Geneticist Razib Khan Answers My Most Controversial Questions About Genetics
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 30 май 2024
- Are Ashkenazi Jews indigenous to the Middle East? Is Palestinian a distinct ethnicity, different to other Arabs? Why do some races have bigger noses or eyes or butts or boobs? Are some ethnicities more homogenous than others? Is inbreeding actually terrible for your genetics or can it make them stronger?
All that and more in this episode of the Quillette Cetera podcast.
Razib Khan is a prominent science writer, blogger, and geneticist known for his work in the fields of genetics, genomics, and human evolution. He has contributed to various publications and platforms, including his blog "Gene Expression," where he explores topics ranging from population genetics to societal implications of scientific research. Khan's writing often delves into the intersection of genetics, culture, and society, offering insights into the genetic basis of human diversity and behavior.
Khan holds a Master's degree in Evolutionary Genetics from the University of Sussex and has been involved in genetic research for many years. He has a strong presence on social media and is known for his engaging and thought-provoking discussions on topics related to genetics, race, ethnicity, and human history.
quillette.com/author/razib-khan
/ razibkhan
00:00 Introduction to Razib Khan and Genomics
01:02 Are Jews Indigenous to the Middle East?
04:26 African Jews: Beta Israel and Beni Israel
05:51 Judaizers and the Talmud
07:18 Assimilation and Rediscovery of Jewish Identity
08:16 Physical Features: Nose and Hair
09:36 Race vs Ethnicity: Palestinians and Canaanites
12:11 Nose Differences and Snoring
29:31 Palestinian Identity and Genetics
32:51 Ashkenazi Jewish Ancestry
34:46 Conversion and Proselytism
35:44 Christianity and Judaism
36:12 Conversion Laws and Incentives
37:11 European Women and Conversion to Judaism
37:41 Matrilineal Descent and Roman Influence
38:11 Roman Law and Citizenship
38:41 Genetics and Greek Ancestry
39:09 Greek Genetics and Slavic Influence
39:37 Jews in China and Intermarriage
40:05 Genetic Variation and Greek Features
40:33 Slavic Invasions and Greek Genetics
41:03 Greek Genetics and Slavic Migration
41:32 Greek Genetics and Turkish Expulsion
42:01 Greek Genetics and Outbreeding
42:29 Greek Genetics and Greek Biobank
43:26 Greek Genetics and Balkan History
44:23 Genetics and Physical Features
44:51 Incest and Genetic Consequences
52:26 The Colt Family and Incest
53:23 Incest and Genetic Diversity
54:22 Incest and Genetic Issues
56:16 Incest and Genetic Risks
57:08 Incest and Genetic Effects
58:35 Genetic Diversity and Human History
01:03:45 Genealogy and Personal Interest
01:04:14 Genealogy and Disease Risk
01:05:37 Genealogy and Human Diversity
01:06:06 Genealogy and British Population
01:08:01 Genealogy and Khoisan People
01:09:29 Cape Coloreds and Genetic Diversity
-------
Quillette is an Australian-based online magazine that focuses on long-form analysis and cultural commentary. It is politically non-partisan, but relies on reason, science, and humanism as its guiding values.
Quillette was founded in 2015 by Australian writer Claire Lehmann. It is a platform for free thought and a space for open discussion and debate on a wide range of topics, including politics, culture, science, and technology.
Quillette has gained attention for publishing articles and essays that challenge modern heterodoxy on a variety of topics, including gender and sexuality, race and identity politics, and free speech and censorship.
---
Quillette's revenue comes from our readers. We are a grassroots organisation that relies on voluntary subscriptions and community membership as our primary revenue stream.
Support Quillette by becoming a subscriber: quillette.com/#/portal/signup
Or donate via PayPal: paypal.me/QUILLETTEPTYLTD?cou...
We made our website using Ghost, a powerful app for new-media creators to publish, share, and grow a business around their content. It comes with modern tools to build a website, publish content, send newsletters & offer paid subscriptions to members. Try it here: ghost.org/?via=claire91
wow what a knowledgeable man. I could spend days with Razib asking him all sorts of questions about genes, human evolution, history...etc.
That bit about Palestinian Muslims having Afro or Asian DNA because they literally had slaves RECENTLY is INSANE!
@@benb6527 The Muslim world was the last part of the world to have legal slavery. There's a funny story about Malcolm X traveling to Saudi Arabia in the mid-sixties, only to realize that slavery was legal there until 1962 (under heavy pressure from the West, their main oil clients). The slaves, of course, were black. Why had blacks like Malcolm converted to Islam? Mostly because they thought racism was unique to whites. Since they didn't read books, they were easily sold on the idea. Irony ate his whole life.
His denial of Jewish history, and how nationality goes after the mother is peculiar. For some reason I wonder why he presents such baseless opinions
@@Yosaif-israel Babble.
@@kreek22 לאומים ממך יצוא נאמר לאמינו בלבול זה מה שאתה
As a mountain jew, a jew from the Caucasus who speak hebrofarsi. I really appreciate this gentleman's intelligence and general knowledge and understanding of local details... no politics or bias.. one of the best videos
Wow, I never heard of Caucasus, Mountain jews, nor of hebrofarsi and google doesn't show it. Is it like ladino or Yiddish , mixing farsi and herbrew? How many people speak it? Are there still Jews in the Caucasus? I'm an Israeli Sephardic/ Ashkenazi btw
@danakruger bro, if you are Israeli, you know us as kavkazim😅. Many of them in israel.
Kavkaz is a Russian word for Caucasus... Dagestan, Chechnya, Azerbaijan... we are like Bukharian Jews... similar language same ancestors from the Persian empire
@@arimoff ohhh ok I feel kind of dumb now. Thank you for the explanation anyhow😄
do mountain jews share a lot of personality or culture with Avar, Dagestani, Chechen neighbors?
@@emilianosintarias7337 YES
I dated an Iraqi Jewish girl and she was somewhat serious about it (for a punk rocker). Super interesting to see this culture mix and how it was totally seamless no friction towards anyone
Why were you dating a girl? Seems unethical.
Mmm. Super interesting. But also dull and pointless. When you consider we're all just human beings.
There ain’t no Jews in Iraq the Zionist chased 😢out to populate Palestine ok very few Iraqi Jews left maybe few left I lived there as American Arab I know ok no disrespect
Punk rockers are a different race..
@@hmq9052 the problem is: no one Considers this lately as we’ve become a bunch of tribes
Most fascinating and hilarious Quillettecettera podcast ever.. Well done!
