I’m really not a boating/sailing/shipping guy, never really had an interest, honestly I don’t even really enjoy being out on the water. I am fascinated by Waterline Stories, not in a macabre sort of way but genuinely fascinated.
If I can't swim back to shore I'm too far out. With few exceptions, if I can't relatively safely land on the surface on my feet im to high Yet, I watch a bunch of marine and aviation content. Actually, maybe that's why I think the way I do.
Great work here on the Golden Ray. I live here, in Brunswick. We were out on the water that day when she sailed into port. We pulled over on a channel beach and sat and watched this huge car carrier. Then next morning, imagine the surprise of seeing her laid over on her port side with active-ongoing rescue ops. The rescue/s were keeping everyone on edge. It took quite a bit of time for the ship to be salvaged as well. That was an interesting enterprise itself. Out pilots here are all top notch. Our Coast Guard Station is right in a little creek next to Sidney Lanier bridge. Anyway, Just wanted to say thanks for covering this. I've been subscribed for some time to your channel and really appreciate the content and its presentation. I know it must be a challenge to do the work required to present these stories, but I really appreciate them not being too long. I've skipped some of the longer content. 20-25 minutes is perfect in my view. 'Thanks again!
that decision to beach the ship bought some time though. imagine most would have died if that ship went all the way under. that was a good call. its crazy to me that anyone would think its totally find to not have any checksum for those kind of calc tho
Thank you, you do great work. A suggestion for clarity: when you describe events, for instance "at 12:54, X occured, then, at 13:05, Y happened", it would make it easier to follow and to understand how long something took, if you inserted a "11 minutes later, at 13:05".
@@waterlinestoriesi enjoy your videos and I'd have to agree with him. I listen to RUclips most of the time while doing other things and i hear/use so many numbers throughout my day that numbers(times or dates) mentioned during videos are intentionally forgotten. Often i have to scroll back or check the transcript so i know how long something was or how far apart. Saying how long it happened for it how long later would really be appreciated.
Super Video again, never thought a ship can list like this. Thank you😘 Now winter in Germany is about to come, can’t wait for more super intressing Videos👍
Incredible that such a disaster can occur in a wide river rather than open ocean in these days, thanks for letting us know anyway about these catastrophic events. 🇬🇧📚Australia.
Agree...& also, come to think of it, they're extremely lucky that it *did* happen in that river because they were able to finally get the tugboat to push them up onto a sandbar so the ship didn't become completely submerged. If this had happened in the open ocean....game OVER!
thank you for doing this story. i live about 90 miles from brunswick where the golden ray capsized. idk how many people suggested you do this story but i know i did. it took a couple of years to salvage the golden ray, they did it right where it was at with the salvaging platform basically sawing the golden ray into pieces. anyway thanks again.
You have the best thumbnails and video titles of all the Maritime Disaster Channels. Also your animations and graphics are top notch on this one. Keep up the good work. 👍
Sadly it is an issue at many ships with sailors leaving watertight doors open due to them needing to cross them regulary. a good example on how important it is to close them is the Stena Nautica incident. In 2004 Stena Nautica collided between Sweden and Denmark with the polish vessel Joanna a much smaller cargo ship. Nautica beeing a fairly large ferry should be able to handle a hole made by joanna but she started to take in alot of water and the flooding spread itself quite fast. Nautica was forced to return to port and when she did so sunk to the bottom og the port after evacuating all passngers. She nearly rolled in port and the car decks was mostly flooded but luckily for two competition horses who was on the upperdeck their part never got flooded and the ferry never rolled. It was damn close though. All this happened due to some of the crew leaving a few of the watertght doors open on a regular basis. Due to old design and poor layout they needed to cross them multiple times every crossing which is around 3 hours and 30 minutes. Stenas ferries are generally considered probably the best in the world in their class and the crews are seen as highly competent. And i know for a fact that Stena Line is extreamly focused to both crew and passenger safety. but this just shows that even the better companies when it comes to ship safety have problems with regular crews who has been trained to know the importance of watertight doors still have these issues.
