1942: Casablanca - America's Greatest Propaganda Film
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- Опубликовано: 9 фев 2019
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Casablanca is one of the most beloved films ever made. Its one of the finest examples of Hollywood firing on all cylinders, combining the effort of some of Hollywood's best and brightest Humphry Bogart, Ingrid Burgman, Micheal Curtez, Arther Edson, Max Stiner and more.
Casablanca tells the story of, Rick Blaine, a nightclub owner in the refugee-port city of Casablanca comes across official letters of transit, letters that would allow him and one other person to finally leave Casablanca for good, but his plans are complicated when his former love arrives in town on the arm of wanted resistance leader.
But deeper than that its story of America, it's multicultural roots as a beacon for those fleeing tyranny, and decision to abandon its isolationist policies and join the war.
This video explores the propagandist themes of Casablanca, and how Hollyward joined the war effort to help sway the American popular opinion regarding WWII
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It's easy to forget that at the time Casablanca was filmed and released, nobody knew what the outcome of the war would be. Having watched the film for the first time in 2020 knowing that the Allies were indeed victorious, I'm not sure if I'll ever be able to the film quite the same way as its original audience did.
Certainly. It would be like future human cyborg hybrids in our future trying to figure out how it felt when we heard 'You've got mail' for the first time. Incomprehensible.
Good point. The context of a film is so important
definitly.
That is why the USA never joined the war against Nazi Germany.
If you'll ever be able to what the film?
Casablanca is the greatest film ever made, by a long way. But no one person is responsible for its greatness, not even Michael Curtiz. It was just the perfect storm. The perfect cast, script, director, score, everything. An accident of nature, which is why it will probably never be topped.
Agree but i would call it Divine Magic instead of an accident.
*Charlie.....i Think this is the beginning of a beautiful video.*
Casablanca is not a masterpiece it is THE masterpiece. I know some people will say Citizen Kane, the Godfather, or Gone with the Wind or some other such nonsense was the best picture ever made,
but for my money, this is the perfect film by which standard every other film should be judged.
Over the years I have increasingly grown to appreciate Casablanca on many levels and in many different ways. As I have explored the film more deeply, its historical context, the embedded message to the American people in 1942, the superb intertwining of so many characters, the intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts, the reality of how complicated lives, relationships and the world can be, has resulted in my respect and admiration. Some of the iconic scenes still have an emotional impact (e.g., the singing of La Marseillaise, the long take of Ilsa hearing Sam play "As TIme Goes By," Rick's emotional agony late at night in the cafe ... "of all the gin joints" and of course the airport scene at the end). A great movie to watch and re-watch.
Ooh yeah, I have watched it umpteen times but admit that in my younger days, had not appreciated the movie as much as I do now
If you had been around in 1942 you would realise how very important this film was to us in Britain! What with bombing, food scarcity, and terrible loss of good people’s lives Casablanca film was great for our morale! Goodness conquers evil! We could breathe again after watching Casablanca
The courage of Britons in WWII is still inspiring to all students of world history.
This. This is why Casablanca is so great. By embracing complexity, it becomes strong enough to hang almost any interpretation or critical analysis upon it. Is it propaganda? Certainly. But it is also a film in which the problems of two people don't amount to a hill of beans. But which two? Everyone has backstory, everyone has a character--based in cliche, true, but still exhibiting just enough character development that we can care about them as characters and not cliches.(Clearly a film that Joss Whedon learned from).
On my repeated viewings of Casablanca over the years, I've on occasion just listened to the film, concentrating on its sound design or soundtrack. Or admired how the lighting design communicates--they were masters of black and white filming by this point. Or watch for the subtleties of performance from the leads. Again, so many ways to approach the film.
Excellent analysis of the film as propaganda, BTW. Certainly the film can be taken in under this umbrella. Just not *only* this one umbrella. One can tease apart Casablanca in so many ways. It's great to see someone do their homework, and put the film in its historical and cultural context. You do fine work on these videos.
Fantastic analysis
It is effective propaganda for the simplest reason; it is true. Cliches often become cliches because they are more often than not true. The 'good' guys, the Resistance and fellow travellers are no angels. The Prefect of Police is a key figure but likely is closer to being a devil. Due to the nature of the 'mission' the Germans you see are most SS members...not exactly punch clock villians but 'true believers'. Truth has power.
