Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic: The Differences | Cells | Biology | FuseSchool
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- Опубликовано: 15 фев 2017
- In this video we have a look at the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
All cells are either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes, and organisms with eukaryotic cells are eukaryotes. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, whereas plants, animals, fungi and all other organisms are eukaryotes.
If the genetic material is enclosed by a nuclear envelope, so giving a definite nucleus, then they are eukaryotic. Like animal cells. Whereas in prokaryotic cells, there isn’t a nuclear membrane and so no definite nucleus. The DNA is in the cytoplasm. A nucleus without a nuclear membrane is called a nucleoid.
Prokaryotes were the first type of organisms to evolve and are still the most common organisms today. It is believed that eukaryotes are evolved from prokaryotes.
The nucleus is a key factor in identifying whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. But also the other organelles are too. Organelles are tiny structures within the cytoplasm that perform specific jobs, like the energy providing mitochondria in the animal cell. Eukaryotic cells contain lots of different organelles, whereas ribosomes are the only organelles found in prokaryotic cells. Ribosomes are where proteins are made. Organelles are very important to eukaryotic cells. Bacteria can get by without them because they are so small. Eukaryotic cells are still too small for our naked eye, but they are huge in comparison to prokaryotic cells.
Organelles are an efficient way for eukaryotes to organise everything that is happening inside the cell. The cellular functions are compartmentalised meaning different organelles carry out different processes.
But bigger doesn’t necessarily mean better. The small size and simplicity is an advantage to prokaryotes; it suits their lifestyle! Being small means they have a large surface area to volume ratio. And so they can easily meet their nutritional needs to grow quickly and multiply rapidly.
So we know that prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus and lack most other organelles. Our final thing to discover is that all prokaryotes are unicellular. They are defined as “unicellular organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus”.
Eukaryotes can be either uni-cellular or multi-cellular. The statement that ‘all prokaryotes are unicellular’ is up for discussion however, as there is a lot of evidence to show that bacteria species can aggregate together and divide labour. Thus forming a colony of cells that work more efficiently. This is a multicellular characteristic. However there is a lot of resistance to calling any prokaryotes ‘multicellular’.
So in general: Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells have other organelles besides the nucleus. The only organelles in a prokaryotic cell are ribosomes. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes. All other organisms are eukaryotes.
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No problem! Happy to help 😉
Can you differentiate the living mechanisms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Everyone’s watching this for school right
yep
Ofc
Indeed
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Awesome video, your videos are so easy to understand! Btw are you uploading the new 9-1 spec?
Thank you.
Yes we are - we're trying to cover the new Biology specs for the main exam boards.
This the perfect video for what I was looking for.
Thank you 🥰
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Thanks! Glad it was helpful!
Can you tell what is mean by protozoa
Hi, this is really nice video but I realized that the caption is not really accurate in some parts. Is it possible to correct some of it? Thank you so much for this awesome video.
Thank you for the feedback. The great thing about youtube is that anyone can suggest edits to the subtitles, so if you want to edit them please do and we'll accept your changes.
aren't flagella another type of organelle or are they classed as something else?
Good question. They are both a structure and an organelle.
They are an appendage / structure that allow a cell to move, and they are a sensory organelle because they are sensitive to some chemicals and temperature outside the cell.
What did say in telugu meadiam prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic.
Thank u this helped a lot sith my chapter of cell biology
With*
Awesome! Glad it helped!
Zaberdast
I have a test tommorow and this is helping! ❤
All the best. Hope your test went well!
Yo thanks for the help I’m doing science homework rn.
is the DNA in a prokaryotic cell in the cytoplasm or the nucleoid?
Nucleoid.
thank you very much
thank you!
No worries!
Thanks for this vedio
Most welcome!
Very easy to understanding....by this video...you make it so easy
Thanks
Easy to understand 😊
Glad you think so!
Just watching this video studying for a test. Thanks for the help
Hope it went well!
Very useful for my biology class
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the intro satisfying tho
What's that song playing at the background
Check the end credits, should be there :)
Thanks for this video by my lesson
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Nice Prius
No
bsc zoology 1st ceptar in hindi meetu bhawani
who else was set this for GCSE science
For school
Sound is low
Noted! Thanks
This guy sounds so South African lol!
He is 😉
Ribosomes are not organelles
Hai
Gay
Tf
Very easy to understanding....by this video...you make it so easy
Thanks
Glad to hear that!