Yet another brilliant and professional presentation. I'm convinced that you and your team are rapidly growing in to one of the (if not the) best maritime channels. I only hope that you never cover me and my yacht! Haha
By fa,r you all have the best videos of ship and water related tragedies. Detailed info on all aspects. the people, vessel's involved, causes, aftermath, everyone and every that was lost. 👍
So...the 0.03 list to starboard that was achieved by moving the existing ballast water to starboard, is what *caused* this ship to not be able to right itself when it made that fatal turn? Hey, I'm not the sharpest tool in the box...I just kind of wish you would have dedicated more time to explain/review the mechanics/physics of how this ship ended up in this predicament. Also, even I know that leaving a watertight door *open* while the ship is sailing is just the perfect recipe for disaster. Edit: One question I have is why did the ship have a list in the 1st place in order for ballast water to be shifted starboard @ 0.03? Was it because the ship had full fuel tanks? I know nothing of shipping/sailing, really...but it seems that when the ship is loaded with the cars, that everything should be in the ship *perfect* so that the ship is perfectly balanced without having to adjust ballast. Because they had to make a kind of sharp turn, & ballast has previously been adjusted to the aforementioned value...that seems like a really small degree of list to cause what happened to this ship.
One of the reasons could be the height of the centre of gravity. The ballast to compensate the 0.42° list was at the bottom of the vessel. Anything that was causing the list must've been above or way above that level. It is a 15 deck vessel after all. This difference will affect maneuvreability. Other factors could've influenced that too. Our respectable presenter doesn't make this a comprehensive technical report but an enjoyable video that brings us an interesting story. Thank you.
Most ships would have a "load plan". The load plans purpose would be to facilitate ease of loading and unloading at docks and also to evenly distribute the weight. Vehicle weights(or whatever cargo) would likely be supplied by whoever is having the items shipped and aren't always accurate. The inaccuracy in the reported weights causes the ship to be unevenly loaded so they move ballast weight to keep it level. As for why the ship didn't right itself. It's normal for ships to lean especially while turning. My conclusion would be the ship wasn't as stable as they thought it would be. It tilted more than expected while turning. This causes the ballast water to flow to the low side of the ship which makes the tilt worse. If he mentioned how the vehicles were secured I missed it but unless they were individually strapped in place they likely would have slid to the low side of the ship as well at some point making the tilt even worse. Some ships make secure individual vehicles but I know of one ship that secured cars to a long chain that had a lot of slack that allowed the cars to move enough to, I believe, wreck that ship as well). The water breached the open door causing more water to enter the ship(flowing to the low side) making the tilt even worse until it capsized. If you like long in depth videos about marine (ships and such) disasters/wrecks i highly recommend @BrickImmortar on RUclips. He only puts out about a video a month i think but his videos are great and go deep. I think his videos on the "ducks"(originally based on old ww2 landing ships , which were based on old military land troop carrying vehicles, if remembering correctly) were how i found his channel but since then I've watched every video he has on his channel. He also covers "the bounty 2"("remake" of the original historic ship, The Bounty) sinking. The Alaskan ranger was another that comes to mind. Weight xample is my personal pickup truck. The registration says it weighs 6,650lbs but it weighs 6,950ish when I go over scales empty(except me) and I weigh about 180 so that's 120 pounds more.
The initial heel was corrected to 0.03 degrees by the shift of ballast athwartships (sideways), but this does not mean the ship was stable, and would have failed to meet minimum stability criteria at this stage. Due the loading calculation error, the GM or metacentric height of the ship was very low (essentially the centre of gravity of the ship was too high, for that cargo load, and displacement). More ballast water in the lower ballast tanks (ie double bottom tanks) should have been added to address this stability problem. During the manoevring out of the port, when a heeling moment was applied as the ship turned to starboard, the stability of the vessel (due to low GM) was also low allowing the ship to roll to a very high heel angle. As the cargo lashing chain of the car broke loose, this would only make the heel worse.
It is not unusual to have a slight list after cargo loading, as the weights of the cargo maybe a little bit heavier on port side than starboard side, even with the following of a loading plan (based on provided cargo weight, which also have some % uncertainty)
@@jonyemm thanks for your detailed explanation. And yes...I'm a long-time fan of Brick Immortar. I get so happy when I get a notification that a video is about to drop.
I think engineers should have access to portable oxygen tanks and direct escape routes. The location of their workplace, along with the importance of they staying at their post during emergencies, makes their odds of survival very low.
I'm surprised that there was no indicator light accompanied by a klaxon on the bridge and a similar one in the engine room control centre altering that any door which opened to the sea was open. As usual well told.
