have altered.
Considering how outnumbered and vulnerably positioned they were, it's amazing they held out as long as they did during the siege. Brutal and astounding feats by both sides. This wasn't the one-sided battle I'd always been led to understand it was. Thank you for so much detailed information. I also never knew how much involvement Chios had in this chapter of history; a very long and close friend of the family is from Chios, and returned to live there after retiring.
51:13 Thank you K&G for this incredible nostalgia, I miss this song that played when a major setback occurred in the Ottomans, I'm like Julius Caesar when he saw the statue of Alexander and started to lament,crying here because while there are some who, at 20 years old, already conquer cities and others, at 20 years old, conquer from Hellas to Bharat, Here I am, 19 years old, I still haven't managed to pursue the college course I wanted, frustrations in relationships and difficulties in entrepreneurship, but that's it, just like Mehmed II and Alexander the Great, don't give up on your goal.
"Indeed, we have granted you a clear victory. And Allah will help you with a glorious victory." Surah Al-Fath - 1-10 (Mehmed the Conqueror 1453)🙏 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
You guys should make a series about the rise of Lithuania next. Cuz seeing a massive Lithuania in the map makes me and other people want to learn more about it.
What a colossal end to such a magnificent empire - The real question wasn't so much that it would fall, but rather how did it survive so long? Outstanding video K&G crew.
Thank you for making a video of Fall of Constantinople! I've been interested at this event recently and it's a coincidence that there's a video for it!
Western Empire had its true heroes and brilliant leaders during its last years too, but they were not emperors, only statesmen and army marshals - "magister militum". Aetius and Stilicho were among them,.
@chris894r god what if majorian was reborn after the nicene empire reconquered constantinople from the Latins. Or in 1071. What he did with the west. If he did that to the east would jave been glorious
Even pre-Ottoman times Turks always had the zeal of conquering Constantinople; Attila's Huns, a Seljuk-Pecheneg-Tzachas coalition plotted a siege of the city while Kutrigurs, Avars, & Bulgars led by Krum besieged it directly
Great video. Both sides gave it their all, so much desperation, politics, economic insights, strategies, and twists played out in this grand siege alone. What a mighty conclusion to a resilient, long lasting and influential empire, and a stunning rise to a new Islamic superpower, ready to show more of their martial and military prowess to Europe. Can't wait to see more.
Everyone was impressed when they saw the titles of the Spanish monarchy, including those of states that no longer exist, such as Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem and the most recent Was King of Two Sicily.
Just to elaborate on the fratricide law, in Turkish tradition, a king cannot choose his successor. That is God's prerogative. Only he chooses kings and blesses a leader with power. The law stated that fratricide was "appropriate", not a mandate. The rhetoric and justification behind the law at the time was, "should one family suffer or a whole country?"
🎥 Watch more than 180+ other exclusive videos on youtube: ruclips.net/channel/UCMmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fwjoin or patreon: www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. Support us on Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kingsandgenerals as well!
Here before the video goes viral
@@InterVision-mw5fs Ok?
Man if not for the gate opening, the Ottomans would have been unsuccessful to take over the city and maybe the Pope would have came to the rescue.
Great video. It demonstrates how it was not a sure thing that the Ottoman forces were going to win. There was a chance that the siege could have failed.
Hey guys, I'm Ege Gunes, the head researcher and writer for the first season on the history of the Ottomans here at K&G. I just wanted to take a second to thank you all for all the positive comments and support over the last two years on our series and onwards to season two!
Thank you for the great work 👍🏼
Thank you Ege for giving us such a great series so far and I think you are not quite finished yet!
Thank you for sharing your work with us!
Kolay gelsin Ege
@@OttomanHistoryHub amazing work! Such a great series!!
I still remember when the original siege of Constantinople was posted, the difference in quality and details is insane.
now I understand why it took so long for this one to be released. 50 mins of Kings and Generals, thats like a heaven
I hope the break isn’t too long. This is my favorite series ❤
Working on the long video with additional stuff
Do you already know if the events in Albanis 1452/53 will be included in the new season or in the long video for the first season?
@@Kili2807 whats this talk of seasons? could someone enlighten me?
@@MW2_9 they plan to make a series about the whole history of the ottoman empire from 13th to 20th century. The first season was the rise of the ottoman empire, Constantinople 1453 was the season final. The next season will cover the following events (i think they said in a live stream at least to vienna 1529). In total we can probably expect 4 or more seasons over the next years
@@Kili2807not sure but I think there will be atleast 1 if not 2 videos looking at Skanderbeg's pov and covering some of his most brilliant victories like Albulena, Italian expedition, Macedonian campaign etc
The Roman Empire began as a city-state and ended as a city-state. Who would have thought that a village of outcasts and scum would give rise to one of the greatest empires in history?
