2. Reflective-Reflective Higher Order Construct/Second Order Analysis and Reporting in SmartPLS
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- Опубликовано: 21 авг 2024
- The session discusses in detail the Concept of Reflective-Reflective Higher-Order Construct. Further, the video also guides on how to test, analyze, and report a Higher Order Reflective-Reflective model using the Disjoint Two-Stage Approach. Both Measurement Model (Reliability and Validity for Lower and Higher Order Constructs) and Structural Model (Hypothesis Testing) are discussed.
For Notes, please visit
researchwithfa...
#HIgherOrderConstructs #SecondOrderConstruct #ReflectiveReflectiveConstruct #ValididateHigherOrderModel #ValidateReflectiveReflectiveHigherOrderConstruct #SMARTPLS #Publications #ImpactFactor #academicresearch #dataanalysis #PhD #StructuralEquationModelling
![21. Higher Order Model [Reflective-Formative] in SmartPLS-4 || Dr. Dhaval Maheta](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/civyVao6NJI/mqdefault.jpg)
You are my savior. I was researching a framework that is exactly like the one in this video, but I had not known how to carry it out until I discovered this video of yours
Thanks for watching.
Me too! This video saved my research.
Your video is very helpful for my undergraduate thesis, sir! At first I really struggled with second-order sem-pls until I finally found this video. I am greatly helped by your very easy to understand explanation. Your lecturing skill is outstanding. Really appreciate it. Keep on doing this!✨
Glad it helped. Best of Luck
My heartfelt and sincere thanks for such an outstanding video ... You are indeed a great teacher. This has really helped me a lot .
Thanks. I am glad it was helpful. Please do circulate the channel in your research circle.
@@researchwithfawad yes surely. Thanks for your response.
You are appreciated for making such an outstanding video lecture on the mentioned model.
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
You have an excellent simple waey of explaining very difficult subject. Thank you so much
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
Excellently explained. The use of MS Word file helped extensively in understanding the reporting of results. Thank you for uploading this video.
Thanks. I am glad you liked it
Your contribution is greatly appreciated, Sir
Thank you. I am glad you liked it.
Excellent Explanation dear Sir. Helping a lot to me and giving me energy to work it out practically and cultivate one paper on it. Thanks a lot. Sir. ...👍👍
Thanks for watching.
Very helpful video sir, Thanks a lot for your efforts.
Thanks. I am glad you liked it
Thank you so much for the useful video. Your explanation is very clear. Please make more vodeos!
More to come! Thanks.
Wonderful explanation. Thanks a lot.
Glad it was helpful!
Very helpful!. Thank you Sir. 🎉👍
Glad it was helpful!
Very helpful video,thanks sir
Thanks. I ma glad you liked it.
Great sir! I am currently working on mobile service quality and continuance intention of mobile banking adoption: Mediating Role of satisfaction. I was searching for reporting and calculating stage. Thank you for your videos. God bless you always!
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
excellent presentation, Thanks for sharing
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
Thank you sir.... please also make video about other types as well. JazakAllah
Inshaa allah soon. Working on Reflective-Formative type.
Thank you so much for this video. Pls advise - i have three IV (one is multidimensional) and one mediation var (also multidimensional) and one DV. I used second order construct for both the multidimensional constructs but found that there are HTMT and VIF issues between the dimensions in the lower order construct. Is that normal (since they belong to dimensions of the same construct - won't they naturally have discriminant validity and multicollinearity issues)? Should we test for discriminant validity and multicollinearity between dimensions of the same construct? Thank you, Sir.
Thanks. I am glad you liked it. Yes, Construct Reliability and Validity has to be established at both higher and lower leverl.
Such a great explanation of the concepts and process... A2Z
I just had a doubt... do we make Hypothesis for determinants like in this case for example H: ECC is a significant determinant of CSR
And show that we accept this Hypothesis
Thanks for watching. There is no need for such a hypothesis.
Hi, Thank you very much for a clear and well-detailed explanation. Could you please share the word document you used to do the explanations?
Thanks for watching.
Thank you very much, prof. for this video, in existing of mediation what is the difference between path coefficient and total effect? the first was nonsignificant and the second was significant.
Pleasure. I m glad you liked it.
