Plumbing - HOW TO INSTALL A ONE PIPE CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM
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- Опубликовано: 27 май 2019
- ONE PIPE CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM. How to install and how to adapt a central heating system. How to install a new radiator on a one pipe system. Today I wanted to pipe a central heating system up. I'm going to pipe this as a one pipe system. Nowadays we wouldn't instal one pipe systems, but this is to show you what a one pipe system would look like. Also, if ever you need to go to a system, and you need to adapt it, and it's a one pipe system, so that you understand what a one pipe system is, and you're able to adapt to that. So yeah, I'd like to thank Trade Help for supporting this video. They have paid for the radiators, they've paid for the pipe and all the fittings, so that I could do this video for you. So yeah, let's go and have a look now.
I'm going to do this as if it is a one pipe heating system with six radiators, and what we've got, I've got my radiator brackets on the wall here, and what I'm doing is this is upstairs, across here, all across there, and then obviously the brackets below, they're for downstairs. I'm going to put some radiators on here now. When we used to instal one pipe systems, they used to have just an elbow on, if you see a heating system, and it's got an elbow on, just like that, and it hasn't got a valve, there's a good chance it's a one pipe system. As the years went on, sometimes people changed these, and they put TRVs on. That makes it a little bit harder to see if it's a one pipe system or not, but I'll show you some other ways that you can tell.
I'm now going to pipe this up as a one pipe system for downstairs. With a one pipe system I've got, well I'm going to use press fitting for this. I normally use press fit on all my jobs now, but what you find is you'll have a T under there, and you'll have a T under there, and the pipe will join together, which I'll show you shortly. But on some one pipe systems, they actually went in series, so the pipe, it went into the radiator and then back out the other side, and then to the next radiator, and to the next radiator. Now, the issue with that is, if you turned one of the radiators off, it will turn all the system off. So then they had the pipes underneath so that the system would still work if you turned one of the radiators off. So, I'll pipe this up now.
For anybody who is interested in press fitting, this is what I use now. I've just got my T there, so as much as possible I'll just press these off, just like that. This T that I've got on this, this is actually a gas T. If you have a look inside, it's got a yellow O ring, but I'm not going to use this system, I'm just doing it for this video, so it doesn't matter. But yeah, going to fit some of this now.
When we do press fitting, we always make sure that the fitting is fully in. The good thing with using press fitting is that we're not getting any muck in pipe, there's no solder. No solder, no flux, and this has been used in commercial now for, I think it's around 50 years. Most hospitals and places like that use press fit.
Some of the people that comment on these videos, they mistake these fittings for push fit, but these are press fit, so they're crimped together. See there, you can see it's got the mark on it, which is an M symbol, and that's where it's been crimped together.
I've piped what I would say is downstairs so far. I'm also going to show you how to adapt the system, if you come to a system where it's a one pipe system and you need to add a new radiator, I'm going to show you how to do that as well. Also, different types of systems that you might be on, so I'll try and talk through that as well. So it may be that it's on an old style gravity boiler, it may be that it's on a combi boiler, etc. So, we'll have a little look at that as well.
So, as you can see here, if we imagine this is the flow around the system, so it's just one circuit round the system. So, we've got a T there, it goes into this radiator, it also goes across the bottom of the radiator. So, if you imagine normally this would be under the floorboards. There's different types of one pipe, sometimes it'll come in the valve, one of the valves will come in the top. Most of the ones I've seen in domestic normally just come in bottom part, and they just come like this. So, again, we've got a pipe underneath there and a pipe underneath, and they're just T-ed together. Come in a bit closer and I'll just show you that bit.
So we can see there it just goes into radiator, comes back out of radiator, but also just comes comes along the bottom, and again with the rest of it. So, that's why they say it's one pipe, because it's just one pipe throughout the system. Now, there is quite a few issues with this type of system. One is you wouldn't be able to flush this system. So if it's got muck in it, you wouldn't be able to flush it, but we'll go through some of them things shortly, but that's how that looks so far. 
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Excellent video Allen. Good for the youngsters to see what a one pipe system looks like. Just to note that the downside to a one pipe system is the radiators get progressively cooler along the system. Also the main circuit can be pumped but the radiators rely on the heating water to gravitate into the rads, meaning the heat up time is much longer in comparison to a two pipe system. Keep making the great videos. 👍🏼
Thank you.