Thanks!! That means a lot. Zoe
@Quillette I confirm that, I watch and listen to podcasts daily, I've watched thousands of them and this is one of the best videos. This gentleman does not hold back to political correctness and says how it is. As an immigrant, I can relate to his way of thinking...most of these subjects are considered taboo in America. All in all my respect to this gentleman.
I'm a Jee from Caucasus and we speak Hebrofarsi language at home. My DNA test shows 82% Persian, middle Eastern levant Azerbaijan. Which pretty much confirms are traditional claims of being exiled by the Babylonian Persian empires
@@arimoff that’s a very interesting mix you’ve got. I hadn’t heard of Hebrofarsi until today, I’m sure Razib has heard of it. I will look it up. Thanks for sharing!
free palestine forever
@@arimoffAre you talking about Judeo-Tat/Juhuri?
love it
no politicization just pure science
keep up the great work!
Thanks!
Well said! This forbidden science since ww2 is experiencing a renaissance!
Romans at different times placed bans on Jews marrying non Jews, they also banned Christians from keeping Jewish festivals, observing Sabbath and dietary laws.
Also Noahide converts are connected to Jewish diaspora and there would've been some intermarriage between them and Jews.
And, Israel bans intermarriage today.
@@loxism72 wrong.
@@victorblock3421Sort of. inter-faith marriages performed within the country are not legally recognized.
Such marriages are usually performed in Cyprus and are then accepted in Israel but they can’t be performed in Israel itself.
There’s no Noachide movement until about 1980.
It is obvious, just from listening to Mr. Khan for a few minutes, that he knows tens of thousands more things than he is able to express on this podcast. It's as if he is trying to condense the entire history of the world into half an hour of chat.
He needs to do a series; I Ioved his enthusiasm!
Hes so interesting! Im trying to se if he has a channel but no luck so far
@@johnwilliam2474I found another person of the same name but that one was an AI researcher ....
The nose questions were driving him crazy. I could tell he wanted to yell FOCUS!
Thank you for explaining about the whole Canaanite-Israelite-Palestinian thing. Especially when it comes to Ashkenazi Jews and all the nonsense about them not being of Levantine descent. Other studies have shown that Jews worldwide are more closely related to each other than they are to the non-Jews among whom they live. Also, in these discussions few people mention how commonly Jewish women were raped. A lot of that non-Levantine DNA had nothing to do with marriage or conversion.
True. We are all 13th cousins. Unlike the modern palestinian arabs who were invented in 1964 have zero Cannanite dna
Levantine was stolen term, the only levantine are the italians
@baruchhashem49 please look up some actual DNA data as the papers I have seen show that Palestinians have a lot of Canaanite DNA as do the Middle Eastern Jews. Why can’t people in Israel get DNA tests without special permission? Please listen to what this podcast actually says.
@@Antonio_DG Really, you don't say??? That's so odd since my mom's DNA test results show a very strong Levantine presence, and she's a Jew of Libyan descent! and as you know DNA doesn't' lie!
@@GardenDew Now let me teach you something. The term "levantine" is Italian; it originated to denote the Italo-Levantines who colonized areas in the East before the Ottoman conquest. They are still present in small numbers in Turkey. "Levante" means east from the perspective of those living in Italy. Then came Zionism, which invented anti-historical and anti-scientific stories, including the nonsense that Judaism is not a religion, based on concepts like race, which science has widely debunked. DNA tests are a business; if you take one from each company, you'll get different results because ancient DNA is rare. Where did they get DNA from 3,000 years ago for certain attribution? Today, Jewish ancestry is attributed to North African DNA if you're European, so practically all of Southern Europe would be Jewish. Or it's attributed to DNA from the Hungarian Jewish community dating back to the 1600s, which essentially refers to converts. Zionism also invented modern Hebrew, which is about a century old. Hebrew was a dead language 2,000 years ago; in fact, Jews spoke Aramaic, a Semitic language replaced by another Semitic language, Arabic. I don't have fractions of blood; races don't exist.
That was super interesting. Thanks for taking the time to make this video. ❤
Here in Sweden I tend to get mistaken for Greek or Lebanese, depending on the group I am with. I have had people coming up to me and speaking Greek, and were surprised when I was unresponsive. However, when I say I am Ashkenazi Jewish origin, they say "oh yes".
This happens to me all the time, ie gotten Greek and half Asian before but just ashkenazi Jewish here😂
That's because Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA is Southeastern Mediterranean. Your closest European relatives are Southern Italian. Southern Italy was part of Magna Graecia.
@@andrewb8235
I have strange colouring. Blue eyes, beard was copper coloured with red flecks, hair copper coloured (like an old penny), skin is very white until it gets some sun on it, then I am quite dark by the end of June. Blood group AB.
Not complaining as I have had quite robust health over the decades.
@@physiocrat7143 Yes, and Socrates' Greek wife Xanthippe (lit. "golden mare") was blonde. As you know, not all Mediterranean people are swarthy brunettes. Blondism is much higher in Northern Europe obviously but there are plenty of European Mediterraneans with light hair and eyes. Obviously, the Greeks you are encountering in Sweden see the map of the Mediterranean on your face.
From what I understand, the admixture we do have (30% or so) is Greek/Italian, mostly on the maternal line.
I wish you didn't intrrupt him so much!
She wasn't so much interviewing him as just flirting with him.
He was speaking without pauses, an interviewer listens but also needs to ask questions, clarifications etc..
@@Stardust475 of course I agree with you in general! but mid-sentence??
@@guest6398 NO.
@@MrYasminoc YES.
I love listening to Razib when he talks genetics (politics, not so much). With all due respect Zoe, I wish you hadn't interrupted when Razib was on a riff, but otherwise it was a wonderful and refreshing interview.
Agree, lol, but everything was done in such a friendly way that it felt like watching an ADHD cousin having a conversation a few beers ...
he doesnt understand genetics well enough to speak on them, and his racist political views interfere with his ability to report accurately. He's a fraud.
In John Mitcheners book "the Source' ( well researched historical fiction) he described a fiercely purist nomadic tribe one of the first settle in Canaan. Anyone remember their name? 😮
I noticed that she interrupted a bit too, but in all fairness she
Kept it light with a refreshing tone. Nice girl.
I just can't focus on the brilliant scientific analysis because of those glorious eyebrows.
They are perfect
@serial...396
No more sentimental slop to share?
Plz be cool. It was a just a compliment on Zoey's appearance trying not to be creepy. Interview was great. Quillette is grea.t@@nickgoldring1446
@Ruby_Spacek they really are perfect!
@@Ruby_SpacekWhy is one eyebrow longer than the other one?