Please watch this video
ruclips.net/video/8lDwmMF9aN8/видео.html
Thank you for your helpful video. May I ask a question; if the model consist of third-order construct(Reflective-Reflective-Reflective), What are the adequate steps to establish the third order construct?
1- After using the LV scores obtained from the first order construct as indicators of the second order construct, do I need to model the second order construct with all other variables (without including the third-order construct) and then use these LV scores as indicators for the third order construct?
2. If Yes, Do I need to reporting the results of the reliability and validity in every step (in the first, second and third order construct) or after assessing the reflective first-order constructs we move directly to the assessment of the reflective third order construct?
Thank u in advance.
1. Yes, use the LV scores to model second order with the other variables and then use them at third level as well.
2. Yes report all results it is best to do it this way.
@@researchwithfawad Thank you so much for ur reply.
Great work sir, thanks so much for uploading such a useful video, I really appreciate your effort. I have a question regarding 3rd order reflective reflective construct, As you explained for the second-order construct we take latent variables from the first stage or lower order and use these latent variables to establish second-order construct, similarly for the third-order construct we will take latent variables after running PLS Algotherm using second-order constructs and will use these latent variables from second order and use to establish higher third-order construct, this is the procedure sir? Please correct me if I am wrong, waiting for your positive response. Secondly can you please make a video or share any article about how to check multiple moderators on a single IV and DV relationship in Smart PLS? JazzakALLAH
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
Use the same procedure, for third order use LVS from second order to serve as indicator for third order. You will need to generate LVSs twice, once for first then for second level to serve as indicator for third.
As for multiple moderation, see this video
ruclips.net/video/S7_37sMSDno/видео.html
For a complex model, watch
ruclips.net/video/l4B5g2VyUtw/видео.html
@@researchwithfawad Thanks so much for your positive feedback. JazzakALLAH
Sir, I have another question regarding the third-order construct. when we check reliability and validity at lower order (first-order) in the first stage, the relationship between factors and dependent variable should be significant for all factors? Because when I run a construct at higher-order its relationship with DV is significant while when I check the direct relationship in the first step at factor level few factors have significant relationships with DV while few are insignificant at the same time their reliability and validity indicators are okay and significant. Please guide me, jazzakALLAH
Aoa, sir. first i want to say thanks for such a nice video on higher order structural model and second i have a question that may we have a higher fourth-order construct, if yes then should we follow the same process you showed in the video???? Please let me know when you check my comments. Jazaka"ALLAH
Dr, thanks a lot, this video saves the struggle a lot. Very comprehensive and easy to understand.
My model is 3rd higher-level construct reflective-formative model; indicator
Thanks for watching. Please read this paper
Artificial intelligence capability: Conceptualization, measurement
calibration, and empirical study on its impact on organizational creativity
and firm performance by Patrick Mikalef and Manjul Gupta
@@researchwithfawad Thank you Dr for your response. I have also found back your SmartPLS Series 18 for the similar analysis.
Much appreciated
Thank you so much for the well explained lesson, sir! I wanna ask one question. If we use the repeated indicators approach in the first stage and then use the two stage approach for the second stage, will the result be the same? because some references used the repeated indicators approach for the first stage. I hope you will answer this, i really need some help with this
How can repeated indicators be used at the first stage? At first level have all LOCs without any HOCs
Thank you for the video sir, it is really clear and helpfull. I would like to ask, in testing the validity and reliability on lower order construct i have issue in HTMT and Cornell Locker Criterion. Is there any steps that I can do to solve the issue?
Thanks for watching. Please watch
ruclips.net/video/m6tUlGiH9_M/видео.html
Thanks Dr. Should we look for/report model fit before testing hypotheses in SmartPls?
Thanks. I am glad you liked it. Not a must.
@@researchwithfawad Thanks prof. Fawad. Another question please, since it is not a must to report model fit in Smartpls, could we do confirmatory Factor analysis on Amos and report model fit indices from it, or CFA will be entirely abandoned if we will use Smartpls?
No. You should not mix the two techniques.
@@researchwithfawad This was really helpful Dr. Thank you
Dir Sir, may i ask a question about a construct with 3 indicators.
