Archaeologists Explore Incredibly Preserved Ancient Shipwrecks

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  • Опубликовано: 1 дек 2024
  • Discover the ancient shipwrecks at the bottom of the Black Sea with maritime archaeologist Jon Adams. Explore a 10th-century Byzantine shipwreck and join a three-year mission uncovering the secrets of this prehistoric lake. Witness Jon and his team use advanced technology to find and retrieve ancient artifacts, revealing connections to history's greatest empires. Dive deep into the mysteries of the Black Sea and learn about the preserved wrecks, including a perfectly intact Roman cargo vessel.
    Welcome to Unearthed History -- the home for all things archaeological! From ancient Roman ruins to buried medieval mysteries, we'll be bringing you award-winning documentaries that explore the remnants of long lost civilizations.
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    Discover the past on History Hit, with ad-free exclusive podcasts and documentaries released weekly and presented by world-renowned historians Dan Snow, Suzannah Lipscomb, Matt Lewis and more. Get 50% off your first 3 months with code 'UNEARTHEDHISTORY': historyhit.com...
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    #UnearthedHistory #Archaeology #Documentary

Комментарии • 217

  • @TacticalLulu
    @TacticalLulu 3 месяца назад +14

    Was not expecting this documentary to be so good

  • @EK-xz8ig
    @EK-xz8ig 3 месяца назад +33

    Amazing. If I had a do over I'd be an Archaeologist

    • @dragdragon23
      @dragdragon23 14 дней назад +1

      that's why I cringe at the Indiana Jones movies; he fines it by destroying other artifacts.

  • @gerbrand8132
    @gerbrand8132 3 месяца назад +11

    Wat een fantastische documantere.Veel beter als die stomme series en spelletjes op die commercieele zenders.

  • @Vegathlete
    @Vegathlete Месяц назад +2

    My wish, John Adams and team always be as rewarded as are we each time they watch this amazing documentary. One of the best ever and yes "no words" to describe this discovery of a lifetime after millennia.
    We will miss the Havila Commander offshore supply vessel built in 2010, Russia. A wonderful ship of today.

  • @jbrobertson6052
    @jbrobertson6052 3 месяца назад +37

    If this was 20 hours long I would watch it in one go I spent a lot of years on a Canadian Research Vessel on the West Coast we would be at sea for months at a time and I would go back to it in a heartbeat

    • @rogerbutler5341
      @rogerbutler5341 3 месяца назад

      Former USN here, I also find this amazing. I'm with you, would watch for as long as it ran.

  • @PavelAVasilevich
    @PavelAVasilevich 3 месяца назад +7

    Great documentary, I was glued watching this.

  • @TheNaturalLawInstitute
    @TheNaturalLawInstitute 3 месяца назад +3

    The end brought tears to my eyes. Beautiful.

  • @rickarmstrong4704
    @rickarmstrong4704 3 месяца назад +14

    The contrast to what this video is about and what is happening in the Black Sea today, However these finds are Very Profound so incredible the condition these ships are in! Thank You

  • @madmanmechanic8847
    @madmanmechanic8847 3 месяца назад +14

    Absolutist fascinating they need to bring that last ship up and preserve it and put it into a museum . They have the technology to do it I would raise it very well done love it

    • @Pato-ARG
      @Pato-ARG 3 месяца назад +1

      have you seen the video?the part with the microscope ?is not wood anymore it would disolve if you try to touch it

    • @gerbrand8132
      @gerbrand8132 3 месяца назад

      ​@@Pato-ARGyes it wood disolve.2000 meter deep.good luck.

  • @poepflater
    @poepflater 3 месяца назад +42

    Ancient boats are sooo cool, there is so much design and technology that goes into a boat, especially big ones... We sometimes forget how long humans have been a high tech society.

    • @Melior_Traiano
      @Melior_Traiano 3 месяца назад +2

      Exactly. Oftentimes, we take the modern amenities for granted, while forgetting how many smart and dedicated people it took to discover, invent and create them. I couldn't build one of those Roman cargo ships, let alone a computer chip.

    • @poepflater
      @poepflater 3 месяца назад +2

      @@Melior_Traiano I'm building a 3-foot long boat currently (scaled-down model of a a1960s design, and it is kicking my arse at every corner...

