Sources for today's episode (in order of appearance): 1. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 30-37 2. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 231-235 3. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 166 (Kindle Edition) 4. 1. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 125 5. Underhill AP (2013) Introduction: Investigating the Development and Nature of Complex Societies in Ancient China. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 5 6. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 141-142 7. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 133 8. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 138 9. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 150 10. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129 11. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-151 12. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 172-182 13. Wang F (2013) The Houli and Beixin Cultures. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 389-399 14. Shelach G and Teng M (2013) Earlier Neolithic Economic and Social Systems of the Liao River Region, Northeast China. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 39-50 15. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 166-18 (Kindle Edition) 16. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 186-210 (Kindle Edition) 17. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 144-148 18. Zhang J and Cui Q (2013) The Jiahu Site in the Huai River Area. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 194-200 19. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 235 20. Li X (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 43 21. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-131 22. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 1391 23. Schelach G (2000) The Earliest Neolithic Cultures of Northeast China: Recent Discoveries and New Perspectives on the Beginning of Agriculture, Journal of World Prehistory, 14(4), pp. 401 24. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-133 25. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 147-148 26. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 135-139 27. Schiffer MB (1976) Behavioural Archaeology, pp. 30-33 28. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 98-102, 127-152 29. Underhill AP (ed.) (2013) A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 42-45, 173-177, 390-392 30. Xiang H et al. (2014) Early Holocene chicken domestication in northern China, PNAS, 11(49), pp. 17564-9 31. Chow BS (1981) The animal remains discovered at Cishan village, Wu’an, Hebei province, Acta Archaeologia Sinica, 3, 339-347 32. Lu H (2009) Earliest domestication of common millet (Panicum miliaceum) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago, PNAS, 106(18), 7367-7372 33. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 133-134 34. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 173-174 35. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 183-185 36. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 72-73, 127-128, 166-67 37. Kobayashi T (2003) Jomon Reflections, pp. 85-86. 38. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 127-152 39. Cohen DJ et al. (2017) The emergence of pottery in China: Recent dating of two early pottery cave sites in South China, Quaternary International, pp. 36-48 40. Boaretto E et al. (2009) Radiocarbon dating of charcoal and bone collagen associated with early pottery at Yuchanyan Cave, Hunan Province, China, PNAS 106, 9595-9600 41. Wu X et al. (2012) Early Pottery at 20,000 Years Ago in Xianrendong Cave, China, Science 336, pp. 1696-1700 42. Lu TL-D (2011) Early Pottery in South China, Asian Perspectives 49(1), pp. 1-42 43. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 64-70 44. 20. Xinwei L (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 31-50 45. Liu L (2007) Early Figurations in China: Ideological, Social and Ecological Implications. In Image and Imagination, pp. 271-279 46. Cohen D (2011) The Beginnings of Agriculture in China: A Multiregional View, S273-285 47. Underhill AP (ed.) (2013) A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 41-42, 179-182, 397-398 48. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 144-147 49. Smith BL (2005) Diet, health, and lifestyle in Neolithic North China, Unpublished PhD Thesis. 50. Pilcher HR (2003) Earliest Handwriting Found? Nature 51. Li X et al. (2003) The earliest writing? Sign use in the seventh millennium BC at Jiahu, Henan Province, China, Antiquity, 77(295), 31-44 52. Zhang J et al. (2004) The early development of music. Analysis of the Jiahu bone flutes, Antiquity, 78(302), 769-778 53. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 177 54. Zhang J and Cui Q (2013) The Jiahu Site in the Huai River Area. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 202, 207-209 55. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 152-160 56. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 497-509 57. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 537-554 58. Cohen DJ (2014) The Neolithic of Southern China. In The Cambridge World Prehistory, pp. 766-769, 772-773 59. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 243-244 60. Wang J (2021) Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China, PLOS ONE, 16(8), pp. 1 61. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 546-548 62. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 172 63. Han J (2012) “The Painted Pottery Road” and Early Sino-Western Cultural Exchanges, ANABASIS. STUDIA CLASSICA ET ORIENTALIA, 3, pp. 27 - Note: The claim by this paper that Baijia’s painted pottery is the earliest in China has been overturned by more recent excavations, see reference no. 60 64. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 500 65. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 154 66. Crawford GW and Shen C (1998) The Origins of Rice Agriculture: Recent Progress in East Asia, Antiquity, 72(278), pp. 862 67. Chen S and Yu PL (2017) Early “Neolithics” of China: Variation and Evolutionary Implications, Journal of Anthropological Research, 73(2), pp. 161-164 68. Cohen DJ (2014) The Neolithic of Southern China. In The Cambridge World Prehistory, pp. 769 69. Underhill AP (1997) Current Issues in Chinese Neolithic Archaeology, Journal of World Prehistory, 11(2), pp. 142 70. