UPDATE: This video's title has been changed to better reflect its content. In the opinion of myself and others the previous title was inappropriately giving people the impression I was suggesting a 456 and its variations are somehow exclusive to anison and Japanese music in general (or that they're the only common progressions in those fields). Both of those arguments would be ridiculous notions to be sure. The actual content of this video never purports those claims so nothing in the video has been changed. This chord progression and its variations are however still relevant to fans of Japanese music and the music featured in anime because of the enormous frequency with which they've appeared in the last few decades. This conclusion was the result of a handful of years worth of transcription by myself and three other composers. For some anecdotal proof concerning their frequency please read the comments below. For something more quantitative please watch this video or search "The Royal Road Progression". Happy watching, folks!
I just saw this video now and honestly I loved all of it. And seeing this comment was typed down just an hour ago... I can definitely see you're recently getting activity from this video.
at 10:15 there is a mixing error between III-(ACE in the video instead of EGB) and VI-(EGB instead of ACE). Just to not confuse the newbies learning harmony.
As a Japanese musician, I have to say the fact:Half of what you call “anime songs” are not made for each anime (especially from middle of 1990s to early 2000s, most of them are not). They are made by Japanese musicians first, and then “tied-up” with anime by companies for promotion of the musician and song themselves. In other words, not only anime songs but also much of Japanese pop songs have that feature:Ⅳ-Ⅴ-Ⅵm chord progression and/or transformation of that. I also use that usually.
Yes! I've been presenting panel presentations on just this fact for many years. I'll be making a video about it soon. "The anime chord progression" is just a term I use light heartedly because my target demographic is anime fans. I do reference the word "anison" though, which is (as you know) a word Japanese anime fans use. But as you mentioned, it often obscures the song's true history.
@@ANIMYZE Okay, you don’t seem the one of shallow guys who call EVERY Japanese things like “Anime brah-brah-brah“ or “Hentai brah-brah-brah” (BTW “hentai” means “sexual pervert” originally. That’s so weird, so cringy). Well, if you’re gonna talk about “anime chord progression” more, how about to feature what we call “fractional augment” or “blackadder chord”? From early 2010s (or maybe a few years earlier), the chord got to frequently appears on anime themes (Ex:“SSSS.GRIDMAN”, “Kemono Friends”, “Idolm@ster Cinderella Girls” and more). One of example of that is A#aug/G#. It could make boring chord progressions better. Like this. ||:GMaj7(9) A6 |Bm7 F#m7 | |GMaj7(9) A6 |Bm7 F#/A# Am7 A#aug/G# :|| They’re very useful as passing chords.
that probably ties to when I run across a jpop song I've never heard before, wonder what anime it's from and then find it's never been an anime song XD I imagine there's also got to be an aspect where producers pick songs that "sound like anime songs", whether consciously or unconsciously
@@kuroageha1096 ok, wow, so i've heard of JAM project before (I think the only songs of theirs I really recognize are Little Wing and Hero), but I never knew JAM was an acronym, let alone standing for Japan Animationsong Makers. my mind is being blown here.
4 5 6- 1 is one of the mainstream progression in any pop musics The original is what i called "The Half Cannon progession" 1 5 6- 4 other frequently used in pop music 6- 1 5 4 Add 3, it will be the "Full Cannon Progression" 1 5 6- 3- 4 1 4 5 There is no harm in flipping the chords as long as it is connected with the root chord Today lots of J-pop groups are playing around with Jazz and Hiphop sauces which make the progression kinda jazzy
please highlight the chord number as it appears in the song example when you play it. this really helps show the chord changes and demonstrates your points. great video. thanks!
Easiest way (at least for me) to listen for the chord changes is to listen to the bass, since that's almost always going to be playing the root of the chord
Thanks so much for all of the love this video has gotten! It means the world to me. Just wanted to respond to some of your comments here: Because the target audience of this channel is anime fans, I am light-heartedly using the term "anime music" and "the anime chord progression". Objectively, these terms have a complicated existence and colloquially I myself wouldn't use them outside of a very specific bubble (which this video is clearly in). My next video or the one after that will be discussing the complicated nature of these terms. Until then, keep a few things in mind: 1) The majority of the music used in anime is by Japanese artists, usually outside of the anison-exclusive space. 2) These chord progressions, while commonly employed within anime (thus making them characteristic of anime and Japanese music in general), are frequently employed by musicians all over the world in various fields.
@@nopurposeposting1548 i was also thinkin the same For me 2:53 sounded like Ain't no way that i can leave you stranded 'Cause you ain't ever left me empty-handed .... (Song: stay)
@@nopurposeposting1548 flat 6, flat 7, 1 minor which as described at the 1 minute point of the video is extremely common in heavy metal (e.g. lots of Iron Maiden songs). Its 4,5,6 but thinking of it in a minor scale instead of major.
Dude thank you so much for the video it's amazing that you can explain the chord harmonic function in lest then 2 minutes, I been searching the anime chord progressions for quite a some time and I finally found your video so thank you and best of luck Oh btw for those of you who don't know what are "tonic" "subdominant" and " dominant" are The tonic function as the home, sense of rest or the beginning of the journey the subdominant are the bridge between the tonic and dominant The journey it's self The dominant Point back to home(ie tonic) or the end of the journey
i have been searching for so long about anime chord progressions because anime songs are so cool and melodic. Now i know. Thank you for the lesson. Very much appreciated. ❤
As a composer, i really love those chords because there are so many melodies that can fit into it and also i am a fan of that anime vibe. Sure i could've make tons of songs with only those chords. But i really try to refrain myself from using it too much or even try to at least make it less obvious to make my song sound less cliche while still keeping the anime vibes. It's like a challenge.
I play rock/metal music. It's pretty straight forward for me: Iron maiden->x japan->j rock->anime. 80-90s J-metal were greatly influenced by the western power metal/glam metal scene, which then influenced modern J-rock. You can find the 4-5-6 almost in every Iron Maiden song. I am not sure who started this, most likely some guitarists moving the same chord shape up and down the guitar neck and thought "wow it sounds good", accidentally created the subdominant-dominant-tonic cadence lol.
Huh, I didn't see that connection. To me the chord progression immediately makes me think of "I Want to Break Free" by Queen (who is also apparently popular in Japan).
It’s as overused as the I IV V in Blues and swing jazz. It’s not overused, as there are many textures and themes being communicated. There are also many creative options for composers to offer new takes on the progression.