    • @Melior_Traiano
      @Melior_Traiano 3 месяца назад +2

      @@poepflater Haha I can imagine. I'd love to build a real daysailer one day. Maybe when I'm retired.

    • @alainclvpentax8798
      @alainclvpentax8798 Месяц назад

      Yes and so stupid and sad it is used for wars. Beautifully

    • @poepflater
      @poepflater Месяц назад

      @@alainclvpentax8798 1st we picked up a rock, and made war with them, then we picked up a stick and made war with those... then we combined sticks and rocks and made war with those... see where I;m going with this...

  • @douglaskbrown1154
    @douglaskbrown1154 3 месяца назад +2

    Such a wonderful presentation with unique discoveries. Thank you. I loved this!

  • @roselightinstorms727
    @roselightinstorms727 2 месяца назад +3

    Brilliant finds and recoveries🎉

  • @LucHywel-xw5tw
    @LucHywel-xw5tw 3 месяца назад +22

    Thank you for this. Not sure it's the right niche but if anyone's interested in individual Ancient and Medieval ship types structure I strongly recommend Schwerpunkt's naval history series. Keep up the good work

  • @mcburcke
    @mcburcke 3 месяца назад +6

    Amazing finds! The intact Roman ship is just astonishing...still has rope hanging on it? Words do indeed fail one. The Black Sea is an enormous archaeological site, and I hope someone is looking for signs of human settlements along the ancient shorelines, but they may be under too much sediment by now.

    • @theeddorian
      @theeddorian 2 месяца назад

      Several have been found along the deeper shorelines already. There is no evidence in the literature so far that the people living around those shore lines "gradually" retreated once the Bosporous began contributing waters from the Mediterranean. It is worth reading the results of hydrographic studies of the Black Sea. That hydrogen sulfide layer is a serious obstacle to investigation. One fact that is troublesome is addressing just when the inflow from the rivers was balanced by evaporation. At present, water flows into the Black Sea through the Bosporus. There is not enough water coming into the sea from the rivers draining Eastern Europe, Ukraine, Russia and Georgia to balance evaporation. Only with the contribution from the Mediterranean through the Bosporous is the level of the Black Sea stable.

  • @laurawalker7947
    @laurawalker7947 22 дня назад

    Loved this documentary. It was comprehensive and nicely edited.

  • @sailingonasummerbreeze7892
    @sailingonasummerbreeze7892 3 месяца назад +1

    How cool is this? Amazing these ships still exist! Well done crew!

  • @MidnightBee
    @MidnightBee 3 месяца назад +7

    When they used the toilet plunger to suction the amphora into the lift, I was biting my nails and sweating! The team did a great job handling such a delicate artifact!

    • @استاذدانيال
      @استاذدانيال 3 месяца назад +2

      Remember that the video was edited long after the conclusion of the expedition. They condensed hundreds of hours into one hour. They were only going to show successful work, so from the outset of the "plunger to grab an amphora" one could be sure that the ploy would be successful.

    • @richardraby6266
      @richardraby6266 3 месяца назад +5

      In the "work-class ROV" fraternity many hour are spent dreaming-up, designing and fabricating tools for specific jobs; it's part of what makes the profession so interesting and absorbing. ROV Pilot/tech retired.

    • @rickarmstrong4704
      @rickarmstrong4704 3 месяца назад

      A bit of Daleks happening there : )

  • @metallampman
    @metallampman 3 месяца назад +4

    what an amazing life you guys have,,, wish i was there

  • @richardraby6266
    @richardraby6266 3 месяца назад +4

    Mesmerising, I used to work with ROV's in mostly offshore Brazil and the North sea. Great piloting by the ROV operator to get those crystal clear wreck pictures (the skill is in NOT churning up the bottom sediments) , and what good luck on behalf of the whole teams input in finding what was found.

    • @davidbaldwin1591
      @davidbaldwin1591 3 месяца назад +1

      I'm thinking it's possible a few, not all, of the images are CG scans of the ship. Or maybe the current is low. I could be wrong.

  • @stefanaxelsson6397
    @stefanaxelsson6397 3 месяца назад +2

    Brilliant! Marvelous documentary.

  • @WindsEternal
    @WindsEternal 3 месяца назад +1

    Excellent show! Very enlightening.

  • @shortribslongbow5312
    @shortribslongbow5312 3 месяца назад +2

    Outstanding!