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 501 71. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 155-157, 160 72. Jiao (2006) Lun Kuahuqiao wenhua de laiyuan [Discussion on the Origins of the Kuahuqiao Culture]. In Wenwu, ZhejiangshengYanjiusuo, Kaogu (ed.) Zhejiang sheng Wenwu Kaogu Yanjiusuo Xuekan, pp. 372-9 73. Wang J (2021) Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China, PLOS ONE, 16(8), pp. 1-16 74. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 546-548 75. Cohen DJ (2011) The Beginnings of Agriculture in China -A Multiregional View, Current Anthropology, 52(4), pp. S285 76. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 503 77. Mc Govern PE et al. (2004) Fermented beverages of pre- and proto-historic China, PNAS, 101(51), 17593-17598 78. Liu L et al. (2019) The origins of specialized pottery and diverse alcohol fermentation techniques in Early Neolithic China. PNAS Latest Articles, 1-8 79. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 16-17 80. Li F (pp. 17-20) Early China - A Social and Cultural History, pp. 17-21 81. Yin R et al. (2008) Preliminary Study of Prehistoric Human Migration Based on Sr Isotope Analysis from Remains at Jiahu, Quaternary Sciences, 28(1), pp. 50-57 82. Lee RB (1968) What Hunters Do for a Living, or, How to Make Out on Scarce Resources. In Man the Hunter, pp. 30-48 83. Boserup E (1965) The Conditions of Agricultural Growth - The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure. 84. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 183-185 85. Binford L (1968) Post Pleistocene Adaptations. In New Perspectives in Archaeology, pp. 313-42 86. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 182-183 87. Li X (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 117-131
The be "scholarly" this would benefit from timestamps; either of all citations, or first citation. Nonetheless this is better citation than nearly all RUclips history videos.
Thank you for all the incredible work you put into your documentaries! And thank you for your comprehensive list of citations. Really gives us reading material.
Minor correction folks, I mistakenly say at 0:46 that the woman was holding the bone of a stork. As noted elsewhere this would actually have been the bone of a crane, apologies for the mistake.
Hope more people see this. It's always appreciated when creators acknowledge their mistakes and provide corrections, especially in the historical/education space. Thank you.
Ancient Native American history and ancient Chinese history have always been fascinations of mine that aren’t typically covered. This is perfect for me
I just finished the book 1491: Americas Before Columbus. It's so amazing to me that basically no one knows about the massive societies that existed in South and North America. The book provides evidence that there were millions of people living in communities in the Americas. At least in US schools, we really only learned about the Native American Tribes, Columbus, and the Spanish. The culture and people that lived here are basically unknown to most people living here now.
@@ScorpionXXXVII Maybe it's the history program at my school, but I learned a LOT about ancient America in my history classes in high school?? I can remember that the Olmec, Toltec, Maya, Aztec/Mexica, Norte Chico, Moche, Inca, Zapotec, Choco, Mississippian, Ancestral Pueblo (known then as Anasazi), Quechua, and I'm sure a number of others I've forgotten were mentioned, if not studied in-depth. It seems pretty well-known that Pre-Columbian America supported large cultures, I even remember reading that Tenochtitlán was among the largest cities in the world by population in the 1500s. I'm really sorry the school system failed you in this way :( But I'm glad we have cool people like you who enjoy learning about indigenous history!
China was colonized just like America and 93 other countries. There are over 40 Million indigenous people in China today. India has 100 Million Indigenous.
Me too! There are endless stories to tell. I know the major historical events and Empires get the most attention, but these small stories and details are needed. Always love to learn new things.
We hear so much about the cradle of civilization in mesopotamia, but I know remarkably little about the origins of the Chinese civilizations. I must admit, I sort of lump Chinese history into pre-Mao and post-Mao, and despite the time scale, I know about the same about both.
Hey, I'm not sure if you have read it, but the book Farmers of Forty Centuries by F. H. King is a must read. In 1900, the author, a British Agriculturalist, traveled China, Japan and Korea. One of his notes is how farmers harvested ripe grains by pulling the plant from the soil. They'd rinse, cut off and dry the root ball. This explains many points about farming. One, lack of grain harvesting tools. They just used a knife, not a scythe or sickle. No roots in soil meant less need to till the soil. And the roots were used for cooking fuel. Fast and hot, which is believed to be a reason wok cooking became prominent. I recommend the Dover Publications version as it has many of his original photos.
0:51 those amazing early flutes were made of crane shinbone, not stork. It is significant, because the crane was probably an important totem, traces of which survive to this day in a specific affinity between cranes and Confucian scholars.
Your videos are great quality TheHistocrat, especially with the muck on RUclips these days. I love the smooth, academic, researched fully referenced anthropology. I'm midway through, looking forward to seeing more of this series!
Hello, I also have the same feeling. RUclips, X, Tiktok and other platforms are full of political brainwashing garbage, as are Reddit and Quora. It's very hard to find gold in SH1T, which makes me tired.