If I remember correctly somebody mentioned that Jazz did inspire pretty much how the Japanese music progression. Since knowing this, I tried to listen to Jazz and I understand why I like many Japanese music, and now I even started listening Jazz as well. Basically broaden my horizon.
@@pentexsucks43 "It’s as overused as the I IV V in Blues and swing jazz" = it's not overused, just used a lot. It's the same kind of "framework" that still allows for creativity.
@@pentexsucks43 saying that the IV-V-vi chord progression “is as overused as I-IV-V” just means that both are commonly used and are on the same level. If one progression is “overused” then both of them are, and vice versa
Subbed instantly. I suck at music theory but this was really well explained and I could comfortably follow along. Personally I don’t mind cliche chords cause I mean, people kinda just gravitate to the kind of music that makes them comfortable. I grew up in egypt and our music has maqaam scales with microtonals, it has so much unexplored potential for cool harmonic stuff but sadly it may sound unfamiliar and uncomfortable to most.
Curious to know if you've ever listened to King Gizzard. They're an Australian band that has done three albums using microtonal guitars. If you have, I'd be interested to know your thoughts.
I'm near illiterate when it comes to music theory, but man thanks so much for this video. It put into words something I've observed about anime music for years, but didn't have the vocabulary to explain easily. Your explanation is so good at dissecting it and making it digestible.
Honestly, as someone who craves novelty, I want to say it's overused. But, given the examples you put, it's clear that this progression is being properly explored -- I had no idea it was even in some of those songs.
If you think in terms of chord progression originality, then everything becomes overused. Even the most beautiful Chopin ballade or the most complex Bach fugue start to feel mundane after you analyze it that way. In fact a lot of pop songs you hear today use the exact same chord progression that several Lizst pieces do. It's not so much about chord progression in itself but more about what you do with it
IV, V, vi is an incredibly popular progression everywhere (just look at any of the Disney musicals). What tends to really solidify something as very anime/j-pop in my ears is what I like to call the Japanese ii-V, in which after the IV V vi you would play the V7/IV and its related ii. For example in the key of C - Fmaj, Gmaj, Amin, Gmin C7, Fmaj. This combo is very popular in RnB also, but I always catch it in anime
Another variation I especially love is the IV V III vi - where III is actually the dominant V of vi - it creates an even more dramatic effect because we have the tritone in there pulling it towards the resolution, which is the minor vi. It's almost jarring to have two dominant chords one after another, but extremely satisfying when we get to the vi. The example I remember is Starlog by ChouCho. The chorus starts with B (IV), goes to C# (V), then A#7 (III) and resolves to D#m (vi). On top of it they play the chords for two bars each and (to add insult to the injury) they put a lot of emphasis on the D note (actually C double sharp in the A# chord), which doubles as a passing chromatic tone into the D#m (C# - D - D#). It's ingenious and it fascinated me for years - the tension buildup is just crazy - but it works perfectly. I wonder if it's easier to think of it as Gb instead, but then the chorus starts with Cb haha I think I picked a terrible example 🤣 Great vid! Thanks
I would say that it isn‘t overused because people still enjoy and listen to the openings with a lot of joy. Simplicity is what makes pop to pop and it‘s nice to have a good working formular. The chordprogression may be the same in a lot of songs but many other aspects like speed, instrumentalization, rhythm and so on gives you the chance to still make something unique about it 😊 it‘s a GREAT video!!! Keep on doing that great stuff 🙏
@@rizzakbeats ANIMYZE has a Soundcloud with some composition we did for Anime Conventions. There's a link on our banner here on RUclips. I'm also a presenter for Impact Soundworks so you can find compositions I do for them here on RUclips!
@@ANIMYZE "If it ain't broke don't fix it" That is a very Japanese way of thinking. G_d forbid thinking outside of the box when it comes to composition. It is overused to the point that all OPs and EDs feel the same regardless of variations in tempo, instrumentation, and rhythm.I would love to hear some extended chords. I would love to be surprised by an anisong.
As someone who has played guitar on and off for 20 years (only as a hobby, I don't consider myself a musician really), this was a very fascinating and eye opening video. It has given me some inspiration and a starting point for possibly writing my own songs. Very informative, and it just blows my mind sometimes that musical theory has such depth to it. Also you have a great speaking voice, will definitely be checking out more videos. Was a great watch
" IV V III- VI- " is generally THE chord prog I think of when I think of anime. I personally find the prog a little monotonous at this point, but there's no denying that it's iconic. " IV V VI- III- " is honestly a solid chord prog and can still sound fresh. " IV V VI- I/3rd " can be a tear-jerker. I/3rd in general is a great technique. It's amazing how changing the formula even slightly can make a world of difference.
I just found your channe. You don't know how Important this channel is, as a musician, anime lover and English learner this content is so useful ❤❤❤❤ Thanks a bunch
I've been using these variations for songs I've written for my band, great to see there's legitimate proof/evidence of what makes a song "anime"-like. Kudos!
As many commenters here have mentioned, C - D - Em is a standard 80s metal chord progression. Which is why "Hallowed Be Thy Name / Ninja Scroll" is still the best AMV of all time.
The charts at the end of this video were literally what I've been looking for for ages. I've always really wanted to compose music, and I've had a few bangers that I've made (purely through feeling) but what always flabbergasted me was chord progressions. No matter how much I tried to study it or look it up, the information never stuck. But that simple chart and explanation has helped me so much and made everything click into place. This was a great video, thank you so much!
This is a really nice explanation. From the title I would have picked "IV V iii vi" as the most anime-esque progression of all, but the way you analyze it as a variant of "IV V vi" feels right (since the latter is simpler because of only having 3 chords). I disagree with one point of analysis though. At 11:06, you analyze the "iii" in "IV V iii vi" as having tonic function, but I think it's virtually always dominant function (which makes the progression sound like it's sitting on the dominant for an extra measure before resolving). Consider the voice leading. On a chord progression "F G Em7 Am", a pretty natural way to voice the right hand on a keyboard is as "CFA DGB DGB EAC". The leading tone doesn't resolve until the final chord, and because it's in the top voice, it really stands out too.