Excellent video. Casablanca is one of my all time favorite movies because of how deceptively simple it is. Easy to understand on a first viewing, but digging deeper reveals countless angles by which you can analyze it. Profoundly moving every time.
Well said! So much of the enjoyment of rewatching it over and over is peeling back the layers of the onion and finding new details.
Yes! Saw Casablanca in 1942! It helped keep our spirits high at the wretched times! Anything against the enemy mattered to us!
This video came at a very convenient time for me. This Wednesday I'm going to see Casablanca at the movie theatre in 35mm film projection.
I saw it at Harvard square Brattle theater when I was in college there some years back and the audience booed and hissed whenever Ilsa said something like 'I'm too tired, Rick. You think for the both of us.' Apparently they felt her character wasn't strong enough, or that the writing was sexist.
Good grief. So childish...not to mention wrong. Ilsa is a very strong character. They ruined the experience. People even laughed and chuckled all throughout 'Fail-Safe' since it was shown double feature after 'Dr. Strangelove', which is, obviously a comedy. I had to walk out-the only time I ever walked out on a movie-and it wasn't because of the movie. I hope your experience isn't fraught with such nonsense and blowhards. This was many years ago, so I can't even imagine what they will be doing now. Good luck.
@@theschizoidman Yeah, unfortunately most of today's audience don't understand or don't care about the value of these classics. Fortunately when I went to see it, it was at a sort of art-house theater in New York. Everyone seemed to enjoy the movie, myself included.
@@theschizoidman I understand you but it's not the same to watch a movie while you're with your friends thinking more about spending a funny time with them that to watch it alone at home at night relaxed, with no worries in mind and still. I think this is the best way to enjoy this kind of films, so don't get so angry with them 😅, not everybody has to be in the apropiate state of mind to apreciate this kind of films the way they should be apreciated.
Casablanca is the greatest film of all time. The characters were all at the height of their glamor , the plot has intrigue, wit and relevance even across these 70+ years.
I particularly enjoy the story that Humphrey Bogart was not the first choice for Rick. Other actors , including a young guy named Ronald Reagan were considered ahead of Bogart. He took the role and made it his own. Though he was superb in every film, Bogart became a Hollywood immortal thanks to Casablanca.
The greatest movie ever made. He catches the main idea that Rick is America personified, but doesn't add the capstone, the actual dates in history on which the story (other than the Paris flashbacks) takes place. There are subtle clues in the dialogue that give you that information, and it makes the timing of the airport scene all the more significant.
During the national anthem scene the actors cry real tears and in turn I cry real tears.
As an American, I feel the French National Anthem is the most moving of all nations national songs. Now, it's almost impossible to hear it without thinking of WWII and this film.
A bunch of hypocrites
I only just found this channel. It looks like you abandoned your project no more than half way through. That is too bad because your treatment of Casablanca is very excellent and makes me want to watch everything else you uploaded. Looking forward to many hours of high grade, intellectual entertainment. Liked and subscribed, and very much hoping you eventually complete your work.
You never ceases to amaze me! A well crafted analysis, of one of my all time favorite movies and this isn't even the first time you've done something similar to this. You always chooses the best, most interesting, movies to analyse and always do the analysis in such a interesting perspective. Keep up the good work!
‘Casablanca’ is renowned and is justly acknowledged as one of the most romantic films of all time but it is much more than the tale of a love triangle. Of course, it shows that the power of love can affect the human psyche, as demonstrated by Rick’s metamorphosis.
This film has so many levels to it that it takes many viewings to appreciate them. The main theme is not romance but self-sacrifice as the film’s message to the world at war is to give up the personal agenda for the common cause. It reminds wartime audiences, many of whom have loved ones fighting abroad, that their situation is the same as that of Rick, Ilsa and Victor.
The screenplay is so intelligently written. It is a masterpiece of complexity, containing subliminal political opinions and messages all carried along on a thrilling plot with brilliant one-liners and memorable quotes, comedic elements, together with contemporary, social commentaries. Basically, the film is politically motivated because it is a plea to America to join the war. Please note that the action takes place in pre-Pearl Harbour, December, 1941.
This is the the first non-musical movie to use music almost as an another protagonist, (which Tarantino does now). For example, ‘As Time Goes By’ is a valuable recurring theme and, in Paris, Rick and Ilsa dance to ‘Perfidia’ which means untrustworthiness. Also, ‘Love for Sale’ is played during the dialogue when the Bulgarian girl tells Rick about her ‘offer’ from Renault.
