The 180 Degree Rule of Shutter Speed with Video Examples
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- Опубликовано: 4 окт 2024
- A full explanation of the 180 Degree Rule as we venture through Oregon.
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My first video shoot was in a television studio in 1975 operating a camera about the size of a small car. And it was heavier than a car. No-one needed to diet, because the searing heat from the lighting melted the fat off our bodies. I left production around 2000, when BetaCam was all the rage and something called non-linear was promising a new and better future. We'd shoot on videotape, then encode into digital - about double-real-time - so that we could edit on computers that had clumsy interfaces and a rack full of hard drives with enough space to hold almost 30 minutes of raw video. The guys editing their news reports with analog were often finished before the guys editing with non-linear had encoded their video.
I'm retired now and trying to re-learn in digital what I knew so well in analog. In all my hours of research, this might well be the most helpful six minutes that I've spent. This old geezer truly appreciates your guidance in this video.
If I might offer something in return, three key elements of production remain unchanged from 1950: framing, lighting, sound. When any of these calls attention to itself, it distracts from the story. Throughout your video, I'd suggest either more lighting or less ball cap. The facial shadows hurt your production.
This dude is so watchable. Great delivery my man.
To each his own I guess…..I started watching and after 44 seconds got enough of dudebro here, reminds me of the snl sketches “The Californians” imma learn the 180 degree rule somewhere else I think…
@@Robherczeg what was wrong?
Honestly, I have watched a crap ton of videos on many subjects and I honestly must say THIS is one of the BEST videos/tutorials I have ever scene (pun intended.) This guy is super natural not over the top animated or super tech for no reason and that made him enjoyable to watch and easy to understands he described things simply & then provided the visual. Im subscribing and will buy your products .This guy should do way more videos
Hi Matt, Thank you for watching our video on the 180 degree rule of shutter! We have a variety of content available for you to learn about various topics and continue to film and upload new ones on a regular basis. Thank you for support and we look forward to bringing you more in the near future!
Thanks for explaining the concept with beautiful shots ... I would suggest a side by side comparison as well for those like me who like to visually see the difference real time :)
Great suggestion, we will try to incorporate that into the next videos we film. Thanks for watching
0:50 what a great sequence :D explaining while loading his gun
Exactly what the doctor ordered. Thanks for a very well done video and superb explanation.
This is the best film I have seen on youtube for explaining shutter speed! Thank you!
I actually prefer the 1/800th waterfall :P
I think Saving Private Ryanʻs combat scenes spawned a fascination for high shutter speed shots.
When he says the waterfalls, ocean & streams "look odd" to him at high FPS, I dont know that I agree.
@@jasonl4718 Exactly. I've been following this rule for quite some time myself because I just blindly follow. But honestly, this video showed that it's not that much of an issue. If anything, the 1/800 waterfall looks like those videos you see on the demo videos in the TV department in stores. You know, those. And it looks pretty high end and crisp sometimes, and that could be a good thing.
This video deserves way, way more views
Very good explanation - and something that might be overseen easily: great work by the camera(wo)man and post production. Great video!
Great video. A natural behind and in front of the camera. 👍
Wow. Well done. Easy to understand and videos were spot on representations of subject matter. Thanks for sharing.
Hi John, Thanks for taking the time to watch and write your positive feedback! Glad you found this video useful and if you are interested in learning more, check out some of our other videos and content!
wickedly done..thank you...learnt a lot...
Wow, Oregon is so beautiful.
Is it just me or does the shorter shutter speed (eg 2000th second) not actually look that bad....
This is a great video, but I'm with you Luke.
Great explanations....Thanks
Very nicely explained.. and many thanks for sharing this...
You just explain a basic but important concept in a very simple way. Love it 👍
Thanks for watching, Jimmy! That was the goal in mind. Glad it helped and hope you to take these rule into account while shooting your next project!
Great delivery and explanation. Thanks!
