Violet violent Phosphorus EXPLODES on impact!
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- Опубликовано: 25 авг 2024
- You know that red phosphorus is resistant to physical impact as well as in air, but if you try to crack a piece of violet phosphorus (or Hittorf's metallic phosphorus), the fragments may ignite!
Actually, you can consider it a low-key red phosphorus, although there will be much more difference in this case, unlike comparing the difference between white and yellow phosphorus
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Never thought phosphorus can look so metallic and shiny.
Some non-metals like carbon and iodine look so metallic and shiny.
Also, purple is my favorite color XD
@@Melisareb yeah, i know, but phosporus is the last one i would imagine being metallic.
Shiny phosphorus has appeared...
Nice comment. I hope to catch one too myself.
Every chemical looks metallic and shiny if you're brave enough
I really appreciate you dressing in all violet for this video lol
You found the Easter egg! 😃
@@ChemicalForce Hiding in plain sight!
@@ChemicalForce- Noticed it immediately as soon as the video started... her, gotta look good to go out with a bang. lol
@@ChemicalForceto me the violet phosphorus didn’t look that violet
I’ve actually heard about this allotrope before back when I was participating in the International chemistry olympiad, after that I made a couple of problems myself for our country’s national olympiad for school students featuring this chemical. And I remeber how really hard it was to search for even a tiniest piece of information about it. Don’t have a slightest clue, where you get such artifacts for the videos, but I respect your work a lot. Thanks for showing people substances, that most of chemists around the globe would have seen otherwise only written in textbooks.
@@Paonporteur that's because most people aren't interested in explosives first of all and second of all most people don't go looking for obscure versions of things they learnt 23 years ago in standerd 2
@@Paonporteur though if they do there's no better place to be.
he says he made it from super pure white phosphorus heated while sealed in ampule.
I think it catches fire because of this: When the phosphorus 's crystal structure breaks, en masse, it releases energy, causing a chain reaction that shatters the phosphorus. As this happens, it vacuums in oxygen, which at the temperature the phosphorus is at, ignites instantly, causing an instant fireball. However, this is just my speculation.
My first thoughts were piezoelectricity but I am not expert.
@@HeaanLasai There was a YT video I saw awhile ago where someone hit a quartz crystal with a hammer and you could see the electric spark. I believe it was explained as the crystal lattice got rearranged (compressed) such that electrons were kicked off from it. If memory serves me right.
I'm gonna guess because it's structure is pretty stable, but with a lot of ring strain. When hit, it generates enough heat to convert some of it back to white phosphorus and it starts a chain reaction rapidly throughout the crystal, releasing all that strain converting it back to the white allotrope. I really am not sure, but it just makes sense to me based on what little I know about the violet form.
i think u right... it's akin to the way epsom salts are mostly water kinda, but in reverse. i dunno im not an expert. i do think its related to a crystalline to amorphous transition and the energy exchange involved.
chemistry is so cool i'm just now starting to learn about it and this channel is like a professor
@@KimTiger777 Quartz only generates _net_ voltage when cut and strained along a particular plane. Basically, there are helical polymeric structures of alternating Si and O atoms in the crystal that are hexagonal which allows for charge imbalance to be developed when strained. It's a direct result of differing partial charges on the Si and O though so it can't happen in monoatomic crystals. Steve Mould did the video you may be thinking of. It's also that video where I'm getting most of this info. ruclips.net/video/wcJXA8IqYl8/видео.html That's it there.
Some how I missed learning about this allotrope of phosphorus. As such this video is really interesting.
Man, I remember seeing your videos a few years ago. You have come a really long way with the quality of your videos
Welcome back! :D
Same as a few others who commented, I had not heard of the purple allotrope of phosphorus until now. This is a really neat demonstration video of purple phosphorus. Thank you so much for making it!!! Now I need to go do some research to further educate myself.
So cool as always....
My guess is, violet P ignites upon cracking because it's extremely brittle. It breaks up into thousands of pieces with a high contact area with air, and there may be static electricity sparks created as the crystal structures are shattered.
So you get a highly combustible fine powder of phosphorus intimately mixed with air and ignited by static discharge.... all the elements of the fire triangle are there, and this is a perfect setup for a dust explosion.
🤔 Well, now I understand why I shouldn't have bought that box of violet phosphorus decking nails to build my new deck with. They kept exploding every time I hit them with a hammer! I knew I should've bought the potassium nails instead! 😁
This is the first time I've ever seen an allotrope of phosphorus that isn't white or red. Thank you so much for this video!