Michael Curtiz’s direction is multi-faceted: Documentary, Film Noir, German Expressionism, Flashback etc. He is the master of creating the plot via seamlessly connecting a series of rapid-fire vignettes.
There is subtle direction and cinematography. For example, Ilsa wears black and white clothes and is cast in shadows and in a mirror which symbolise the ambiguity of her role.
POINTS OF INTEREST AND NOTES FOR SUBSEQUENT VIEWINGS.
Rick’s initial selfishness, (I stick my neck out for nobody’), is a metaphor for USA indifference. It must be remembered that the events and politics are hard to comprehend and put into perspective for current audiences than for those living through WW2, not knowing who the victors would be.
The script can be considered as a 'State of the Union' address, both for home and foreign policies, in which there are references to Civil Rights, as embodied in Sam and, of course, the debate about America’s involvement in the conflict.
Each character represents a country e.g. Two Japanese plotting; the Italian on the tail of the German; American indifference; French collaborators; the British robbed by foreign policy. Even the Balkans are mentioned via the Bulgarian couple. Quite evidently, Rick’s actions symbolise the USA in its change in policy from isolationism to participation and ‘….the beginning of a beautiful friendship…’ is the USA and Europe joining forces to fight Nazism.
The significance of Letters of Transit is a metaphor for the might of America’s power and resources and must be delivered to the right side.
The ‘La Marseillaise’ scene is the pivotal moment in which both Ilsa and Rick realise that saving Victor is more important than their own personal relationship. It also comes in just as Rick and Victor are about to argue over Ilsa but both drop the issue when they hear the music. This scene is rousing now but imagine how it must have felt for audiences right in the middle of the war when Germany seemed invincible and modern viewers need to put it in perspective in terms of world events full of Nazi and Japanese domination and when the outcome looked very bleak.
The facial close-ups used throughout the film speak a thousand words: but particularly note Ilsa during ‘La Marseillaise’ when her expressions show her admiration of Victor’s power and her realisation that this must be preserved at all costs.
In any case... there is so much alcohol!!!!
POINTS TO WATCH
‘It’s December, 1941 in Casablanca: what time is it in New York?...
I bet they are asleep all over America’. PEARL HARBOUR
‘Even Nazis can’t kill that fast’
CONCENTRATION CAMPS
‘I don’t buy or sell human beings..’
CIVIL RIGHTS
The Bulgarian couple keep appearing as symbols of hope and determination.
In the bar room fight over Yvonne, Rick attacks the German only and not the Frenchman.
Captain Renault dumps the bottle of Vichy water to represent his rejection of the Nazi- collaborating French Government which was located in Vichy.
Just one example of the excellent and complex scriptwriting occurs immediately after the roulette scene. The girl thanks Rick for letting her husband win and Rick replies, ‘He’s just a lucky guy’, which, on the face of it, refers to the gambling, but, in Rick’s mind, means that the husband is ‘lucky’ because his partner truly loves him.
Also, parallels to Russia at present & its brutalization of Ukraine. History repeats.
Epic comment
@@user-xl3ip1kh8o Epic movie.
Played almost continually at a small cinema or two in Harvard Square, Cambridge in the 1960s-'70s, & there were the Club Casablanca & Blue Parrot Café.
It helped shape the higher ideals of a generation.
Casablanca is a superb movie to watch and rewatch. Every time viewers are going to find out something they previously missed. 👏 👏 👏
Crystal clear scenes from a great classic. Viewers may easily feel the need to freeze the video at 8:22, but then find it not so easy to resume play. Such beauty! KAN
I didn't even realize you made a new video and I was up watching through a good chunk again about twenty-four hours ago. I think it's finally time to subscribe.
What saddens me is the relative short life of Bogart. He died 13 years from cancer after this film. This script and cast are as rare as finding gold. You yearn to see Bogart in another Casablanca, but masterpieces are elusive. It's more than 80 years, but
there's never been another actor of with Bogart's ability to deliver lines with utter sincerity.
Finally...Always great to see a new upload from you my man. I can only imagine how long these videos take to make. Keep up the great work!
The title is literally The White House. Great video as always, keep them coming.
How have I never made that connection!?
It's also the moroccan city they're at
Salma Benaddi was that just a happy coincidence?
@@salmabenaddi It could be a coincidence but remember, The original play was set in Vienna Austria.
