Argos hated Sparta and was the only group that could match them in a land battle. They also weren't keen on the Delian league. Its fair to say everyone treated Argos like 'we will carry on and leave you well alone'
If you read the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides you will understand that almost nothing has changed when it comes to wars, diplomacy, bilateral relations, coalitions etc. Especially the diplomatic letters reveal dialogues, arguments, accusations etc between city-states that you often listen to in the modern era between rival countries.
Humanity haven't changed at all indeed. Money, wealth and power, is what always will fuel conflicts between people of different countries, beliefs, religions, even neighbours. A prime example of that is the capitalistic system we're living in. It has it's wars inside between corporations and also outside towards other economic and social systems. It's a neverending circle
As an Athenian, I feel honored that you covered this essential part of my countrys history. Civil wars really weakened Greece in old and modern timeline. Great work, you are excellent at presentations.
No that's really Stalin bro.We hang out in Cambodia all the time.Trying to get a little bit of privacy, you know? All the great dictat...err I mean World leaders come to my resort
11:30 Philip II after conquering Greece: "What a magnificent day for my kingdom. This has undoubtedly been the greatest of all my warlike feats!" Alexander the Great: "Absolutely, father. History will never know another King whose reign ended with such a memorable conquest." Philip II: "YEAH...What?"
Yeah that's what I thought. It was in Hellenistic times when Greek culture had reached the furthest, influencing all of the territories that had existed under Alexander's rule.
Finally, a good, concise history of the Peloponnesian War that uses maps and simple animations to great effect instead of generic, distracting artwork as filler. I finally have a good basic grasp of the conflict that will help me understand the much more detailed book I'm about to read. Thank you for understanding that visual aids, when done right, can greatly enhance the viewer's understanding of complex subjects.
As a historian i can add, Syracuse was colonized by Corinth, They had very close ties with their motherpolis. After Peloponnesos war there were many unemployed mercenary hoplits and bands. Around 10.000 of them march to overthrow Persian king and replace Cyrus the young. Yet they failed to do so. After that, they march back from the Persia to Hellas. Fun fact is, Alexander the great was impressed by this event became an inspiration to conquer Persia.
I am honestly surprised why Hollywood hasn’t used the story of those 10000 men and their advance (and retreat) from Persia for a movie. It’s an unbelievable story
Some generations later, the Athenian general and notoriously difficult histori ographer Thucydides (second half of the fifth century BC) went a little further still by trying to make sense of the different Greek dialects and to characterize their interrelationships. He reported, for instance, on a case of dialect mixture on Sicily (Historiae 6.5.1). The inhabitants of the city of Himera spoke, Thucydides claimed, a variety that occupied a middle ground between Chalcidian lonic and Doric, an assertion for which there is, by the way, no historical evidence (Vassallo 2005: 89). The Athenian historian also mentioned that the Greek spoken by the Aetolians was not understood by other Greeks (Historiae 3.94.5), thus apparently proving that not all varieties of Greek were mutually intelligible.
When Alexander ordered Cleitus the black to be arrested he reportedly shouted the orders in a Macedonian dialect so the other Greeks wouldn't understand.
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During the time of the Peloponnesian War the Greek Heart was beating in Greece Proper and Magna Grecia. After Alexander the Greek center moved to Asia Minor and Anatolia and it remained there until 1453. Greece Proper was considered an abandonded, desolate wild west during the medieval Basileia of Rhomaion.
Sparta actually lost it to Thebes First, who you have to feel sorry for. They finally have their moment to shine over Athens and Sparta and Noone can match them - then Alexander the great immediately marches down, burns the city and crucifies its residents.
@@jonrivers7779 They shined actually…Pelopidas and Epaminodas were the two generals who’s names are still not forgotten. Don’t forget that Philip II was raised in Thebes and learned their war tactics .From the Theban phalanx the Macedonian phalanx emerged and developed.
We can call it a "World war" since it dragged into conflict the entire Greek World with several city-states participating. But it paved the way for the Hellenistic Kingdom of Macedonia to become the Hegemon of Greeks after the Athenian, Spartan and Theban Hegemony something which lead to the Persian campaign and the expansion of the Greek World to Asia.
I have recently been reading Thucydides’ classic work “History of the Peloponnesian War.” I can understand why this has been a classic for so long and helps illuminate the historical events that took place and is also useful when it comes to political philosophy and political theory. I am new to this work though and there was one passage that really stuck out to me. It is from the fourth book, chapter 50: “The next winter, Aristides, the son of Archippus, one of the commanders of a fleet which the Athenians had sent out to gather tribute from their confederates, apprehended Artaphernes, a Persian, in the town of Eion upon the river Strymon, going from the king to Lacedaemon. When he was brought to Athens, the Athenians translated his letters out of the Assyrian language into Greek and read them; wherein, amongst many other things that were written to the Lacedaemonians, the principal was this: that he knew not what they meant, for many ambassadors came, but they spake not the same thing; if therefore they had anything to say certain, they should send somebody to him with this Persian. The Athenians afterwards sent back Artaphernes in a galley to Ephesus, and ambassadors with him, who heard there of the death of King Artaxerxes, son of Xerxes, which took place about that time, and so returned home.” - Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.50 This passage sounds very fascinating, but I do not fully understand since I am not fully aware or knowledgable about the exact historical content and historical context behind it. I was therefore wondering what is the significance of this passage from Thucydides? Thanks.
Hi, very interesting question and chapter from Thucydides. I am not precisely and scholar about ancient Greece, but what Thucydides try to explain here is how very dinamic and volatile was the political background in the know world of that time (the Greek Cities in war, the change of ruler in the Achaemenid Empire who have internal conflict between the royal family's members). Both leagues want, in some way, the support of their old enemy tho have the balance of power in their favour. So they send ambassador and diplomats to the next persian ruler to obtain is favour (mostly resources and gold) for their side, while at the same time try to convince him not support the other one. In few words: International politics from the Ancient Age. I hope this help you.