Love this so much
Khan said there's a narrow range of pigmentation among East Asians. But in Korea where I live I wouldn't say that's true. A lot of Koreans are very pale while others have dark brown skin, especially if they don't avoid the sun. Their range of skin tone is more broad than many european groups who tend to just be quite white. Of course though in terms of facial structure and hair colour they are very homogenous.
EDIT: I gotta say though that this guy's knowledge and enthusiasm are amazing.
Such an interestimg topic. Only wished the interviewer would let the guy complete an answer before diverting to less interesting topics like B & A.
I stumbled upon this today and am most of the way through. It's a fascinating convo. I'll follow this channel and read more about it. Does Mr Khan have a channel/ website?
His channel is called Razib Khan's Unsupervised Learning. He also has a website with his name, you can find it on a search website.
Man, how do you get to talk about this stuff in our present time? Well done.
not sure how your video showed up on my feed but I'm glad it did, a fascinating discussion and Razib is able to recall so much information on a variety of topics it's very engaging
I really wish she just let him TALK! She interrupted him on so many things where we never got the answer he was trying to get to! I’m a psych nurse and can teach her interviewing skills!
I know right? She kept interrupting especially with off topic questions. So annoying.
It would have been nice if she would allow him to keep elaborating about this topic instead of diverting the conversation to nose 👃...
@@eternityppl 💯💯💯
This was such a great interview shout out to the lady for bringing out and including everyone in the world
It’s really interesting to watch. When I was in Israel I could tell Jews and Arabs apart only by their clothes. I could see no other difference
It's wild to me too. I met some Israeli kids once long ago and watched them visibly scowl at the owners of a local gas station.. I was like wtf was that I thought y'all were cousins. One of the dudes also ripped my icon pic of Jesus I used as a bookmark. Im not catholic or anything but was appalled they thought that was acceptable behavior.
@slampersand3145 they also "claim" its a tradition for them to spit at Christians whenever they pass by them. They allow their little gremlin kids attack and harrass Christians in Jerusalem
Yes Sephardic and mizrahi Jews look Semitic because they are. Ashkenazis don’t because they aren’t
@@saucyjk6453Sefaardic are euro too.
@@saucyjk6453ashkenazi are “biracial”, half middle eastern half Slavic. (From Jewish middle eastern fathers who were kicked out of the levant and found refuge in Europe, and Slavic or other pagan European origin mothers whom the levant men married and converted to Judaism). Wikipedia has great info on it!
This is one of the best videos I've come across on genetics and DNA. Razib is very knowledgeable as always and the interviewer asked a lot of good questions. Good job! 👏
I'm British and a University Lecturer. I've lived in the States and can tell you that the 1% is much better off there. If you are in the 99% however you have a MUCH better quality of life in the UK than you do in the US. I think the chip on Mr Khan's shoulder needs a bit of balance 😂
He had a lobotomy when he migrated from northern india to the USA
Cope.
I don't know about that. The UK pretty much feels like hell right now to anyone who doesn't belong to the upper echelons of society. In the US, cost of living and inflation aren't as big issues and people generally earn a lot more for the same jobs.
Stop interrupting your guest.
He has his own podcast if you are interested.
Yes, I thought this too
Shut up
"More people snore these days" (!?!)
Based on what data?
How would anyone know if people snored more or less in the past than the present or vice-versa?
I never would have survived back in the day. I snore way to loud.
When I want to jail one time (long story lol), they moved me out of the main population to my own cell, because people wanted to fight me for snoring, and I was prepared to oblige them.😅
Indian preference is not for breasts but for breast to hip ratio. Small waists doth a shapely woman make. Look again at those statues.
So a few things.
First, the lack of Talmud doesn't necessarily mean Ethiopian Jews are Judaizers. The Talmud was first written down in the year 200, but Ethiopian Jews likely emerged as an offshoot of Jews in Yemen who moved across the strait. And the Yemeni Jewish community was first established in the Hasmonean period, before the Talmud.
To be frank, an alternative explanation of their use of Ethiopian Christian Old Testament texts is that in times of upheaval they lost that they had to begin with and had to work with what they had.
This leads to a second issue - Jewish is a combination of religious and ethnic identity. So you have cases where there could be some inkling of original levantine ancestry, but at a certain point you're so intermarried with the local population that it's primarily the religion that links you to the Jews of old. This is possibly the case for the Ethiopian Jews.
Third, Yemeni Jews are an interesting lot. To be frank, the nigh-indistinguishableness of Yemeni Jews from other Yemenis might be for the opposite reason: a lot of people in Yemen are descended from Jews. And on the other hand, the conversion in sizable numbers of Yemenis to Judaism in the Himyarite period probably lead to the mixing going both ways.
Fourth, the concept of "indigenous" is itself iffy. Are Jewish sub-ethnic groups indigenous to Israel if they're mostly Levantine in origin, but the distinctness (ashkenazi, romaniote-greek, Sephardic, etc) emerged elsewhere? That's more of a political statement than a legal or academic a lot of the time.
Ethiopian Jews have the same DNA as Ethiopian non-Jews. They are not from the Israelites. Either are Yemeni Jews.
Son of Yemeni J e w s here. There is the obvious question of the origin of Je wi sh scripture and ideas in Yemen. Was it a few wandering Hebrews many moons ago who set up a community only to be embraced by the Arab Kingdom of Himyar leading to a genetic admixture that would make those original Hebrews genetically insignificant, or was it that the King of Himyar met Je wi sh communities on his travels - maybe near the Hijaz for example - and brought the scriptures and ideas back to Yemen and then converted his subjects. The majority of these subjects would then drop Judaism for Islam in the 7th century. For me, the former is most likely given the claims of the existence of Priestly genetic markers in Yemenite Cohanim - but this research is Israel-based and I reserve a great deal of scepticism for anything that comes from there relating to this subject, for obvious reasons. To me, our phenotype suggests we are Yemeni and Yemeni alone. I argue that we are essentially identical to other Arab Yemenis - full Arab Yemenis and to a lesser extent those with an East African admixture. For political reasons xionists try to convince Yemenis in Israel that they are somehow related to other Je wi sh groups in Israel. It would be great to build an extensive collection of Yemeni Jewish DNA in Israel (full Yemenis, not mixed genomes, ones which unfortunately is becoming the majority over there as Je wi sh genetic diversity is slowly being replaced with genetic homogeneity by xionism) and then compare it to all the Yemeni tribes back home in Yemen.
Ethiopian J e w s: To me their phenotype is clearly "Ethiopian". When the xionists introduced them to world Jewry in the 90s my initial reaction was, "why didn't Maimonides visit them on his trip to the Jews of Yemen?" He would have likely travelled from Egypt down the East Coast of Africa or the West Coast of the Arabian Peninsular, but chose not to pop by. I'm leaning towards Kaplan's understanding of their genesis as a Jewish group - converts to Judaism around the 1600s AD.