It means white house in spanish, casa blanca but not casablanca thou, i think it was because of the old spanish sailors saw a lot of white houses in the morroco coast and, thus the name
I love Casablanca as one of the greatest American films. One might suggest it is propagandistic but I, for one, find that it speaks of and represents America to me at its ideal best. I feel genuine pride in my country throughout this film. The story has the same complexity as Les Miserables: against the background of political upheaval, characters work out their personal lives --loves lost and found, political aspirations lost and won. Every dimension of the story is credible and integral to the story. The actors were perfectly cast and did perfect work. The film's lighting is extraordinary, an artistic work in its own right. Direction is always superb. The film is always worth another viewing to regain the sense of what America meant to immigrants and ourselves in those days of war. Many of the actors in this film were themselves recent refugees from Europe, and they put their whole heart into their roles. The America of that time will always be, for me, the America I see as most true to itself.
I wish we were still America.
@@warehousehhm3694 It is a philosophical axiom that things must continuously change. There can be no "fixed" moment of history Today we can only try to make America as good today, as honorable today as it was in that WWWII time. Today we deal with new issues, new causes, new responses.
(And to remember also that America in WWII was hardly perfect: Japanese Americans were rounded up into concentration camps; there was widespread racial segregation; homosexuals were expelled from the military, from civil employment, from housing, etc. Things we are better at now.)
This introduced me to your channel. Great analysis.
The Casablanca 4K restoration is visually incredible. Ingrid Bergman is luminous. Goes to the many levels the film operates at 👍
This is such an insightful analysis! I just found this channel, and I'm sad there aren't more videos. I hope all is well and you'll be able to upload again! ❤️
It's a terrific film no doubt but I never fully appreciated it until I found out all the historical context that you explain so well. Hopefully this excellent video will help others to get a full understanding too. Well done Charlie keep up the great work.
I stayed for some time in Jacksonville, Florida. I loved the Walmart there as it had a McDonald's. I loved the McDonald's as there was large statue of Humphrey Bogart in a bluish grey suite. I have never come across such a McD since then.
Thank you so much for this video! This is super helpful to me as I am writing a film analysis on Casablanca's views on foreign policy. This is a lifesaver!
I hope your 1943 movie will be The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp. It's one of my all time favorites
lol...I lasted 5 minutes and erased it. That British humor, I just don't get it....
Fullmetal Pain like that movie too
@@michaelkaminski8339 your missing out then
I just saw this movie for the first time tonight, and it has earned its place in my top 10 for sure!
Here's to looking at you, kid.
Loved the video, concise and informative. Beautiful summary of a great film. Sorry I'm late but I just subscribed as well
I love this film. Certainly deserving of its reputation as a Hollywood classic!
I LOVE Casablanca - the "greatest film"? Probably not. The film I would want to take to a desert island if I could only take one? Absolutely yes.
This analysis hits the nail pretty much right on the head (except that, of course, it ignores the absolutely critical personal stories interwoven with the 'propaganda' message). (And yes, it certainly lives up to its reputation as one of the greatest films ever made.)
Love this film. You did a fantastic job with the break down.
Once again Curtiz scored as a GREAT director....His English was not the best (and perhaps he had some things to answer for) but his guiding of Bogie, Bergman, Rains, Henreid, Lorre,Veidt, Greenstreet and a powerhouse of character actors Max Steiner again has a score for a film where there is not a " happy ending-GWTW was the other one... You hit the nail on the head at some point people have to take a stand against evil Successful propaganda goes for the heart and not beat you over the head
Need not say you have done a bang up job Charlie Keep up the good work!
Fantabuloud analysis
The movie was prescient as Patton's troops attacked North Africa through Casablanca during the movie's release.
Really
Great movie great acting! had the pleasure of meeting Bogies son Stephen Humphrey Bogart dead ringer for his dad! Here's looking like your dad kid! Be safe everybody! 🙂👍👏🙏
Please come back! I love this channel and it’s brilliant content 💚
Alright, I know I’m way late, but I think one of the most important parts of the film is that, unlike a lot of other propaganda films at the time, Rick’s isolationist (and thus opposing) view of the world isn’t *demonized*. The film respects the intelligence and valid concerns of the protagonist, and respectfully, but not condescendingly, disagrees with them. I’ve always appreciated that kind of respect the film had for its audience.
Love this video. Love this channel. Are you taking any suggestions for future videos?