@@AllenHart999 Hi Allen, can i fix both flow and return pipes to one side of radiator? if yes, which one should be on top and which one below?
@@AllenHart999 thank you for another great video Allen. With this type of system would the pump go on the flow or return.
Guy tried to explain this to me. You made it sink in. Brilliant.
Very understood for new learner
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Useful to know when you are house hunting and looking for expensive issues. Thank You
Thanks.
Very informative tutorial. Our system is s system patched into one pipe and causing all sorts of problems so it helps that I can imagine what the plumbers are explaining to me.
Glad it helped
Many thanks Allen. There are so few videos on One Pipe Systems so it's great to have one now! I seem to find more than my fair share of one pipe systems even though I can't imagine anyone installing one for decades. They can throw you completely if don't spot them! As for TRV's on them, you can thankfully buy full flow TRV's such as the Danfoss RA-G which help the flow with one pipe :)
Awesome video Allen! Been in plumbing and heating for 20 years myself (South Wales) and really appreciated this explanation!
Old school trained and it stands out man!
Keep them coming :)
I am slowing down now and just want to pass on a bit of knowledge while I can. Thanks.
Thanks for the video Allen. I just been to one of these the last couple of days as the rads are only lukewarm and some not at all. Boiler flow red hot but the return nothing. Had an inclination it was a one pipe system but never came across one before. Had up the floor boards by a rad but the supplies were so long I could not see if it was a one or 2 pipe. Looking in my plumbing book now and looking online I can see it is as the rads have service valves and elbows going into the rad on one end. Lots of additional rads been added and apparently the system has not worked properly for yrs. Old couple as well and there is no easy fix for this.
This is a fully pumped s plan system. The joys a
One connection needs to go on top of the rad when the length of the rad is more or even than 2 1/2 times its height. Same rule applies for the flow on the 2 pipe systems. Very explainful and detailed video.
Evangelos Tsiamalos That’s sort of best practice but not normal on the one pipe systems I have worked on. Thanks 👍
Brilliant video Allen, you are a such a good teacher. I would love to meet you one day.
Thank you for your kind words.
Great video. I came across this system before and the customer wanted it ripped out and replaced with a 2 pipe system. I recently bought my self a crimper they are a great tool. Thanks for posting the videos
2 pipe system is definitely better. I would always update if possible. Thanks.
Thanks for the video. Just covering this at the moment and found it very informative. Loved the diagrams :)
Brilliant! Answered so many questions about our system, thank you so much.
👍👍👍👍👍👍
Brilliant video Allan, I’m just learning the trade so when I first seen a one pipe system it threw me. Perfect explanation there thank you.
Same here.
I could not understand how the piping I saw could possible work. I thought it was a mistake or I was missing an inlet pipe somewhere.
This explains that although not as efficient as a two pipe system, it can still work, and it is a real thing.
Great vid Allen, keep them coming so informative, cheers mate !!
Thank you
For me this is pure gold. Thanks Alan 👍
No problem. Thanks.
Hi Allan good explanation on the system we studied this at college briefly in the early 1990 👍👌
Thank You.
You're going to have a nice warm shed in winter Allen!
Underfloor heating next😂😂😂 thanks 👍
I just bought my first house (late 40's ranch) and come to find out it has a one pipe system on a navien ncb 240e, and I'm running into an issue where one of the radiators on the 2nd floor remains cold unless I bleed it for a while (bad I know, but I was trying to troubleshoot, and I kept an eye on the PSI to make sure it didn't drop too much from the bit of water I let out) so in doing research I found this vid, thanks for laying it out, now I can go to my dad's hvac/plumber to inquire how to fix it, probably gunk in the radiator for all i know...
I have a 22mm one pipe system. Not getting rid of it, with its cast iron radiators it is over 40 years old but will be an easy conversion to a heat pump when we all have to😉
I've always been really curious how a one pipe system works and now I know! Thanks for sharing your knowledge, your videos are superb! Loved the press fittings so quick and neat that is.
Thank You.
Great video Allen !,
+Nico Hokke Thank You
Good explanation. Thanks for sharing
Thanks.
Well explained Allen, thank you
No problem. Thank you for watching.
well explain allen you mad it so easy and simple to understand love the video.
Thank you.