Who knows.
Another theory is of a migration up the Nile valley.
@@user-pu5xb4xc9uwhat's bhi?
@@user-pu5xb4xc9u I have no idea what you said. Literally zero lol. ??
Interesting where he talks about looks. My daughter, apparently, looks Korean. She was told this on many occasions, and in different countries, whilst travelling the far east. She does have quite oriental looking eyes. As the family genealogist I can say that there is no sign of oriental blood going back to the late 1500s on one side and 800s on the other side. I'm intrigued as to how a mix of English (with Saxon, Viking, Celtic and Norman), Irish, Scottish, French, German and, possibly, a little Jewish, can produce someone who looks Korean.
Ghingas Khan and his mongols rampaged through Ireland and the UK and mixed with the Vikings. Basically Irish and British and many Nordic people have almond shaped (Asian) eyes.
well some Jewish could have some east asian ancestry but still that sounds weird. I'm half Korean (the rest being Irish/Scottish and Norwegian) and live in Korea so I obviously know well what Koreans look like and am quite intrigued by what you say. One thing I would say is that Koreans have quite distinct facial structure among East Asians and usually have asian eyes with epicanthic fold. Does your daughter have a somewhat wide face and high cheek bones? If so, it might explain why she looks Korean to some people. That doesn't necessarily mean she has any significant asian ancestry, just a coincidence.
My husband is half cape coloured. He definitely has the Asian eyes.
@@djedd23 Not sure about a wide face but yes on the high cheek bones.
Simple some Nordic have asianish looking eyes and all Europeans have some ( a little)admixture of north Asian especially the further north u go, like white Swedes
I enjoyed this podcast immensely and especially appreciated the fact that Mr. Khan didn't seem to have any kind of religiopolitical axe to grind.
However, as an anthropologist trained in the field of physical anthropology (holding an advanced degree) and someone who has closely studied human evolution, I can tell you for a fact that a lot of the explanations as to why humans evolved a particular physical trait or another is basically nothing but pure conjecture and speculation.
That is why Khan keeps saying "no one really knows" every time he tries to make some kind of definitive statement or another!
Thanks to your degree from the university of stating the bleeding obvious . Mr khan's words are now clear to me .we would all have been lost without your final sentence .
Glad to help the terminally lost, such as yourself, find their way in the darkness!@@andrewtrip8617
On the whole, an excellent video. Which has riled a few folk, as Mr Khan’s comments and analyses do not march their own prejudices or pre-conceived ideas.
Modern "Palestinian" identity, in its current form, was adopted AFTER 1948 specifically for a ideological/national cause. Prior to 1948 every single Hebrew in Pstine was considered "Palestinin". THe term had NO ethnic connotations, it was a regional identity, used similar to New Yorker. There is no "P" sound in the Arav language. Hebrews, Samaritans and Christians were the first Palestinians in the 2nd century when Romans changed the name of Judea to Syria Palestina. Modern Palestinins are broken up into numerous ethnic identities, Samaritans, Druze, Christian, and Muslm. 60% of the ancestors of MODERN Pal Muslumbs arrived between 1850 and 1945 from places like Egypt, Bosnia, Iraq, and other such locations. So there is a diverse range within what is called modern "Palestinians". But about 2/3 of Muslum ancestors specifically were non indigenous. It depends very much on the specific family. Some of the tribes have been there longer than others. Just for instance, tribes of Aza, Al Masri the Egyptian, Al Bagdadi from Bagdad obviously, Sinwar from Sinai, Radwan fro mthe PArshan Turkis Ridvan, Al Saud from Saudi. So it really depends. Many of the farmers in Judea and Samaria come from older families too. So Pal Muslums tend to have less than Christians, Druze, Samaritan etc.. and more from a range of places they immigrated from in that period. But its very dependent on the specific person and family.
Words like "indigenous" and "ethnicity" are absolutely a social construct. Zero sense in asking this to a geneticist.
Recently it has been said, that sex is a social construct.
Not really. Ethnicity is very much an extended genetic family. you can differentiate ethnicities genomically.
Apart from having to suffer the interviewer, listening to this guy’s knowledge is impressive!
I stumbled across your site. Great find. Great guest great discussion Q&A.
Fascinating stuff but the constant interrupting when he was on a roll was really irritating - let your guests speak.
The guy knows nothing about African history, he is talking crap .
@@markkorste6478 There is an easy answer to that: contact Quillette and have your say to correct him, or better still have it arranged to have a debate with him; I'm sure that they would be happy to have you on a podcast but thats not my call.
@@rikki1960 Yeah for him, anything connected to black Africa is connected to slavery forgeting that the whole of north Africa including what is now termed as the "Middle East " was all dark skinned people even during the time of the spread of islam in the late 7th century. The Greeks, Romans, Turks and the Armanians changed the DNA and complexion of the people there. The whole of Africa including the so called Middle East were all black Africans before any so called " History "
Interesting! Thanks Zoe and Razib!
Informative AND entertaining - a winning combination.
Great episode!
There were people of Jewish descent in Roman Palestine, including Christians. The Muslim establishment did not happen until the mid 600s, so Palestine was occupied by Christians of Jewish ancestry at the time. Surely the Muslims in the region today have ancestors who were Jews and Christians of Jewish descent. Have there been DNA surveys on this?
"Palestine" in the 600s (and since the kingdoms of Judea and Israel) wasn't solely occupied by Christians of Jewish descent, but by very many Jews who kept their religion. Btw, it's the Romans who called the area Palestina, after the Philistines that used to lived there (see Old Testament)
More like 800’s
@@karmaforall18 In 600, majority of Palestine were Christians with a few Jews still left. Also, no one spoke Hebrew, the spoken language was Aramaic and Greek.
There is no such thing as Jewish DNA, there is just general middle eastern DNA specific to the Levant-Palestine, Syria. Muslims and Christians in the region will naturally have Levant genes as will Jews from the Middle East.
@@nytoaddis76 No one claimed they spoke Hebrew
I am a Christian Palestinian, and I cannot wait to do a DNA test. Remarkably, my features are very similar to many reconstructed faces from ancient Canaanite burials.
I have no doubt that Palestinians are the descendants of Canaanites.
@@j.obrien4990 it's been proven
@ra77645 Please post an update here when you receive your results. It's interesting when some families near or in Jerusalem show a high percentage of Greek ancestry... which may explain some of the Phillistine-Palestinian connection. Others say no, that Greek people have always been in the region, but interesting nonetheless.