Courageous leadership after the accident and great emergency response! Why wouldn’t any Captain be always very concerned about stability with such a tall and narrow ship? The list itself prevented turning?
I'm not a navy man but I would guess that the same sentiments are universal whether you are a mariner or a special operations operative. The man who is obsessed with safety and operational protocols is the most hated member of a team until something goes wrong. In this case, everything went wrong.
Strictly In the form of scrap metal together with the metal from the ship probably... Cant imagen that they picked the cars apart to any large degree ,maybe ripped out the engines and fragged them separately ( if even that) ,then fragging shredding the cars. The gases from the fire would have made the cars toxic to work manually, even if they was " kind of intact" /not burned
Was the stering machines faulty? The fact that any rudder input didn't do anything to prevent the course of the ship gives that impression, would the list alone counteract the rudder if it was working properly? I guess the investigation makes conclusions on this , sorry that ism I'm," being lazy " and not reading it, and writes a question in the coments instead .
YES Sir! Would you like a refund on your admission price? Wouldn't want you feel as if you've wasted your money/didn't get your money's worth. Could you provide a little more detail in your feedback? Perhaps, why, or to what? You sound like a drunk flopping into the back seat of an Uber and yelling *DRIVE!* *TRY HARDER!* (see what I did there? I explained how and to what end you might try harder...had I just responded, *TRY HARDER,* you wouldn't know what the fuck I was talking about, would you?
The ship captain that was giving the order to the tugs... is also the captain responsible for the wrecked ship, so, his advice isn't necessarily the best / sounds like he was asking for something risky / unusual.... so i can understand why the tugboats would be hesitant
I guess this was meant to be or not, but how can so many people be so blind to this problem,I'd say small problem if they know what theyr'e doing, for god's sake this ship is listing and listing and not one of these dummies knew what was happening. The guy with the big head is the one that destroyed this ship, what a very stupid man he is.
Why has a pic of stern of an anchor handling vessel got to be involved with a vehicle handling vessel? Please stop putting crap in your vids or stop doing your vids. Many thanks!!
I’m really not a boating/sailing/shipping guy, never really had an interest, honestly I don’t even really enjoy being out on the water. I am fascinated by Waterline Stories, not in a macabre sort of way but genuinely fascinated.
Hear hear! 🏴📚👍
It’s interesting to understand the world around us. 👍🏻
Even these “modern days “ it’s clear our shipping is wild, what an insightful and fascinating channel, many thanks. 👍📚🇬🇧
If I can't swim back to shore I'm too far out.
With few exceptions, if I can't relatively safely land on the surface on my feet im to high
Yet, I watch a bunch of marine and aviation content. Actually, maybe that's why I think the way I do.
The detailed analysis in these videos is excellent and makes them easy to understand and very watchable.
Great work here on the Golden Ray. I live here, in Brunswick. We were out on the water that day when she sailed into port. We pulled over on a channel beach and sat and watched this huge car carrier. Then next morning, imagine the surprise of seeing her laid over on her port side with active-ongoing rescue ops. The rescue/s were keeping everyone on edge. It took quite a bit of time for the ship to be salvaged as well. That was an interesting enterprise itself. Out pilots here are all top notch. Our Coast Guard Station is right in a little creek next to Sidney Lanier bridge.
Anyway, Just wanted to say thanks for covering this. I've been subscribed for some time to your channel and really appreciate the content and its presentation. I know it must be a challenge to do the work required to present these stories, but I really appreciate them not being too long. I've skipped some of the longer content. 20-25 minutes is perfect in my view.
'Thanks again!
Thanks. That’s good feedback on the length of video. 👍🏻
You know it’s gunna be bad when the crew photos look like courtroom photos
Or mugshots
Well done the rescuers, resourceful, determined, ingenious. Kudos. Thanks for the upload & Content.
👍🏻
that decision to beach the ship bought some time though. imagine most would have died if that ship went all the way under. that was a good call. its crazy to me that anyone would think its totally find to not have any checksum for those kind of calc tho
Thank you, you do great work. A suggestion for clarity: when you describe events, for instance "at 12:54, X occured, then, at 13:05, Y happened", it would make it easier to follow and to understand how long something took, if you inserted a "11 minutes later, at 13:05".