🇬🇷🇮🇹🫡
IT was the strong islamic faith that made the ottomans strong ever since osman ottomans or kayi at that time believed in jihad as a way of achieving glory, they only had two things in mind one was to fight in the way of ALLAH second was to create a strong muslim state in the region and to expand the religion. thier faith was strong to an extent that they believed that if they survive than they are GHAZI(HOLY WARRIORS) AND if died than SHAHEED(martyrs) they believed strongly that struggle and heaven is meant for them same faith has been utilized by many muslims throughout the centuries including arabs fighting against eastern roman empire and sassanid persia or salahudding ayubi and nuruddin zengi fighting against crusaders .
Thats true for all empires :P
THE greatest
@stmc2618 The Crusaders were warriors dedicated to God, with the cross of Christ as their standard. In the Iberian Peninsula, they freed the region from Muslim rule, allowing maritime exploration and the formation of global empires. They spread the Christian faith, destroyed the Turkish Empire after centuries of strife and contributed to the creation of Israel. And it is never too late to retake Constantinople. I bet we can count on the Armenians and Kurds for payback.
The Founder of Constantinople was Constantin and last emperor also Constantin.
The ottoman who took over Constantinople was Mehmed and the last ottoman Caliph Mehmed...
It acurre on three other places.
The amount of effort put into this video is apparent.keep it up
Thanks!
@@KingsandGeneralsplease realase more videos on this series and kindly be more detail about sultan mehmed Han life speeches etc .
Man this is such a massive upgrade from the older video you did years ago! I love the new additions of details and the context given for the siege. Thank you so much Kings and Generals for making such a great finale for this season! Cant wait for future episodes!
Great ending of the season finale, can't wait for season 2 to begin! Mehmed II, Skanderbeg & Vlad Dracula all in one video will be superb
Mehmed II had the most legendary Rogues Gallery in history. The fact that various legendary historical figures like Constantine XI, Vlad Dracula, Skanderbeg, John Hunyadi, Stephen the Great and Uzun Hasan all end up becoming his enemies is almost unprecedented in history.
Skanderbeg's real name was George kastriotis
@@aimanmarzuqi4804The funniest rivalry has to be that with Uzun Hasan, the whole beef was caused by envy due to European kingdoms calling Mehmed II "Grand Turk" while styling Uzun Hasan "Little Turk", can't blame Hasan calling a man nicknamed Uzun(tall) little is a no go
@@Greek.history.enthusiastaren’t you tired 🤡
@@nenenindonu 🤣
Thank you Ege Gunes from Ottoman History Hub for producing this series. Gratefull for you man 🥳🥳🥳🥳🥳
That serie was very good and interesting. You are keep making your videos quality better and better. I hope your efforts will pay off. Love you soo much Kings and Generalss
Constantine XI could truly be considered one of the great emperors of Rome, its a shame he had to be its last one. The Eastern Romans and Constantine lived and died in those final days as true Romans would, fighting and dying as only the true inheritors as Rome could. The Romans of antiquity would have been proud to know that when the fall of their empire came, it came at a bloody price to its enemies.
Constantine XI was always just remembered as a person who inherited a hopeless situation, but the only good thing about him at least is that he made the best of it, unlike all his predecessors.
It's going to be a hard watch for me, and no, I don't care about the Turkish nationalists trying to say otherwise. Rome ended with Constantine XI. No historian ever said the Ottomans were a continuation of Rome.
@@cursedex3755 As a Turkish nationalist, I agree. The sand cult is not suited to advanced societies. While Mehmed II was somewhat an intellectual, most sultans after him lacked this quality until Mahmud II.
@@cursedex3755 Turkish nationalists rarely say that you just want to make a scene dramatic fella
was he the one who gathered all the priests to make christianty make sense and to unify the view of the trinity?
I hope you guys keep remaking the old vids like this adding more detail among other things its awesome!!!
44:08 aw yesss that music!!! finally it's back, thanks to kings and generals for bringing that back, i hope you will always use that music in your future videos again!!
i mean really, that music is a very iconic in your channel, i hope you can more often use that song again in your videos
@@cnw6306what's it called?
@@MohamedAli-xu3uw the music title?
@cnw6306 yes
While Mehmed II's mostly credited for his conquest of Constantinople but he also conquered many other key regions such as Crimea, Morea, Trebizond, Otranto,...
Thats why he is known as the conqueror
this has been an amazing journey.thank you kings and generals for this amazing series
The most waited episode of the series. Get ready for some comment wars
No matter how many times i hear or see this account it always hits hard in the feelings
Even for kings and generals. The Romans provided more than half of their content. It is hard to get out of the shadow of the longest lasting state in human history.