It happens a lot on youtube where you can watch videos made to specifically explain theories all day and have it all go over your head but then you go get high and watch the anime chord progression video for quick plagiarism lifehacks and it all suddenly makes sense, really good video
I've always heard that chord progression as some kind of twist on the bVI, bVII, I progression, aka the "Super Mario cadence". It's a very common cadence in japanese music, and the anime progression makes you feel like it's going there, but then it hits you with the I- and that triumphant and resolved feeling of the original is replaced by a darker and ambiguous tone. The contrast that it creates makes it sound somewhat bittersweet and nostalgic, giving the same effect as the I, V, VI-, IV progression, which can also be seen as a variation of it, with the chords rearranged in a different order.
@@recursiv I know. I never said it's the same cadence. I said that it makes you feel like it's going to be that, but then it takes a dark twist with the minor chord.
Humming a melody is pretty much a chord progression, think of it as a set of notes. Although chords are just multiple bits stacked on top of each other to create a note. Stacking the notes allows you to create a minor or major feel, a note on its own is neutral but when you put multiple notes together, it creates a feeling. A chord progression is just multiple chords put together in a specific order to create a sound. The feeling (minor major) and order of the chords creates the feeling of the chord progression. Or in simpler terms, you know what the guitar plays at the beginning of smells like teen spirit by nirvana? That’s a chord progression. I’m not good at explaining things but I try.
That was really interesting! I'm a pianist, but maybe because I haven't touched the keys much over the past three years, I actually had trouble hearing some of the chord progressions in the examples, especially when the the bass line wasn't obvious. For future videos like this, maybe it would be a good idea to highlight the chord being played at each point in the examples? I felt you really made an effort to make this accessible to everyone, but doing this might make it easier for non-specialists (and people out of practice like me) to follow along. Just a suggestion. Thanks again for the video! 🙂
It's a pianist thing (or at least a classical training thing). We aren't really taught to play music in terms of chords, so it's not an automatic way to approach listening to it.
@@dominiccasts I guess it might be, but I know chords are covered in music theory classes, and when I can hear an accompaniment (e.g. a guitar backing up vocals), I do tend to listen out for the notes that sound the most prominent when chords are played. However, yeah, it's not natural for me to hear chords when notes are played individually in a melody line. I don't think of them that way.
@@dominiccasts Wait. So how are pianists typically taught in a classical way then? I just kinda played it knowing some Jazz theory first and learned in the form of chords first. Maybe that's why I've reached a point where I'm struggling to make the type of music that I want to make.
@@ivansoto9723 Notes first, and intervals. Chords exist and are taught, but almost always starting with basic major/minor triads and sticking to that for years, and even those are taught as a set of notes. Later on you get into diminished chords, and learn a bit more about diminished and augmented intervals, but not really things like what a sus chord is, or (at least in the performance side of it) how to think in terms of harmonic motion, rather than just "here's some sheet music, all the notes are there"
bVI - bVII - I for natural minor scale is widely used in rock/metal, especially if the key is in the 4th fret when in dropped tunings. For example: F# minor in Drop D where bVI - bVII - I is 0 - 2 - 4 in the lowest 6th string.
Im so glad charles showed us this video. It was sooo cool and there is so many really epic commentaries that brings us cool info, good to read all of this
As someone who always subconsciously ends up improvising in what others describe as "Japanese-like" (referencing j-pop, anime, and video game musical conventions and chord progs), this was a really interesting video!
These anime chord Progressions are really simple looking at it. However, with simple chord progressions, one can make good melodic backup with the vocals. So overused but explorative
i've noticed a lot of the musical techniques used in Japanese music have been brought over to the west and used in American emo/pop-punk/post-hardcore music as well its gotten to the point where ive started calling a lot of different emo bands "Japanese-influenced punk"
Thank you! I was happily surprised when you went into the functional harmony section at the end. Really helps to give context to why those chords are used 🙂
i always thought this was a 7 6 1... cus i saw this a ton in piano roll displays of touhou music, heck, this chord progression even influenced western composers. shoutouts to everyone's favorite, tsmb2/outbound media.
Amazing video!!!thank you for making these, I saw almost all the shows op and ending in the examples and listening and reconignsing all was great!! Thank you for this!!
You called it the "Anime Chord Progression", but it's actually just as prevalent in American Pop and 80s music, so much so that it was taught to me as the "Pop chord progression". American pop and Anime OP use the same chord progression, more proof that chords are simply a foundation for extended harmony, timbre, rhythm, and all the other things that make a song truly unique. Chords get way too much attention :/
to me its the "emo chord progression" because its not uncommon to find those three chords in post hardcore/emo music (they tend to be a variation but yk) this is technically something like metalcore but you can find it in Another Life by Motionless in White
@@DisturbedVette Yes! 100 percent. You're actually the first person to mention that here I think. I grew up (and still play) those genres. Very close to my heart.
4-5-6-5/4-5-3-6 for the verse, then going to 2-3-4-5 for the buildup, then to 4-1-5-6-5-4 for the chorus and let the 4 ring out to end the song on that panning shot of the sky with a flower petal gliding in the air (maybe make it a 9 chord for that dissonance). You can also add a bit of chromaticism going from 5-6 for that extra anime-ness
I actually like switching the 6 and 3 to make IV V vii iii way better. Appreciate the video. I'm someone who HAS to know why and how a chord sounds the way it does since I've only learned Music theory a year ago. thumbs up 👍🏼
I dont kow an inch about music theory but after getting into guitar, I came to this idea and finally thought I wasnt crazy that most anime ops and eds sound similar. Really an eye opener for a beginner like me, great video!
Absolutely perfect video until the last ten seconds. Didn't need the "does this progression actually SUCK?" engagement-bait at the end, hahah. The video was already good enough to comment on! Thanks so much for posting. This is seriously one of the best theory videos I've ever come across. Explaining why the chords in each chord family are so closely related and how these chord progressions all evolved and share the same functions was fantastic. Subscribed, thanks again!
Thank you so much for this fantastic video! This is the best music theoretical explanation about the IV V VI- chord progression I ever heared! Great job 😀
I hope you become successful. Seeing how you respond to critiques and adjusted is something to be desired. Great video but also you seem like a great person who is open to feedback and listening. Thank you
To call a chord progression to be overused is a BOLD statement. Imagine being Beethoven and that someone tells you “oh, V-IV-I is sooooo overused”. Bach might as well be rolling in his grave. Can’t imagine. But seriously, this was a nice breakdown. Very interesting, even tho is simple, there is always complexity in this sort of topic. Is not about which chord progression we use in our music, much as it is how we use it.