Its a shame the ancient Greeks always ripped themselves apart fighting each other instead of uniting and conquering the world, like Alexander and then the Romans would after him. I imagine if ancient Greeks managed their own long lasted empire (like the romans) they could have brought civilization and philosophy centuries earlier than in our timeline.
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How was ancient Greece the loser? Philip's conquest resulted in Alexander taking Asia and the Greeks colonizing all of the near East, while Greek kingdoms emerged as far as Bactria and India. The fact that Macedon conquered the other Greek states is the primary reason the Roman empire turned Greek in the medieval age, and Greece still existing today
You started off with a decent generalized accounting of the struggle but screwed up in the last part. But it just wasn't Athenian expansion that led to Sparta feeling the need to go to war; it was the manner in which Athens expanded, at the expense of Megara and Aegina, both Spartan allies. Too, the Athenian leader, Pericles, insisted to the Athenians that war was inevitable, and this is what we call a self-fulfilling prophecy.
It's because they (Macedonia) were considered barbaros (barbarians) and non kinsman (foreigners) to the Greeks. Even after the Peloponnesian wars and at the time of the Greco Persian wars, Herodotus (the so called father of ancient history) spoke of Thessaly being "the first Greek land to fall under Persian rule." Do remember that the kingdom of Macedonia was allied to the Persians at the time.
@@Manchevo Macedonians were never called Barbarians 🤣 only Demosthenes called Philip barbarian but this was a direct insult ( Demosthenes had also labelled barbarian an Athenian statesman ). But let’s see what Demosthenes thought about the Macedonian ethnicity. Demosthenes : "No one of the GREEK kings went to Egypt except Alexander alone [...] So Alexander was the first of the GREEKS to take Egypt, and so became the first both of Greeks and of barbarians " ( Callisthenes Alexanders Romance book 2 Chapter 4). How can Philip be barbarian but his son being Greek? 😂 Herodotus two times call the Macedonians as having Doric Greek origin and blood (1.56-8.43), he also called countless of times the Macedonian kings as Greek “Now that the men of this family are GREEKS , sprung from Perdiccas” 8.43 Perdiccas was the first Macedonian king (or the third if we start from Caranus) , in case you didn’t know. Thucydides never called Macedonians barbarians this is out of your imagination again, he instead separated them from the barbarians “ The Macedonians and the barbarian crowd took fight..” Thucydides 4.125 🤣why he separated the Macedonians from barbarians if Macedonians were barbarians ( according to you )…Anyways there is not a single piece of evidence Neither by Herodotus nor Thucydides claim/naming the Macedonians as barbarians this is your lies (I have read both Herodotus and Thucydides but you probably haven’t)….wake wake it’s time for school🤣
It depends what you mean by Greek Golden Age. If you are refering to the Classical City States in Southern Greece, then I guess their Golden Age ended when Macedon dominated them. But if you're refering to Greece as a whole, its Golden Age probably ended when Rome started conquering the Hellenic Successor Empires one by one.
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Dunno if I'm wrong but I'm pretty sure that there were warriors that did not fight under any of the two banners of Greece and that provided a threat for both of the nations.
Can we get some more content on the Horn of Africa Maybe the Adal Ethiopian war Or maybe the portugese Ajuraan war Somali traders have been around since before the Romans and greeks
I met a Somali-Jap guy in Cambodia. He was friendly until I challenged his satanic religion when I asked him if I could prove it wrong, to which he lied yes, only to leave without letting me finish, and then later come back to say he wasn't convinced....
Well there are two Peloponnesian wars and athens came out on top 2nd/final war, thats why until today athens is the capital of greece and not sparta. Sparta was a mere zoo when the romans came and athenians became dignitaries and court members of the romans until the romans became greek themselves when the empire divided into two.
The ending doesn't seem explained very well. In the end, Macedon conquered all of Greece and "the real loser in it all was ancient Greece." Why? Macedon was just another Greek state. How did that spell the end of Greece?
Macedon was not "just another Greek state" though. They were hellenistic but not true Hellenes. The culture of Macedon was heavily influenced by Greece but it was a culture separate and distinct from the Greeks to the south, besides the languages being non-intelligible.
@@JonBrownSherman Nothing showcases that the Macedonians weren't true hellenes since both their language and culture were hellenic not hellenistic. It was the end of Greece as we know it because a kingdom took charge of Greece.
Were ancient Macedonians considered Greek? The ancient Macedonians were a distinct nation, separate from their neighbors, the ancient Greeks, Illyrians, and Thracians. The ancient Greek and Roman historians tell us that the Macedonians spoke a separate Macedonian language and had their own customs, culture, and traditions.
@@racine09 So if I understand, Athens and Sparta were different like Canada and America were different (not very), whereas Macedon was more like Mexico?
Were ancient Macedonians considered Greek? The ancient Macedonians were a distinct nation, separate from their neighbors, the ancient Greeks, Illyrians, and Thracians. The ancient Greek and Roman historians tell us that the Macedonians spoke a separate Macedonian language and had their own customs, culture, and traditions.are to most Americans . But it would seem so as a rough analogue .Phillip and Alexander are pretty much Greek names . I am trying to understand this myself . There are a few theories .
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Although the presenation of the evemts of the Peloponnessian War was excellent the conclusive statement was poorly worded. The conquest of the other Greek states by Phillip and Alexander brought about the Hellenistic age in which the Hellenic culture was spread around the world. Due to the conquests of Alexander, Hellenism had a global cultural hegemony during the times of the dominance of Rome and even during a great portion of the medieval age due to the Greek speaking and heavily Hellenized eastern Roman empire. As such ancient Greece, as a culture but also as a state, certainly did not die at the end of the Pelloponisian war. Unless if one defines "ancient Greece" as the the epoch of the "Greek city states".