Just eyeballs got motion blurs and high shutter speed cameras don't have as much. Tbh I did not even see a difference in the coastline scene. It is purely personal choice of ascetics. Carrying ND and swapping it is too much effort for certain looks especially when you are on the move or using a drone. Fantastic presentation. Love it!
Fantastic. Thank you!
Glad it helped!
Brilliant. Nice and easy to watch.
It's not double it's half the frame rate. We're talking about fractions. 1/50th is half of 25fps (which would be 1/25th of a second for each frame minimum to avoid frame overlap)
You are absolutely correct! We opted to present the information in the way we felt would be most broadly understood since many cameras do not display the shutter speed as a fraction (the traditional 1/60 format), and not everyone may be familiar with the math behind the magic.
great video and explanation, thank you!
Ok, so the denominator of the shutter speed needs to be twice the fps setting; e.g., 30 fps & 1/60 sec, 60 fps & 1/120 sec, etc. Set them and forget them. Set exposure using ISO, aperture, and/or ND filter. Looks like I’m ordering ND filters for my DJI Mini 2 tonight..
Great video!
Thanks Erik 🙌
Really great video! Enjoyed this one!
Thanks Dave!
If you shoot at 60 fps and you are not going to make it a slow motion video, then you should use the shutter speed of 1/60. Gerald Undone has made a great example video of this. Search for gerald undone motion blur
Very well done video on shutter speed.
Thank you very much for watching!
well i was needing some info to help me feel better about the $200 i just spent on a variable ND filter. This was just the info i needed and im pretty happy about my purchase now!
Awesome and easy to understand! Thank you!
great video! i need to get some ND filters for my mavic 2 but man ore they expensive.. i guess until then ill play with frame rate when adjusting shutter.
Thanks for watching! We appreciate it :)
Cool, thank You!
No Problem, thanks for watching!
Great video! Now I understand the value of ND filters. Sub'd and will definitely be checking out more of your vids.
Awesome, thank you!
Amazing video, well done! 👍
Cool video, looking forward to more!
Thanks for watching Mateusz!
Man, I thought you were hiking but then you said "long drive"............LOL. Love the explanation and the visual examples. Makes much more sense to me now, even though I'm still rather clueless :)
We are glad that we helped make a little sense of the 180 degree rule! Now we recommend putting it into practice and playing around with the different speeds and frame rates to find what fits your vision or project! Happy shooting!
My only question is, how did you carry all that gear up there?
thanx man !!
Great information!
Nice looking camera system... 👍
Great video! I loved seeing the comparison threw your camera! There is a big difference between 1/800 and 1/50!
As a complete dummy on the subject, where did you get 1/800 and 1/2000 shutter speeds from? Like apart from picking, say, 1/1000 or something like that. Is it just dependent on what/where you're filming?
For this type of footage, I prefer high shutter speeds and small apertures (less blur).
This video is old but im going to try getting an anser for my problem here, if you shoot at 60fps but turn ir in 25fps on premiere do you go 1/50 or 1/120?
very informative
Great video thanks. What happens if you shoot with 60fps but choose shutterspeed of 1/80th or 1/100th for example?
Is it just going to look also unnatural to the eye, cause there will be more blur then we are used to?
Hi vision - spoken truth, That is correct. The these parameters will create a piece that will not look natural when playing it back. However, for certain scenes or creativity within a project, perhaps this is something you would want to "play around with" and see if it fits the vision or feeling you are trying to have your audience feel.
Yup I do it all the time and it looks great! Shoot at 60p with 180 rule so shutter at 125 but you also have to edit in a 60p timeline to keep it real-time.
You have twice as many frames to work with so the fast motion is better captured so your video is going to be for sure smoother!!
I liked the article. But I was a bit out with the maths. So 180 degrees means FPS=Shutter/2. So, is 45 degrees like Shutter=FPS*8 ? Maybe open up the maths a bit.
The math is Shutter speed at double your frame rate:
If Frame Rate is 30 shutter speed should be 1/60th
Good information
am I'm crazy but I cannot watch video with lower than 60 fps because the picture is glitching like a hell especialy when you're moving the camera...