As someone who’s been studying Japanese music for around three years, I’ll give my take on this video. You outline most of the fundamental progressions which most of Japanese pop music is built upon, but this does not represent contemporary Japanese music as a whole in regard to how this progression is used. Truly, the most important chord of all in this genre of music is the IV chord. As one would come to find out, Japanese composers love to imply ambiguity in where the key center is in their harmony. This is most notable with Ryuichi sakamato in some of his pieces like “blu” and “opus”. Out of all chords, IV Is the most flexible when it comes to achieving this effect, it allows for the composer to suggest motion and lift, but also room to fluctuate to different keys. Take the piece, “I am setsuna - Winter breeze” for example. This song is composed entirely of IV-VI, IV-III, IV-V. The main difference is how they are used. The composer starts every modulation on the IV chord to progress further down the circle of fourths. One could call what they are using as a IV/IV/IV device (which is also quite common in the realm of contemp. Japanese compositions) which is useful for creating a greater and “darker” lift in the backing harmony. I’d love to see you go deeper into more ways in which Japanese composers use harmony. You should definitely check out blackadder chords, they are very exciting!
I really wanna get better at my electric guitar so I can comprehend this better and understand all these functions. Although Yusef, you are a great teacher for being able to make me understand the general idea of this even though I'm just an advanced beginner. I really want to start not just being able to play my favourite songs but also be able to add my own twists to them and make my own music. That path, however, seems really far as someone who can't afford a teacher. Having a teacher really makes a huge difference to just trynna find everything on youtube with little to know guidance.
Hey. Keep doing what your doing right now. Keep listening to these complex conversations about music theory. Right now it won't make complete since, but over time you WILL have a better understanding of whats being discussed. The joy of music theory is that it contextualizes what's happening in a song, but it doesn't tell you how to write one. It's main use IMO is to inspire new ideas with a sense of direction/purpose. You can still make music without knowing any of it; it'll just be a litte more difficult to explain.
Fantastic video, really helps contextualise these progressions and well presented. As you mentioned you can get creative with these by changing the chord quality. Common one I heard is IV V VIsus4 VI; where the vi was originally minor, it becomes major, typically at the end of chorus sections. This is a good tool for modulation - you could now consider that VI to be a I in a different major key, or even make that VI into a VI7, then consider that to be a V7 to launch into a completely different major/minor key.
Bruhh. Finally someone had to make a video on it! As a musician, I always thought that this was a thing after listening to a lot of anime OP's and ED's but I never put it into words or even thought of giving it a name. Its bizarre to see how common this chord progression is in a lot of anime music though.
7:37 fun fact. This version of the song ADAMAS by LiSA for SAO: Alicization was used only once for the first episode. Therefore it was changed to the version we all know.
Really great and concise video, deserves a lot more views and subs! It's a bit more editing work, but something that can be really useful for viewers whose ears aren't quite tuned to harmonic changes is to highlight each chord as it's being heard when playing the examples 🙂 Keep up the good work!
UPDATE: This video's title has been changed to better reflect its content. In the opinion of myself and others the previous title was inappropriately giving people the impression I was suggesting a 456 and its variations are somehow exclusive to anison and Japanese music in general (or that they're the only common progressions in those fields). Both of those arguments would be ridiculous notions to be sure. The actual content of this video never purports those claims so nothing in the video has been changed. This chord progression and its variations are however still relevant to fans of Japanese music and the music featured in anime because of the enormous frequency with which they've appeared in the last few decades. This conclusion was the result of a handful of years worth of transcription by myself and three other composers. For some anecdotal proof concerning their frequency please read the comments below. For something more quantitative please watch this video or search "The Royal Road Progression". Happy watching, folks!
I just saw this video now and honestly I loved all of it. And seeing this comment was typed down just an hour ago... I can definitely see you're recently getting activity from this video.
Good thing you did. Charles Cornell just referenced and linked your video. Hi from Charles's audience.
Beautiful video❤
at 10:15 there is a mixing error between III-(ACE in the video instead of EGB) and VI-(EGB instead of ACE). Just to not confuse the newbies learning harmony.
There is a mistake in the video at 10:12 you swapped the tones for the 3rd and 6th chords.
Rick Astley's Never Gonna Give You Up uses the IV-V-iii-vi progression and so does his other hit song Together Forever.
Never Gonna Give You Up, jpop anime opening confirmed
Thanks bro you don't know for how long I've been searching for this lol
And it shares it with Bakamitai from Yakuza.
Yeah I was about to say when he first played the chord progression it sounded a lot like the beginning of never gonna give you up
IV-V-iii-vi
IV-V-iii-I
Complete chord progression
As a Japanese musician, I have to say the fact:Half of what you call “anime songs” are not made for each anime (especially from middle of 1990s to early 2000s, most of them are not). They are made by Japanese musicians first, and then “tied-up” with anime by companies for promotion of the musician and song themselves.
In other words, not only anime songs but also much of Japanese pop songs have that feature:Ⅳ-Ⅴ-Ⅵm chord progression and/or transformation of that.
I also use that usually.
Yes! I've been presenting panel presentations on just this fact for many years. I'll be making a video about it soon. "The anime chord progression" is just a term I use light heartedly because my target demographic is anime fans. I do reference the word "anison" though, which is (as you know) a word Japanese anime fans use. But as you mentioned, it often obscures the song's true history.
@@ANIMYZE Okay, you don’t seem the one of shallow guys who call EVERY Japanese things like “Anime brah-brah-brah“ or “Hentai brah-brah-brah” (BTW “hentai” means “sexual pervert” originally. That’s so weird, so cringy).
Well, if you’re gonna talk about “anime chord progression” more, how about to feature what we call “fractional augment” or “blackadder chord”?
From early 2010s (or maybe a few years earlier), the chord got to frequently appears on anime themes (Ex:“SSSS.GRIDMAN”, “Kemono Friends”, “Idolm@ster Cinderella Girls” and more).
One of example of that is A#aug/G#.
It could make boring chord progressions better.
Like this.
||:GMaj7(9) A6 |Bm7 F#m7 |
|GMaj7(9) A6 |Bm7 F#/A# Am7 A#aug/G# :||
They’re very useful as passing chords.
that probably ties to when I run across a jpop song I've never heard before, wonder what anime it's from and then find it's never been an anime song XD I imagine there's also got to be an aspect where producers pick songs that "sound like anime songs", whether consciously or unconsciously
@@theonlymegumegu If you’re curious, research why “JAM Project” were raised and know what was going between anime productions and record productions.