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The plague arrived in Athens on grain shipments. Sparta and the other Greek city states were ironically spared this because the Athenian navy had formed a blockade preventing trade via sea.
I guess you could say the Peloponnesian War was kinda like the cold war but instead two powerful countries influencing a countries and sometimes battling those countries on two sides (usually North communist South democracy sort of) it's just two cities battling to control the surrounding cities but not directly just influenced oh and less nukes but there was one philosopher at the time that had a theory that everything was made of atoms and he was mostly correct future scientist later debunked some of the stuff he thoughts but whatever
@@oriffel yes there was some fighting but Sparta wanted to fight Athens on an open field and Athens wanted to Spartans to waste their resources and Sparta was going on fighting on land and Athens was good fighting in the sea the only reason why war ended was because of Persia that probably would have been a great opportunity to conquer them since they were too busy fighting each other but nope they got reverse card sort of Alexander's complicated damn you Macedonian and Greek massive historical debative is Alexander Greek or Macedonian
Again, the Kingdom of Macedon was Greek. So Greece wasn't the loser as a whole as you claim, but the winner, cause the Macedonian empire went on to get enormous.
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False. The Greeks would be butchered and conquered by the Macedonians. No less than 7 Greek uprisings against the Macedonians would take place. The mighty Spartan army would make a last stand along at the Battle of Megolopolis.
Mycenean & later rulers of Greece Italy descended from Vedic/Arya Mittani-Hatti-Hari of 2k BCs, there's no possibility they can descend from whites whom they labelled subhum@n. There was no IE civiliation in that part of the world other than M-H-H. It's impossible Charioteer GR can come from any land of subhum@ns. All European, Mediterranean, central Asian, steppe nations are founded by race of Bharath (Vedic/Arya). Kings, warriors of Europe are definitely R1a1aY/R1a1Y {Vedic warrior caste (Shatriyas)}, this marker didn't exist in steppe to Europe before 1k BCs. They've descended from CimmeArya, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Roxolani, TochaArya, Kushan, Wushun, Xiangno, Khotan Aryas who conquered great steppe then Europe, China in the 1k BCs from India-Iran region when Vedics from India already conquered upto Anatolia (Mittani-Hatti-Hari) in 2k BCs. Greco-Roman descended from M-H-H Aryas, only Aryas can bring IE language, chariot, Mitra, the thunder/sky God, astronomy, astrology, funerary cremation in Greece & Italy. Aryas in west have turned blonde/white breeding with white women (Celts R1bY, Veneds R1aY) like brown Jews turned blonde. Imagine Europe's Monarchies started coming 1300 years later than the Saka monarchy of 700 BC., literature after 7th c CE. Greece Italy Monarchies started 1000 years later than M-H-H. Proven conquest of west by Aryas.👇 "👉In 2k BCs Mittani-Hatti-Hari conquered upto Anatolia. 👉In 800 BCs CimmeArya, Saka conquered Balkan, Ukraine, Russia. 👉In 500 BCs Parsha conquered Greece, Balkan. 👉In 400 BCs Sauromata, Alani conquered beyond Ukraine all the way to British Irish Isles, remember RgVedic Goddess Danu. 👉 In 400 CEs one Alani branch conquered Spain raiding Greece, Italy. 👉In 400 CEs Hun conquered half of Europe descending from Tocha-Arya, Kushan." Lords of Turk, Mongol trb@ls descended from Tocha-Arya, Kushan, Wushun Aryas. R1a1aY/R1a1Y can easily be found among Turk, Mongol, Chinese, Tibetan, SE Asian, Jews. Literally all later conquerors of central Asia, steppe descended from Aryas. Nation's kings don't share common race with commoners. Arya, Ezyptian, Mesopotamian are only martial races. ++++++ Whites (CeltR1bY, Vened or old SlavicR1aY) are neither IE/Aryas nor warrior race, no evidence of their native language, their home is Yamnaya & Sintashta. Let alone riding chariot they didnt even ride horse. Roman labelled them subhum@n. IBN Fadlan described yellow haired are f!lthiest of God's creation. Till 10th c CE r@ping, hum@n s@crifice used to be their custom. Stark contrast in civilization of people in a continent confirms different origin. Whites aren't martial race but they @nnihilate anyone weaker than them, they've @nnihilated native Europeans. Roman, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Hun Aryas could do the same with whites but didn't. In last 1k years Aryas of west assimilating with whites commited gen0cides of American, African, Asian, Australian. Hiroshima nuking, WW1/2. British rulers who are Vedic R1a1aY/R1a1Y l00ted $45 trillion alone from India & feeding whites leaving 10 mill. Indians starved to death. Vedic civilization is destroyed by her own long lost children. ++++++ Since 800 BCs Whites (Celts, Veneds) are subjects of Aryas (CimmeArya, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Roxolani). Next conquered by Roman descending from Mittani-Hatti-Hari Aryas. Next conquered by Hun descending from Tocha-Arya, Kushan Aryas of Tarim basin. Next conquered by moors of north Africa for 700 years, moor leaders are Iranian Aryas. Next conquered by Turk, Mongol, l0rds of Turk, Mongol tribals are Tocha-Arya, Kushan, Wushun.
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Athens at its peak was oppressive and militaristic as well. They genocided the entire population of melos island, essentially saying "we do it because we can, and there is nothing you can do to stop us".
@@cristobalsapiain2709 Yeah, during the peloponesian war they went all like "we gonna give you democracy so hard", but in this particular instance they were openly more cruel and imperialistic even compared to the US.
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At the time, it was the system of City-States, and not of Nation-States as in our time. I think your contemporary vision is partly influenced by the latter.