  • @charlenequinilty7252
    @charlenequinilty7252 3 месяца назад +1

    Thanks for an interesting documentary..felt I was there

  • @sincererespects6658
    @sincererespects6658 3 месяца назад +2

    Outstanding 👍!😊

  • @pedenmk
    @pedenmk 3 месяца назад +2

    Excellent episode. I would love to have been a archeologist and on this discovery shop. Thanks for sharing.

  • @timmardon6161
    @timmardon6161 3 месяца назад +2

    Fantastic!!!

  • @zpalladino
    @zpalladino 3 месяца назад +3

    That was a badass video

  • @philippemonnier1596
    @philippemonnier1596 3 месяца назад +3

    Incredible. Thank you!

  • @Ronnybouy
    @Ronnybouy 3 месяца назад +1

    Poignant reminders of other peoples last moments, as well as how they lived the moments before, in the normalcy of trade and discovery they experienced pushing knowledge and experience forward themselves.

  • @iamauntmeem
    @iamauntmeem 3 месяца назад +5

    I hope they return for that last intact ship and retrieve it. I'll watch for a documentary about it.

  • @EmbraceTheJourney
    @EmbraceTheJourney 3 месяца назад +2

    beautiful video, thank you so much for letting us see this great adventure.

  • @CoffeeNerd2
    @CoffeeNerd2 3 месяца назад +3

    Amazing finds.

  • @davidvaughn7752
    @davidvaughn7752 3 месяца назад +2

    Truly remarkable.

  • @debbralehrman5957
    @debbralehrman5957 3 месяца назад +6

    Wonderful show👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼

  • @patrickbass3542
    @patrickbass3542 3 месяца назад +5

    One reason that these shipwrecks are (relatively) undisturbed is the DEEP of the Black Sea. Another fact contributing to the relatively low level of decay of organic materials is the anoxic nature of the water at the depths of the Black Sea...no MAN can dive that deep without the artificial, protected environment of the subs.

  • @mattlevault5140
    @mattlevault5140 3 месяца назад +4

    Well done!

  • @deepbludude4697
    @deepbludude4697 3 месяца назад +1

    Damn lets hear it for the ROV dudes! mad skills recovering the Amphora w a comode plunger!

  • @RobertStewart-i3m
    @RobertStewart-i3m 3 месяца назад +4

    As a former sailor I really appreciate this video

  • @lenjames
    @lenjames 3 месяца назад +3

    truly amazing.

  • @wernerkraeutler4507
    @wernerkraeutler4507 2 месяца назад +1

    great exploring

  • @rockfishmiller
    @rockfishmiller 3 месяца назад +2

    Scan then 3D print in miniature, i'd buy one. Fascinating. Well done all, great presentation, thank you.

  • @sich125
    @sich125 3 месяца назад +2

    Dude must’ve been a pro at that game with the mechanical hook lol 😂

  • @Duskydawg
    @Duskydawg 6 дней назад

    A great experience, thanks.

  • @dougg1075
    @dougg1075 2 месяца назад +1

    Wow. Incredible

  • @robertgreen9150
    @robertgreen9150 3 месяца назад +1

    I can't thank you enough!

  • @linusromey561
    @linusromey561 3 месяца назад +2

    I eagerly await the day they find a trireme.

  • @marlenemcgovern1045
    @marlenemcgovern1045 День назад

    Retrieving an Amphora with a toilet plunger 😅 brilliant 👏
    Great thinking, men! Very interesting documentary. Loved this!!

  • @norecipenecessary6864
    @norecipenecessary6864 3 месяца назад +1

    That rov operator is a true cool hand Luke

  • @arbjful
    @arbjful Месяц назад +1

    Amazing, what a discovery, looking at the shipwreck you think of all those people who would have served on it and gone down with it…

  • @NormanLor
    @NormanLor 3 месяца назад +6

    I DO HOPE THEY RAISE THIS AND RESTORE IT FOR ALL TO SEE THIS AS NEVER BEFORE IN A MUSEUM??!!

  • @jusadude7162
    @jusadude7162 3 месяца назад +2

    At 53:38 is when we finally see the shipwreck.

  • @derekheim8172
    @derekheim8172 3 месяца назад +6

    I'm no sea surgeon, but, doesn't it seem like having a canvas sling on hand would make recovering amphorae much simpler?