@@kuroageha1096 ok, wow, so i've heard of JAM project before (I think the only songs of theirs I really recognize are Little Wing and Hero), but I never knew JAM was an acronym, let alone standing for Japan Animationsong Makers. my mind is being blown here.
4 5 6- 1 is one of the mainstream progression in any pop musics
The original is what i called "The Half Cannon progession"
1 5 6- 4
other frequently used in pop music
6- 1 5 4
Add 3, it will be the "Full Cannon Progression"
1 5 6- 3- 4 1 4 5
There is no harm in flipping the chords as long as it is connected with the root chord
Today lots of J-pop groups are playing around with Jazz and Hiphop sauces which make the progression kinda jazzy
please highlight the chord number as it appears in the song example when you play it. this really helps show the chord changes and demonstrates your points. great video. thanks!
It makes me realize that my hearing is not as sharp as it was back in the academy...
No chance I’m able to hear where the cords appear in the music without him highlighting.
facts, some are a ton easier to hear than others
How can i practice hearing the chords in the song examples?
Easiest way (at least for me) to listen for the chord changes is to listen to the bass, since that's almost always going to be playing the root of the chord
Thanks so much for all of the love this video has gotten! It means the world to me. Just wanted to respond to some of your comments here: Because the target audience of this channel is anime fans, I am light-heartedly using the term "anime music" and "the anime chord progression". Objectively, these terms have a complicated existence and colloquially I myself wouldn't use them outside of a very specific bubble (which this video is clearly in). My next video or the one after that will be discussing the complicated nature of these terms. Until then, keep a few things in mind: 1) The majority of the music used in anime is by Japanese artists, usually outside of the anison-exclusive space. 2) These chord progressions, while commonly employed within anime (thus making them characteristic of anime and Japanese music in general), are frequently employed by musicians all over the world in various fields.
is this chord progression only unique to anime or is it actually common everywhere else?
@@nopurposeposting1548 i was also thinkin the same
For me 2:53 sounded like
Ain't no way that i can leave you stranded
'Cause you ain't ever left me empty-handed ....
(Song: stay)
@@nopurposeposting1548 flat 6, flat 7, 1 minor which as described at the 1 minute point of the video is extremely common in heavy metal (e.g. lots of Iron Maiden songs). Its 4,5,6 but thinking of it in a minor scale instead of major.
Dude thank you so much for the video it's amazing that you can explain the chord harmonic function in lest then 2 minutes, I been searching the anime chord progressions for quite a some time and I finally found your video so thank you and best of luck
Oh btw for those of you who don't know what are "tonic" "subdominant" and " dominant" are
The tonic function as the home, sense of rest or the beginning of the journey
the subdominant are the bridge between the tonic and dominant
The journey it's self
The dominant Point back to home(ie tonic) or the end of the journey
Isn't it a bit sensational to call this the "anime chord progression"? I feel like every song since Pachebel's canon has used a variation of it
i have been searching for so long about anime chord progressions because anime songs are so cool and melodic. Now i know. Thank you for the lesson. Very much appreciated. ❤
This is such a cool video I never thought music theory behind anime openings could be so interesting but this is fascinating
As a composer, i really love those chords because there are so many melodies that can fit into it and also i am a fan of that anime vibe. Sure i could've make tons of songs with only those chords. But i really try to refrain myself from using it too much or even try to at least make it less obvious to make my song sound less cliche while still keeping the anime vibes. It's like a challenge.
Charles Cornell sent me here, thank you.
I play rock/metal music. It's pretty straight forward for me: Iron maiden->x japan->j rock->anime.
80-90s J-metal were greatly influenced by the western power metal/glam metal scene, which then influenced modern J-rock. You can find the 4-5-6 almost in every Iron Maiden song.
I am not sure who started this, most likely some guitarists moving the same chord shape up and down the guitar neck and thought "wow it sounds good", accidentally created the subdominant-dominant-tonic cadence lol.
Huh, I didn't see that connection. To me the chord progression immediately makes me think of "I Want to Break Free" by Queen (who is also apparently popular in Japan).
facts
It’s as overused as the I IV V in Blues and swing jazz. It’s not overused, as there are many textures and themes being communicated. There are also many creative options for composers to offer new takes on the progression.
Only educated response to the question.
If I remember correctly somebody mentioned that Jazz did inspire pretty much how the Japanese music progression. Since knowing this, I tried to listen to Jazz and I understand why I like many Japanese music, and now I even started listening Jazz as well. Basically broaden my horizon.
"its as overused as"
"its not overused"
?????????
@@pentexsucks43 "It’s as overused as the I IV V in Blues and swing jazz" = it's not overused, just used a lot. It's the same kind of "framework" that still allows for creativity.
@@pentexsucks43 saying that the IV-V-vi chord progression “is as overused as I-IV-V” just means that both are commonly used and are on the same level. If one progression is “overused” then both of them are, and vice versa
Subbed instantly. I suck at music theory but this was really well explained and I could comfortably follow along. Personally I don’t mind cliche chords cause I mean, people kinda just gravitate to the kind of music that makes them comfortable. I grew up in egypt and our music has maqaam scales with microtonals, it has so much unexplored potential for cool harmonic stuff but sadly it may sound unfamiliar and uncomfortable to most.
The maqaams are beautiful. I play in a group that plays a lot Iranian and Arabic music and our oud and tar player will often play them.
hey its discord ping guy
Curious to know if you've ever listened to King Gizzard. They're an Australian band that has done three albums using microtonal guitars. If you have, I'd be interested to know your thoughts.
Harry Warren and Mack Gordon were also anime song writers. Chet baker popularized their best anime song in there will never be another you.
well that was fuckin excellent. Great video!
hello eurobeat legend twank u for remixes(●'◡'●)
Turbo
I'm near illiterate when it comes to music theory, but man thanks so much for this video.
It put into words something I've observed about anime music for years, but didn't have the vocabulary to explain easily.
Your explanation is so good at dissecting it and making it digestible.
Honestly, as someone who craves novelty, I want to say it's overused. But, given the examples you put, it's clear that this progression is being properly explored -- I had no idea it was even in some of those songs.