This is such an amazing end to the first season! Looking forward to much more with the upcoming seasons. You guys have done such an amazing job with this series and many, many others. For the next season, are you planning to use the same animation style with the maps and battles? It looks great with the style you are using now.
I liked the well orchestrated music in the background
Byzantine reaction to a naval crossing by land:
"Well shit,that definitely wasn't on today's bingo card."
Well, it is not shocking of how they did it since years ago, my ancestors enforced the same strategy in Nicea in the 1st crusade. The shock came as they weren't informed or being repeled by the latins on the opposite side of the city.
IMAGINE, the defenders of the city seeing the ships being dragged across the mountains 😳
Amazing video Kings and Generals definitely worth the wait
Sidenote for anyone wondering theres a game called Lines of Battle featuring battles like these
One of the most extraordinary events in history. One of the greatest commanders ever. Sultan Mehmet Fateh Khan 🌹🌟⚔️
Holy moly50 min! Your are amazing guys!
Press F to pay respect
I don't know how you guys do it but you guys get better and better, the sher quality and narration of this video is of such high quality it should be taught in schools all over the world !
47:17 that moment! 🔥 Great video, Love 'kings & generals' from Bangladesh🇧🇩! ❤
What a journey!
This video is really great, even if you watch the Netflix series of siege of Constantinople then you can understand it even more . Please continue this series and i really like your quality of work, thanks as always for making history my favourite subject ever.
Great video and great series, I cant wait for the next season, your Ottoman videos are some of your best!
Oh finally! Been waiting so long for this! Thank you K&G!
Man... The fall of Constantinople is a very big historical even that totally worth to see it and read about it, it changed Europe's geopolitics but also influenced a lot of decisions of many European countries that would shape the world history for the next 500 years!!!
Thank you for the good video it was full of information I hope people enjoy it as well
Brilliant work. Learned more than 10 years in school. Sağ olun!
Thank you!
Wow long one! Excited to watch! Been dreading this video though. 😢
How much have I been waiting for this episode?
Been waiting for this...plz also release 2nd crusade episodes its been a while...you started too many series man....keep up the great work❤
Thanks a lot! It is by far the greatest episode of this series and it worth w
The best series in the channel!
Another amazing vid worth the wait! Can wait for the next season this is my fav series.
Like IT that you made a Remastered of the ottoman history. Hope you made it more detailed. Because after the Siege of Vienna 1683 there Was in the 18.Century more battles and Wars.
I always read everywhere that Constantinople fell because they forgot to lock that door lol, but its clear it was over regardless of whatever happened in that section of the fight. Great video as always!
😅 westerners and there doing just to water and cope on the staggering and most cinematic siege in Human history
Well researched & produced series to all involved in the K&G team.
Thank you!
As a Muslim Syrian Arab the conquest of Constantinople is one of those great moments in Islamic history that all Muslims from Morocco to Indonesia take pride in alongside the battles of Yarmouk, Qadissiya, Badr, Ain Jalut, and Hittin
The Ottoman Legacy continues to draw admiration and respect among 1.8 billion Muslims even to this day, and we thank you everyone in this channel who worked tirelessly to present and fair and transparent account of Islamic History
Your efforts is always appreciated
Nah, not all Muslims love it, a lot of Arabs today don't like them, for example I am a Yemeni Arab and I don't like them at all, thats why my ancestors resisted the conquest
Incredible!
Such was the end of the Roman empire. Not the pitiful whimper that was 476, but instead the bang of 1453.
Excellent work 🎩
Fantastic video as usual. I love that I discovered it while waiting to play the Byzantines in EU4.
That's the video I've been waiting fot.
Great video man, keep it up!
Love it, what a banger, man, what a last stand
great video as always!
Excellent video 😊
The great city just diminishes
I hope you guys will make a vlad dracula vs mehmed ii videos soon
@@debbielungsodaitfllo It’s coming. It’ll be in season 2 of the Ottoman series.
We need a season 2
Thanks I was waiting for this for 2 mknths
Since the release of 2nd battle of Kosovo the wait for this epic seige was worth it.Will wait for season 2.Thank you king and generals, amazing video.
50 minutes!! amazing
What a way to finish this season. Amazing work. The best series about turkish history ever
Inagine how these videos will be if Total War didn’t exist. Don’t get me wrong, you’re doing a great job. I love your videos
The Turkish conquest of Constantinople is regarded as the symbolic end of the Middle Ages and the prime indicator for the age of gunpowder warfare, ending and starting eras should be the norm of a visionary like Mehmed the Conqueror
As a Greek i kind of respect him due to the fact that he still called the city as Constantinople(konstantiniyye)
It depends: for southeastern Europe 1453 makes sense as a ending point for the middle ages while in Western Europe around 1500 is a better year
@@Greek.history.enthusiastok, but even respect to the fact that all of Istanbul was not Constantinople, and that all the monuments and architecture visible in the city today don't have a connection to the Byzantine Empire, except for Hagia Sophia, which even the Turks have altered.