@@edwardkantowicz4707
Remember Jerusalem was refounded by Hadrian as a Colonia a town for retired legionaries
@@stephenchappell7512 Yes, and many other things throughout time brought Greeks to the region. It doesn't support the Philistine-Falastin hypothesis, but it is still somewhat surprising when some Palestinians do discover large percentages of Greek admixture.
Man this is a blast from the past. I used to follow him back when blogs were a thing and he ran Gene Expression (gnxp).
Such an interesting interview.❤
33:56 What he tries to imply here is that those Northern Italian (Celtic) and Slavic women were conquered aka taken by force to pleasure the men.
@ RhiannonSenpai
He is correct! They were!
(And not only Northern Italians,
French, British Spanish,
Portuguese and even, in one
raid, as far north and west to
Ireland)[1]
Raids into Europe from northern
Africa and enslavement of people
traveling on the Mediterranean
(by the Barbary pirates) did not
stop until Great Britain controlled
the entire Mediterranean Sea.
(After the defeat of Napoleon)
The first war that the newly-formed
USA fought was against the Barbary
Pirates. It was US naval soldiers
(i.e. Marines) that went ashore
after the bombardments to rescue
the people enslaved in Tripoli
(modern Libya) and other places
along the coast.
The US Marine corps anthem refers
to the "shores of Tripoli"
1.) *The Islamic slave trade continues*
*to this day in Africa!* The Ottomans
did not stop enslaving Slavs and people
from the Caucus region until the both
the Austrian and Russian empires were
strong enough to stop them!
Great information. However when Mr Khan was talking about Australian Aboriginal, which was very interesting, the interviewer interrupts him to go back to ‘noses.’ He's a very good guest.
Fantastic Podcast!
The topic of genetics is fascinating on its own. Being the fun conversant he is I enjoyed listen ti Razib so much. Even my co-workers noticed my smile asking what I was listening too. Of course...I informed them. It's Quillette!
Have Razib back.
like I would have loved to hear the end of his sentence at 32:46 !! why did you interrupt him?
I'm south african and we were taught that Europeans have longer noses because it gets very cold in Europe and a long nose helps to warm the air.
Most african people have broader flatter noses because the air doesn't get so cold.
@YenneY01, so why do Jews have long noses IF they are African/Middle Eastern?
Not every parameter is controlled by evolution. This nose story sounds dubious. Maybe, but has someone ever actually tested the temperature change of nose types. Maybe African noses warm just fine. Do Eskimos have big noses?
39:59 Greeks have always had tan skin and black hair since ancient times. Only when the Greeks expanded to Thrace and mixed with the fair skinned, ginger and blonde Thracians resulted in the Macedonian Greeks that were more fair skinned and blonde than the other Greeks. Alexander the Great is said to have had blonde hair, Cleopatra is shown in ancient depictions as having dark red hair etc.
Achilles from Thessaly also had fair hair. Some tribes could have been fair.
@@soik1401 Nah, the Thracian admixture went as far as Thessaly as well.
@RhiannonSenpai That area was the source of the proto-Hellenic speakers. It would make sense that more Steppe admixture was in that region. Thracians are very close to Mycenaeans generically. Their closest modern matches are oftentimes modern Greek islanders and Cypriots. Then the Slavs came. I
If you exclude Slavic admixture from Greek Macedonians, you will only have a more Mediterranean people.
True, but it usually turns out any ethnicity is more mixed than anticipated. My guess is Cleopatra probably dyed her hair, it was apparently in fashion among royality. No particular evidence though.
@@dannydetonator Still, Macedonian Greeks had lighter hair and skin than the usual Greeks.
Conversion to Judaism was a capital crime, and not only would the convert be punished, but the Jewish community would have been responsible. The time periods of migration suggest that it is possible that the women may have been from pre-Christian communities. Even in later periods in Eastern Europe, especially in Poland and the Baltic there were people practicing Slavic and Baltic indigenous religions. This is interesting because it gives some insight into how Jews would have dealt with polytheist communities.
There is a numbers problem here…whether it matters or not will depend on the particular doctrine but….if the Kohen haplotype J is in fact the direct lineage of Aaron who was in fact a direct paternal descendant of Jacob’s son Levi…..that would mean the Kohen haplotype is the *progenitor* clade of all 12 tribes of Israel. All 12 bothers share the same father and would therefore share the same Haplotype clade…..which would be J…..
The problem is…the overwhelming majority of world Jewry today do *not* carry that paternal clade or even a downstream version of it…. and therefore it would be simply *impossible* that they would be tribal descendants of Israel. Matrilineal descent is a later invention. Torah itself makes it absolutely clear that children inherited their tribal status from their father’s tribe, not their mother. Inheritance is passed down patrilineally.
Genetics can be a scary topic for ethnic-religious communities because it quickly brings into question “On what authority do you……since you are not actually related to these men?”
It’s also a tricky conversation in Judaism because one would have to admit that Hashem intended to give everything promised specifically for Abraham’s male line to a bunch of unrelated men who “converted” since those foreign men’s progeny is what actually makes up the bulk of Jewry today…not the progeny of the actual direct descendants of Jacob’s 12 sons. It was inconceivable in Torah for tribes to even give their ancestral land to their brother tribes much less hand it over to the children of foreign men that lived among them. Yet…based on the genetic landscape of groups claiming to be the descendants of these biblical people…..that is exactly what is happening….a turning over of Hashem’s promises for Jacob’s sons based on the promise he made with Abraham and Isaac…being handed over to the children of unrelated men.
Even more jarring with the genetics conversation is that….no matter which clade in modern Jewry you choose to be the literal “direct paternal line”…you’re going to have that exact same conundrum. The promises Adonai deliberately made with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob’s seed…being given to the seed of other men. 😅
Oh boy.
Thanks, you have answered the most important question.
Kablowie! Game over. Excellent response.
Phew thank goodness hashem is an invention of people who barely left the cage age 😅
It does put into perspective though why Israel doesn't allow DNA tests on Jewish people. It would open a can of worms they don't want to deal with concerning that land they cling to.
@@markc1234golf
He drove them through the nations, as He said He would, through His prophet (will have to look up which one), and that made "Abraham's seed" disburse to become "like the sands of the sea".
Who can fathom the brilliant mind of the LORD, telling the end from the beginning?
My ancestors are from Lithuania (Ashkenazi community, mostly) but are originally from Spain. I don't know if that means they are 'sepharadic'. probably not..
Our family can be traced to Iberia and the expulsion.. My mom is a bit dark and people always think I'm portuguese or spanish when they cant figure out where im from which is trippy..