It’s a good point. I try sometimes but don’t always get it right. Thanks for the suggestion
@@waterlinestoriesi enjoy your videos and I'd have to agree with him. I listen to RUclips most of the time while doing other things and i hear/use so many numbers throughout my day that numbers(times or dates) mentioned during videos are intentionally forgotten. Often i have to scroll back or check the transcript so i know how long something was or how far apart. Saying how long it happened for it how long later would really be appreciated.
Super Video again, never thought a ship can list like this. Thank you😘 Now winter in Germany is about to come, can’t wait for more super intressing Videos👍
Danke dir. 👍🏻
Super deutsch👍 Lebst du noch in Berlin?
@rainerpitsch6347 nein. In ein kleiner Stadt in Niedersachsen. Einer Stunde südlich von Hannover.
I wish I was in Germany.
Incredible work by the rescuers and good fast thinking by both the pilot and the engineering crew to stay alive and keep the ship above water.
Wow that ship was massive. Thanks for another great delivery, I can't wait to watch these videos as soon as you upload
them. Thank you.
Thanks I appreciate that 👍🏻
Incredible that such a disaster can occur in a wide river rather than open ocean in these days, thanks for letting us know anyway about these catastrophic events. 🇬🇧📚Australia.
Agree...& also, come to think of it, they're extremely lucky that it *did* happen in that river because they were able to finally get the tugboat to push them up onto a sandbar so the ship didn't become completely submerged. If this had happened in the open ocean....game OVER!
thank you for doing this story. i live about 90 miles from brunswick where the golden ray capsized. idk how many people suggested you do this story but i know i did. it took a couple of years to salvage the golden ray, they did it right where it was at with the salvaging platform basically sawing the golden ray into pieces. anyway thanks again.
👍🏻😀
Salvage story coming soon to a tube near you.
It has always crazy how life is mundane and boring and then life and death situation can happen and you dead
Life doesn't have to be mundane and boring.
There are reasons some people like to "live on the edge".
You have the best thumbnails and video titles of all the Maritime Disaster Channels.
Also your animations and graphics are top notch on this one.
Keep up the good work. 👍
🤣 thanks. 👍🏻
Fantastic title (assuming it’s still the one about not collecting tariffs on the sunk cars)
Gotta tap into popular themes 🤣
Sadly it is an issue at many ships with sailors leaving watertight doors open due to them needing to cross them regulary.
a good example on how important it is to close them is the Stena Nautica incident.
In 2004 Stena Nautica collided between Sweden and Denmark with the polish vessel Joanna a much smaller cargo ship.
Nautica beeing a fairly large ferry should be able to handle a hole made by joanna but she started to take in alot of water and the flooding spread itself quite fast.
Nautica was forced to return to port and when she did so sunk to the bottom og the port after evacuating all passngers.
She nearly rolled in port and the car decks was mostly flooded but luckily for two competition horses who was on the upperdeck their part never got flooded and the ferry never rolled.
It was damn close though.
All this happened due to some of the crew leaving a few of the watertght doors open on a regular basis.
Due to old design and poor layout they needed to cross them multiple times every crossing which is around 3 hours and 30 minutes.
Stenas ferries are generally considered probably the best in the world in their class and the crews are seen as highly competent.
And i know for a fact that Stena Line is extreamly focused to both crew and passenger safety.
but this just shows that even the better companies when it comes to ship safety have problems with regular crews who has been trained to know the importance of watertight doors still have these issues.
No joke that got exciting and it was such a great thing to hear everybody made it. That pilot did a great job given the curcumstances.
Yet another brilliant and professional presentation. I'm convinced that you and your team are rapidly growing in to one of the (if not the) best maritime channels. I only hope that you never cover me and my yacht! Haha
🤣 I hope not. Fair winds
By fa,r you all have the best videos of ship and water related tragedies. Detailed info on all aspects. the people, vessel's involved, causes, aftermath, everyone and every that was lost. 👍
😀 thanks for that
Great video - a lot of very brave people - the pilot was amazing!
👍🏻
So...the 0.03 list to starboard that was achieved by moving the existing ballast water to starboard, is what *caused* this ship to not be able to right itself when it made that fatal turn? Hey, I'm not the sharpest tool in the box...I just kind of wish you would have dedicated more time to explain/review the mechanics/physics of how this ship ended up in this predicament. Also, even I know that leaving a watertight door *open* while the ship is sailing is just the perfect recipe for disaster.