  • @claymonsterpottery
    @claymonsterpottery 3 месяца назад +6

    As a potter currently making new artifacts, I say you’re welcome… on behalf of the hands that made that vessel. Would that I could have known him. Thanks for bringing it back to the light.

  • @mmagnusol
    @mmagnusol 2 месяца назад +1

    Wow! Exceeds Robert Ballard!

  • @jeffrasmussen7388
    @jeffrasmussen7388 13 дней назад

    outstanding!

  • @kearnsey64
    @kearnsey64 Месяц назад

    Epic!

  • @TSZatoichi
    @TSZatoichi 3 месяца назад +5

    I really wish you guys would put the original title in the description somewhere, maybe even a link to its IMDB page.
    Ghosts of the Deep: Black Sea Shipwrecks (2019)

  • @kennj321
    @kennj321 Месяц назад +1

    its like a time machine.

  • @gorgonbazil2652
    @gorgonbazil2652 Месяц назад +1

    was amused when the narrator says "the ship has been at sea for 24 days and its taking its toll" They have never been in the US Navy.. Really cool archeological video..

  • @shawnrobichaud9813
    @shawnrobichaud9813 Месяц назад

    pretty cool stuff..i wish this was the kind of history taught to me in school i would have been more interested instead of the crap i was taught

  • @thomasbauerle2366
    @thomasbauerle2366 3 месяца назад +1

    He left Scratch Marks in the Amphore with His spare Airbottle 😮

  • @Hope_Boat
    @Hope_Boat 3 месяца назад +1

    Χαίρε Ρωμηοσύνη!

  • @rogerschroeder8905
    @rogerschroeder8905 2 месяца назад

    @3:00 if those are "perfectly preserve shipwrecks" I can see why they sank. I wonder what year they decided to start putting boards on the side of the hull?
    But seriously, this is so much better than the history channel that only talks about imaginary aliens and never history.

  • @peterchilds7176
    @peterchilds7176 2 месяца назад

    Half a day of preparation and it’s possible to do a dive to 100m. Build rebreather, one hour, boost O2 diluent and bailouts two hours. Dive planning 1 hour, suit up and pre dive test 30 min. These divers would have their kit in a ready state on a trip like this with sorb filled and O2, Dillan and bailouts pre prepared so that any opportunity to go on a dive would take the minimum amount of time.

  • @davidbrill1237
    @davidbrill1237 2 месяца назад +1

    Tragic shame what a disturbance they made !! Criminal looting 😡😡

  • @oldschool1993
    @oldschool1993 3 месяца назад +66

    I hate all the fake drama- just tell the story about the ship.

    • @Gubbins_McBumbersnoot
      @Gubbins_McBumbersnoot 3 месяца назад

      You clicked on an hour long video, what were you expecting?

    • @lenjames
      @lenjames 3 месяца назад +7

      is not fake drama. its a story so you can imagine what the feeling of the research team is and the discovery of our past. your not so old school to me

    • @oldschool1993
      @oldschool1993 3 месяца назад +7

      @@lenjames Next on your schedule" Agora Housewives of ancient Greece"

    • @bsg2580
      @bsg2580 3 месяца назад +6

      53 minutes in you get to see a couple minutes of video…. Lots of bubbles, ship flyovers, ocean views for the first 53 mins

    • @ron8641
      @ron8641 3 месяца назад

      Tel the story you say… it’s 2000 years ago 😂

  • @metallampman
    @metallampman 3 месяца назад +1

    I completely disagree with the LEAVE IT ALONE concept.. bring it up clean it up and put it in a museum so people born 2000 years after that ship sunk.. can enjoy the history of it

  • @lianefehrle9921
    @lianefehrle9921 3 месяца назад +1

    They should have asked the fishermen first if they knew something

  • @haywoodjay385
    @haywoodjay385 2 месяца назад +31

    3 minutes of ship footage, 56 minutes of fluff.

    • @kskssxoxskskss2189
      @kskssxoxskskss2189 2 месяца назад +5

      Not a humanities scholar, are you?

    • @dougg1075
      @dougg1075 2 месяца назад +4

      Not much more to see unless your into dark underwater views of wood . The rest was much more fascinating to me.

    • @ronc7743
      @ronc7743 2 месяца назад

      Thanks for the heads up!