Your mother is likely primarily Sephardic many ashkenazis married mingle mated whatever you wanna call it with Mizrahi and Sephardic Jews over the last thousand years, but ashkenazis are not Hebraic as far as their roots …..most of them were post 1000 A.D. conversions to Judaism I mean you just need to look and see with your eyes where they’re from they are not primarily Levintine . Even those on the upper end of the dna measuring. Ashkenazy‘s on the highest end are at most 36pct. This hmguy says 40% but the guy who did the most extensive studies with Haplogroups in DNA studies from Israel …..a Jewish guy from Israel ….found that the high end was 36% for a minority of ashkenazis that he tested and the mean average with 8 to 13% Levantine DNA
clearly they’re not from the Levant. Whatever dna they have that is came from intermingling. Intermarrying, Being raped by a levant dna carrier, or cheating with one.
Fascinating!
Yes, my man Razib! Genomics is such a fascinating field.
Regarding North Italian ancestry in Ashkenazi Jews. That’s correct, those were converted women originally local to the North of Italian peninsula. After the defeat of Israel in two anti-Roman wars (destruction of the Temple in 73 AD and Bar Kochba revolt in 132 AD, vanquished Jewish fighters were sold in large numbers into slavery. There were so many of them, that contemporaries noted dramatic drop in prices in slave markets of the time: a young healthy Jewish slave would cost less than a donkey. The majority of these slaves ended up, naturally, in Rome. For example, about 10000 of them took part in building the Colosseum. Those males were usually given local women by their slave masters. That was the beginning of the Ashkenazi branch of Jewish people. Religiously, dying Roman Empire could offer nothing to this population of the most oppressed, as it itself was in the state of religious turmoil. And so, these people remained faithful to the system of beliefs they brought along into their slavery. What is interesting is that despite this massive infusion of North Italian genes, Ashkenazi Jews still look, for the most part, very Middle-Eastern.
The Ashkenazi interbred with Italian women around 750 AD. You're off by over 600 years.
*Genome-Wide Diversity in the Levant Reveals Recent Structuring by Culture*
Prof. Haber et.al. Beirut, Lebanon.
Author’s summary:
" In particular, conversion of the region's populations to Islam appears to have introduced major rearrangements in populations' relations through admixture with culturally similar but geographically remote populations, leading to genetic similarities between remarkably distant populations like Jordanians, Moroccans, and Yemenis. Conversely, other populations, like Christians and Druze, became genetically isolated in the new cultural environment.
*We reconstructed the genetic structure of the Levantines and found that a pre-Islamic invasions Levant was more genetically similar to Europeans than to Middle Easterners."*
I think Italians look very similar to M.E. people just lighter.
It's not correct. The mitochondrial DNA of Ashkenazim is Southern Italian. Southeastern Mediterranean, not Northern Italian.
@@kreek22Much earlier than 750 AD, actually. Based on new samples and new methodologies, Shai Carmi revised his estimate for the timing from his 2017 study you're relying on, in his 2022 study "Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14th century".
Fascinating. This was so interesting and I love your humor. 😊
First minute has me hooked
And subscribing
Just started listening to him and I'm already disappointed. He referred to the Holy Land as Palestine. That name was the label that the Romans put on the land in order to have people forget about Jews and Judea. The other 10 tribes of Israel were already somewhere else. Some disagree, but I do believe that the name Palestia was from Philistia which is where the "sea people", or Philistines lived on the coast.
It was called that since the Romans time. You will find the name Palestine in the bible.
Free Palestine 🏳️⚧️☯️🇵🇸🇺🇦
@@deniseg-hill1730 Romans named the area Syria-Palestina in 135 CE.
That would mean that it wasn't called Palestine during Jesus lifetime, but Christians used that name later.
It was always known to refer to the ancient Kingdom of Judea and the kingdom of Samaria.
@@gg_rider I wonder what would have happened if Turks had still been in charge. A lot of the land was owned by absentee Turkish and Egyptian Landlords. If your family and ancestors had been living in a House on some land for decades and decades regardless of whether you owned or rented it surely no one has the right to take that property/ land away from you. When Shimon Perez was Prime Minister he did not allow any settlements to be built. I met settlers (South Africans and Americans) when I was over there in the 80s for a couple of months. I found them rude and arrogant. Some (Americans) had moved into an Palestinian Arab school housed dam cheek. They had no right to do that. The message to the Palestinian Arabs in 1947 was wrong they never should have fled but they believed what
they were told by the Arab governments.
The passports prior to 1948 had Palestine on them. There is a picture of Golda Meir holding up her Palestinian passport
2:16 Jews had rules for slaveholding in the Old Testament, though. Also, it was odd that implied that only Africans (i guess he meant subSaharan?) were ever enslaved.
And why is his face behind the microphone!?
Crazy interview!
She’s crazy! But it was was fun interview!
Does Mr. Razib Khan have a podcast?
😂 why do yo say she is crazy?
@@indigop38 crazy in a light, flippant way. She just kept asking different questions and changing topics. It’s a credit to Razib that he can handle so many topics at once!
@@alesh2275 👍🏾 I found her interviewing style very annoying.
@@indigop38 yup slightly annoying although she was obviously very bonafide and sincerely excited to get learned answers to her sometimes less than erudite question 🤭
A lot of knowledge from this young man! Thank you
being a jew is matrilineal
being a member of a tribe...like the levites, where the kohanim come from....is patrilineal
So the prophets weren't jews😂
@@skp8748 what????
According to traditional Jewish beliefs. Not from a genetic perspective though.
@@andybrice2711Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA is "Italian" (Southeast Mediterranean), not levantine.
@@andrewb8235Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA is a mix of various elements, not simply Italian or simply Levantine. K1a9 and HV1a'b'c3b are arguably Levantine, while H7c2 and H1aj1 appear to be Italian, X2b7a is very Spanish, H15b6 is possibly from the Caucasus, and H11b1c is West Slavic.
Awesome information. Thank you!
PS: Aboriginal is an adjective. Aborigine is a noun.
That's definitely an archaism at this point. Language changes
This is brilliant, so knowledgeable. Great interview !
Super interesting discussion, would love to hear more. Half Papua New Guinean , half English here
Genetics have shown that there are less than half a percent of converts per generation amongst Jews. If there was converts thousands of years ago, they have raised Jewish children thousands of years. There is also 42% of Ashkenazi Jews that come from just 4 Levantine Jewish women in Europe.
An entire race converted to Judaism. According to the Tora it would take ten generations for them to become Jewish.
What entire race converted to Judaism?@@JohnSmith-le5oe
@@JohnSmith-le5oe Really? The Edomites were accepted after the third generation.