Hi Allen .. Thank you for the video you have explained the easy part and you left behind the hard part about how to connect the pipes to the boiler ? I well understood that the hot line to the radiators is from the hot water supply from the boiler But does the return pipe from the radiators go back also to the cold pipe that supply the boiler ? My gas boiler has only two water lines and of course the gas pipe.
Useful content. Thanks
Good and clear explain 👍
Hi Allen this is AA heating and plumbing.
I watched your one pipe heating system. Really good job nice and clean .good explanation. (If you can mention some regulations and BS along your explanation will help new students for there exam purposes as well !🌟🌟🌟🌟
Stay safe. Watch this one just in case. Thanks ruclips.net/video/Hh5lFC7VI4U/видео.html
So this is why you built the cave Allen
Brilliant explanation Allen I didn’t know it worked like that
I once worked in a farm house and the horizontal pipe work was fitted on an incline . The guy said it’s a gravity system and said there’s no pump . Is that something completely from this Allen . Been a joiner all my life and I’ve allways been interested in plumbing . Cheers Allen
Gravity system means gravity hot water. The heating would always be pumped. Thanks.
Mr Brightside A system like that couldn’t possible work. The term gravity system means gravity hot water, heating is always pumped. I worked on thousands of them. Thanks
@Mr Brightside As I say a Gravity system means gravity hot water and pumped heating. Never seen it any other way. Thanks.
@Mr Brightside I have been told loads of times by customers they do not have a pump, Normally they have never seen it as it's under the floor or in some boxing. When we talk about gravity systems it's the hot water we are talking about. Heating is always pumped. There maybe some very old systems in the middle of a field with 3 or 4 rads that could work in a fashion on gravity, This would never work very well and it's not a system design in any heating manuals i have seen. Thanks.
Brilliant video
Jess Kundi Thank You
Good video mate cheers 👍🏻
G’day. Good video. I have a one pipe system with diagonally opposed flow and return ports on the radiators. What is the direction of flow through radiator? Should rad valve be on the bottom or top?
great video, i have a pump on my single pipe system but not sure if the pump speed should be slow or fast ? any advice would be great
Great video Allen, i have a slight problem with my one pipe system, i wonder if you could help, after changing a radiator to a shorter one ,The pipe to the original radiator was cut and then a plastic elbow was fitted ,then a length of plastic pipe fitted from the elbow to the copper pipe up to the radiator. the radiator stays hot for a week or so, then the rad will not get warm even though when i feel the original copper which was cut it is hot, all the other radiator on the system get hot,
now the only way to get the radiator hot again is to release water from the radiator drain pipe. Boilers pressure stays between 1.2 and 1.6 bar. grateful for any help.
Thanks Alan
Had one of these and didn't realise. I took the old back boiler out along with cylinder (the loung was actually being used as a bedroom) and put a cdi classic combi in. I remember it well, it was around 2 o'clock on a Friday, boiler all done and ready to roll. Run the hot tap - all good. Then I turned the heating on. I filled the paperwork out and tidied up as usual whilst fully expecting to touch a nice hot rad. All but two rads were stone cold. After trying balancing, checking for air in rads, air locks, took rad valves off to blow through them etc it still wouldn't work. I decided to lift a floorboards. To my horror they had one 28mm pipe and both tails going back into it😲. The 28mm as the circuit got near it's end actually reduced to 22mm and strangely was hot all the way round but regardless of what I done with the valves I couldn't get more than 3 of them to work. Worcester advised that the flow from the new combi was probably too fast. Anyway after a few tears (mostly mine this house pen and inked) the customer decided to repipe the system. After the repipe it all worked perfectly.If anyone has any ideas on why it didn't work please let me know. Cheers
Thanks for the comment. Happy New Year.
Thank you mate. A really well made video with good explanations and usuing actual equipment and some very Rold Harris drawrings ha ha (just teasing but the drawings were relatable). Wish more would make videos like this instead of talking so much instead of showing! Do you think at some stage a two way circuit? Cheers again mate for taking the time video and share. Appreciated.