If you think in terms of chord progression originality, then everything becomes overused. Even the most beautiful Chopin ballade or the most complex Bach fugue start to feel mundane after you analyze it that way. In fact a lot of pop songs you hear today use the exact same chord progression that several Lizst pieces do. It's not so much about chord progression in itself but more about what you do with it
IV, V, vi is an incredibly popular progression everywhere (just look at any of the Disney musicals). What tends to really solidify something as very anime/j-pop in my ears is what I like to call the Japanese ii-V, in which after the IV V vi you would play the V7/IV and its related ii. For example in the key of C - Fmaj, Gmaj, Amin, Gmin C7, Fmaj. This combo is very popular in RnB also, but I always catch it in anime
Absolutely!
I've been using this for years now but I have never seen a video on that topic. Great job at summarising it!
Another variation I especially love is the IV V III vi - where III is actually the dominant V of vi - it creates an even more dramatic effect because we have the tritone in there pulling it towards the resolution, which is the minor vi. It's almost jarring to have two dominant chords one after another, but extremely satisfying when we get to the vi.
The example I remember is Starlog by ChouCho. The chorus starts with B (IV), goes to C# (V), then A#7 (III) and resolves to D#m (vi). On top of it they play the chords for two bars each and (to add insult to the injury) they put a lot of emphasis on the D note (actually C double sharp in the A# chord), which doubles as a passing chromatic tone into the D#m (C# - D - D#). It's ingenious and it fascinated me for years - the tension buildup is just crazy - but it works perfectly.
I wonder if it's easier to think of it as Gb instead, but then the chorus starts with Cb haha
I think I picked a terrible example 🤣
Great vid! Thanks
I would say that it isn‘t overused because people still enjoy and listen to the openings with a lot of joy. Simplicity is what makes pop to pop and it‘s nice to have a good working formular. The chordprogression may be the same in a lot of songs but many other aspects like speed, instrumentalization, rhythm and so on gives you the chance to still make something unique about it 😊 it‘s a GREAT video!!! Keep on doing that great stuff 🙏
I agree with you, Rizzak! If it ain’t broke don’t fix it. I personally write with this progression all the time. Thanks for the kind words!
@@ANIMYZE do you have some songs online where i could check out your stuff?
@@rizzakbeats ANIMYZE has a Soundcloud with some composition we did for Anime Conventions. There's a link on our banner here on RUclips. I'm also a presenter for Impact Soundworks so you can find compositions I do for them here on RUclips!
@@ANIMYZE "If it ain't broke don't fix it"
That is a very Japanese way of thinking. G_d forbid thinking outside of the box when it comes to composition. It is overused to the point that all OPs and EDs feel the same regardless of variations in tempo, instrumentation, and rhythm.I would love to hear some extended chords. I would love to be surprised by an anisong.
@@Inspadave So you think Mili, Sawano Hiroyuki, RADWIMPS, MYTH&ROID, Ryan Greaves and Yuiko Ohara all 'feel the same'?
As someone who has played guitar on and off for 20 years (only as a hobby, I don't consider myself a musician really), this was a very fascinating and eye opening video. It has given me some inspiration and a starting point for possibly writing my own songs. Very informative, and it just blows my mind sometimes that musical theory has such depth to it.
Also you have a great speaking voice, will definitely be checking out more videos. Was a great watch
The part at 10:23 where you explain chord families blew my mind. Great video
Thanks! Yeah, it's a super helpful way of thinking about harmony and how you can reharm.
Ah yes the "every single iron maiden song" chord progression
" IV V III- VI- " is generally THE chord prog I think of when I think of anime. I personally find the prog a little monotonous at this point, but there's no denying that it's iconic.
" IV V VI- III- " is honestly a solid chord prog and can still sound fresh.
" IV V VI- I/3rd " can be a tear-jerker. I/3rd in general is a great technique.
It's amazing how changing the formula even slightly can make a world of difference.
I miight be a year late but what exactly is a I/3rd? I'm trying to get into music theory but I still don't have all the terminology lol
@@FoxatrotI 1st inversion
ohh thanks@@HikariKrome
This chord progression is also very very heavily used in video game music. For example, the SMB level clear jingle is based on this chord progression.
I just found your channe.
You don't know how Important this channel is, as a musician, anime lover and English learner this content is so useful ❤❤❤❤
Thanks a bunch
I've been using these variations for songs I've written for my band, great to see there's legitimate proof/evidence of what makes a song "anime"-like. Kudos!
It's not just anime opening. That was the best music theory lesson I've ever heard.
As many commenters here have mentioned, C - D - Em is a standard 80s metal chord progression. Which is why "Hallowed Be Thy Name / Ninja Scroll" is still the best AMV of all time.
The charts at the end of this video were literally what I've been looking for for ages. I've always really wanted to compose music, and I've had a few bangers that I've made (purely through feeling) but what always flabbergasted me was chord progressions. No matter how much I tried to study it or look it up, the information never stuck. But that simple chart and explanation has helped me so much and made everything click into place. This was a great video, thank you so much!
This is a really nice explanation. From the title I would have picked "IV V iii vi" as the most anime-esque progression of all, but the way you analyze it as a variant of "IV V vi" feels right (since the latter is simpler because of only having 3 chords).
I disagree with one point of analysis though. At 11:06, you analyze the "iii" in "IV V iii vi" as having tonic function, but I think it's virtually always dominant function (which makes the progression sound like it's sitting on the dominant for an extra measure before resolving). Consider the voice leading. On a chord progression "F G Em7 Am", a pretty natural way to voice the right hand on a keyboard is as "CFA DGB DGB EAC". The leading tone doesn't resolve until the final chord, and because it's in the top voice, it really stands out too.
I think
IV - iii and iii - IV
those chord changes are super popular in japanese music but no so much everywhere else
It happens a lot on youtube where you can watch videos made to specifically explain theories all day and have it all go over your head but then you go get high and watch the anime chord progression video for quick plagiarism lifehacks and it all suddenly makes sense, really good video
I was like wow this is really well made then I saw your subs. That an actual felony. keep up the good stuff
I've always heard that chord progression as some kind of twist on the bVI, bVII, I progression, aka the "Super Mario cadence".
It's a very common cadence in japanese music, and the anime progression makes you feel like it's going there, but then it hits you with the I- and that triumphant and resolved feeling of the original is replaced by a darker and ambiguous tone.
The contrast that it creates makes it sound somewhat bittersweet and nostalgic, giving the same effect as the I, V, VI-, IV progression, which can also be seen as a variation of it, with the chords rearranged in a different order.