Your sound and video are not in the same timing. :)
But glad to see a video of you :p
lol i literally restarted my tab a few times because of this xD
This is seriously incredible, keep up the fantastic work.
As always, very unique chem and extraordinary vid, thank u for making my day, chemforce!!
bruh that explosion at 5:30 looks unreal
It *almost* looks like CGI, it’s absolutely *INSANE* how cool it looks…
@@ExplosivesLaboratory it doesn't look as much as cgi as it does look like gunpowder
Some of the violet phosphorus bonds are broken during impact, turning into white phosphorus, which spontaneously combusts.
That was my thought, too (...kind of). When violet phosphorous can be turned into white phosphorous by melting, it also might be possible that white Phosphoprous forms in small amounts at shearing lines/planes when the violet allotrope is deformed by a heavy blow. And these are also the places where it gets into contact with air...
@@DasIstDochMalEinNameperhaps the temperature created by the friction and vibration is hot enough to vaporise some
1:00 Yes, yes yes! I love chemistry history snippets - please keep these coming, the history of chemistry is awesome!
When cracking violet Phosphorous you create a lot of reactive surface (I assume via homolytic breaking of the chemical bonds leading to the formation of radicals). The Phosphorous will also try to rearrange its remaining bonds to find a new energy minimum (cristallization energy gets released). Combine this with the ability to now react easily with Oxygen due to the radical formation beforehand and you might have enough energy output to sustain ignition. This is just speculation and probably wrong on many levels though.
^^ but with the replacement of reactive surface with more reactive crystallographic planes being exposed along with kinetic energy provided by the hammer. You can visibly see the presence of inhomogeneous planes from close examination of the crystal as it has multiple color domains
Mmm...and I thought white tasted the best.
Forbidden rock candy
Wow !!! - metallic phosphorous beautiful !!!
Ignition: Hazarding a guess, the impact = kinetic energy introduces intermolecular compression forces (an activation energy) of sorts….plus oxygen is in the mix !! - Analogy = [very much like, how diesel ignites] …..
N-Glycerine can be burnt but its the shock force that causes the molecular bonds smash into each other (activation energy) domino effect (detonation) ……🤔🤔🤔🤨😬
I’ve never even heard of it. You’re the best chemistry channel on RUclips
I haven't a clue why it explodes, but I enjoy watching the phenomenon.
Cool to see someone finally do a video on one of the less common and less useful but incredibly fascinating allotropes of phosphorous.
Вот это неожиданно! Ждём видео про халькогениды металлов, например теллурид натрия, селенид калия
Про селен было уже видео, там и селениды были, а вот насчёт теллура не помню)
Рад, что ты тоже смотришь этот канал))
The phosphorous probably ignites because it is pyrophoric if it has a large surface area. Hitting it with a hammer creates a lot of new surface area at once causing it to ingnite. Very cool video, thank you for showing such very rare chemicals! ;-)
The very best channel 👌 on YT. The cinematography, the score, the everything about this is awe-inspiring. It's the natural beauty of the earth and the yearning of man to grasp it and perceive it in such an ethereal yet grounding way. Exquisite.
Violet? More like violent
Nice video as always, Chemical
It’s violent and violet! 😉
I think violet phosphorus ignites as the fine powder along with the high energy of the broken crystal surface is enough to cause fast local reaction with oxygen, which causes a subsequent bulk reaction. But I have no scientific data to prove/disprove it. Who knows, maybe there might be a phase change from violet to white phosphorus which is finely divided and starts the combustion.
Incredible as always 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼
It might be informative to crack the violet phosphorus in a vacuum or inert atmosphere while observing it in the dark with a low-light camera. I think triboluminescence may contribute to the ignition.
Also, is this allotrope electrically conductive like a true metal?
Very cool shot of the of it cracking and igniting.
Congratulations on 100 k subscribers, the channel deserves it
🎉
Ah. My favourite element. Fuss-fo-roth. Also known as phosphorous.
Thank you!!!! I hope you keep making videos like this!
Perhaps some chemical formulas on the screen could enhance your content!!
I will be a fan no matter what. I love the visual content.
thank you so much for this video I have been searching for this kind of vid for long
I think, you should repeat the experiment with the hammer in a oxygen enriched atmosphere. That would most likely help us understanding the ignition phenomenon. 😊
And an inert atmosphere
What a shot you managed to get there @5:32. Kudos.