I have a one pipe system on a narrowboat. Boiler at one end with flow to 4 radiators on the the same wall extending to the length of the 50ft boat. The last radiator has the flow in one end and return out the other. 22mm plastic pipe with 15mm tails. As the return is running back underneath the flow the full length of the boat it seemed strange to me the installer didn’t make it into a 2 pipe system. I have to add the boiler is a little diesel heater the type they use in lorries. Would there be much advantage in changing this to a 2 pipe system or is this one pipe system best for this type of installation.
brilliant thanks
do you need to install diverter tee to force water flow to the radiator? how do you calculate how much water will go to the radiator and how much water will remind on the main pipe?
in one pipe system can go for a bigger radiators enjoyed the video.
I wouldn’t mess with a one pipe system too much really. Thanks.
good video. hey alan i have a boiler upgrade tomorrow to a greenstar 8000 life on a one pipe. do you think worcester will warrant the boiler....will it work properly?
Hi great video and info any chance you could do a video on unvented cylinders on how they work and how to pipe them up.
Peter sutton That might be a bit harder but I will see what I can do. Thanks 👍
Great video, Allen.
Really well explained visually and verbally.
It's great you use pressfit... I don't think soldering is very good for you! The fumes are awful.
All the best.
Thank You.
if you can't take the heat - get out of the kitchen!
That Hilti pipe press tool's fifteen hundred quid!
They are not cheap. Thanks.
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Just come across your channel will be subscribing im looking into an outdoor wood fired boiler system to run my radiators in my house plumbed around 9 years ago attached to a combi boiler in an upstairs room atm but with costs rising I want to have options I have an infinite free supply of logs and I'm already 5 years in stock for my wood burner in my living room but this does not keep my whole house warm for long periods my c/h is on at 13c to keep house from severe cold but id rather be using free wood than paying gas bills could a system like I'm considering be connected to my existing system do you think 🤔 regards Steve roche
Mr Allen, may I ask you what you recommend for underfloor heating. Pipes or panels (Klimaboden). And also pipes in pvc is it better push in or glued or like in Europe sealed by welding machine for pvc?? Thank you
I will be doing some underfloor heating in a couple of weeks. I will do a video. Thanks.
Can I use JG Speedfit pipe fittings for this installation or is this a bad idea?
TAKE A DRINK.. Everytime he says “One Pipe System” 🍷
Interesting video but what was also interesting was that crimp fit system and its crimp tool, any chance of a video review/closer look at it and a cost /benefits comparison?
I have done a few reviews in the past. I will try and add a link. Thanks
Great video Alan, the house I’ve just moved to has a one pipe system. How do you remove a radiator from a one pipe system and not disrupt the flow?
Hello Allen, is it possible to balance a 1 pipe system? This one has locksheilds and TRVs? Thanks.
Hi. What stops the water just bypassing the rads and returning hot on the return. Do you need a gatevalve half closed on the return just before the boiler to try force heat into the rads
One pipe system is cheap, no need for by-pass, but balancing is very important otherwise the last rads doesn't heat properly. We can fit the two pipes (flow and return) from one side of the rad using giacomini thermostatic valves kit.
Some rads got a spout inside to inject the flow.
i think this is my type of system on a combi im not sure. but the rads get warm very slowly on 1 rad so i cut and blocked the flow pipe so the water gos throw the rad and it works better. is that ok to do on more then 1 rad ? 1 of my rads are keeped open and has no tvr but that rad gets very hot . my combi is a eco tec pro vaillant.
Would a whole house electric tankless water heater be enough to make this heat run?
Thank you for this, really well explained.
I’m looking to install a new system into a static caravan, with a combi boiler running 10mm PEX pipe work, would you still avoid a one pipe system?
One pipe system is an old design; you need two pipes. Thanks.
Thank you Allen, much appreciated. I was on the fence (hence finding your video) but felt I might regret it later!
I actually visited a (UK) house yesterday that only had a valve on one end of the radiator with both pipes going into this. The valve said Yorkshire Imperial' on the top, seems like an even less efficient system than the one you're demonstrating here?
Excellent video thanks. I've not seen a video on RUclips about what happens if a vented cylinder boils up when the immersion stat fails and can it really cause the header tank to fail. Just an idea.
Thanks.
Is it also possible to do with plastic push fitt pipe?
How does the radiator get hot without water running through it? Or is it more of an absorption heat?