I always wondered how much the distant folk memory of these ancient cultures influenced the much later dynastic historians' accounts of the Xia Dynasty and Five Divine Emperors. Also, the music in this episode is particularly lovely, really sets the scene of Neolithic asia.
This is traditional Chinese rural music, mainly composed of 笛/flute, 萧/Xiao, 埙/Xun. I have been thinking about when there will be fanatical Korean and Japanese nationalists who claim to have created these things.
I think that the “curse” that agriculture brought onto humanity(social classes, organized labor, land ownership, famine, pandemics, patriarchy, etc.), is what the Bible is talking about when it tells the story of Adam and Eve being cursed after eating the forbidden fruit. Maybe the forbidden fruit was the first domesticated plant variety.
48:50 it could be plague that kept life expectancy low in sedentary cultures. Besides faster transmission, they were living closely with their livestock often in the same structures. I'm guessing most acute respiratory diseases wouldn't leave any evidence in skeletal remains, either.
It was an informative and wonderful historical coverage episode about Chinese berth ( 7000-5000 ) BCE in Neolithic and Parathilic...thank you for sharing
I have been waiting eagerly for this since finishing the first episode when it came out last year. Thank you so much for this! Appreciate all your effort ❤
I remember when they found a house that was filled with small clay figurines of all sorts, typical archeologists, they immediately thought it was some sacred ritual place to sacrifice whatever the figurine represented. Later when someone looked at the figurines under a microscope, they noticed that the fingerprints on them were particularly small, child sized... they had discovered a neolithic kindergarten 🤦🏻 Grangran was making clay figures with the kids while the mums and dads went hunting and foraging.
Me too, and then I always rewatch it while I'm awake so I can actually watch the full thing. But always after I fall asleep to it first so I don't remember anything from it, keeps me from sleeping.
I was lucky to be able to visit the Henan Museum, which displays many of the Jiahu site artifacts, including a flute made from a cranes upper arm bone and some of the earliest Chinese characters (though not yet writing) on turtle plastrons, the flat portion of shell.
Prehistoric and early ancient China has really caught my interest as of late because it's fascinating just how different that world is compared to modern or historical China. I mean, human activity since this time has heavily altered the landscape, especially in the North, and a lot of the amazing animals and plants these people lived alongside are basically gone now, which is a crying shame.
HYPE! Please do Vietnam, Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Tibet, Thailand, Laos, and India in the same way as this series! This is my favorite historical documentary series right now!
1:58 Earliest Chinese flutes were played vertically like the modern Xiao or Japanese Shakuhachi. Horizontal flutes became popular from about 500-200 BC.
There are countless intriguing tales concealed within China's past just waiting to be discovered! 'The Birth of China' film takes viewers on an enthralling tour of China's complex past, illuminating the country's long and storied past and its deep cultural legacy. For anybody interested in learning more about this extraordinary culture, this is an absolute must-watch.
How was researching it effected by language barrier (unless you speak chinese). Is their much translated into english? Looking foward to watching the video ,keep up the good work
Does anyone know if there is any way to get ahold of map he was using? I’m trying to start a dnd campaign that runs through the Stone Age to the modern era and I need maps to go with the info I have from these videos🙏🏼🙏🏼
Domestication isn't an on-off switch either. Probably for a long time there were just a bunch of chickens living off of the primary refuse, and they got kind of chill about being around people over the generations. That could happen with occasional, gradual progress for a long time.
One of the issues I think in drawing a conclusion about domesticated chickens is that if a village has pigs that are not totally contained...well pigs love to eat chickens and who can blame them. 🙂 Dogs as well. That might tend to slow down the domestication of chickens a bit. Love these videos!
In India there is state called Arunachal Pradesh where cultivataion of millets was an indiginious practice since early generation but now it is slowly declining and less popular. Now it is high time to encourage millet cultivation and revolutinized.
@@RennmausG0ttes thank you for bothering. but I can't find the "comments".. when I click on the downward chevron I get the description but no list of sources...?
I think what drove early farming more than anything was beer. I don't think anything else would make the extra work and lower overall quality of life worth it.
What is bearable and comfortable is entirely relative to our previous experiences, what would be considered hellish for us could be normal for them and what we take for granted could be rare luxuries that would be cherished memories. The people of the future will probably look back to our time and wonder how we endured and didn't just off ourselves from the strain, just like we view our past.
비록 인류문명이 나중에는 농업이 일반적인 것이 되었음에도 농업의 초기 신석기 시대에는 농업의존도가 더 적은 수렵채집 집단이 농업의존도가 더 높은 집단보다 더 건강하고 노동으로부터도 자유로웟다는 것이 너무나도 놀랍다. 농업으로 섭취하게 된 과도한 탄수화물이 나쁜 건강의 주원인이고 수명까지도 좌우했다니!