    • @hydrostatics
      @hydrostatics 2 месяца назад +1

      Could it be, the team has found wood dating back to Roman times

    • @williamkuhns2387
      @williamkuhns2387 2 месяца назад +1

      Yes it's known as clickbait.

  • @aserta
    @aserta 3 месяца назад +1

    25:26 well, to be entirely honest, we should've expected that. I mean, we've got bacteria eating plastic now (which itself is an... alarming prospect for our society - one we'd fully deserve). Nothing is meant to last for ever.
    36:07 well, i guess... whatever works, rightt? :))
    40:02 if only we could learn from that and ditch the forces that pit us all against one another. We're all one people. We've a name. Humanity.

  • @dragdragon23
    @dragdragon23 14 дней назад

    great history, sad that they announce this stuff on the news anymore.

  • @Poetry4Us
    @Poetry4Us 2 месяца назад

    w episode

  • @aserta
    @aserta 3 месяца назад

    19:15 surprised they don't utilize a transition wave breaker, that kind of back and forth on the taught cable cannot be good for the fiber inside. Usually, there should be something like a small wing that's always pointed upward to push it out of the water and hugging the cable above and bellow the water level, a wave breaker that's loose from the cable itself, and just splits the water moving forward.

    • @connorjohnson4402
      @connorjohnson4402 3 месяца назад

      Well the cables able to fully pick the vehicle out of the water but for the most part the ship isn't pulling the ROV along with the cable the vehicle is flying around under its power and they put floats a ways up from he vehicles in order for it to form a caternary so that there is a buffer of the wave action from the ship to the vehicle. This arrangement can change a bit if its a 2 body ROV system but the transition point of the tether into the water is not going to cause any sort of forces on the cable in comparison to other parts in the system. Most ROVs only travel a few knots at the most. I haven't seen a system like you describe used on any ROV dives.

  • @contentstockvideo
    @contentstockvideo 3 месяца назад

    A 50 million usd expedition. Vessel value = 10 million, fisherman information = 40 million

  • @jerrypeal653
    @jerrypeal653 3 месяца назад +1

    I wouldn’t call that perfectly preserved

  • @tensaibr
    @tensaibr 3 месяца назад

    Wish the swan figure was still intact though.

  • @Retroscoop
    @Retroscoop 3 месяца назад +1

    Very interesting but the pompous background music "for dramatic purposes" turns this scientific voyage into a soap opera

  • @mbendero
    @mbendero 3 месяца назад

    Agreed, just get on with the info

  • @1StanTheMan1
    @1StanTheMan1 3 месяца назад

    ... But did you find Davey Jones's locker? LOL Great work!

  • @prateektayal6895
    @prateektayal6895 Месяц назад

    How can I become a maritime archaeologist like you great folks in this video? I am almost done with my level 1 PADI certification, but cannot enroll in courses yet due to visa taking a long time to get approved. Any help would be appreciated! Thank you!

  • @bustownbc2787
    @bustownbc2787 3 месяца назад +5

    They talk about how rare and special this ship is but show the crew and their faces 3 times more than the ship.....wtf....we want 2 see what your talking about..

  • @mutteringmale
    @mutteringmale 2 месяца назад +2

    1/2 of this is people staring at a screen looking worried or happy or whatever. "make it personal" type of film editing Bah..

    • @battery781
      @battery781 Месяц назад

      I can’t wait for your documentary to be released

  • @manchu9inf
    @manchu9inf 3 месяца назад

    OK, if the glaciers are melting raising sea water, the glaciers on land would have melted and raised the water level of the black sea, just as fast, as there would have been flooding, during the melting. I still don't think there would have been a "gradual" rising of the water level in the black sea. it was probably both happening at the same time that caused it to be over ran and become marine instead of fresh.

  • @thelastjohnwayne
    @thelastjohnwayne 3 месяца назад

    When I was in High School I read Papillon and Banco. My mom was concerned I would turn to a life of Crime by reading books by about a criminal. And she did not really want me to read them

  • @marionchase-kleeves8311
    @marionchase-kleeves8311 3 месяца назад

    Evidence is not proof of any hypothesis. It is just a record to be interpreted by many observations.
    So many questions, various answers

  • @sitbone3
    @sitbone3 2 месяца назад +1

    I wouldn't call it "incredibly preserved".

    • @emmgeevideo
      @emmgeevideo Месяц назад +1

      Kinda incredibly preserved?