Thank you for the great video! I got another question! :)
What if we shoot at 1/25 for PAL or 1/30 for NTSC? Will the blur be more? Am thinking that this will reduce the ISO by half too in low light setting, therefore increasing the dynamic range of the sensor?
To mimic motion as we see it in the real world your shutter should be double frame rate. So if you are shooting 48fps your shutter speed should be 1/100th.
Every sensor is different and has a native ISO that is performs best at
what if you shoot at 60fps, but plan on exporting as 24fps video? what shutter speed do you use to look most natural, 1/120th or 1/50th
Hi! Thanks for watching our video on the 180degree rule! If you plan on shooting at 60fps, you will want to use 1/120th even though you plan to export at 24fps. If you have any further questions, please let us know.
If you shoot at 60fps and drop that onto a 24p timeline, check the footage at 40% and 80% speeds. Still shoot at 1/120 and you could also shoot at 1/50, it's just a different effect.
Hey Jeff, great easy-to-follow explanation, thanks! I have a question that I can't get to the bottom of.
So I usually film myself snowboarding with my GoPro at 60 or 120 fps so I have the extra fps in case I need to do some slow motion action. However, in post I want to export the footage to 24fps for the more cinematic feel.
Now, if I shoot in camera with 60fps and shutter speed of 1/120 and then in post I export it to 24fps, will the footage still keep its cinematic look? Or I should always use shutter speed of 1/48 when I know the final file will be exported to 24fps?
Thanks for watching! We'd recommend keeping the 60/120 ratio you're using while shooting. The cinematic look is created in-camera by that ratio, through the motion blur it causes in each frame of the video. This blur is not something that would be affected by exporting at 24fps. Feel free to reach out if you have any further questions (:
@@PolarProFilters Thanks for being so prompt, I'll give it a try next time I'm on the slopes!
@@silviusmeria Awesome! Feel free to reach out if you have any further questions (:
I don't understand one thing: Why don't we perceive the 1/800 shutter speed the same way we perceive it in nature? Why do we perceive video images as 'jittery,' but nature doesn't? And at what shutter speed would that possibly be the case? 🤔
Your brain processes motion closest to double frame rate (it blurs motion). 1/800th shutter speed does not have any motion blur.
Thanks
Man !
Hm not agree with that system. It's works more for cinematic style, but if you want more dynamic- more shutter speed is better.
Thanks for the suggestion! Like you said, preferred shutter speed in your film depends on the desired look you are trying to accomplish and personal preference-- these are our recommendations. (:
This is Awesome
It was a nice trip and I learned alot....
Dude thanks for the video samples ! Makes so much sense. I have a question though, when I shoot dance videos, do I keep 24 fps or shoot at higher ? Since it is sports and sometimes the movements are very fast too .
Not an expert, but I’d think it would depend on how it will be viewed. If in the end it will be viewed at 24fps then shooting higher will mean the action will look ‘jittery’ because the action will move further between frames and in between will be blank space, kind of like a stop-motion film. The blur caused by lowering the shutter speed will fill in that space and make it look more like how our eyes perceive it. If in the end it will be viewed at 60fps, then a higher shutter speed will still have the ‘in between’ frames and it won’t look as jittery/‘stop-motion-y’ as when it’s viewed at a lower frame rate. RUclips can show video at 60fps and blurays can also show 60fps instead of the usual 24 or 30. Videography is so much more complicated than photography lol
Shoot at 60fps for fast motion but edit in a 60p Timeline as well! Sharp, crisp video with more frames so it’s not choppy like at 24p. 24fps doesn’t generate enough frames to keep up to fast motion.
"Just wanted to demonstrate this 180 degree rule... Hmm. what camera should I use?? Well better go with the RED!"
I'm having Jittery Footage When Panning with a6500 4K! I'm sick with these choppy videos problems! I follow all the rules 30fps at 1/50 or 1/60. My goPro is much more smooth than my sony a6500!