If they reflectively measure the construct, their loadings are ITEM1= 0.976, ITEM2=0.042 and ITEM3=.152.., if they formatively measure, their weights are .988, -0.555 and 0.060. Is that say the construct is measured totally by the ITEM 1? Should I delete some item? Thanks
As i see the ITEM 2 and 3 are not substantially representing the underlying construct and may be removed. But then, this also affects the content validity.
Great video sir. Explained so lucidly. I want to ask if I adopt a standard scale which contains few factors and their items how can I make decision about it whether it is R-R Or R-F? The papers does not include any information about the same. Pls suggest sir.
It is now an opinion that second order constructs are Formative as you cannot the HOCs are not interchangeable.
Very helpful video, could you make a video about reflective-formative model ?? THANKS A LOT
Thanks. That video is also in process. Butnif you watch this attached video, ref-for is discussed towards the end when discussing higher order constructs.
ruclips.net/video/iCA_WsmrQ-A/видео.html
Here is the video on Reflective-Formative
ruclips.net/video/-VX9hpWlEBk/видео.html
Excellent
Thanks. I am glad you liked it. Please do share in your research circle.
Hello Sir, thank you for uploading such a great video. I'd like to ask, how about testing validity and reliability for moderating variable that has reflective-reflective Higher Order Construct/Second Order Construct? can I applied these steps?
Thanks for watching. The step can be applied on any type of variable.
Dear Fawad Latif, thanks so much for your posting. I adopted your approach to analyze my data. Everything is fine. However, the discriminant valibility of HOC is very bad. By the way, I have three mediators, two of them are HOCs. All of the data for mediators are collected from the same questionnaire. The IV and DV are the pre-test and post-test scores. Could you please give me some advice?
Pleasure. You collected data for the DV on different time frames and now you are using both the variables in the same model?
Check if all loadings are fine, you may have to delete an item at the HOC level also check for Cross-loadings
@@researchwithfawad Thanks so much for your kind reply. Can I email you the details later?
sure
Hi, thanks for the great video. It helped me a lot with my thesis writing. I have one question. Why do you run PATH analysis in the pls algorithm and not FACTOR? Thank you. Take care!
I am glad it was helpful. Although there was a recommendation to run Factor for PLS Algorithm, but recently the recommendation is to use Path as one is assessing the paths in the outer or inner model.
@@researchwithfawad Ahh! I see. Thank you! I was confused because I watched a video about creating second-order constructs through repeated indicator technique and they run factor analysis through PLS Algorithm but you did it in another way, so I thought I was missing something but what you taught in the video was more comprehensive and helpful to my research model. Thank you once again for the detailed video and reply!
Hi Fawad Sir,
Thank you for your informative video. I have referred many literature. Don't you think PLSc should have been used for reflective scale? Is there any source?
Pleasure. I am glad you liked it. You can use PLSc if you would like to model your results in line with the CB-SEM and use Model fit statistics.
Sir,
Will you please confirm, if all the construct are reflective and the higher order construct is also going to be reflective, then shall we use PLS algorithm or consistent PLS algorithm. Please also quote the research paper.
Use PLS Algorithm
The consistent PLS-SEM (PLSc-SEM) algorithm performs a correction of reflective constructs' correlations to make results consistent with a factor-model. Plus there are some other assumptions as well (see www.smartpls.com/documentation/algorithms-and-techniques/consistent-pls-problems/)
PLSc is used when modelling results to covariance based SEM.
www.smartpls.com/documentation/algorithms-and-techniques/consistent-pls-problems/
Also, refer to the procedures used by
Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0: An Updated Guide and Practical Guide to Statistical Analysis
if i have categorical variables (that are part of my hypothesis) that connect to the higher order construct, how do I run the first analysis? Do i connect it to the lower order constructs? or do I only add it once i get the first results. Finishing my thesis and I could really use the help.
If you are assessing impact of controls on endogenous variables at higher level only then only use it at higher level.
Thank you for the great video! Is there a way test the sub hypotheses? And should I report the Goodness of Fit for the model in both of the stages?
You can just put in the LOC into the model and link it with the other variables and run Bootstrapping to assess the significance of relationship.
@@researchwithfawad As I understood, this is done using the model with only the LOC and using the original data, right?
Yes, you are right
Please share the word template. So insightful.
Please email me on askRWF@outlook.com
What if there are two higher or three higher order constructs in the model?