Top video Alan, good explanation. I learnt something myself there about adding or moving a rad. In summary Elbow off to extend the loop don’t just tee off as with a two pipe ? Nice one
+Heat Service bwc uk Yes that’s correct, if you tee off the system will not work as well. Glad to help 👍
Makes sense flow will just take easiest route thanks
Often iv seen swept tees used also to help the flow into the rad. I believe they still use one pipe systems in larger commercial installs. installation cost I guess.
Heat Service bwc uk commercially you see one pipe systems all the time but very rarely would you fit one unless you cannot do it any other way,they are very simple once you get your head around it but can be problematic also 😂
As far as I can see, the isolation valve is fitted only on the outlet of the radiator. If you want to remove a radiator for whatever reason will be necessary to drain the entire system. And just for my knowledge- in the video the isolation valve is on the outlet side of the radiator- any particular reaso?
I have a one pipe system with some old cast iron flat panel rads. They have no lockshield valves, and just an elbows as you show in the video. But on mine it looks like the elbow screwed directly into the rad (i.e. no separate tails with a compression fitting to the elbow end). Am I right in thinking that used to be the case?
Yes, They used to do them like that sometimes as well. Thanks.
Allen Hart - Okay, thanks for confirming that!
Hi Allen, did you do a video on how to balance a one pipe system? Cheers
Hi. How long can the tails from each tee be in order for additional radiators to work properly?
As short as possible really. Thanks
Thanks
Thank you for taking the time to watch my video.
Hi Allen, great video but how do you tell it's a 1 pipe with Trv and lock shield on rads and all pipework is underfloor?
Sometimes you will need to lift a board up, You normally get an idea if its an old system though. Thanks.
Hi there great video first time on a one pie system so I gave it a go after watching your video I decided to add a radiator to down stairs toilet and the only pipes I could get to where in the ceiling so I followed your diagram broke in to the system brought the pipes down and back up it all looks fine as per diagram but it doesn't get warm one side of pipes does for a short time then nothing rest of them work apart from one now in the hallway which is cold now too I've tried bleeding through but nothing seems to solve it it seems like an sure lock as all pies in the ceiling are red hot apart from new ones any advice on this please
Maybe your system is two pipe?
@@AllenHart999 not definitely 1 Pipe system just wondered if gravity could affect it as I have come off upstairs to take it down stairs
@@bburnbulletpreston6994 It's hard for me to comment without seeing it but try and keep the pipes off the main circuit as short as possible. Thanks.
@@AllenHart999 ok thanks I'll give it a try
@@bburnbulletpreston6994 Feel free to give me a call if you get stuck
Could I share this with a customer you explained it better than me, your draw better than my effort lol
Yes no problem
I have one radiator in my bedroom down stairs and i wanted to add another radiator in bedroom. The problem is there is a concrete slab underneath the radiator so i can't add new radiator in existing one. Can u please give me any suggestion how to add a new radiator. Is there any other way to add it ?
You need to find the circuit and extend it. Thanks
Another nice video Allen, What is the history behind 1 pipe ?
Cheaper to install. Less pipe. They don’t work very well though.
thanks :)
No problem!
Thanks for video, but don't understand how any flow would happen in any Rad. Water is lazy like us and will take path of least resistance which is straight below Rad, not through it. Is it just convection with differant density of differant temperatures water that cooled off in Rad? If that is the case system efficiency must be terrible.
They didn't work well. Thanks.
Can you add any new radiator to a one pipe system? Or does it have to be a specific type
Most radiators are fine. There might be some that are not suitable but i do not know of any. Thanks.
I inherited a one pipe system in the house we bought 5 years ago, I've moved rads about in a few rooms by just extending the "offtakes" these rads seem to perform fine. Why is it that you don't recommend such tie ins?
Its not a great system really. Two pipe systems are much better.
I love all you do Allen, been watching you for probably a couple of years now but please explain to the youngsters that blowtorch skills are better than this press stuff. You are using a press gun needlessly and teaching others that they will need to use this. Not sure mate. But I love the man shed. IT reminds me of my years in Portsmouths Unicorn Gate college. Just to be clear mate I do watch and like your stuff. Much love
Ben Frost I will do the next video using my blow lamp 😂👍Thanks
I'm stuck with my cheapo b@q butane propane mix. I don't do enough to justify buying the yellow bottle gas system that I forgot the name of.
crazygeorgelincoln Never used a cheap one so couldn’t comment. 👍
@@AllenHart999 you should give it a go. Is the DIY market being hard deal. The last 3rd of a can is most entertaining on cold wet pipes.