Different Chinese history as British is that vast land of China is playing ground of archeology discovery, series "cultures" unearthed one after another along the millenniums.
China has 5 thousand years history from the first emperor Chin Chi Huang to the last emperor Pu Yi then Sun Yat San became China's first president to now its President Shi .
Sarah Allan claims the Mandate’s precursor can be traced to the Zhou plotting to overthrow the Shang based on a prehistoric supernova, as a sign from the ancestors.
I love Chinese ppl, culture, Creed and food. The only thing that makes me really upset is that even these days they r still eating dogs. But this new generations r changing it by saying no more eating dogs. Im with them. Anyway... Thats interesting how they have kept their culture and costumes to these days... Awesome. I live learning about other cultures. Xo
Sources for today's episode (in order of appearance):
1. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 30-37
2. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 231-235
3. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 166 (Kindle Edition)
4. 1. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 125
5. Underhill AP (2013) Introduction: Investigating the Development and Nature of Complex Societies in Ancient China. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 5
6. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 141-142
7. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 133
8. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 138
9. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 150
10. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129
11. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-151
12. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 172-182
13. Wang F (2013) The Houli and Beixin Cultures. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 389-399
14. Shelach G and Teng M (2013) Earlier Neolithic Economic and Social Systems of the Liao River Region, Northeast China. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 39-50
15. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 166-18 (Kindle Edition)
16. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 186-210 (Kindle Edition)
17. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 144-148
18. Zhang J and Cui Q (2013) The Jiahu Site in the Huai River Area. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 194-200
19. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 235
20. Li X (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 43
21. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-131
22. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 1391
23. Schelach G (2000) The Earliest Neolithic Cultures of Northeast China: Recent Discoveries and New Perspectives on the Beginning of Agriculture, Journal of World Prehistory, 14(4), pp. 401
24. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-133
25. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 147-148
26. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 135-139
27. Schiffer MB (1976) Behavioural Archaeology, pp. 30-33
28. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 98-102, 127-152
29. Underhill AP (ed.) (2013) A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 42-45, 173-177, 390-392
30. Xiang H et al. (2014) Early Holocene chicken domestication in northern China, PNAS, 11(49), pp. 17564-9
31. Chow BS (1981) The animal remains discovered at Cishan village, Wu’an, Hebei province, Acta Archaeologia Sinica, 3, 339-347
32. Lu H (2009) Earliest domestication of common millet (Panicum miliaceum) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago, PNAS, 106(18), 7367-7372
33. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 133-134
34. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 173-174
35. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 183-185
36. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 72-73, 127-128, 166-67
37. Kobayashi T (2003) Jomon Reflections, pp. 85-86.
38. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 127-152
39. Cohen DJ et al. (2017) The emergence of pottery in China: Recent dating of two early pottery cave sites in South China, Quaternary International, pp. 36-48
40. Boaretto E et al. (2009) Radiocarbon dating of charcoal and bone collagen associated with early pottery at Yuchanyan Cave, Hunan Province, China, PNAS 106, 9595-9600
41. Wu X et al. (2012) Early Pottery at 20,000 Years Ago in Xianrendong Cave, China, Science 336, pp. 1696-1700
42. Lu TL-D (2011) Early Pottery in South China, Asian Perspectives 49(1), pp. 1-42
43. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 64-70
44. 20. Xinwei L (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 31-50
45. Liu L (2007) Early Figurations in China: Ideological, Social and Ecological Implications. In Image and Imagination, pp. 271-279