It's probably the speed at which you pan. The old rule was never pan faster than a screen width every 7 seconds. The slower your frame rate, the slower you need to pan. RED has a calculator to help determine the pan speed, depending on your lens size, sensor size, frame rate and the angle of view, (how far you're panning). You have to test it to get a feel of how fast you can move the camera or pan. Hope that helps!
Could also be a slow sd card. You probably need a card that can read/write at speeds over 100mbps. Hope you fixed it by now!
Would F120/S240 really look the same as 24/48 . I'd be surprised 24/48 wouldnt look similar to 120/48 yet destroying the rule . I'm only just learning this stuff but I've seen a few say 60/48 looks the same as 24/48 as far as natural
At 2:49, why must use a filter instead of lowering the ISO?
When you use low shutter speeds, even if having iso at 100, if the scene is bright it will be overexposed, believe me, that's why you need to change the aperture or use an nd filter if you wanna keep aperture
Hi. What happens if I set set shutter speet slower than 1/48s? 1/24s=360° or even more slower than a 1/24s?
Helmet mounted motorcycle filming with OSMO Action. Want to know settings for minimum blur at high speeds. I intend filming in 4K. Best frame rate? 4K60 with 1/120 shutter and a ND filter? Only shoot in sunny blue sky weather.
Earlier I have been using go pros and always getting non HD looking footage out of it....
Hey, Franz! Those suggested settings will work great for this purpose, as you will be able to slow the footage down in post to 50% normal speed and have it still look smooth, in addition to having the cinematic motion blur the 180 rule creates. If it's in sunny weather, you will probably need an ND16 or ND32 filter in order to get the proper exposure (:
Great explanation dude.
What would you recommend for indoor sports? I mostly take video but take the occasional photo so ND filter won’t work as it would slow down photos too much. I typically have Sony a7iii set at 1/400 at f2.8 at approx with iso adjusted to approx 600-1000 for sports action indoor. Until seeing this video and learning about 180 rule I just used P setting and used shutter for photos and back button for video start/stop on the 1/400 shutter. Does that mean I will have to change between video and photo on the main dial now or can I still keep main dial on P and have different shutter speed for photo and video? Great video btw.
Hey, Kimberley! We would love to give you a personalized recommendation for this question. Please reach out to our support team (support@polarpro.com) who is ready to assist you with this (:
You're easy to follow!
In the coast shot why didn't you set ISO to less then 800? You would get less noise and would not have to use an ND filter. Is it the limitation of the log profile?
Hey Knee-Cola! In this video we are actually filming with a RED camera. Essentially, we are shooting with an ISO of 800 in order to avoid clipping our highlights. RED cameras have a different relationship to the ISO setting than most other camera types do, in that the ISO does not get baked into the captured footage, so the noise becomes less of a concern. Here's an article on RED's site that further explains this:
www.red.com/red-101/iso-speed-revisited
If you have any further questions, feel free to reach out: support@polarpro.com
@@PolarProFilters thank you for a clear explanation!
Got it from this video. Thanks
What will happen when you set your fps higher? Thanks for sharing :)
Hey, there! The video will come out with an unnaturally smooth/crisp look if the frame rate is higher, as there will be less or no motion blur depending on how fast the shutter speed it set. On paper this may sound good, but in practice it's jarring to watch - something feels off since our eyes do always see motion blur when looking around normally.
Please avoid this rule for high framerates. This is only valid for 24/25 fps. This is a good myth to bust
Depends on what the output of your video is. If it's slow motion, you want 180 degree. Because an object that's moving slow, shouldn't have that much motion blur. If you're consuming the video in 60fps, full speed, then you want a shutter similar to the 24fps. Maybe like 50-60th. Then you have the right amount of blur
slava ukraine
oookkkk, but then why a cinema camera like red offers a shutter speed like 1/2000?
I sure hate to have to carry around that camera
Anyone else notice the single frames spliced in at the beginning?