What a terrible narrator. He speaks too slowly, over-enunciates to a ridiculous point, and ALWAYS mispronounces everything! How can you not even say "Corinth" right!?
Dorians were pelazgian and doric language was not greek. The only question is: did Greece occupied and annexed Southern Albania and slavic Macedonians in 1913??? Another question is have you ever read the original Iliad of Homer? In what language is written?? Have you ever seen the difference of : old greek and new greek languages????
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On March 12, 1996 the Mayor of Athens and the Mayor of Sparta signed a symbolic peace trety 2500 years after the end of the Peloponnesian war.
nooooooi! I want war Coz this is sparta!!
Them libtards who live outside the walls, wantin peace with them commie spartans! What's next, a king of our own?
This is a joke
Spartans never surrender
@RestlessDestroyer *pit of death intensifies*
Aren't Yous all Fruit
The map of the Peloponnesian League always makes me laugh
Argos just sitting there like "Maybe if we don't move neither of them will see us."
Stealth: 100
Anatolian History
Hittities
Lydians
Trojans 1200 Bc 🇮🇹🇹🇷
Etruscans 800 700 Bc 🇹🇷
And Greeks From Balkanic origin 🇬🇷
My Teacher Say This
Anatolian History
Hittities
Lydians
Trojans 1200 Bc 🇮🇹🇹🇷
Etruscans 800 700 Bc 🇹🇷
And Greeks From Balkanic origin 🇬🇷
My Teacher Say This
I imagine one random city-state wondering around, finding argos and saying "damn, i totally forgot about these guys here"
Argos hated Sparta and was the only group that could match them in a land battle. They also weren't keen on the Delian league. Its fair to say everyone treated Argos like 'we will carry on and leave you well alone'
If you read the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides you will understand that almost nothing has changed when it comes to wars, diplomacy, bilateral relations, coalitions etc. Especially the diplomatic letters reveal dialogues, arguments, accusations etc between city-states that you often listen to in the modern era between rival countries.
Realist scholars always say that the nature of international relations can never be changed. it always revolves around national interest
Yes the more I know about history the more I see we haven't changed at all
Humanity haven't changed at all indeed. Money, wealth and power, is what always will fuel conflicts between people of different countries, beliefs, religions, even neighbours. A prime example of that is the capitalistic system we're living in. It has it's wars inside between corporations and also outside towards other economic and social systems. It's a neverending circle
As an Athenian, I feel honored that you covered this essential part of my countrys history.
Civil wars really weakened Greece in old and modern timeline.
Great work, you are excellent at presentations.
No that's really Stalin bro.We hang out in Cambodia all the time.Trying to get a little bit of privacy, you know? All the great dictat...err I mean World leaders come to my resort
Finally more context about the Peloponnesian war, I was curious about it when I played AC Odyessy.
I would recommend History with Cy if you wish a even more in deep look to it
As a person from Greece that was studying recently in history class about the Peloponnesian war i am thankful for you making this :)
Yeah, ancient Greece is incredibly interesting.
Anatolian History
Hittities
Lydians
Trojans 1200 Bc 🇮🇹🇹🇷
Etruscans 800 700 Bc 🇹🇷
And Greeks From Balkanic origin 🇬🇷
My Teacher Say This
sto telos afinei iponooumena oti o philipos den eitan ellhnas?
@@ariftarqunia You'r teacher is bad teacher..
@@Mustang1984 Bro sparta its not greece ancient..!Read, Thycudities:The peloponesian war...For correct info, bcs this its wrong...
11:30
Philip II after conquering Greece: "What a magnificent day for my kingdom. This has undoubtedly been the greatest of all my warlike feats!"
Alexander the Great: "Absolutely, father. History will never know another King whose reign ended with such a memorable conquest."
Philip II: "YEAH...What?"
Pausanius: "allow me to introduce myself "
The Golden Age of Greece wasn't over. In fact, it was only the beginning - the Hellenistic Period was about to start
Yeah that's what I thought. It was in Hellenistic times when Greek culture had reached the furthest, influencing all of the territories that had existed under Alexander's rule.
@@msicvbes4977 I think he meant the golden age of the greek city states
@@ainzsama5101 Yeah that makes sense too
The golden age started after the greek Persian war then the peloponnesian war started.
@@msicvbes4977 Alexander was Macedonian 🇲🇰 not Greek.
this war deserves a series
I agree. This conflict have a lot of interesting people from ancient greek.
Finally, a good, concise history of the Peloponnesian War that uses maps and simple animations to great effect instead of generic, distracting artwork as filler. I finally have a good basic grasp of the conflict that will help me understand the much more detailed book I'm about to read. Thank you for understanding that visual aids, when done right, can greatly enhance the viewer's understanding of complex subjects.
As a historian i can add, Syracuse was colonized by Corinth, They had very close ties with their motherpolis.
After Peloponnesos war there were many unemployed mercenary hoplits and bands. Around 10.000 of them march to overthrow Persian king and replace Cyrus the young. Yet they failed to do so. After that, they march back from the Persia to Hellas.
Fun fact is, Alexander the great was impressed by this event became an inspiration to conquer Persia.
I am honestly surprised why Hollywood hasn’t used the story of those 10000 men and their advance (and retreat) from Persia for a movie. It’s an unbelievable story
“Anabasis” of Xenophon
@@karl-dimitriosherler5405 Agreed
Some generations later, the Athenian general and notoriously difficult histori ographer Thucydides (second half of the fifth century BC) went a little further still by trying to make sense of the different Greek dialects and to characterize their interrelationships. He reported, for instance, on a case of dialect mixture on Sicily (Historiae 6.5.1). The inhabitants of the city of Himera spoke, Thucydides claimed, a variety that occupied a middle ground between Chalcidian lonic and Doric, an assertion for which there is, by the way, no historical evidence (Vassallo 2005: 89). The Athenian historian also mentioned that the Greek spoken by the Aetolians was not understood by other Greeks (Historiae 3.94.5), thus apparently proving that not all varieties of Greek were mutually intelligible.