Even if there are two or more, process still remains the same. Generate and import LV score and build a model using them.
sir, can you please tell me how to treat dimensions as items of the main construct. you showed that ECC, Lc, Ec & Dc are the items of CSR while analysing the Higher order analysis. How to average the lower order construct as items in the data file. please help
If you want to average, you can do it in SPSS or Excel. Otherwise, use LVS.
Thank you Sir for this helpful video. One question, can 4 lower order constructs of IV structural relationships with one higher order construct DV can be established/calculated and described OR only higher order to higher order structural measurement should be done, thanks.
Yes, you can. You can have any mix of LOCs. But this is a step-wise procedure when there are both LOCs and HOCs in a Model. Please watch the other videos on HOC analysis on the channel. Here is the complete playlist.
ruclips.net/p/PLb7vm6tsQ3Ktp3AiXlylA5zLbrQzFOroT
@@researchwithfawad Thanks Sir for reply, sorry I need to rephrase my question. Can Structural Model calculation can be done of LOCs(IVs) with HOC(DV)? as you suggested/guided only step1:LOCs-LOCs Measurement Model calculation then step2: HOCs-HOCs Structural Model calculations, thanks.
At Step 1: All LOCs are entered into the model. No HOCs. Once LVS are generate dfor Step 2. You will have LOCs with HOCs and both will be analyzed for Reliability and Validity. They are analyzed together at Stage 2
@@researchwithfawad many thanks Sir for your helpful guidance. I was thinking same but was not sure whether its statistically possible or not, and you guided very well.
Sir i have 2 higher order constructs , i try to validate both constructs together through repeated indicators approach
For example i have customer engagement levels
Affective
Cognitive
Behavioural
And customer engagement behaviours
Wom
Repeat purchase
Price sensitivity
The whole model is about the impact of customer engagement levels on customer retention, where behavioural engagement plays a mediating role
Eng levels➡️ behavioural ➡️ customer retention
So i try to validate both eng levels as well as behavioural eng together through repeated indicator approach but i am continuously getting reliability and validity issues, should i first validate eng levels and then eng behaviour separately
Yes, first validate the lower order constructs then move to higher order.
Please watch videos in this playlist based on your requirements
Data Analysis using SmartPLS: ruclips.net/p/PLb7vm6tsQ3KvTOFnl9QfW5YnXtz4kKsyK
@@researchwithfawad thankyou so much sir
Excuse me Dr, can i perform principal component analysis (pca) on spss to investigate the factor structure of each construct separately and use these factor structurs to conduct pls-sem on smartpls? (all first and second order constructs are reflective).
Yes you can, but EFA is normally not performed for each construct separately.
@@researchwithfawad Thanks prof. Fawad. Since this is possible I will stick to PCA for each construct separately and not moving to EFA. I am doing PCA for each construct separately because some of the constructs are first order and others are second order and I was told to put a second order construct alone for PCA not with the lower order constructs
Hi sir, thanks for the videos. Can you advise how to draw the model using disjoint two stage approach - There are two exogenous which one is first order and another one second order construct with 5 dimensions. The endogenous is also second order construct with three dimensions. Please advise.
Thanks for watching. Here is the video on Reflective-Formative using Disjoint Two Stage Approach
ruclips.net/video/-VX9hpWlEBk/видео.html
Thank you for video sir, but i am little confused that, in my model i have two dependent constructs with dimensions but i am not studying the dimensions, i am studying these both as whole, without focusing on dimensions. And my independent is HOC . NOW the question is i have to only calculate the latent score of HOC from first stage and conside my dependent variables with their items in second stage. Please help me out sir!!
There is no need to calculate the latent variable score of other variables which are not HOC but having multiple dimensions ??
Please follow the instructions for reflective-formative or reflective-reflective HOC analysis, depending on how you model the higher order.
Sir, is there any specific condition that which approach ( embedded and disjoint two stage) should use for analysis the model??@@researchwithfawadmy model is the third order and I am confused which approach needs to apply . Thank you
Pls make a video to help me and many others like me. I want establish relationship between A, B, and C(like A leads to B, B leads to C, and A leads to C) in which B is a mediator. My A is R-R construct, B is R-F construct and C is R-R Construct. Please explain such kind of model in smart pls with taking gender as a moderator. I will be highly obliged sir.