These guys must be Fight Club fans...
i literally never notice a difference ever
me too
change your shutter speed bro. lol
It's really noticeable when you edit the footage by yourself :)
It’s noticeable when you shoot people close up rapping and moving their head quite a lot, and realise you’ve fucked the whole video up whilst you’re trying to edit it
glad someone said it. haha. I wonder if struggling with gear like filters to make the aperture correct when... just changing the shutter speed (for my eyes seems to make no decipherable difference)... I guess if I was making an actual movie I'd play the 180 rule but... I'm not so sure I need to bother with this level of professionalism. I originally watched these examples on my phone, could see nothing different. Re-watched on my laptop, could barely see anything, and not worth me changing how I film. I wonder if its more noticeable the larger the screen?
Hey mate, can you do an experimental shutter angle, coz ive jjst discovered that Steven Spielberg shot Saving Private Ryan at 90 and 45 degree shutter angle.
Hi JupiterOne, Thanks for the suggestion! This could be an interesting topic for us to tackle and provide a similar video using these unconventional methods. Stay tuned!
why not maintain 24fps if you want motion blur? why do you have to make it 1/50?
and if you're shooting 50fps, why do you have to make it 1/100? why not maintain 1/50 shutter?
Hey, there! Shooting at 24fps is completely fine - our recommendation in that case is to make the Shutter Speed 1/50, not the fps. Shutter Speed and fps are separate settings, but they can work together to create motion blur in your shots if set up correctly. (: Please feel free to reach out to our support team for a more in-depth recommendation on this, if needed: support@polarpro.com
Just hyptothetically - I have a phone and I don't want to / can't use an ND filter. But I will use the frame blending in premiere to get that motion blur. Will the water look better?
We can't speak on Premiere's tools but we can say that content always looks better when it is executed correctly in camera rather than trying to replicate the same effect post-production.
I have a problem with the way people explain this. "it creates the same motion blur we would see with our eyes". But my eyes are watching the movie. If my eyes did it naturally there would be no need to shoot it that way. I always follow the 180 rule. But i can't say it's for any reason other than its what I'm used to. I haven't heard a breakdown that actually makes sense. My assumption would be that the closet something is to your face, the more blur there is. Because a screen is so far away, it wouldn't blur naturally. But because the perspective of the camera is so close to the action, your brain expects it to blur, but it won't in your eyes because in reality your farther away. That's my guess?
The 180 rule mimics motion the same way you perceive it in real life (aka not watching a screen). So this principle is trying to mimic motion as we experience it in day to day life
@@PolarProFilters yea, but why dont my eyes and brain automatically apply it to content on screen as well? like, i watch something happen in real life, and there's motion blur. but when i watch a video of the same thing, the motion blur isn't there, just because it's on a screen? does it have to do with scale? irl the thing I'm watching takes up my whole field of view, but watching it on screen it's significantly smaller, therefore less motion blur in my vision? that's the part no one's been able to explain to me haha i understand the 180 degree shutter, but i don't understand what's going on in the brain
@@Randuski Oh yah lol thats above our pay grade, would for sure be an interesting interview with a neuroscientist
350 miles, boy you can run fast!
🏃♂️
Hi, I was shooting at 24fps but then I want to use f2.8 to get that creamy bokeh. Can I get away with shooting without ND Filter? I ended up using 1/800+ shutter speed tho.
Hey, Jaycee! It ultimately comes down to personal preference. We like to keep our shutter speed at 2x the frame rate, so in this case that would mean 1/48. 1/48 will definitely require a filter since that's a very low shutter speed, but the result will have a nice cinematic motion blur present. If shooting at 1/800 you can get away without using a filter, but will compromise the loss of the motion blur.
I don't understand why lower shutter speeds look odd. If we are talking about "how our eyes perceive motion", shouldn't they perceive the motion differently even though something was recorded in lower shutter speeds? Or this relates to effective movement and once recorded the rays of light refraction and etc are already processed and there's where the lower shutter speed makes it look odd? (my background in physics is not very strong so not sure if this does even make sense :D)
We perceive motion with slight blurring in our daily world. The closest way to mimic this in film is to have shutter speed at double frame rate. At these shutter speeds motion is slightly blurred making it feel similar to the way we see it in the real world. Hope that helps!