That's why koine greek was invented 😉
@@wankawanka3053
👀
👄
When Alexander ordered Cleitus the black to be arrested he reportedly shouted the orders in a Macedonian dialect so the other Greeks wouldn't understand.
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@@cristaronaldosuwy6059 Be gone bot.
You upload this while I’m doing my second play through of assassins creed odyssey nice
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@@cristaronaldosuwy6059 why did you type a copypasta to me😂😂😂
During the time of the Peloponnesian War the Greek Heart was beating in Greece Proper and Magna Grecia. After Alexander the Greek center moved to Asia Minor and Anatolia and it remained there until 1453. Greece Proper was considered an abandonded, desolate wild west during the medieval Basileia of Rhomaion.
I like how the Power shifted in ancient Greece from Athens to Sparta and Sparta to Makedonia. The 3 most powerful Greek empires
Sparta actually lost it to Thebes First, who you have to feel sorry for. They finally have their moment to shine over Athens and Sparta and Noone can match them - then Alexander the great immediately marches down, burns the city and crucifies its residents.
@@jonrivers7779 They shined actually…Pelopidas and Epaminodas were the two generals who’s names are still not forgotten. Don’t forget that Philip II was raised in Thebes and learned their war tactics .From the Theban phalanx the Macedonian phalanx emerged and developed.
😂
@@mental.airing Why you mad my Bulgarian friend 🥺? 🇬🇷❤️🇧🇬
3greek empire's lol
your videos are so pleasant to watch, the aesthetic, everything is so elegant, love your videos
We can call it a "World war" since it dragged into conflict the entire Greek World with several city-states participating.
But it paved the way for the Hellenistic Kingdom of Macedonia to become the Hegemon of Greeks after the Athenian, Spartan and Theban Hegemony something which lead to the Persian campaign and the expansion of the Greek World to Asia.
Great job!
I have recently been reading Thucydides’ classic work “History of the Peloponnesian War.” I can understand why this has been a classic for so long and helps illuminate the historical events that took place and is also useful when it comes to political philosophy and political theory. I am new to this work though and there was one passage that really stuck out to me. It is from the fourth book, chapter 50:
“The next winter, Aristides, the son of Archippus, one of the commanders of a fleet which the Athenians had sent out to gather tribute from their confederates, apprehended Artaphernes, a Persian, in the town of Eion upon the river Strymon, going from the king to Lacedaemon. When he was brought to Athens, the Athenians translated his letters out of the Assyrian language into Greek and read them; wherein, amongst many other things that were written to the Lacedaemonians, the principal was this: that he knew not what they meant, for many ambassadors came, but they spake not the same thing; if therefore they had anything to say certain, they should send somebody to him with this Persian. The Athenians afterwards sent back Artaphernes in a galley to Ephesus, and ambassadors with him, who heard there of the death of King Artaxerxes, son of Xerxes, which took place about that time, and so returned home.” - Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.50
This passage sounds very fascinating, but I do not fully understand since I am not fully aware or knowledgable about the exact historical content and historical context behind it. I was therefore wondering what is the significance of this passage from Thucydides? Thanks.
Hi, very interesting question and chapter from Thucydides. I am not precisely and scholar about ancient Greece, but what Thucydides try to explain here is how very dinamic and volatile was the political background in the know world of that time (the Greek Cities in war, the change of ruler in the Achaemenid Empire who have internal conflict between the royal family's members).
Both leagues want, in some way, the support of their old enemy tho have the balance of power in their favour. So they send ambassador and diplomats to the next persian ruler to obtain is favour (mostly resources and gold) for their side, while at the same time try to convince him not support the other one.
In few words: International politics from the Ancient Age.
I hope this help you.
Its a shame the ancient Greeks always ripped themselves apart fighting each other instead of uniting and conquering the world, like Alexander and then the Romans would after him.
I imagine if ancient Greeks managed their own long lasted empire (like the romans) they could have brought civilization and philosophy centuries earlier than in our timeline.
Unfortunately we haven't changed much
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Philosophy and civilization existed before the Greeks. India, China, Korea, Sri Lanka, Egypt and persia
@@cristaronaldosuwy6059 bruh💀
Well macedonia did unite greece under force of course but still
It is a boring Sunday, you dread Monday coming. Suddenly Knowledgia, Sandroman History and Kings & Generals upload videos and the day is saved!
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@@cristaronaldosuwy6059
wat?
Great Video!
It’s very interesting how the map shows exactly where Greece was and where it belongs today.
3:12 Is that... the RuneScape strength skillcape icon? 👀
Can't believe he forgot about kasandra
Malaka
And the dudes with masks
Back with a banger
How was ancient Greece the loser? Philip's conquest resulted in Alexander taking Asia and the Greeks colonizing all of the near East, while Greek kingdoms emerged as far as Bactria and India. The fact that Macedon conquered the other Greek states is the primary reason the Roman empire turned Greek in the medieval age, and Greece still existing today
Alexander was Not a greek but a Macedonian
It didn't turn Greek but I get your point
Also they lost because the golden age of the Greek city states came to an end and the Hellenistic age began
@@chideraalexanderdex547 Hellenistic age literally means the Greek age. How can Greece lose when their age begins
@@HENSIONAVDUli average south slav with no identity
@@constantinoskyriacou3630 i am from Italy lol 😂. And i just Said the truth
Spartans, the Gigachads of the ancient world. Thanks for the video.
Seeing city states fighting each other is like watching ants fight 🗿
🤔 fantastic depiction the conflict and battlefields...