@@Xirsiev Roman Constantinople mostly corresponds to the Fatih district (Golden Horn area) of Istanbul, Fatih being the epithet of Mehmed II
Constantine XI Palaeologus was an extremely competent and inspiring leader, a true baws for dying for what he belived - a true legend!💪 MY RESPECC🙏
Considering how outnumbered and vulnerably positioned they were, it's amazing they held out as long as they did during the siege. Brutal and astounding feats by both sides. This wasn't the one-sided battle I'd always been led to understand it was. Thank you for so much detailed information. I also never knew how much involvement Chios had in this chapter of history; a very long and close friend of the family is from Chios, and returned to live there after retiring.
51:13 Thank you K&G for this incredible nostalgia, I miss this song that played when a major setback occurred in the Ottomans, I'm like Julius Caesar when he saw the statue of Alexander and started to lament,crying here because while there are some who, at 20 years old, already conquer cities and others, at 20 years old, conquer from Hellas to Bharat, Here I am, 19 years old, I still haven't managed to pursue the college course I wanted, frustrations in relationships and difficulties in entrepreneurship, but that's it, just like Mehmed II and Alexander the Great, don't give up on your goal.
What is the name of song or soundtrack plzz
@ahmedbakkahmecca8191 Civilization 6 Arabia the (medieval era)
Ty for the video, cant wait to see the next episode.
The animations are so good 🤩, I love this series, great work 🥳
Really loved this detailed episode, very informative ❤❤❤
Who needs movie when you have K&G long videos❤
"Indeed, we have granted you a clear victory. And Allah will help you with a glorious victory." Surah Al-Fath - 1-10 (Mehmed the Conqueror 1453)🙏 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
You guys should make a series about the rise of Lithuania next. Cuz seeing a massive Lithuania in the map makes me and other people want to learn more about it.
What a colossal end to such a magnificent empire - The real question wasn't so much that it would fall, but rather how did it survive so long? Outstanding video K&G crew.
Worth the wait ❤
Hope Your next vid is about the siege of Belgrade.Thank You
thank you very much for this, you are doing an excellent work and your videos are very educative,
Awesomeness
Pls do Ottoman-Georgian conflicts it will be very interesting for matter of education.
Thank you for making a video of Fall of Constantinople! I've been interested at this event recently and it's a coincidence that there's a video for it!
Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍
Great video! Will you continue this series with the Great Turkish War? I'm excited...
Well thank you for this I will watch later ❤
Last Eastern Roman Empire Caesar was real chad unlike the Western one.
Western Empire had its true heroes and brilliant leaders during its last years too, but they were not emperors, only statesmen and army marshals - "magister militum". Aetius and Stilicho were among them,.
@chris894r god what if majorian was reborn after the nicene empire reconquered constantinople from the Latins. Or in 1071. What he did with the west. If he did that to the east would jave been glorious
To be fair the last Roman Emperor was a 16 year old.
Daym, the music in the back ground is from ultimate admirals dreadnought. A nicer surprise
Well done-you could have reported more on what the Ottomans did after the siege and amazing display of civility.
I cried.
idk how many times i have seen a vidio about the siege of constantinople but god dam i have a lot and just dont seem to get bored
Epic!
Even pre-Ottoman times Turks always had the zeal of conquering Constantinople; Attila's Huns, a Seljuk-Pecheneg-Tzachas coalition plotted a siege of the city while Kutrigurs, Avars, & Bulgars led by Krum besieged it directly
Chef's kiss 👌👌. On the grand end of this series
This one makes me cry tbh..
That dreadful day...
And this is only the 2ND time K&G dropped a vid on this siege
It's here!
My heart forbids me from liking this video
Great video. Both sides gave it their all, so much desperation, politics, economic insights, strategies, and twists played out in this grand siege alone. What a mighty conclusion to a resilient, long lasting and influential empire, and a stunning rise to a new Islamic superpower, ready to show more of their martial and military prowess to Europe. Can't wait to see more.
Too soon. Feels like only yesterday.
Everyone was impressed when they saw the titles of the Spanish monarchy, including those of states that no longer exist, such as Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem and the most recent Was King of Two Sicily.
Just to elaborate on the fratricide law, in Turkish tradition, a king cannot choose his successor. That is God's prerogative. Only he chooses kings and blesses a leader with power.
The law stated that fratricide was "appropriate", not a mandate. The rhetoric and justification behind the law at the time was, "should one family suffer or a whole country?"
R.I.P Constantine XI who fought to the very end dying with his people as a TRUE Roman instead of fleeing like a coward
*“…fleeing like a coward”*
IM LOOKING AT YOU, ALEXIOS III! 😡🤬🤬