The third chord is major in the "Mario Cadence". That's a different sound.
@@recursiv I know. I never said it's the same cadence. I said that it makes you feel like it's going to be that, but then it takes a dark twist with the minor chord.
Incredible content. I`m learning harmony and the I-IV-V in my guitar classes and this video was perfect!
Thank you so much for this awesome video!
Awesome! What's a chord progression?
Edit: Oh my God, am I the most liked comment on this video?
Same lol
Easy! Just chords that sound good together when played.
It’s a set of chords played one after another
Why the hell are you here roflol
Humming a melody is pretty much a chord progression, think of it as a set of notes. Although chords are just multiple bits stacked on top of each other to create a note. Stacking the notes allows you to create a minor or major feel, a note on its own is neutral but when you put multiple notes together, it creates a feeling. A chord progression is just multiple chords put together in a specific order to create a sound. The feeling (minor major) and order of the chords creates the feeling of the chord progression. Or in simpler terms, you know what the guitar plays at the beginning of smells like teen spirit by nirvana? That’s a chord progression. I’m not good at explaining things but I try.
These chord progressions are a staple in my songwriting and it's very obviously because I was such a weeb in middle school
You made me understand functional harmony in a video that i watched with no intention to learn about functional harmony, now thats dope
That was really interesting! I'm a pianist, but maybe because I haven't touched the keys much over the past three years, I actually had trouble hearing some of the chord progressions in the examples, especially when the the bass line wasn't obvious. For future videos like this, maybe it would be a good idea to highlight the chord being played at each point in the examples? I felt you really made an effort to make this accessible to everyone, but doing this might make it easier for non-specialists (and people out of practice like me) to follow along. Just a suggestion. Thanks again for the video! 🙂
It's a pianist thing (or at least a classical training thing). We aren't really taught to play music in terms of chords, so it's not an automatic way to approach listening to it.
@@dominiccasts I guess it might be, but I know chords are covered in music theory classes, and when I can hear an accompaniment (e.g. a guitar backing up vocals), I do tend to listen out for the notes that sound the most prominent when chords are played. However, yeah, it's not natural for me to hear chords when notes are played individually in a melody line. I don't think of them that way.
@@dominiccasts Wait. So how are pianists typically taught in a classical way then? I just kinda played it knowing some Jazz theory first and learned in the form of chords first. Maybe that's why I've reached a point where I'm struggling to make the type of music that I want to make.
@@ivansoto9723 Notes first, and intervals. Chords exist and are taught, but almost always starting with basic major/minor triads and sticking to that for years, and even those are taught as a set of notes. Later on you get into diminished chords, and learn a bit more about diminished and augmented intervals, but not really things like what a sus chord is, or (at least in the performance side of it) how to think in terms of harmonic motion, rather than just "here's some sheet music, all the notes are there"
6:31 Lol I heard the chord progression and immidiately knew that he will use this song as an example
bVI - bVII - I for natural minor scale is widely used in rock/metal, especially if the key is in the 4th fret when in dropped tunings.
For example: F# minor in Drop D where bVI - bVII - I is 0 - 2 - 4 in the lowest 6th string.
Im so glad charles showed us this video. It was sooo cool and there is so many really epic commentaries that brings us cool info, good to read all of this
Possibly the most concise and useful batch of theory i’ve ever been given
IV-V-I is so comon in classical music that it actually has a name: an Italian cadence
Oh! I've never seen that terminology used before. Thanks so much. Do you know any sources that use it?
Charles Cornell sent me here, and I'm glad he did.
Holy shit from 2:38 to 3:04 are my fav songs haha. Now i know why.
As someone who always subconsciously ends up improvising in what others describe as "Japanese-like" (referencing j-pop, anime, and video game musical conventions and chord progs), this was a really interesting video!
I don’t why but making the more sad/emotional with a hint of uplifting are my favorite types of chords.
When goofing around on my keyboard I tend to play a vi IV V I or a vi III IV V, which fits the cycle you mentioned!
These anime chord Progressions are really simple looking at it. However, with simple chord progressions, one can make good melodic backup with the vocals. So overused but explorative
The editing tho 🤩 *chef's kiss*
You had my instant appreciation the second I heard ClariS in the video introduction xD
the iv-v-vi chord was also used in some coldplay songs
the mix between joy and melancholy that gives is unbeatable
I really like this bro keep people educated in music.
Beautiful Explanation!!! Already shared it with my composer/otaku friend
All those years of music theory, searching for the secret of music... And anime contained the truth all along.
i've noticed a lot of the musical techniques used in Japanese music have been brought over to the west and used in American emo/pop-punk/post-hardcore music as well
its gotten to the point where ive started calling a lot of different emo bands "Japanese-influenced punk"
Now I can't unhear it! Even in the Spy x Family outro, the first thing you hear is a variation of the anime cord progression.
Cool video and I feel like I'm a step closer to understanding how chord progressions work.
Thank you! I was happily surprised when you went into the functional harmony section at the end. Really helps to give context to why those chords are used 🙂
i always thought this was a 7 6 1... cus i saw this a ton in piano roll displays of touhou music, heck, this chord progression even influenced western composers. shoutouts to everyone's favorite, tsmb2/outbound media.
Amazing video!!!thank you for making these, I saw almost all the shows op and ending in the examples and listening and reconignsing all was great!! Thank you for this!!
Thank you Yusef that was a great music theory lesson in any genre!
I think this deep dive/breakdown/explanation truly IS the reason why music in general evolved to use a “universal law of harmony” in my words.
You called it the "Anime Chord Progression", but it's actually just as prevalent in American Pop and 80s music, so much so that it was taught to me as the "Pop chord progression". American pop and Anime OP use the same chord progression, more proof that chords are simply a foundation for extended harmony, timbre, rhythm, and all the other things that make a song truly unique. Chords get way too much attention :/
Completely agree!
to me its the "emo chord progression" because its not uncommon to find those three chords in post hardcore/emo music
(they tend to be a variation but yk)
this is technically something like metalcore but you can find it in Another Life by Motionless in White
@@DisturbedVette Yes! 100 percent. You're actually the first person to mention that here I think. I grew up (and still play) those genres. Very close to my heart.
8:29 Well I’m sure he agrees
It’s super common in rock and metal too. I first learned it in Iron Maiden songs, so I tend to think of it as “the Maiden progression”
Very good explanation with fitting audio and visual, great video!