Great respect 🕊️
You started off with a decent generalized accounting of the struggle but screwed up in the last part. But it just wasn't Athenian expansion that led to Sparta feeling the need to go to war; it was the manner in which Athens expanded, at the expense of Megara and Aegina, both Spartan allies. Too, the Athenian leader, Pericles, insisted to the Athenians that war was inevitable, and this is what we call a self-fulfilling prophecy.
During Peloponnesian War:
*All Of Greece Fights*
Macedonia: popcorn 🍿
They actually were involved too. They were first allies with Athens than with Sparta and lastly again with Athens 😅.
It's because they (Macedonia) were considered barbaros (barbarians) and non kinsman (foreigners) to the Greeks.
Even after the Peloponnesian wars and at the time of the Greco Persian wars, Herodotus (the so called father of ancient history) spoke of Thessaly being "the first Greek land to fall under Persian rule." Do remember that the kingdom of Macedonia was allied to the Persians at the time.
@@Manchevo Macedonians were never called Barbarians 🤣 only Demosthenes called Philip barbarian but this was a direct insult ( Demosthenes had also labelled barbarian an Athenian statesman ). But let’s see what Demosthenes thought about the Macedonian ethnicity. Demosthenes : "No one of the GREEK kings went to Egypt except Alexander alone [...] So Alexander was the first of the GREEKS to take Egypt, and so became the first both of Greeks and of barbarians " ( Callisthenes Alexanders Romance book 2 Chapter 4). How can Philip be barbarian but his son being Greek? 😂 Herodotus two times call the Macedonians as having Doric Greek origin and blood (1.56-8.43), he also called countless of times the Macedonian kings as Greek “Now that the men of this family are GREEKS , sprung from Perdiccas” 8.43 Perdiccas was the first Macedonian king (or the third if we start from Caranus) , in case you didn’t know. Thucydides never called Macedonians barbarians this is out of your imagination again, he instead separated them from the barbarians “ The Macedonians and the barbarian crowd took fight..” Thucydides 4.125 🤣why he separated the Macedonians from barbarians if Macedonians were barbarians ( according to you )…Anyways there is not a single piece of evidence Neither by Herodotus nor Thucydides claim/naming the Macedonians as barbarians this is your lies
(I have read both Herodotus and Thucydides but you probably haven’t)….wake wake it’s time for school🤣
It depends what you mean by Greek Golden Age. If you are refering to the Classical City States in Southern Greece, then I guess their Golden Age ended when Macedon dominated them. But if you're refering to Greece as a whole, its Golden Age probably ended when Rome started conquering the Hellenic Successor Empires one by one.
شكرا بإضافة العربية 🫡🔥
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Is there a way to contact you in private?
Consult the Oracle to know your next move.
Take a shot everytime he says corINTH.
This narrator has always been garbage. Mispronounces multiple things every video.
Dunno if I'm wrong but I'm pretty sure that there were warriors that did not fight under any of the two banners of Greece and that provided a threat for both of the nations.
Can we get some more content on the Horn of Africa
Maybe the Adal Ethiopian war
Or maybe the portugese Ajuraan war
Somali traders have been around since before the Romans and greeks
Nah too boring, who cares about poor somali pirates 🤣
I met a Somali-Jap guy in Cambodia. He was friendly until I challenged his satanic religion when I asked him if I could prove it wrong, to which he lied yes, only to leave without letting me finish, and then later come back to say he wasn't convinced....
@@scintillam_dei what are you talking about
I'm sure a lesson could be taken from what happened to ancient Greece
that's the most bland, obviously idiotic take I have yet to see on here..gz!
@@ExcessCongruence---I don't care in the slightest.
Thessaly was not part of the Delian League. Check your sources @Knowledgia .
Was it after the battle of thermopylae
yep
Nothing says “I’m innocent” more than defecting to the literal enemy 😂.
How different history could have played out if Athens, who championed ideas of democracy had won, instead of the warrior culture of Sparta?
Well there are two Peloponnesian wars and athens came out on top 2nd/final war, thats why until today athens is the capital of greece and not sparta. Sparta was a mere zoo when the romans came and athenians became dignitaries and court members of the romans until the romans became greek themselves when the empire divided into two.
After playing Assassin's creed Odyssey
I finally know why there was 2 branches of the cult named Peloponnesian league and Delian league
The ending doesn't seem explained very well. In the end, Macedon conquered all of Greece and "the real loser in it all was ancient Greece."
Why? Macedon was just another Greek state. How did that spell the end of Greece?
Macedon was not "just another Greek state" though. They were hellenistic but not true Hellenes. The culture of Macedon was heavily influenced by Greece but it was a culture separate and distinct from the Greeks to the south, besides the languages being non-intelligible.
@@JonBrownSherman Nothing showcases that the Macedonians weren't true hellenes since both their language and culture were hellenic not hellenistic. It was the end of Greece as we know it because a kingdom took charge of Greece.
Were ancient Macedonians considered Greek?
The ancient Macedonians were a distinct nation, separate from their neighbors, the ancient Greeks, Illyrians, and Thracians. The ancient Greek and Roman historians tell us that the Macedonians spoke a separate Macedonian language and had their own customs, culture, and traditions.
@@racine09 So if I understand, Athens and Sparta were different like Canada and America were different (not very), whereas Macedon was more like Mexico?
Were ancient Macedonians considered Greek?
The ancient Macedonians were a distinct nation, separate from their neighbors, the ancient Greeks, Illyrians, and Thracians. The ancient Greek and Roman historians tell us that the Macedonians spoke a separate Macedonian language and had their own customs, culture, and traditions.are to most Americans . But it would seem so as a rough analogue .Phillip and Alexander are pretty much Greek names .
I am trying to understand this myself . There are a few theories .
The Persians would play each city state off of each other.