There certainly are many messages that are put forward in "Casablanca". The movie is a classic, especially when one remembers the time in which it was produced and released. Whenever one sees a video of a Rock Concert or other performance, one should take a minute to reflect on any messages that are being conveyed by the performance. This is certainly a well produced discussion of the various messages in "Casablanca:".
It's simplicity is it's beauty, Ilsa, the kind sweet Europe.
_That awkward moment when you just done a video on Kane and Casablanca and all films made after are academically downhill from there_
i love your content charlie , keep it up
All right, so much Rick - now let's consider Ilsa's back story
It is unbelievable that this movie showed so much insight into what was happening in France in WW2. The film was made at the beginning of 1942, only months after WW2 started in Dec 1941. It seem to foretell what would happen in 1945. It shows more insight than many films made in the 1950s.
The ideas seem to come from Curtiz, who was an Austrian-Hungarian, who had lived in many parts of Europe, including Weimar Germany. The fact that Strasser is played by a German who hated the Nazi idea makes the propaganda element even stronger. Conrad Veidt who played Strasser died less than a year latter, in 1943.
No American could have come up with this film. They wouldn't even know where Casablanca was.
WW2 started in 1939. The US didn’t enter the war until December 8, 1941.
No wonder the Casablanca movie had such depth
The movie is based on a play written in 1940- by two *Americans* and the screen adaptation was written by several other *Americans*. Credit for much of its making is given to its producer Hal Wallis- also, you guessed it, an *American*. Curtiz was brought on later in the pre-production and had little to do with much of the decision-making. So you can fck *all* the way off back to, let's say Germany, with your bigotry.
The French translation of the signboard in French when the man is being chased n shot....."I keep my promises even those of others"
I watched the movie thinking it was made in 1947 for some reason, and I was shocked after when I saw it was released in 1942. They really didn't know how the war would end, the events weren't a thing that happened in the past, it was ongoing. And its message hits close to home while explaining it to my best friend in Ukraine, how things are repeating. It's disappointing how apathetic we Americans were and still are, but it gives me hope that it's not the first time. And knowing that once our hearts change, we can go from total apathy to being one of the most violent and powerful forces for good on Earth. And that's what the dictatorships don't understand, it's not our nationality or our military or anything else that makes us that way, it starts with the heart and with faith. America is not a nationality, or a geographical location, or anything else like that; it's an idea. Films like this and others like "Don't Be a Sucker" understood that, even though historically we've never fully comprehended that fully in practice.
Propaganda? The same way Les Miserables is propaganda. It is expressing ideals. Great ones, as it happens.
I consider it insulting to the movie to call it propaganda.
Yes indeed
@@canuckguynb8874 oh no, what a shame.
@@BabyBowDingBall Being facetious, are we? Having an anti-nazi slant is propaganda in your eyes?
brilliant work as always!
Great video as usual, Charlie!
everyone notices that Casablanca is full of clichés. What they don't realize is that they were not clichés when this movie was made. They became clichés because of this movie.
The ad for Ru Paul's Masterclass is one of the best things I've seen today
I stick my neck out for nobody...
Another great video
Casablanca is outstanding & one of the best movies! Thank you for this programme! 😅
Great video! Thank you so much
Try spelling your way through La Marseillaise's lyrics. You'll understand what a big slap in the face of the Germans that scene is.
Incidentally used to similar effect in Escape to Victory, the 1980s Stallone soccer film.
Excellent. Keep up the good work.
Another great video, what will happen next in 1943, I have a guess but I'm not gonna mention it here 🧐
Contrary to popular belief, Ronald Reagan was never in the running to play Rick. Putting his name in the press release was just a smoke screen.
That sounds more credible, Ronnie would not have been a believable Rick
Oh, it definitely lives up to being the greatest film ever made. It is uniquely great in that it can't be recreated: the time it was made, the context of its making, the people who starred in it, the choice (in today's technology) to be in black and white... all those things made it to what it is. Maybe we'll have some movie about the COVID pandemic and how three little people don't amount to a hill of beans, but the urgency - so far - isn't there.
RIP a great channel
How do I find the rest of this series ?
I’m late eighties and not iPad clever
Man im very excited for 1952...i do hope it’s singing in the rain
I've only just noticed that Sam isn't actually playing the piano!