The ignition is so unreallistic that it looks like a cgi, rather that real thing. Nice video!
Me and my science teacher tried to make this in high school couldn't get it to work. The internet was still in its toddler phase.
Transition elements always look so amazing.
The legendary violet phosphorus
Really nice video =)
I think phosphorus ignites under pressure because it causes its covalent bonds to brake down. The free electrons combined with intense atmospheric pressures causes ionization of the phosphorus speeding up its decay factor creating a chain reaction of ionization.
More violets, less violence.
I'm a simple man. I see EXPLODES, I click.
I didn't even know there is a violet allotrope of phosphorus! That's pretty cool.
Phosphorus is so incredibly strange with all of its allotropes... I wonder what sort of crazy substances you could get with just phosphorus and carbon, another element known for its vast and varied allotropes.
@@Marco-nr4wy Well of course there's all sorts of biological stuff including phosphorus and carbon, but I mean like interesting synthetic lattices of the two with little/no other elements.
@@Marco-nr4wy There's also Polythiazyl, a very strange polymer of phosphorus and sulfur. Phosphorus chemistry is underrated.
@@Marco-nr4wy Yup, you would be correct, it seems I was a bit overeager with my response lol...
This guy looks exactly like what i imagine chemistry genius to look like
An odd allotrope of antimony explodes on impact as well, maybe it’s because they’re related, so the reason may be similar?
bro, phosphorus has gotta be my fav element, its just like the infinity stones kinda, theres purple/violet, red, yellow, white, black, heck, probably a rainbow one too
From a mechanical point: the lower impact which shattered a corner didn't ignite, the higher impact forces a lot of energy into the phosphorus piece. The energy(pressure) builds up heat in the phosphorus, which caused it to explode/react.
So cool! Never heard of it before!
your channel is so under-rated. i love your videos thank u
The macro shots look awesome, such a cool looking phosphorus
I think because violet phosphorus have a chain-like crystalline structure, it is rather brittle and when it broke, the crystalline structure beneath the pressure points turns rather amorphous, chaotic state, in that small amount of time, it acts like monomeric phosphorus (white phosphorus) or chain of monomeric phosphorus (red phosphorus) with extremely high surface area which will immediately ignite in the presence of oxygen.
I would imagine that it is for the same reason that Nitrogen Triiodide is such a powerful contact explosive. Violet Phosphorus is the same in that heavy contact with a hammer produces the same effect. Probably because the reaction conditions are impure unlike the nitrogen triiodide. Try the experiment in a pure Nitrogen atmosphere and let it soak into it for a good long time. Bet ya it take less pressure to explode the violet phosphorous. Either that and try a Oxygen atmosphere and see if it makes it more or less violent.
Violet Phosphorous is cool and all, but I've never seen liquid Chlorine before! 2:50
@@0verv0ltage did you notice how cold it was, in past videos he as almost always used elemental liquid chlorine.
It evaporates real quick, so it's indeed Chlorine. I imagine he keeps stuff like this at the ready in his freezer.
@@Ratzfourtyfour I think he condenses it from a gas phase with liquid nitrogen
Thank you very much for your wonderful channel I love you very much your brother from Algeria
My suspicion: impact breaks a brittle mass of violet phosphorus into tiny shards of phosphorus that can ignite due to friction. Although masses of some metals (whether magnesium or copper) resist ignition, powders of those two different metals can easily ignite. OK, violet phosphorus is not a metal, but impact greatly increases the surface area and friction can ignite it. It is the same element as the dangerous white phosphorus, which burns violently on contact with atmospheric oxygen.
The kinetic energy of the hammer turns some of the violet phosphorus to white phosphorus then heating the white phosphorus to ignition.
Phosphorus is always looking for some damn reason to ignite.
Internet temperature on the fissure line spikes because of the compression from the strike, it breaks and shatters reacting with oxygen
The kinetic energy of the hammer blow gets concentrated in some of the fragments of the violet phosphorus thus starting the flame.
fucking too simple an explanation professor
4:20 The bromine droplets almost look repellant, like it is reacting so rapidly that it is producing a leidenfrost like effect.
my science teacher at school used to throw this at us if we talked in class.
Such a beautiful substance!..)