Wow the ending was so wrong in so many levels😅 completely skipped a bunch of conflicts and no phillip didn't end sparta's ambitions that was thebes
🤓
@@papazataklaattiranimam 😘
Assasins creed odyssey brought me here
assassins creed turned me to a history freak
Interesting
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This is why unification for the sake of regional and cultural survival as the Chinese demonstrated in 221 BCE was a wise choice
An ancient cold war it appears (sort of).
Why is there no sound
The sad part is hearing elements of these events again in the current age.
Sparta was cool ❤️
Do you love Persians because they helped this city?
I want to inform you that a channel called
Theromaniancountryball has been stealing your content for weeks. Please give him a copyright takedown.
This was a turning point for western civilization. Had Athens remained strong Rome may not have come to dominate the entire Mediterranean
Every time that greece was prospering ended from our own infighting
Thats a Greek thing 😝
@@g3org3yo7 not only a greek thing
Although the presenation of the evemts of the Peloponnessian War was excellent the conclusive statement was poorly worded. The conquest of the other Greek states by Phillip and Alexander brought about the Hellenistic age in which the Hellenic culture was spread around the world. Due to the conquests of Alexander, Hellenism had a global cultural hegemony during the times of the dominance of Rome and even during a great portion of the medieval age due to the Greek speaking and heavily Hellenized eastern Roman empire. As such ancient Greece, as a culture but also as a state, certainly did not die at the end of the Pelloponisian war. Unless if one defines "ancient Greece" as the the epoch of the "Greek city states".
Another contributing factor is the Athenian fleet was destroyed by a storm
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Also it should be noted that a crippling of Spartan resoures took place when Thebes freed Messenia.
can we have a chronicle of the independence of Argentina, Chile and Peru? the Andes campaign was a massive effort for the time.
How come the plague was so well contained to the Athens' side....
The plague arrived in Athens on grain shipments. Sparta and the other Greek city states were ironically spared this because the Athenian navy had formed a blockade preventing trade via sea.
@@paradox7358 then the blockade is "too" effective...
The invasion of Sparta forced the Athenians . to stay inside their walls thus forced contact with each other.
ı Anatolian History
Hittities
Lydians
Trojans 1200 Bc 🇮🇹🇹🇷
Etruscans 800 700 Bc 🇹🇷
And Greeks From Balkanic origin 🇬🇷
My Teacher Say This
Fun fact sparta was actually called Lacedemon
Tys for ur video's
I guess you could say the Peloponnesian War was kinda like the cold war but instead two powerful countries influencing a countries and sometimes battling those countries on two sides (usually North communist South democracy sort of) it's just two cities battling to control the surrounding cities but not directly just influenced oh and less nukes but there was one philosopher at the time that had a theory that everything was made of atoms and he was mostly correct future scientist later debunked some of the stuff he thoughts but whatever
so...not a cold war at all
@@oriffel it was kind of pretty much it was a long stalemate I like to see as the ancient Cold War
@@Fantasygod930 .....But they were actively fighting. In open conflict. Do you know what a cold war is? It does not mean a stalemate.
@@oriffel yes there was some fighting but Sparta wanted to fight Athens on an open field and Athens wanted to Spartans to waste their resources and Sparta was going on fighting on land and Athens was good fighting in the sea the only reason why war ended was because of Persia that probably would have been a great opportunity to conquer them since they were too busy fighting each other but nope they got reverse card sort of Alexander's complicated damn you Macedonian and Greek massive historical debative is Alexander Greek or Macedonian
Why does half of crete look like a jpeg from 405 BC?
Because Crete wants to have your mom's shape
Peloponitian war started in nowadays south Albania - norghern Hepirus most probably in a greek theatre
Prussia campaign please
Again, the Kingdom of Macedon was Greek. So Greece wasn't the loser as a whole as you claim, but the winner, cause the Macedonian empire went on to get enormous.
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@@cristaronaldosuwy6059 😂😂😂
False. The Greeks would be butchered and conquered by the Macedonians. No less than 7 Greek uprisings against the Macedonians would take place. The mighty Spartan army would make a last stand along at the Battle of Megolopolis.
@@TheColombiano89
There were civil wars not rebellions
Macedonians took part in the Olympic Games so they were recognized as Greeks
@@TheColombiano89 Go grow some weed, stop commenting bullcrap pls
11:56 / 12:08
Didn't they get together.. to battle Persia ?? Though??? 🕵🏻♀️
Peloponnesia????
When you give a place a name that's so damn difficult to spell and pronounce...that's reason enough for a dozen wars.
Legendary
*Watches this as I play AC Odyssey*
I am here because of assassin creed odyssey
the last king of Greece is Alexander the Great
Mycenean & later rulers of Greece Italy descended from Vedic/Arya Mittani-Hatti-Hari of 2k BCs, there's no possibility they can descend from whites whom they labelled subhum@n. There was no IE civiliation in that part of the world other than M-H-H. It's impossible Charioteer GR can come from any land of subhum@ns.
All European, Mediterranean, central Asian, steppe nations are founded by race of Bharath (Vedic/Arya). Kings, warriors of Europe are definitely R1a1aY/R1a1Y {Vedic warrior caste (Shatriyas)}, this marker didn't exist in steppe to Europe before 1k BCs. They've descended from CimmeArya, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Roxolani, TochaArya, Kushan, Wushun, Xiangno, Khotan Aryas who conquered great steppe then Europe, China in the 1k BCs from India-Iran region when Vedics from India already conquered upto Anatolia (Mittani-Hatti-Hari) in 2k BCs. Greco-Roman descended from M-H-H Aryas, only Aryas can bring IE language, chariot, Mitra, the thunder/sky God, astronomy, astrology, funerary cremation in Greece & Italy. Aryas in west have turned blonde/white breeding with white women (Celts R1bY, Veneds R1aY) like brown Jews turned blonde. Imagine Europe's Monarchies started coming 1300 years later than the Saka monarchy of 700 BC., literature after 7th c CE. Greece Italy Monarchies started 1000 years later than M-H-H.