@@PolarProFilters The closest way to mimic real world vision in video is by filming and displaying at a high frame rate. Our eyes don't have shutter speeds, we see continuous motion, not discrete frames. The only way to approach that is have a frame rate high enough that differences between consecutive frames start to become imperceptible, and leave any "motion blur" illusion for the eye itself.
Feature films use 24 FPS because film people find it "artistic" to adhere to the aesthetics of ancient film technology -- early 20th century ancient, that is. Despite artists' stuck-up attitude, video technology has come a long way.
@@arsnakehert Shutter speed is used to control the amount of motion blur in each frame. When shutter speed is equal to double frame rate, that is the closest to how we perceive motion-blurring in real life. Using different frame rates and shutter speeds is always up to the cinematographer on what they want the audience to experience and feel. You are right, if you use a higher frame rate, you use a faster shutter speed > 24fps = 1/50th, and 120 fps = 1/240th. The 180 degree rule is exactly what you are talking about :)
@@PolarProFilters but it won't have any motion blur if you shoot it at the frame rate higher than 25 fps, unless you use it for slow motion
4:14 and his name is John Cenaaa!!!
Thanks but this is pixel peeper kinda stuff. The average viewer will never see a difference in the water in the first example, nor would they care. In the second example, you are panning much faster in the 1/800 shot which is creating more of the "jitter" look. This is an ancient rule from the film days. Plenty of modern mirrorless cameras perform perfectly well shooting video in aperture priority mode with no ND filter. Ive been shooting video for years this way. I wouldn't shoot fast action with it but for portrait work, especially slowed down, its never been an issue.
This is just a film principle almost all TV shows and Motion pictures use. Its not really about camera technology it's about imitating motion the same way we perceive it in real life. Its for sure subtle, it really comes down to how you want your audience to experience your work
It's 1/48 in feature films not 1/50.
Hi 2019 DE, Thanks for watching and your feedback. You are correct, the standard for feature films is 24fps and when used would be 1/48th of a second for the shutter speed and not the noted 1/50th.
I believe they said 1/50th because some cameras shoot 1/50th and don't have a 1/48th. They're virtually the same though so it won't really have any impact.
5:17 Sorry, but I see still very jittery water, just blurred more!
So if the rule is to use double the frame rate then why do video camera's have shutter speeds that are much higher than this. Also what about when shooting wildlife, eg, birds in flight, and what about panning, would it not look jittery at 1/50 and introduce blur. I understand what you are saying about the human eye but if we shoot in 24P, 50P or 60P then surely the camera only needs 3 shutter speeds, 50-100 and 120? - Confused, yes, I am
Hey, Gary! We would love to clear up the confusion and give you a personalized recommendation regarding this question. Please reach out to our support team who is happy to help you: support@polarpro.com (:
Some of you are trippin. I could see the difference while watching on my phone.
Love love love PolarPro filters on my Mavic Pro and Phantom 4 Pro, but this video is not appealing. Red camera or not, it needs some color grading or something.
Love the feedback thanks Mary! I think we tried to stick with a more natural grade on this one, but will take note of your feedback
You must be a realtor
Ya bruh
Higher frame rates look more natural, not 24 FPS with whatever shutter speed
Thanks for watching! The 180 degree rule is not saying 24FPS is ideal. Its just saying whatever your frame rates are to have shutter speed at double that to mimic the way we perceive motion in person :) Its up to the Cinematographer to choose which shutter speed / Frame rate they want to use to capture and present their vision
Higher frame rates do not look more natural. Saving Private Ryan is a perfect example. Most of the action scenes are filmed in a higher frame rate. It is done so to make it look jittery and taxing on the viewer, to feel like your right in the moment, but it's not natural at all.