4-5-6-5/4-5-3-6 for the verse, then going to 2-3-4-5 for the buildup, then to 4-1-5-6-5-4 for the chorus and let the 4 ring out to end the song on that panning shot of the sky with a flower petal gliding in the air (maybe make it a 9 chord for that dissonance). You can also add a bit of chromaticism going from 5-6 for that extra anime-ness
Thank you so much for this! So much music potential has been unlocked!
I actually like switching the 6 and 3 to make IV V vii iii way better. Appreciate the video. I'm someone who HAS to know why and how a chord sounds the way it does since I've only learned Music theory a year ago. thumbs up 👍🏼
I dont kow an inch about music theory but after getting into guitar, I came to this idea and finally thought I wasnt crazy that most anime ops and eds sound similar. Really an eye opener for a beginner like me, great video!
the psycho pass op "abnormalize" just reminded me of how much I enjoyed watching the anime, the visuals in the OP were pretty fire too
Absolutely perfect video until the last ten seconds. Didn't need the "does this progression actually SUCK?" engagement-bait at the end, hahah. The video was already good enough to comment on!
Thanks so much for posting. This is seriously one of the best theory videos I've ever come across. Explaining why the chords in each chord family are so closely related and how these chord progressions all evolved and share the same functions was fantastic. Subscribed, thanks again!
Two of my favourite topics. Anime + music theory. Awesome
I feel like I wanted to hear about Eastern vs Western pop rock in this video the longer it ran on.
This is the best chord progression video i've ever watched
Thank you so much for this fantastic video! This is the best music theoretical explanation about the IV V VI- chord progression I ever heared! Great job 😀
That was very helpful for my GCSE comp. Pls make more videos like this
A bit unrelated to the video (which was lovely by the way) but I LOVE your voice, so pleasant to listen to
The way you changed the songs reminds me of when i played music games.
I hope you become successful. Seeing how you respond to critiques and adjusted is something to be desired. Great video but also you seem like a great person who is open to feedback and listening. Thank you
That's super kind. Thanks!
When RUclips finds out you are interested in music theory and anime:
To call a chord progression to be overused is a BOLD statement. Imagine being Beethoven and that someone tells you “oh, V-IV-I is sooooo overused”. Bach might as well be rolling in his grave. Can’t imagine.
But seriously, this was a nice breakdown. Very interesting, even tho is simple, there is always complexity in this sort of topic. Is not about which chord progression we use in our music, much as it is how we use it.
I noticed that the chords you played to show us the progresions are the chords of the chorus of "Peace Sign" (Boku No hero Academia OP 2)
As someone who’s been studying Japanese music for around three years, I’ll give my take on this video.
You outline most of the fundamental progressions which most of Japanese pop music is built upon, but this does not represent contemporary Japanese music as a whole in regard to how this progression is used. Truly, the most important chord of all in this genre of music is the IV chord.
As one would come to find out, Japanese composers love to imply ambiguity in where the key center is in their harmony. This is most notable with Ryuichi sakamato in some of his pieces like “blu” and “opus”. Out of all chords, IV Is the most flexible when it comes to achieving this effect, it allows for the composer to suggest motion and lift, but also room to fluctuate to different keys.
Take the piece, “I am setsuna - Winter breeze” for example. This song is composed entirely of IV-VI, IV-III, IV-V. The main difference is how they are used. The composer starts every modulation on the IV chord to progress further down the circle of fourths. One could call what they are using as a IV/IV/IV device (which is also quite common in the realm of contemp. Japanese compositions) which is useful for creating a greater and “darker” lift in the backing harmony.
I’d love to see you go deeper into more ways in which Japanese composers use harmony. You should definitely check out blackadder chords, they are very exciting!
7:10 I'm hearing Kid Laroi's Stay
I'm so glad I studied my theory this makes so much sense
As a beginniner, 8:30 onwards was very helpful. Great video dude. Keep on keepin' on
I really wanna get better at my electric guitar so I can comprehend this better and understand all these functions. Although Yusef, you are a great teacher for being able to make me understand the general idea of this even though I'm just an advanced beginner. I really want to start not just being able to play my favourite songs but also be able to add my own twists to them and make my own music. That path, however, seems really far as someone who can't afford a teacher. Having a teacher really makes a huge difference to just trynna find everything on youtube with little to know guidance.
Hey. Keep doing what your doing right now. Keep listening to these complex conversations about music theory. Right now it won't make complete since, but over time you WILL have a better understanding of whats being discussed.
The joy of music theory is that it contextualizes what's happening in a song, but it doesn't tell you how to write one. It's main use IMO is to inspire new ideas with a sense of direction/purpose. You can still make music without knowing any of it; it'll just be a litte more difficult to explain.
I found this from digging through the cowboy bebop real folk blues collab. this seems right up my alley
Fantastic video, really helps contextualise these progressions and well presented. As you mentioned you can get creative with these by changing the chord quality. Common one I heard is IV V VIsus4 VI; where the vi was originally minor, it becomes major, typically at the end of chorus sections.
This is a good tool for modulation - you could now consider that VI to be a I in a different major key, or even make that VI into a VI7, then consider that to be a V7 to launch into a completely different major/minor key.
Yeah! Tried to include the VI Minor becoming Major originally but I cut it for time. Glad you mentioned it.
@@ANIMYZE You covered a lot in a digestible form so good call. Perhaps a follow up video?
@@alexjevincent New one on the way!
I think I just had a breakthrough in actually "getting" the circle of fifths, thanks!
Bruhh. Finally someone had to make a video on it! As a musician, I always thought that this was a thing after listening to a lot of anime OP's and ED's but I never put it into words or even thought of giving it a name. Its bizarre to see how common this chord progression is in a lot of anime music though.
7:37 fun fact.
This version of the song ADAMAS by LiSA for SAO: Alicization was used only once for the first episode. Therefore it was changed to the version we all know.
I'm just here because of the wonderful song choices really... But i'm amazed at the things I learned. nice.
Really great and concise video, deserves a lot more views and subs!
It's a bit more editing work, but something that can be really useful for viewers whose ears aren't quite tuned to harmonic changes is to highlight each chord as it's being heard when playing the examples 🙂
Keep up the good work!
JUST listening the Japanese Gift to the World. With every snipets you showcase to make your point ☝🏻
Yeah I also call that "anime chord progression". Glad I wasn't the only one who notice this. Glad I found this video.