Proven conquest of west by Aryas.👇
"👉In 2k BCs Mittani-Hatti-Hari conquered upto Anatolia.
👉In 800 BCs CimmeArya, Saka conquered Balkan, Ukraine, Russia.
👉In 500 BCs Parsha conquered Greece, Balkan.
👉In 400 BCs Sauromata, Alani conquered beyond Ukraine all the way to British Irish Isles, remember RgVedic Goddess Danu.
👉 In 400 CEs one Alani branch conquered Spain raiding Greece, Italy.
👉In 400 CEs Hun conquered half of Europe descending from Tocha-Arya, Kushan."
Lords of Turk, Mongol trb@ls descended from Tocha-Arya, Kushan, Wushun Aryas. R1a1aY/R1a1Y can easily be found among Turk, Mongol, Chinese, Tibetan, SE Asian, Jews. Literally all later conquerors of central Asia, steppe descended from Aryas. Nation's kings don't share common race with commoners. Arya, Ezyptian, Mesopotamian are only martial races.
++++++
Whites (CeltR1bY, Vened or old SlavicR1aY) are neither IE/Aryas nor warrior race, no evidence of their native language, their home is Yamnaya & Sintashta. Let alone riding chariot they didnt even ride horse. Roman labelled them subhum@n. IBN Fadlan described yellow haired are f!lthiest of God's creation. Till 10th c CE r@ping, hum@n s@crifice used to be their custom. Stark contrast in civilization of people in a continent confirms different origin. Whites aren't martial race but they @nnihilate anyone weaker than them, they've @nnihilated native Europeans. Roman, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Hun Aryas could do the same with whites but didn't. In last 1k years Aryas of west assimilating with whites commited gen0cides of American, African, Asian, Australian. Hiroshima nuking, WW1/2. British rulers who are Vedic R1a1aY/R1a1Y l00ted $45 trillion alone from India & feeding whites leaving 10 mill. Indians starved to death. Vedic civilization is destroyed by her own long lost children.
++++++
Since 800 BCs Whites (Celts, Veneds) are subjects of Aryas (CimmeArya, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Roxolani). Next conquered by Roman descending from Mittani-Hatti-Hari Aryas. Next conquered by Hun descending from Tocha-Arya, Kushan Aryas of Tarim basin. Next conquered by moors of north Africa for 700 years, moor leaders are Iranian Aryas. Next conquered by Turk, Mongol, l0rds of Turk, Mongol tribals are Tocha-Arya, Kushan, Wushun.
what a nonsense, Gylippos came as general without army from Sparta
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After watching this video I realized how big of a shitshow the peloponnesian war was.
After all, I still prefer that Athens should won this war
My favorite period of Greek history was when they became another province for some Republican Era boys from the west
Although did Rome conquer Greece or Greece eventually conquer Rome 🤔
BALOCH❤ king 👑 one video call with my ❤
Wao
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You speak about my ancestors.
Bro thinks he's tough talking on Insta if you ever see me on the streets you better run because I play no games . Im from the hood g , I grew up in the slums in NYC and my street cred is not to be questioned gang . U don't play wit me or shi will get ugly
Your turk
@@cristaronaldosuwy6059 Rap is crap.
@@overofthetop6071 Many Slavs in Greece wish they were Greek, and are deluded.
@@scintillam_dei blond back then didn't mean blond like it does today 🤡
The Thucydides Trap in a nutshell. Hey US! China! You watching this?
THIS Is SPARTAAAAA
Please,Turkish language.
What a Turk looking for on a Greek video?
👍
Athens was like the US, a democracy that had to fight off a an oppressive militaristic Sparta which was like the USSR of the time.
Athens at its peak was oppressive and militaristic as well. They genocided the entire population of melos island, essentially saying "we do it because we can, and there is nothing you can do to stop us".
Dive deeper into history and you will learn this statement is really really wrong.
@@dinospapa7413 so they were exactly like the US 😂
@@cristobalsapiain2709 Yeah, during the peloponesian war they went all like "we gonna give you democracy so hard", but in this particular instance they were openly more cruel and imperialistic even compared to the US.
THIS
And then the Macedons came and they get crushed.
This is same history as USA VS RUSSIA 😊
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just shut up bot
Pronounced "versus."
Very good last line... it was God's will
🇫🇷🇷🇴🇩🇪🇸🇮🇬🇷🇸🇰🇭🇺🇪🇸🇵🇹🇲🇰🇬🇧🇱🇻🇺🇸🇮🇹🇹🇷🇮🇸🇪🇪🇧🇻🇨🇿🇭🇷🇨🇦🇧🇬🇧🇪🇦🇱 30 lions Vs 1 bear 🇷🇺 drop your flag, if I missed you out sorry !! NATO we are one!!!❤️ 🇺🇦 You are doing great we will come when you roar our name NATO!!!!!
People in ancient Greece fighting their neighboring towns feels like the epitome of pettiness. You're fighting your own people, ffs.
Not so simple, there were some major Greek tribes (Dorians, Ionians etc) and the tribalism was very strong.
At the time, it was the system of City-States, and not of Nation-States as in our time. I think your contemporary vision is partly influenced by the latter.
What a terrible narrator. He speaks too slowly, over-enunciates to a ridiculous point, and ALWAYS mispronounces everything! How can you not even say "Corinth" right!?
Dorians were pelazgian and doric language was not greek. The only question is: did Greece occupied and annexed Southern Albania and slavic Macedonians in 1913??? Another question is have you ever read the original Iliad of Homer? In what language is written?? Have you ever seen the difference of : old greek and new greek languages????