_"⁸Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite, for he is thy brother; thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian, because thou wast a stranger in his land. _*_⁹The children of the third generation that are born unto them may enter into the assembly of the Lord._*
Deuteronomy 23:8>
@@tiluriso See Deuteronomy 23, the Edomites it took only 3 generations.
*⁸_"Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite, for he is thy brother; thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian, because thou wast a stranger in his land. *⁹The children of the third generation that are born unto them may enter into the assembly of the Lord."_*
@@JohnSmith-le5oe See my answer below.
are you aware that with your frantic question you diverted the talk so much ? and the title should had been
anecdotal descation on human genetics
That was fascinating !
Fascinating, entertaining interview.
My mother's side of the family is of jewish italians and turns out my mother and my uncle are about 73% Middle Eastern (from the Levant) with the remaining being italian, greek and spanish.
So basically they're 100% Mediterranean... my father is Dutch though, which makes for a weird combo. 😅
Interesting conversation. 👍
P.S.
In case people didn't know, Arafat was actually Egyptian and claimed to be nephew of Nazi-lover Amin Al Husseini, who was actually Lebanese... But that's another story.
Do people consider you physically attractive? The vast majority of people I've met who are 1/2 Northern and 1/2 Southern European have been attractive (e.g., half Italian, half Irish).
Yes, beauty is in the eye of the beholder, but there's usually consensus.
But seriously, why doesn't Razib know anything about Jewish history and ancestry?
He does. He's scared of the ADL.
Very interesting, thank you -Really a knowledgeable man. But he talked so fast, so it was a little bit difficult to follow. (I am a Scandinavian, and not English.) So much knowledge, would be great to divide interview with Khan into two or more parts. Could listen to him for hours. 😊
Good job;…could’ve gone another hour. (Maybe with some Chardonnay & Claire.) Cheers y’all! 🥂
Aren't South Asian genetics and health issues related to famines in the Indian subcontinent?
That's one factor
Nah , it's the diet and lifestyle.
There are many fit and healthy Indians! How come the famines of past not impact them?
Also, famines were faced by Europeans too but they don't gain weight like an average Indian woman, because their diet is healthier!!!
The high rate of diabetes and heart disease amongst Indians is purely due to high carb diet.
Famines were faced by Russians too in the past. There would be crop failures due to extreme cold weather.
@@amnahaque9058 Is the extremely poor showing of India in the Olympics also a purely dietary phenomenon? By the way, Muslim Indians have the same health problems as the Hindu Indians, without the dietary issues.
most probably right,, my parents were born in Africa and my dad had absolutely no fat on him and i grew up in India and have always been on the more plump side as was exposed to the Indian diet of high carbs and high vegetable fats..@@amnahaque9058
*Genome-Wide Diversity in the Levant Reveals Recent Structuring by Culture*
Prof. Haber et.al. Beirut, Lebanon.
Author’s summary:
" In particular, conversion of the region's populations to Islam appears to have introduced major rearrangements in populations' relations through admixture with culturally similar but geographically remote populations, leading to genetic similarities between remarkably distant populations like Jordanians, Moroccans, and Yemenis. Conversely, other populations, like Christians and Druze, became genetically isolated in the new cultural environment.
*We reconstructed the genetic structure of the Levantines and found that a pre-Islamic invasions Levant was more genetically similar to Europeans than to Middle Easterners."*
Exactly
That's deducible from phenotype too. Palestinian Christians look more European.
Same with Berbers. They were closer to looking like the Iberians than what they look today.
@@andrewb8235 Israeli Druze also look more "white." Many have blonde hair, colored eyes, etc.
Philistines were descended from the Greek Sea Peoples of the Eastern Mediterranean.
Excellent video
What a very interesting and refreshing podcast. Brilliant 🙂
One of the reasons for matriarchal descent is that women were raped. Judaism always accepted the children where the biological father was uncertain. As long as it was not adultery or incest, no questions were asked.
In Rabbi Ari Z. Zivotofsky's 2021 article "MATRILINEAL DESCENT: A BACKGROUND CHECK" he says the reason for the transition to matriarchal descent is uncertain.
From what I’ve read of multiple studies, his assertion that Ashkenazi DNA is 40% middle eastern DNA is correct, but it’s pinned to Iran/Kurdistan/Armenia/Turkey, not the Levant.
That might be to normal migration patterns of populations. It's also been chalked up to normal standard deviations from norm. Its commonly accepted in the community that it is Levantine DNA
@@roejogan9322 Could you explain the migration patterns a little bit more? For example, Mayim Bialik, in her Ancestry commercial said she is 99% Ashkenazi Jewish and her ancestors went from East Africa > Iran > Caspian Sea, never the Levant.
@@DiffQ_Bro Furthermore, among populations of the Caucasus, Armenians and Georgians are geographically the closest to the Middle East, and are therefore expected a priori to show the greatest genetic similarity to Middle Eastern populations. Indeed, a rather high similarity of South Caucasus populations to Middle Eastern groups was observed at the level of the whole genome in a recent study (Yunusbayev et al. 2012). Thus, any genetic similarity between Ashkenazi Jews and Armenians and Georgians might merely reect a common shared Middle Eastern ancestry component, actually providing further support to a Middle Eastern origin of Ashkenazi Jews, rather than a hint for a Khazar origin.
I can link you the DOI of the study if you want to review the methods. In short, its bullshit to assume a shared turkic origin of AJ just based on similarity to current populations in the Caucasus @@DiffQ_Bro
@@roejogan9322I understand that, and thanks for explaining it to me. But that still doesn’t explain why Ashkenazi Jews are more closely related to the Caucasus and Iranians, Kurds, than to establishedly Levantine groups like Palestinians, Bedouins, and Samaritans.
I’ll read any study you show me.
This discussion should be greatly expanded
OMG ALL MY TABOOS WERE TRAMPLED!!!! Great pod, and love Khan's breezy, easy-going responses to these things. I also saw his interview with fellow Quilletter Coleman Hughes. Very easy guy to listen to....I LOL'ed at the "kid with 2 heads" quip. None of this stuff should be controversial, let alone "traumatic" to any sane person...curiosity is very human. Lean into it.
it’s pronounced benai not bini
Interesting history. But you need to define indigenous. Jews and Samaritans have lived continuously in the ancestral lands of Judaea since before the first century. That makes them indigenous to that country.
Genetically and historically, linguistically and religiously.
Samaritans continue to live in the province of Samaria to this day.
Arabs arrived later. They are native to all of Levant, but not indigenous because other ethnicities lived there before they settled Levant, like the Phoneceans in Lebanon, the Jews and Samaritans of Judaea.
If that is mistaken please let me know.