46. Cohen D (2011) The Beginnings of Agriculture in China: A Multiregional View, S273-285
47. Underhill AP (ed.) (2013) A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 41-42, 179-182, 397-398
48. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 144-147
49. Smith BL (2005) Diet, health, and lifestyle in Neolithic North China, Unpublished PhD Thesis.
50. Pilcher HR (2003) Earliest Handwriting Found? Nature
51. Li X et al. (2003) The earliest writing? Sign use in the seventh millennium BC at Jiahu, Henan Province, China, Antiquity, 77(295), 31-44
52. Zhang J et al. (2004) The early development of music. Analysis of the Jiahu bone flutes, Antiquity, 78(302), 769-778
53. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 177
54. Zhang J and Cui Q (2013) The Jiahu Site in the Huai River Area. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 202, 207-209
55. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 152-160
56. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 497-509
57. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 537-554
58. Cohen DJ (2014) The Neolithic of Southern China. In The Cambridge World Prehistory, pp. 766-769, 772-773
59. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 243-244
60. Wang J (2021) Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China, PLOS ONE, 16(8), pp. 1
61. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 546-548
62. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 172
63. Han J (2012) “The Painted Pottery Road” and Early Sino-Western Cultural Exchanges, ANABASIS. STUDIA CLASSICA ET ORIENTALIA, 3, pp. 27 - Note: The claim by this paper that Baijia’s painted pottery is the earliest in China has been overturned by more recent excavations, see reference no. 60
64. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 500
65. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 154
66. Crawford GW and Shen C (1998) The Origins of Rice Agriculture: Recent Progress in East Asia, Antiquity, 72(278), pp. 862
67. Chen S and Yu PL (2017) Early “Neolithics” of China: Variation and Evolutionary Implications, Journal of Anthropological Research, 73(2), pp. 161-164
68. Cohen DJ (2014) The Neolithic of Southern China. In The Cambridge World Prehistory, pp. 769
69. Underhill AP (1997) Current Issues in Chinese Neolithic Archaeology, Journal of World Prehistory, 11(2), pp. 142
70. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 501
71. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 155-157, 160
72. Jiao (2006) Lun Kuahuqiao wenhua de laiyuan [Discussion on the Origins of the Kuahuqiao Culture]. In Wenwu, ZhejiangshengYanjiusuo, Kaogu (ed.) Zhejiang sheng Wenwu Kaogu Yanjiusuo Xuekan, pp. 372-9
73. Wang J (2021) Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China, PLOS ONE, 16(8), pp. 1-16
74. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 546-548
75. Cohen DJ (2011) The Beginnings of Agriculture in China -A Multiregional View, Current Anthropology, 52(4), pp. S285
76. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 503
77. Mc Govern PE et al. (2004) Fermented beverages of pre- and proto-historic China, PNAS, 101(51), 17593-17598
78. Liu L et al. (2019) The origins of specialized pottery and diverse alcohol fermentation techniques in Early Neolithic China. PNAS Latest Articles, 1-8
79. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 16-17
80. Li F (pp. 17-20) Early China - A Social and Cultural History, pp. 17-21
81. Yin R et al. (2008) Preliminary Study of Prehistoric Human Migration Based on Sr Isotope Analysis from Remains at Jiahu, Quaternary Sciences, 28(1), pp. 50-57
82. Lee RB (1968) What Hunters Do for a Living, or, How to Make Out on Scarce Resources. In Man the Hunter, pp. 30-48
83. Boserup E (1965) The Conditions of Agricultural Growth - The Economics of Agrarian Change
under Population Pressure.
84. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 183-185
85. Binford L (1968) Post Pleistocene Adaptations. In New Perspectives in Archaeology, pp. 313-42
86. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 182-183
87. Li X (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 117-131
TY for always putting out videos I can actually relax & enjoy, without wondering how much of what I'm watching is BS 😅
Shang dynasty was founded by kemetic afrakans
Thanks for putting In the work to produce this for us to enjoy. Great stuff! Subscribed!
The be "scholarly" this would benefit from timestamps; either of all citations, or first citation. Nonetheless this is better citation than nearly all RUclips history videos.
Thank you for all the incredible work you put into your documentaries! And thank you for your comprehensive list of citations. Really gives us reading material.
Minor correction folks, I mistakenly say at 0:46 that the woman was holding the bone of a stork. As noted elsewhere this would actually have been the bone of a crane, apologies for the mistake.
Hope more people see this. It's always appreciated when creators acknowledge their mistakes and provide corrections, especially in the historical/education space. Thank you.
Appreciate the updates
Your apologies accepted.
Another mistake, it should be Beifudi, not Beifuidi
Ancient Native American history and ancient Chinese history have always been fascinations of mine that aren’t typically covered. This is perfect for me
I just finished the book 1491: Americas Before Columbus. It's so amazing to me that basically no one knows about the massive societies that existed in South and North America. The book provides evidence that there were millions of people living in communities in the Americas. At least in US schools, we really only learned about the Native American Tribes, Columbus, and the Spanish. The culture and people that lived here are basically unknown to most people living here now.
@@ScorpionXXXVII Maybe it's the history program at my school, but I learned a LOT about ancient America in my history classes in high school?? I can remember that the Olmec, Toltec, Maya, Aztec/Mexica, Norte Chico, Moche, Inca, Zapotec, Choco, Mississippian, Ancestral Pueblo (known then as Anasazi), Quechua, and I'm sure a number of others I've forgotten were mentioned, if not studied in-depth. It seems pretty well-known that Pre-Columbian America supported large cultures, I even remember reading that Tenochtitlán was among the largest cities in the world by population in the 1500s.
I'm really sorry the school system failed you in this way :( But I'm glad we have cool people like you who enjoy learning about indigenous history!
China was colonized just like America and 93 other countries. There are over 40 Million indigenous people in China today. India has 100 Million Indigenous.
@@daveistrading the han are the indigenous though
@@ScorpionXXXVII what's the title??
I love when less covered eras get detailed videos. Thank you 🙏
Me too! There are endless stories to tell. I know the major historical events and Empires get the most attention, but these small stories and details are needed. Always love to learn new things.
So many stories about Europe, even as a European you're done with it at some point. This was extremely interesting!