Love your videos man
I think because the impact creates high pressure and temperature increase in the material and transforms a part of it into white phosphorous wich ignites on contact with air.
i think u should do a whole series on isotropic elements bc there are so many weird effects out there
i meant allotropic btw i am a musician im not good with worsrd sorry
If you noticed some became the red isotrope when lightly hammered. The violet version has a lot of strain due to the atoms being in a ring like structure. When broken it turns into an amorphous phosphorus releasing the energy as well as generating static electricity at the same time. The fine dust plus static causes ignition of the phosphorus. 🤓
Where is your accent from chemicalforce? I usually have a good ear for accents but I cannot work out yours! Great video about something I never knew existed!
My suspicion: disintegration of metallic phosphorus exposes oxidizable atoms of phosphorus, and this sets off a (chain) chemical reaction. Red phosphorus is more rigid, but white phosphorus burns violently.
Violet Phosphorous was one of God's own prototype allotropes. A high-powered mutant of some kind never even considered for mass production. Too weird to live, and too rare to die but when you hit it, it bursts into flames.
Absolutely love your videos, art and science
Hammer chemistry :)
On the next episode: "Black Phosphorus".
I like the extended up close look at the material with a macro lense. That is what I would do if I had it in my hand - take a good long look. Music was nice too.
Phosphorus is such an interesting element! The forms it can take, seems to change so much about it!
one of a kind
The crystal boundary layer fractures and forms white phosphorus on the surface.
I'm just happy to see someone using petri dishes for this kind of experiment instead of watch glasses (which always break).
I think it's caused by the inclusions of white phosphorus that form when the violet phosphorus crystallizes and they cause an explosion.
Something tells me that the violet phosphorus ignited from impact because it of heat, it got enough heat from few other hits and the last impact was "the final nail in the coffin" so to speak. Burning (oxidation) needs heat and you can create heat with pressurising certain elements (metal in this case). Of couse some elements go cold when pressurised, but thats the duality of life in a grand scale of things for you.
Your sample still has some lead in it.
It seems to explode on impact due to the heat released breaking the bonds holding it together as a solid.
I'm not a chemist but I would think the reason it ignites upon shattering has something to do with the bonds being broken and then reacting with the air somehow. Or hell it could be that the molecules smashing into each other create combustion like other oxidizers mixed with fuel. In this case air, and I guess phosphorus is a fuel?
I think the ignition comes from internal friction. Kinda like how tectonic plates hold immense energy under pressure for a bit, then suddenly release it all violently.
That is an extreme case of potential energy. The explosion already exists. It's just missing the force..
the internal friction from the sudden movement of the molecules against each other as the different crystals move along internal fault lines due to the impact. or at least it sounds good to me.
Awesome content. Lovely buddy.
The best way is to think of all that might be happening and start narrowing with testing what IS accually going on what is the product oxide -tetrahedral oxide, did the temp increase apon impact how much, from frictional surface tension? Lott's of variables to go over with scientific scrutiny. Love the videos by the way, your a great chemist
Amazing! I've heard about violet phosphorus before, but never really have seen in it action until now
P.S. Feliks did good on dressing for the occasion 😂
little boy style initiator with a mouseball in a large diameter test tube with a chunk of this at the bottom. impact sensitive and safe if a small layer of wax is over the violet phosphorus
I love this discount codys lab
My best bet is that violet phosphorus is pyrophoric, but a big lump of it doesn't have enough surface area to make it happen. As you crack and shatter it to smaller pieces, those small pieces have enough surface area to start a combustion reaction with oxygen.
My guess, based on physics, goes as follows: Breaking crystals always create triboluminescence, since the increase of entropy must release energy to comply with conservation of energy. When the created electromagnetic radiation is absorbed at the point of creation by the material itself and turned into heat, ignition energy threshold can be reached - resulting in a chain reaction as an explosion, or deflagration. I think, this hypothesis could by verified/falsified by thermal imaging.
Friction and shock are the reasons for the ignition and pop.
Maybe since it's a crystal, it has its own piezoelectric effect that ignites it.
Cracking violet phosphorus causing fire ? Perhaps sort of triboluminesence mechanism or piezo electric effect causing primary spark which in the presence of oxygen leads to immediate combustion. You should try it under argon atmosphere and look for light emissions.
Welcome to a watchlist if u aren’t already on one
Wow, never seen violet phosphors before.
Working with purple chemicals wear violet clothes, Nice touch :-D
My guess for the explosion is this: Since phosphorous is a soft element, when the crystal structure fractures, it is able to polarize enough to produce piezoelectric effect and the voltage causes a spark that ignites the o2 in air to oxidize the phosphorous.
O2 doesn’t ignite
Very Cool!