  • @Spsr555
    @Spsr555 3 месяца назад

    Il ne faut jamais remettre à demain ce qu’on peut faire aujourd'hui.
    Ce documentaire date de 2019, ils avaient certainement prévu de retourner visiter ces épaves l’année suivante. Aujourd'hui en 2024 on ne sait toujours pas quand on pourra retourner en mer noire.

  • @dougg1075
    @dougg1075 2 месяца назад

    “ fish paste “
    Is that MSG? Layer of fish and salt?

  • @gregedmand9939
    @gregedmand9939 3 месяца назад +55

    Be careful you don't trip over a sunken Russian naval vessel down there! Great series... Slava Ukraine!

    • @STB_ART90
      @STB_ART90 3 месяца назад +11

      This was filmed in 2019 bud.

    • @thomasherndon-io2gl
      @thomasherndon-io2gl 3 месяца назад

      Putin's navy dominates the seafloor.

    • @gregedmand9939
      @gregedmand9939 3 месяца назад +11

      @@STB_ART90 Of course it was "Bud". What's your point? I really don't think this is a live broadcast. It was just a great opportunity to remind p people of Russia and their attack on Ukraine.

    • @thedude8046
      @thedude8046 3 месяца назад +12

      ​@gregedmand9939 well blame NATO and the US.

    • @spmbuiltin
      @spmbuiltin 3 месяца назад

      Blow your politics out your arse

  • @SMGJohn
    @SMGJohn 3 месяца назад +1

    Padding that makes even Naruto Shippuden fillers feel short.

  • @derekheim8172
    @derekheim8172 3 месяца назад

    Centuries later the quarter rudders have moved forward to become bow planes for ships that intentionally sink!

  • @genebohannon8820
    @genebohannon8820 3 месяца назад +1

    So they found a Fanta bottle and it is a museum piece?

  • @glenrobertson263
    @glenrobertson263 2 месяца назад +2

    It would have been nice to have seen (what you advertised) earlier than the last 5 minutes of an hour-long show, and for more than just a few mintues! Thank goodness for being able to skim ahead! Falsely-advertised!

  • @Pocketfarmer1
    @Pocketfarmer1 3 месяца назад +1

    Hate the opening. Came for the ship not the feeling of some talking head. Good to see Professor Batchvarov on the team . Nice video of the wreck , but too much pseudo-drama drivel.

  • @Paul-g9m5j
    @Paul-g9m5j 3 месяца назад

    A little tin of wood hardener, from a large out of town outlet, following analysis will solve that!

  • @freekoffhisleash
    @freekoffhisleash 3 месяца назад +1

    Fascinating doc, although I do not buy for a second that their dating is anywhere near correct. Tests have showed time and time again all the problems with carbon dating where they get multiple dates but go with the date that supports what they want to promote.

  • @bondniko
    @bondniko 3 месяца назад

    Pidor ty, Greg

  • @onenewworldmonkey
    @onenewworldmonkey 3 месяца назад +1

    I should enjoy these shows but they end up bothering me. The old guy going after that 1000 year old vessel had one job, one focus-to retrieve it. Why did he brush off and get close to the writing? So he could read it! How selfish!
    He mirked up the the water, took precious time, deviated from the mission then "it was heavier than I thought. What? Why is he down there? Get someone who can focus on the task at hand. Who is he to possibly ruin this special mission by reading it while there?
    He lost all credibility in my eyes. I think of all the young people who could do a much better job who are unemployed.

  • @KellyfromMemphisDD214
    @KellyfromMemphisDD214 3 месяца назад +1

    Why is this documentary so dark?! …I can’t see anything. Just have to listen to the unnecessary drama from the narrator… 😢

    • @lenjames
      @lenjames 3 месяца назад +1

      And we that enjoyed the story about the research have to see your unnecessary comment.

  • @Martin-se3ij
    @Martin-se3ij 3 месяца назад

    I thought the rudder was called a steer-board and is where we got "Starboard" from. And that it was on the right because that was a man's strongest arm. But your mosaics and vase pictures show it on the left hand or Port side of the ship. What's the real story?

    • @seppoe
      @seppoe 3 месяца назад

      Starboard and port came from viking ships - they had only one steering oar, ancient romans and greeks had usually two, on both sides. Egyptians had even more, I think six was used in some river ships. Must have been a bit inefficient to need so many…