We hear so much about the cradle of civilization in mesopotamia, but I know remarkably little about the origins of the Chinese civilizations. I must admit, I sort of lump Chinese history into pre-Mao and post-Mao, and despite the time scale, I know about the same about both.
Hey, I'm not sure if you have read it, but the book Farmers of Forty Centuries by F. H. King is a must read. In 1900, the author, a British Agriculturalist, traveled China, Japan and Korea. One of his notes is how farmers harvested ripe grains by pulling the plant from the soil. They'd rinse, cut off and dry the root ball. This explains many points about farming. One, lack of grain harvesting tools. They just used a knife, not a scythe or sickle. No roots in soil meant less need to till the soil. And the roots were used for cooking fuel. Fast and hot, which is believed to be a reason wok cooking became prominent. I recommend the Dover Publications version as it has many of his original photos.
Interesting, thank you.
@@HansWurst1569I agree 💯
Removing the roots reduces soil carbon and mineral nutrients (latter return if their ashes are mixed with compost & used to fertilize the soil)
As a farmer from India who cultivated both wheat and rice
I can confirm that you can't use a scythe in paddy fields it will result in loss of grain
@@charleshash4919 the river will bring more nutrients regardless so it's fine.
0:51 those amazing early flutes were made of crane shinbone, not stork. It is significant, because the crane was probably an important totem, traces of which survive to this day in a specific affinity between cranes and Confucian scholars.
Pit dwellers
@marshalmarrs3269 鶴舞?
@marshalmarrs3269 幸福的小船/A happy little boat, The BGM of the TV drama "风再起时/When the Wind Rises Again"，Player: 马上又/MA SHANG YOU
The Druids' main bag where they carried their most import items is called a "Crane Bag" because it was originally made from Crane skin.
Your videos are great quality TheHistocrat, especially with the muck on RUclips these days. I love the smooth, academic, researched fully referenced anthropology. I'm midway through, looking forward to seeing more of this series!
Hello, I also have the same feeling. RUclips, X, Tiktok and other platforms are full of political brainwashing garbage, as are Reddit and Quora. It's very hard to find gold in SH1T, which makes me tired.
I always wondered how much the distant folk memory of these ancient cultures influenced the much later dynastic historians' accounts of the Xia Dynasty and Five Divine Emperors. Also, the music in this episode is particularly lovely, really sets the scene of Neolithic asia.
O yes very nice music and beautiful drawings
This is traditional Chinese rural music, mainly composed of 笛/flute, 萧/Xiao, 埙/Xun. I have been thinking about when there will be fanatical Korean and Japanese nationalists who claim to have created these things.
Ancestor: *invents tilling fields*
Ancestors ankles: "excuse me wtf"
Or ancestor's?
Yea that what he said...@BigSnipp
I think that the “curse” that agriculture brought onto humanity(social classes, organized labor, land ownership, famine, pandemics, patriarchy, etc.), is what the Bible is talking about when it tells the story of Adam and Eve being cursed after eating the forbidden fruit. Maybe the forbidden fruit was the first domesticated plant variety.
@@RealVedicAstrology🤦
patriarchy is still superior to matriarchy.@@RealVedicAstrology
48:50 it could be plague that kept life expectancy low in sedentary cultures. Besides faster transmission, they were living closely with their livestock often in the same structures. I'm guessing most acute respiratory diseases wouldn't leave any evidence in skeletal remains, either.
Fantastic content. As a Chinese, I actually think that all human beings have one ancestor.
Science agrees with you, she was African
As a Spanish, that's beyond reasonable doubt
Adam and Eve@@victorperezurbano9504
every living thing on earth have one ancestor.
Adam and Eve@@victorperezurbano9504
It was an informative and wonderful historical coverage episode about Chinese berth ( 7000-5000 ) BCE in Neolithic and Parathilic...thank you for sharing
I'm not even that interested in Chinese history, yet here I am learning about its pre-history. Amazing channel.
Commenting for the algorithm, as this one is seriously underrated and the next episode comes out this week
I have been waiting eagerly for this since finishing the first episode when it came out last year. Thank you so much for this! Appreciate all your effort ❤
Babe wake up we HAVE to watch this immediately
Literally me shaking my wife awake this morning to show her Ettore's artwork featured in this video.
6 hours ago Luke died a horrible death, his crime was waking up his wife to watch a video.... we shall mourn his passing.
@@augustoch.7341the art is amazing!
Why is everyone's gf always sleeping 😅
@@JacobthejewelaThey be hibernating creatures lad.
Ich habe mich sehr auf die Fortsetzung dieser wunderbaren Reihe gefreut, ich werde sie verschlingen. Grüße aus Brasilien 🇧🇷🇧🇷
Ja wohl
22:10 I think it's funny how childrens toys don't seem to exist in the minds of many archaeologists.