Yemeni Jews lived there since when, the diaspora? I suspect Arabs go back further in Yemen than do Jews making them indigenous but the Jews are native to Yemen. I think. Depends on their migration history.
I’m Palestinian and my
Mitochondrial DNA test says my ancestors lived there for the past thirty thousand years, that’s before Abraham have stepped foot on earth.
@geegeeh.6118 when did your Arab people settle and where? Do you have Arab ancestry?
Palestinians acquired Levantine DNA during the Arab conquests 700 AD.
Settlement in Levant goes back practically to Adam. If your Arab ancestors intermarried with non Arab Levantine people, then you aquired your mixed ancestry at that time.
Arab Palestinians are considered a unique Arab ethnicity for that reason.
They say 99 percent of chimp DNA is the same as humans. But humans are not chimps.
@geegeeh.6118 PS everyone born in British Palestine or who lived in Ottoman Syria can and did call themselves Palestinian. Not just the Arab or Muslim Palestinians. But they prefer to call the land by its original place name before all the imperial occupations. Israel ... they too have the right to self determination.
@geegeeh.6118 Are you also Arabic? I'm curious about when your family tree aquired Levantine DNA?
There was a continuous Jewish and Samaritan indigenous population in Ottoman Syria pre British Palestine and pre Israel, and pre Arab conquest.
One of the ways this is known would be from Jewish burial sites dating back to ancient times. Also from DNA.
Is there archaelogical or ethnographic evidence for Arab Palestinians living in the Holy Land dating from Canaanite times? I don't think so.
@@geegeeh.6118 ruclips.net/video/YiydsMxOdM8/видео.htmlsi=Yhyz1zpkSxNEUS5M
ok im in you earned this sub
My folks told us our noses were bigger because the air is free😊
You Father isn't your Father
@@baruchhashem49 I'll bite so is my father Jesus or God of Israel are u Jew or jew4jeeez
his valley girl accent is really anoying.
"different" is not a comparative. Comparatives end in -er Warmer colder further etc. and are followed by "than".
"Different" is followed by "to" or "from" which is an abbreviation of "..compared to", and say the two things were from different places, would be "different from the (whatever) ones."
English is a great language and worth learning a bit.
Im from Ashkenazi and Mizrahi descent. My last name is Jewish, but my family hasnt been religiously Jewish for a few generations. (I still have Jewish distant relatives, and some of my ancestors are buried in Jewish cemeteries, obviously).
We still have the "jew look", even though we are mostly caucasian.
What's the "Jew look"?
@@CriticalAfricanThinkers he described it in the video
No, Palestinians are not different than Jordanians, these are nations, not ethnicities. 70% or more of Jordanians are "Palestinians". Palestinians, Syrians, Jordanians, Lebanese are all very similar. But, most people today claiming to be Palestinians are not even from Palestine. Bosniaks, Circassians, Chechins and Sudanese are not Palestinians!!!
Damn straight
The dispute between Arabs and Jews concerning Israel is not over race but over religion. Muslims do not believe that a Muslim from Indonesia has a greater claim to Palestine than a Jew who has lived for generations in the area.
True
I associate with Syrians,Lebanese, plastinians and Jordanians the plastinians and Jordanians are kind of similar but the Syrians and Lebanese are mixed with Europeans from crusaders so you will see red hair and face freckles and Grey and blue eyes......
@@tusmoaadil1825 Jordanians show as 93% Canaanite, that doesn't leave a lot of room for European admixture. There is light skinned, blue-eyed blondes in Israel from 6500BCE. See, *_"Ancient DNA from Chalcolithic Israel reveals the role of Population Mixture in Cultural Transformation"_*
NOT Beni Israel. B'nai. "Sons" of Israel. 😊
Fascinating, Many Facts.. Sir, you have an incredible knowledge!
Excellent Video, Thank you! 🎊
great video
I stopped watching eight minutes in. She asked you a direct question, are Ashkenazi Jews of Middle Eastern origin? You just rambled.
They're not
Care to say more?@@shafsteryellow
He doesn't want AIPAC on his back.
People's looks: There is no nose, eyes, ears, nor color to one group or the next. There is no skull, nor height, nor weight either. People reduce anything in the world around them to the simplest categories, to be able to digest and have a scenes of things. Just like there are highly intelligent to less than individuals, such are appearances, a gradient among and across populations. Not solid lines in the sand, a gradient. And nothing about DNA can be properly pieced together and understood, without the conclusions arrived at by the Human Genome Project as a starting point.
He acknowledged this within the first few minutes of the interview.
Ha ha Razib that's great that your favourite genealogical group is Cape Coloured, being of that background myself I find that very funny and affirming! Indeed we are so mixed it completely blows apart essentialised ideas of race. Razib, I'd love to send you two artworks I did of my family tree, one for my anti-racism work, and one when my child was born. Quilette, you asked why do people think it not appropriate to speak about race, well, growing up in Apartheid South Africa, it is the grinding, constricting classification of the individual that makes it repugnant to be racialised, especially as an individual. Speaking about genealogy in the fluid way you guys did in this video was great, like sommeliers talking about wine! I do the same myself often with trusted friends, so was great to see here!
Pre-1940 Italian citizenship could not be passed on maternally. I've done this work to get my Italian citizenship via my father
Very a few arguments on actual genetics and research publications in reputable scientific periodicals. I mean nothing wrong with cross reference on commonality of religious tradition, historical facts and even looks but he put too much emphasis on irrelevant to science arguments IMHO
You might adduce an example.
Palestinians are actually Syrians, Lebanese, Jordanians and Egyptians. Palestinians in southern Israel are more similar to Egyptians and Palestinians in the north to Syrians and Lebanese.. There is not really a Palestinian ethnic group, there was no Palestinian state, it was always part of an empire
you're really gripping at straws here.. when you can't prove your existence, you try to disprove others'..?
was their land vacant for all of these years? who are the descendants of caananites and phillistines ? and before you say palestine is not phillistine, let me refer you the Arabic way of saying "palestine", we say it as "phillistine"..
you failed in history and you failed in common sense
Ethnicity is not tied to the state. A made up category of nationality is, though. What we call a state today, didn't exist not too long ago. There were tribes or ethnic groups living on a certain piece of land for a while. That's about it. There is no Jewish or any other ethnicity either, if we use your logic.
@@realqualia7175
very true.. the idea of state vs empire vs country is bogus they cling to try and make sense of their delusions..
😂😂😂
You say there was never a Palestinian ethnic group but there wasn't a Syrian, Lebanese nor Jordanian either as all were created at the same time though Sykes Picot
OMG!!! I just discovered you! This is amazing. You are amazing.
Wow, thank you!