Blending In - Lacy Bryozoan and its Inhabitants
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- Опубликовано: 30 сен 2024
- The lacy bryozoan, Triphyllozoon inornatum, was usually overlooked by divers until diver Graham Abbott noticed a tiny goby living amongst them at Ambon in Indonesia in 2013. He alerted Ned and Anna DeLoach, the underwater photographers and marine biologists, and they subsequently found the same species of goby in these bryozoans, along with other cryptic critters. That story can be read on the excellent Blenny Watcher Blog at blennywatcher.c...
On a trip to the Lembeh Strait in 2015 I was lucky enough to spot the same goby at the dive site Jahir. It shelters in the natural tunnels created by the bryozoan and blends in perfectly against the pale background. The goby is only about 1cm long. Ichthyologists Gerry Allen, Mark Erdmann, and N.K. Dita Cahynai described the goby in 2016 and assigned the name Sueviota bryozophila. Eye abnormalities are quite common amongst reef fishes. This particular fish had a defect to it's right eye, which was much smaller than the left one.
At Makawidey I spotted the small porcelain crab, Pachycheles garciaensis, sitting on top of a bryozoan. Again, it's mostly white colour helps it avoid detection.
Finally at Aer Bajo, we found a bryozoan hosting an undescribed species of snapping shrimp, Synalpheus sp.. Snapping shrimps, also known as pistol shrimps, have asymmetrical claws. The larger one can close with great speed, creating a small cavitation bubble. As the bubble collapses, a loud popping sound is emitted which stuns passing prey. Much of the crackling often heard on a reef is due to this family of shrimps.
Colonies of bryozoans are rooted to the substrate and vary greatly in form. They filter plankton with their tentacles and many, such as this one, secrete a calcerous skeleton. Because of these similarities, they are often mistaken for corals, but they actually belong to a completely different phylum. Each individual animal in a colony is rarely larger than a millimeter in size.
The tiny stalks with white ends visible on the bryozoan are stinging hydroids in the Zanclea genus, possibly Zanclea exposita. Presumably the critters symbiotically use the hydroids' sting in their own defence.
Viewers can now contribute subtitles for this video in many languages. Click the "gear" icon at the bottom right of the video, then "Subtitles/CC" then "Add subtitles or CC". Find out more at support.google.... Any additional languages would be most welcome. Even if you only contribute a translation of a small part of the narration or marine life names, it all helps.
The video was shot by Nick Hope with a Panasonic GH4 in a Nauticam NA-GH4 housing. I used an Olympus M.Zuiko ED 12-50mm f3.5-6.3 EZ lens and 60mm f2.8 macro lens.
Thanks to dive guides Hiros and Frankie of YOS Dive Lembeh for finding these critters.
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Viewers can now contribute subtitles (closed captions) for this video in many languages. Click the "gear" icon at the bottom right of the video, then "Subtitles/CC > Add subtitles or CC". Find out more at support.google.com/youtube/answer/6054623. Any additional languages would be most welcome. Even if you only contribute a translation of a small part of the narration, it all helps. Thank you.
The goby has now been described by Gerry Allen, Mark Erdmann & N.K. Dita Cahyani, and assigned the name Sueviota bryozophila.
Beautiful! Thank you for all your videos. :)
Your videos are amazing.
I agree. It's brilliant.
Hmmm... "Inhabitants"... In all normal languages, the Latin suffix "IN" means a negation. Only in English does it mean something else...
Couldn't they say, like everyone else, "habitants"?
But no ! They use "Inhabitants" that is to say "non-habitants", who knows why...
"In" in this sense simply means to live IN a place. It's from the Latin "inhabitare".
I love all the research behind your films!!! always are very informative!
Hello,
Bubble vision,
I subscribed
Superb details !!! Great job !!
gorgeous and informative!
Wonderful!
Amazing video, Nick. Congratulations.
Note that in addition to the fish, shrimp, and crab there are also hydroids growing on these bryozoans. In almost every colony showed in your video it is clear the presence of the hydroids. Their colonies cover almost the entire bryozoan colony; each polyp is a small, fingerlike white projection with scattered tentacles, and each tentacle has a swollen, spherical tip. They belong to the family Corynidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). So, these bryozoans host another interesting species associated with the bryozoan..
+Alvaro Migotto Thank you very much. I only really thought about the presence of the hydroids after I had made the video. I guess there may be some symbiotic effect whereby the critters use the stinging hydroids as a defence. Thank you very much for identifying the family. Are you a marine biologist?
Yes, I am a marine biologist and my main field of study is the cnidarians. I may have precipitated myself in saying the hydroid is a Corynidae. Actually, it may belong to the genus Zanclea (from the hydrozoan family Zancleidae). Several species of this genus have been reported associated with bryozoans. I'll check the literature and write to you again soon. But you are right. The bryozoans my receive protection from predators while the hydroids may benefit from the water circulation generated by the bryozoans zooids.
+Alvaro Migotto Thanks. Wonderful to have input from an expert! I've found a couple of online references to Zanclea sp. that seem to match. Here's one: fran.cornu.free.fr/affichage/affichage_nom.php?id_espece=1521
+Bubble Vision
Yes, it a good reference.
Anyway I found a paper that describes a new species of Zanclea (Z. tipis) from Bunaken Island, Indonesia, that lives in association with the bryozoan Triphyllozoon cfr. inornatum. The paper is available at journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file=%2FMBI%2FMBI82_06%2FS0025315402006434a.pdf&code=00404adc6dcb498d0e7fa9d615b280fd. If you do not have access to this journal I can send you a copy.
Interesting
Amazing! Thanks for sharing~
Superb NicK: pin sharp!!!
nice
Оператору респект и уважуха! Молодец - круто!
EN FRANCAIS CELà SERAIT PARFAIT
wow! it has a name! saw a similar crab (1:12) in my hotel room in Boracay. I thought it was a rare arachnid at first as it was handing by a web! Upon glancing closer, I saw that it was a crab. Very interesting! I believe they are in the same family?
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Ótimo Canal.
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My name is Lacey :)
crazy
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