I remember when they found a house that was filled with small clay figurines of all sorts, typical archeologists, they immediately thought it was some sacred ritual place to sacrifice whatever the figurine represented.
Later when someone looked at the figurines under a microscope, they noticed that the fingerprints on them were particularly small, child sized... they had discovered a neolithic kindergarten 🤦🏻
Grangran was making clay figures with the kids while the mums and dads went hunting and foraging.
Kids have been playing with action figures for millennia
entertainment was mentioned which is a catch all term but I do agree archaeologists have biases in the way they interpret data.
@@chubbydinosaur9148 what the hell that’s actually so sweet.
Your videos are amazing. I always get excited when I see an upload. I legit watch them over and over 😅
謝謝！
This is absolutely superb. Please, continue to do more historical videos such as this
Thank you for your work. You have a great sense of what makes a video like this good.
Yes happy to see an upload! Thanks to all involved.
Great stuff, Charles! Fascinating and just at the right time too. Thanks!
Always happy to see an upload from you.
Love China content. Really looking forward to your next Druid video.
Dude this is awesome I've been waiting for this
I love falling asleep to your videos, so soothing and interesting!
Me too, and then I always rewatch it while I'm awake so I can actually watch the full thing. But always after I fall asleep to it first so I don't remember anything from it, keeps me from sleeping.
@@michellejnickel I like to think that I subconsciously absorb the knowledge from the videos, but when rewatching that's not the case at all haha
I was waiting for this since the first one dropped. I'm a happy man, thank you
Thanks!
Yes!
Been waiting for this one, so thank you Histocrat!
Comma Histocrat.
I was lucky to be able to visit the Henan Museum, which displays many of the Jiahu site artifacts, including a flute made from a cranes upper arm bone and some of the earliest Chinese characters (though not yet writing) on turtle plastrons, the flat portion of shell.
所以可以确定音乐的起源比文字更早，来自贾湖的骨笛和刻符的惊人的发现。
Millet, Idiomes Tourque, Ça Veut Dire, Nations. China, Ce Sont Originaire,Peupladé La Familles Tourque Touranienne, Voila La Familles,Et Millet Tourque Touranienne, Tartares, Scyhtes, Sarmates, Mançour, Tounguz, Huns,Kore, Birman, Siam, Laos, Khmer, Nepal, Tibet, Assam, Bhutan, Dravidienne, Indus, Bengal, Malez.Caucase, Ougro Finnos, Lapon,Etc. Ce Peupladé Ce Sont Montagnaire, Et Amazonienne, Parenté Peuplade Amerique L'indien. Peupladé Tourque Touranienne, Ce Sont Parenté Et Mix.Merci Beaucoup.
Interesting series. Enjoyed.
Excellent! Been looking forward to this one!
Love the artwork
Tava precisando dum vídeo seu pra ficar feliz
This channel is such a hidden gem
Seriously
Yes! Thank you for another great video
Enjoyed it at 80% speed.
Extra time to mentally absorb each word.
Prehistoric and early ancient China has really caught my interest as of late because it's fascinating just how different that world is compared to modern or historical China. I mean, human activity since this time has heavily altered the landscape, especially in the North, and a lot of the amazing animals and plants these people lived alongside are basically gone now, which is a crying shame.
You my friend never disappoint
Its 4:30am here in NZ... Thank goodness for occasional insomnia.
5:30am here in Canada, same
Fascinating and informative to say the least ❤ loved the this!
Another great video.❤
HYPE! Please do Vietnam, Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Tibet, Thailand, Laos, and India in the same way as this series! This is my favorite historical documentary series right now!
Criminally under watched. For the algorithm!
I can't wait another 8 months for the next video, I'm so excited!
"The only way to do it justice was to split it across multiple individual videos"
Yees.. YEEESS!!
In 1755 Samuel Johnson published the first dictionary of the English language. At that time, the first Chinese dictionary was already 2000 years old.
This stuff is so cool. Thanks for making this story.
Another video to add to my constant re watch list
Very good information. Thanks you for sharing. I learned a lot about China.
Have been reading up on the beginning of agriculture in China...Great to see a documentary on this period
Awesome podcast! I listen too while i sleep
❤ yay!!! I so look forward to these documentaries
1:58 Earliest Chinese flutes were played vertically like the modern Xiao or Japanese Shakuhachi. Horizontal flutes became popular from about 500-200 BC.
There are countless intriguing tales concealed within China's past just waiting to be discovered! 'The Birth of China' film takes viewers on an enthralling tour of China's complex past, illuminating the country's long and storied past and its deep cultural legacy. For anybody interested in learning more about this extraordinary culture, this is an absolute must-watch.
Fine work. 👌🏼
As an enjoyer of rice and millet, i cant see anything else as a bigger win
Oh my god it’s Christmas! I know what I’m doing this evening 😊
My GOD HISTOCRAT DROPPED!!