Edit: One question I have is why did the ship have a list in the 1st place in order for ballast water to be shifted starboard @ 0.03? Was it because the ship had full fuel tanks? I know nothing of shipping/sailing, really...but it seems that when the ship is loaded with the cars, that everything should be in the ship *perfect* so that the ship is perfectly balanced without having to adjust ballast. Because they had to make a kind of sharp turn, & ballast has previously been adjusted to the aforementioned value...that seems like a really small degree of list to cause what happened to this ship.
One of the reasons could be the height of the centre of gravity. The ballast to compensate the 0.42° list was at the bottom of the vessel. Anything that was causing the list must've been above or way above that level. It is a 15 deck vessel after all.
This difference will affect maneuvreability.
Other factors could've influenced that too. Our respectable presenter doesn't make this a comprehensive technical report but an enjoyable video that brings us an interesting story. Thank you.
Most ships would have a "load plan". The load plans purpose would be to facilitate ease of loading and unloading at docks and also to evenly distribute the weight. Vehicle weights(or whatever cargo) would likely be supplied by whoever is having the items shipped and aren't always accurate. The inaccuracy in the reported weights causes the ship to be unevenly loaded so they move ballast weight to keep it level.
As for why the ship didn't right itself. It's normal for ships to lean especially while turning. My conclusion would be the ship wasn't as stable as they thought it would be. It tilted more than expected while turning. This causes the ballast water to flow to the low side of the ship which makes the tilt worse. If he mentioned how the vehicles were secured I missed it but unless they were individually strapped in place they likely would have slid to the low side of the ship as well at some point making the tilt even worse. Some ships make secure individual vehicles but I know of one ship that secured cars to a long chain that had a lot of slack that allowed the cars to move enough to, I believe, wreck that ship as well). The water breached the open door causing more water to enter the ship(flowing to the low side) making the tilt even worse until it capsized.
If you like long in depth videos about marine (ships and such) disasters/wrecks i highly recommend @BrickImmortar on RUclips. He only puts out about a video a month i think but his videos are great and go deep. I think his videos on the "ducks"(originally based on old ww2 landing ships , which were based on old military land troop carrying vehicles, if remembering correctly) were how i found his channel but since then I've watched every video he has on his channel. He also covers "the bounty 2"("remake" of the original historic ship, The Bounty) sinking. The Alaskan ranger was another that comes to mind.
Weight xample is my personal pickup truck. The registration says it weighs 6,650lbs but it weighs 6,950ish when I go over scales empty(except me) and I weigh about 180 so that's 120 pounds more.
The initial heel was corrected to 0.03 degrees by the shift of ballast athwartships (sideways), but this does not mean the ship was stable, and would have failed to meet minimum stability criteria at this stage. Due the loading calculation error, the GM or metacentric height of the ship was very low (essentially the centre of gravity of the ship was too high, for that cargo load, and displacement). More ballast water in the lower ballast tanks (ie double bottom tanks) should have been added to address this stability problem.
During the manoevring out of the port, when a heeling moment was applied as the ship turned to starboard, the stability of the vessel (due to low GM) was also low allowing the ship to roll to a very high heel angle.
As the cargo lashing chain of the car broke loose, this would only make the heel worse.
It is not unusual to have a slight list after cargo loading, as the weights of the cargo maybe a little bit heavier on port side than starboard side, even with the following of a loading plan (based on provided cargo weight, which also have some % uncertainty)
@@jonyemm thanks for your detailed explanation. And yes...I'm a long-time fan of Brick Immortar. I get so happy when I get a notification that a video is about to drop.
love your story telling style
😀👍🏻 thanks
waterline stories then plainly difficult just uploads - my saturday is turning into a disaster!
Best of luck escaping that 🤣
Fantistic coverage of this incident. Great Saturday morning! Thank you
👍🏻😀
Excellent emergency response. Except for the ass-covering tug drivers. Respect.
If I were a tugboat driver, I'd be a little reluctant to take direction from the asshats driving the Golden Ray.
As many systems as possible should have a fail-safe default system.
Thanks for another detailed presentation.
I think engineers should have access to portable oxygen tanks and direct escape routes. The location of their workplace, along with the importance of they staying at their post during emergencies, makes their odds of survival very low.