@@crazygeorgelincoln I would much rather press these days but thanks.
Is it unadvisable to use elbows on a one pipe system? Swept bends needed? And do towel rads work on a one pipe system. If a normal radiator is swapped for a towel radiator. Obviously keeping the loop continuous as you state.
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that clamping system much cleaner than soldering 👍🏻
No risk of setting the house on fire either. Much better in my opinion. Thanks.
One pipe is extremely common over here in Russia. Cheap and it works very well
Thank you for taking the time to watch my video.
Great video, would be possible to have something similar about two pipes system? Thanks
I will do one in next few days for you. I have done one that shows different systems. Thanks ruclips.net/video/bD_qHtq6KFg/видео.html
@@AllenHart999 already watched that one, thanks anyway
@@DavideCauso I will do one on two pipe.
Hi, what should be the vertical height from radiator to floor, I heard 150mm some say 250mm
No right and wrong, It's whatever suits you best. Thanks.
The last radiator I fit, instructions mentioned that a minimum of, if I remember was 150mm.
@@chmoduk For what reason ?
Air flow
If we are put 15 mm pipe is this gud work or not
Should a towel radiator work on a one pipe system? If swapping a normal rad for one.
I do not see why not. Thanks.
Did these systems have a 'flower pot' filling system found in the corner of box rooms?
That was a servo warm system. I have never seen one of them as one pipe but it's possible. Thanks.
si can press fitting good for hot water?
Yes,
Gravity feed of the hot water, the heat will mostly end up on the second floor ? comment please
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Would all the radiators reach the same temperature, or would you find that they get colder as they get towards to return? (Great video by the way!)
James Cockayne The further away it gets the colder it could be. Depends on the size of system. THANKS 👍
I'm not a plumber but I think you would need to balance them if that was the case.
@@chmoduk I will do a video about balancing soon. Thanks.
What dictates which way is flow and which way is return in a one pipe system? I suppose the answer is the pump🤔
In which case, does it matter which side the inlets and outlets of the radiators are fitted within the circuit, so when you're inserting a new rad, do you have to consider direction of flow?
I'm not a plumber or heating engineer but very curious as to how this works. Not much info out there as one pipe is now completely obsolete, it seems.
Thanks for taking the time to make these videos Alan, always a well received treat here mate👍
What stops the flow from by-passing the rads?
Nothing, These systems do work but not as good as two pipe. Thanks
how do you balance the radiators in this sistem?
Thank You
Also no need for by-pass valve, I prefer Giacommini one pipe system valves fitted to each rad, so we can balance easily.
What makes water go through a radiator? You should have flow control on the bypass line, otherwise water will go less restriction way - main line and not radiators.
As water always takes the route of least resistance why would it flow up and then through the rads?
You could add some valves on pipe below to restrict it a bit, That way it is forced to go through the rad. Thanks
Exactly what I was thinking. With a valve in the bypass pipe under the rad this would allow fine adjustment to regulate the heat of each rad. I am about to install such as system so I will comment on completion
Its very easy for hot water to pass easily through the pipe below the radiators which is straight and there is no hurdle or resistance then why and how the water pass through the radiator which have a lot of resistance instead the water will flow from the boiler and pass through the straight pipes without entering the radiators and come back to the boiler. I think this system will not work properly . Would you convince me please.
You are correct, These are really poor systems. This is just to show how they work. Thanks.
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Thanks for the historical video Alan. This was a terrible system, glad we don't use it anymore. The worst of them was the Giacomini single pipe system. Still running into them and the messes people made of the today.
Garrett Devitt I still have a few that I work on. To be honest the ones I work on are fine but would definitely be better updated, Thanks
❤
Hi Allen interesting video I have a combi set up , now I’ve decided to refurb my basement is it a good idea to use this method? Ps my combi is in the basement many thx mark
Stay safe. Watch this one just in case. Thanks ruclips.net/video/Hh5lFC7VI4U/видео.html
The indicated radiators are connected in parallel. comment please
Thank You
What would be the cause of Radiators getting hot when you require H/W ONLY on this system? I take it there is no 3 port on this system!!
How do you balance a one pipe system?
You could turn lock shield down. Thanks.