How was researching it effected by language barrier (unless you speak chinese). Is their much translated into english? Looking foward to watching the video ,keep up the good work
Does anyone know if there is any way to get ahold of map he was using? I’m trying to start a dnd campaign that runs through the Stone Age to the modern era and I need maps to go with the info I have from these videos🙏🏼🙏🏼
I found you by accident but based on the algorithm, I was bound to find you, sooner or later. Thank you
Good stuff. Many thanks.
Ahh, I remember when these events happened. I was much younger then
Queen Elizabeth, is you texting from the grave?
We had such better music back then!
I see new histocrat video, i press like
Domestication isn't an on-off switch either. Probably for a long time there were just a bunch of chickens living off of the primary refuse, and they got kind of chill about being around people over the generations. That could happen with occasional, gradual progress for a long time.
Hey I just visited the Hangzhou museum mentioned in the video, it’s not much but it Does have a interesting architectural design
I love this channel
You must like and support it, it’s so beautiful. I’m also learning from you, shooting some works about China and posting them to my channel.
Why didnt you cover the mamoth and saber tooth battles?
What happened to Crofty? I love your videos!!
Once a hunter gatherer gets a taste of beer, and don't have to walk hundreds of miles?
Shall I grind your grain for another pot of beer?
love this
When will the next part be up????
One of the issues I think in drawing a conclusion about domesticated chickens is that if a village has pigs that are not totally contained...well pigs love to eat chickens and who can blame them. 🙂 Dogs as well. That might tend to slow down the domestication of chickens a bit. Love these videos!
The art is superb. Who is the author. Is there link to this artist?
Check the description, it has two links
THEY’RE BACK
6:52 - I didn't know that China had its own Doggerland. Very interesting!
1:52 why doenst the neanderthal join in with some mozart from europe for the nice modern restaurant style chinese music
♥
ok mom?? wowowowowow wow. so hot only @arianagrande . please thx love
In India there is state called Arunachal Pradesh where cultivataion of millets was an indiginious practice since early generation but now it is slowly declining and less popular. Now it is high time to encourage millet cultivation and revolutinized.
That was fascinating!! I've got an idea about why farming became a thing, alas, I'm not an academic..
These are soooooo good!!!!!
what do the numbers on your pictures refer to? thanx.
It is citing the sources he uses for each statement made. Sources in his comment.
@@RennmausG0ttes thank you for bothering. but I can't find the "comments".. when I click on the downward chevron I get the description but no list of sources...?
@@CultureTripGuide-HilmarHWernerscroll to the first comment of them all.
@@CultureTripGuide-HilmarHWernerOf course, mister. The pinned/top comment with the sources is on the comment section, you can find it scrolling down.
@@RennmausG0ttes thanx!! got it! (but why doesn't he put this list into the description?)
Where did you get that music which was played on the start
As a Taoist I agree with the slow trap hypothesis, with hunters being seduced by carbohydrates and crafts.
I think what drove early farming more than anything was beer. I don't think anything else would make the extra work and lower overall quality of life worth it.
You forgot about opium.. And food in general. We're definitely all addicted to staying alive😅
What is bearable and comfortable is entirely relative to our previous experiences, what would be considered hellish for us could be normal for them and what we take for granted could be rare luxuries that would be cherished memories. The people of the future will probably look back to our time and wonder how we endured and didn't just off ourselves from the strain, just like we view our past.
@47:22 - Why? Because the carbohydrates are *addictive.* 😳
비록 인류문명이 나중에는 농업이 일반적인 것이 되었음에도
농업의 초기 신석기 시대에는 농업의존도가 더 적은 수렵채집 집단이 농업의존도가 더 높은 집단보다 더 건강하고 노동으로부터도 자유로웟다는 것이 너무나도 놀랍다.
농업으로 섭취하게 된 과도한 탄수화물이 나쁜 건강의 주원인이고 수명까지도 좌우했다니!
Thank you.
And the voice goes up at the end of SENTENCES
The first rice found in the Gangetic valley came from a Chinese variety long before 7000 bc.
Thank you
Different Chinese history as British is that vast land of China is playing ground of archeology discovery, series "cultures" unearthed one after another along the millenniums.
China has 5 thousand years history from the first emperor Chin Chi Huang to the last emperor Pu Yi then Sun Yat San became China's first president to now its President Shi .
When did they acquire the Mandate of Heaven though
Sarah Allan claims the Mandate’s precursor can be traced to the Zhou plotting to overthrow the Shang based on a prehistoric supernova, as a sign from the ancestors.
The boatman in the thumbnail saying hi to us. 😊
Lol
I love Chinese ppl, culture, Creed and food.
The only thing that makes me really upset is that even these days they r still eating dogs.
But this new generations r changing it by saying no more eating dogs.
Im with them.
Anyway... Thats interesting how they have kept their culture and costumes to these days...
Awesome. I live learning about other cultures.
Xo
Mainly in some parts of China