I understand. For now what you can do is, watch the videos on Categorical Moderator, the how to use HOCs in SMART-PLS. The video will help you, just add the constructs as we normally do. I will surely make a video on complex modeling like this soon.
@@researchwithfawad eagerly waiting for that video sir as my phd analysis has been hanging in the middle for last 3 months due to this issue. I am nowhere finding any video on such complex model. Pls make one.
Do, you mind to suggest some playlist about formulating appropriate research titles, please sir
Where and How to Start Research:
ruclips.net/video/rZqOvujoRWk/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/PV9niSVaZrg/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/VZInGd0ztOA/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/8L4Iupxljog/видео.html
How have you added CSR in the model sir? Do we have to add CSR in the excel file? How to load the lower order items on CSR?
For each dimension of CSR you need to add it as latent variable.
Sir, if the impact of mediating variable on dependent variable in terms of beta coefficient is 0.357 and the overall total effect in terms of beta coefficient Independent variable on dependent variable is also 0.357 then is that an issue?
How can both direct and total effect be the same. How much is your indirect effect.
FL-INV= .317 ( Direct Effect)
FL-BP= 0.327(Direct effect)
INV-BP= 0.479 ( Direct effect)
FL -BP= 0.152 ( Indirect Effect)
FL-INV= 0.317 ( Total effect)
FL-BP= 0.479 (Total effect)
INV-BP= 0.479 ( Total effect)
Please read more on what is meant by these effects. Total is the sum of the direct and indirect effects.
Sir, if possible please make the same video in HINDI LANGUAGE, we will be highly grateful to you. Thanks.
I am sorry but i only do videos in English.
sir , can this model be used for factor analysis as well as to test the regression on X against Y?
Factor Analysis as in Confirmatory Factor Analysis?
I followed the same procedure except I have two higher order constructs as antecedents. Everything works fine except all my coefficients in the figure become 0. Please help.
You may have selected p values to show in figure. Please check.
@@researchwithfawad Thank you!! I used PLS4 and it automatically showed the p-values. There are many options for inner and outer models. In this video you are showing "T-Values" for both. Is that correct? or should I select path coefficients and p-values?
In the model you can show any statistic.
@@researchwithfawad Thank you so much. It worked fine. 😀
Very helpful sir, Can I get PPTs that you have used thanks sir
Please email me on kh.fawad83@gmail.com
Sir, is it possible to make vidio on formation of standard questionary
Hopefully soon. Meanwhile this may help in searching
ruclips.net/video/hrstwi4LsxE/видео.html
I am working in the area of family business internationalization. In my model two constructs are reflective-reflective and one is reflective-formative. Do I have to follow the same procedure as shown in this video? Can u please suggest some paper in which both these types of HCM are used? Can u please share your email so that I can connect with you?
Ms. Gupta.
First, assess the reliability and validity of all the LOCs. Then move to HOCs, Perform calculations as mentioned in the videos. For Ref-For, watch this video
Reflective-Formative: ruclips.net/video/-VX9hpWlEBk/видео.html
Also, this video may also help
ruclips.net/video/l4B5g2VyUtw/видео.html
You can email me at
kh.fawad83@gmail.com
Is it necessary to report smart pls graphical output in paper or thesis?and if necessary,then how can we report it in ms word.please help me.
It is not necessary but recommended. You can cite it in the text. Report it for both measurement and structural models
@@researchwithfawad how can report in MS word?there is no copy option i thnk.
Right click on the canvas and export it.
@@researchwithfawad thanks alot sir. Sir how can we interpret coefficient of dummy dummy variable in SEM?
Please watch
ruclips.net/video/MhiWOlJQEoY/видео.html
is this reflective formative?
For Reflective-Formative please watch
ruclips.net/video/-VX9hpWlEBk/видео.html
@@researchwithfawad can you help me out with reflective-reflective? im confused
What's your confusion
@@researchwithfawad 4 out of 7 hypotheses arent supported i think i made a mistake
No you did not. It is pretty normal to have hypotheses rejected
Sir can I have the template of Measurement and structural model please?
Thanks. I am sorry but cant share.
@@researchwithfawad Stay blessed always
can you share the word template please
Sorry, due to the virus that asks for money, i lost a lot of my resources.