Heroic deeds by all rescue team!What a feat!
I'm surprised that there was no indicator light accompanied by a klaxon on the bridge and a similar one in the engine room control centre altering that any door which opened to the sea was open. As usual well told.
The cheeky name of this video is just 😂😂😂
🤣
Huge fan of this disaster since it happened right in my backyard and was really fun to watch them clean it up for over a year :)
"Huge fan of this disaster" lol. Someone should be keeping an eye on you.
@@jonyemm yup- that comment screams "is a list for them folks"...
Courageous leadership after the accident and great emergency response! Why wouldn’t any Captain be always very concerned about stability with such a tall and narrow ship? The list itself prevented turning?
This may be the only thing I'm qualified to comment on in this video, but as a steak aficionado I stand by Taylor thermometers.
Your videos are amazing!
Thanks 👍🏻
Agreed, we hear little if anything about these awful incidents on our news.👍📚🏴🇺🇸🇬🇧☘️😊
I'm not a navy man but I would guess that the same sentiments are universal whether you are a mariner or a special operations operative.
The man who is obsessed with safety and operational protocols is the most hated member of a team until something goes wrong. In this case, everything went wrong.
I know im not covering any new ground by saying this, but the golden ray just looks like the most unstable ship you could design
Absolutely savage video title... Love it!
🤣
Why didn't the ship respond to port rudder commands after the initial turn? Was the rudder out of the water by then?
Id think it was already leaning to hard by then with to much momentum. . Any response was likely minimal/not realize/insignificant.
Ummm isn't Hyundai a "Korean" not Japanese company?
I wonder how many parts from those salvaged cars are circulating in the supply chain ?
Strictly In the form of scrap metal together with the metal from the ship probably...
Cant imagen that they picked the cars apart to any large degree ,maybe ripped out the engines and fragged them separately ( if even that) ,then fragging shredding the cars.
The gases from the fire would have made the cars toxic to work manually, even if they was " kind of intact" /not burned
Was the stering machines faulty? The fact that any rudder input didn't do anything to prevent the course of the ship gives that impression, would the list alone counteract the rudder if it was working properly? I guess the investigation makes conclusions on this , sorry that ism I'm," being lazy " and not reading it, and writes a question in the coments instead .
How does a pilot board a giant ship like that while it's at sea? How does the pilot get onto the ship from a transfer vessel?
Did the pilot not have anything to do with the incident?
rename this lol
YES Sir! Would you like a refund on your admission price? Wouldn't want you feel as if you've wasted your money/didn't get your money's worth. Could you provide a little more detail in your feedback? Perhaps, why, or to what? You sound like a drunk flopping into the back seat of an Uber and yelling *DRIVE!*
*TRY HARDER!* (see what I did there? I explained how and to what end you might try harder...had I just responded, *TRY HARDER,* you wouldn't know what the fuck I was talking about, would you?
Yes, I thought the title was cheap. The crew must have gone through a lot of trauma while this was happening. Bad event.
😂
@@nigelh3253i thought it was hilarious.
@@nigelh3253everything to you people is traumatic
13:30 Absolute cowardice.
Cowardice keeps people alive and maybe from being sued
The ship captain that was giving the order to the tugs... is also the captain responsible for the wrecked ship, so, his advice isn't necessarily the best / sounds like he was asking for something risky / unusual.... so i can understand why the tugboats would be hesitant
I guess this was meant to be or not, but how can so many people be so blind to this problem,I'd say small problem if they know what theyr'e doing, for god's sake this ship is listing and listing and not one of these dummies knew what was happening. The guy with the big head is the one that destroyed this ship, what a very stupid man he is.
yeah a new video!
👍🏻
🔥❤
👍🏻
Dude... That intro is so cringy... Don't do that.
1st
and P.S. nobody cares, or will care. 😊
🤣
Why has a pic of stern of an anchor handling vessel got to be involved with a vehicle handling vessel? Please stop putting crap in your vids or stop doing your vids. Many thanks!!
If you're going to be a prick about it, shut up. Thanks
You can simply choose to Just not watch his videos
Respectfully shut the hell up cause if you dont like it just go watch something else
@@shotgungee5269 put up truth ? Maybe I might. I am an ex merchant seaman. Bosun. OK!
Sometimes there aren’t pictures of everything he’s talking about so he has to put something in at the least