Very Good Video ❤️
The chemistry is fantastic with all the actors. I always thought Victor Lazlo's underground contact was a spy how else did police learn about the underground meeting. I love Ingrid Bergman...I'm sure there is another waiting in the wings soon.
I'm moved just watching this video. What an amazing movie!
"Welcome to the fight. This time I know our side will win." That sums up all the metaphor for the audience. Subtly. Without fanfare. But direct. It's Europe's response to the United States. It's perfect.
Many of that pilots from Japan navy are Koreans with Japanese name who being forced to work for Japan ... that lead freedom for Korea as result history is hysterical
👍🏆👏! Glad I found you folks! Subscribed Immediately. Hope to Enjoy Many More of your Selections & Professional Critical Comments-and Observations! Odd though… Shame Many had Really Watched or Appreciated at an Earlier Introduction to A+ Movies from THEN! Thanks. 👴🏼NoBody.
Great interpretation of a classic. Always knew it was pro war but as a hidden propaganda movie never looked at it that way. It is in the top 10 of movies of all tine.
Thanks.
Please make a video analysis about any Joan Crawford's movie. It might be great
Definitely a masterpiece and an all-time great film.
Love how the movie was thrown together and came out perfect.
The greatest LOVE story of all time "Here's looking at you kid"
I don't know if Casablanca was a great film , but it certainly was a very good film and has stood the test of time . An interesting story , great scenes , sharp dialogue, terrific cast , excellent performances , and a love story in there as well and one that was interestingly complicated . Casablanca was without doubt great entertainment .
Just an interesting little bit of trivia ..... the original star selection to play Rick was Ronald Reagan , he turned it down . I cant imagine Ronnie in the role , I think the part definitely needed the slightly menacing quality that Bogie brought to it .
*I LOVE THIS MOVIE!!!!*
What's the movie at 13:43?
Film critics rightly give warm praise to almost all of the principal actors in Casablanca...but not one has mentioned Conrad Strasser's performance. I find his Strasser riveting every time he's on screen. Without the sly, cunning, reptilian villainy of Veidt's superb Strasser, it wouldn't work. Why am I the only one to notice?
My favorite film. I watch it often. 😊
Great video! However I think(Personally)that the first propaganda office of the United States was the CPI-Committee on Public Information-headed by George Creel in WWI.
Nevertheless fantastic video.
I would add, "... and whatever is second isn't even close".
Excellent analysis
Nice job. I like your style.
yes
Propaganda? Absolutely! Even more, though, a romantic love story.
Excellent Presentation
Among my c.200 original World War song copies, two 'mother songs' show evolving propaganda: pre-Pearl Harbor "I Didn't Raise My Son To Be a Soldier"; post-Pearl "America! Here's My Boy"
Ann Arbor, Michigan. Home of the University of Michigan. Bastion of both classical liberalism and progressivism.
And home of the Michigan Theater. An old time movie house with all the gilt extravagant interior. Every year on Labor Day. Casablanca is shown. Free admission.
I'm sorry but haven't you seen anything in the View Askewniverse? Mooby is a fictional fast food restaurant represented by a golden calf.
Keep up the good work ur content is one the only good and original content on RUclips
Any clues on what 1943 will be?
I dont know. Phantom of the Opera by Universal Studios?
Casablanca was never intended to be a classic. Many stars turned down the roles and Bergman said she was glad to finish filming so she could get on with her more important role in "For whom the bells toll" Like most films back then it was shown locally for at most two weeks until the next Warner's film came out. At that time Warners was the only studio that did social commentary in their films even though they were the usual detective, woman's movie, or make up biography. It works because it's funny, romantic, and moves along quickly with many odd characters. It was also a contest between Rick and Louis to see who was the better man which is why the ending is so special. Louise remains a "poor corrupt" official, and covers for Rick. Of course this is after he dumps the bottle of Vichy water which gives up mid drink.
That's "For Whom the Bell Tolls." It's a very famous novel by Ernest Hemingway.
Actually I believe that Bergman filmed Now Voyager aftrr Casablanca
Ya know, growing up we didn't see speaking out against fascism and autocracy as something to be considered as propaganda. But then we didn't equate the truth with lies then either like we do now.
*sigh* . . . they flew to LISBON, not America . . . although, from Portugal, they could board a plane to America (and many did).
The final destination is America
One of the best films ever.
As a film, Casablanca is unmatched. But as a WWII propaganda film, it's second behind Mrs. Miniver.