Ataturk's tactic was exatcly what the Russians had against Napoleon. Drive them deep into the hearthland and drown them. He was truly a military genius.
@@ehatipo4598 Took 4 years from the coast to Ankara, and only 4 days all the way back! Pseudo-Hellens cant win any skirmishes without the help of Western Powers.
On the offensive he was only against the Greeks. By that time the other nations had befriended him. Also if the soviets hadn't helped him then Kemal wouldn't been able to built an army to oppose the invaders
I dont need to hide between my finger, it is known that in Greece hatred towards Turks is cultivated from a young age,mostly from older people that grew up in a different era. I was a hater as well until i started travelling the world and find out other amazing cultures , cuisine's and the history of the world. Then the hatred was replaced with love not only for my soil but for any soil in this tiny but precious world. Sadly the average Greek even if properly educated will still hold some grudge unfortunately. Media manipulation , nationalism and mental pride is an obstacle to a more open mind in such delicate matters. Cause it takes one to admire Kemal Ataturk as a Greek. He set the standards for Turkey to become the most progressive Muslim country in the world. I hope in a brighter future between our nations without imaginary lines limiting our potential to offer something in humanity cause i do believe our people have offered, and can offer much more.
@@savasguneysu571 Çoğu insan Atatürk'ü Yunan sanıyor. Bunun sebebi ise Selanikte doğması. Aslında ailesi Osmanlı'nın göç politikalarıyla oraya getirilmiş Türklerdir. Burada ise Atatürk Yunan olarak belirtilmiştir, bu hatalı.
I once read a report of a British spy from British archives The man was warning his supreriors that Turks aren't like other colonies they have, and that the only organisation Turks understand is military organisation and the Turkish people are really keen on forming an army It was the ordinary folk, with some bald rackateers as their leaders, started the resistence with their own initiative and it was a trouble for Mustafa Kemal and his companions to turn that force into a proper army that moves under their own command.
here's a fun fact. the Great Turkish Offensive was started on 26th August, 1922. The date was chosen by Ataturk himself, because it was the anniversary of Battle of Manzikert against Eastern Roman Empire in 1071 by Sultan Alparslan with Seljuk Turks, when the Asia Minor has become the Turkish homeland..
there is no such information. This is entirely your opinion. Atatürk did not share such information. If he had such a purpose, he would definitely tell in Nutuk (his own book). There is no particular reason why 26 August was chosen. The only reason was to wait for the most favorable conditions possible. There was no need to move early or wait for the enemy to get stronger. It was decided that the appropriate moment was this date, and the offensive was launched. There is no other particular reason. Because they are not in a position to wait for a special day. The conditions are quite harsh.
Seljuk Turks ? 😆 The only Turk in Seljuk dynasty was the king and he was a Turco Persian. I have bad news for you . Turkey is not a Turkic nation. Ottomans were not Turks . Up to 1905 your language was 80% Persian and 20% Arabic . The Turkic world is made up of 4 races . Turco Persians, kyrgies, Uzbek and Kazak Turks. Turkey is made up of 43 races , you don’t even have a race . Study Ataturk’s “ Turkification of the ottoman.”
@@vonclausewitz8558 Turkish is both an ethnic and a linguistic term. "Turkish race" = ethnic "Turkish nation" = linguistic. @drunk bee In the Seljuk state, the rulers and soldiers were mostly Turks. Since we were a nation that did not persecute or destroy the peoples living in the conquered lands, different ethnic identities were also living in our lands. If we wanted to destroy or send the people of the regions we fought and conquered, especially as the westerners did, we had this power. The reason why you are attacking instead of showing respect for not doing this, I think, is the result of being jealous of the history of the Turk. As world-famous historians say, "If you remove the Turk from history, there is not much left."
They wrote their version of the history… their own criteria of what is Humanity (them) or what is not (Muslims Turks). For instance Hemingway wouldn’t write anything about Greek s army atrocities but write a tears given Roman about the Greeks deportations. Between 1914 and 1923 our Nation had lost 6 millions people (not only massacre of course but directly linked to the war: malnutrition of children, diseases…). But crying is not in our DNA. For the one who not trust these info the UN are free available. And do not forget that if new USSR, France, US and Italy have abounded Greece it was clearly because of the tremendous massacres (Greece has lost its moral mandate), more bloody and important than the ones made by the Turkish army. This is the fact. The Region of South Kutahya, Gediz till Dinar used to be the most populated during the Ottoman Empire in terms of Muslim population, after this war and even till today it one of the less populated area of our country.
As in Cyprus. I know of relatives, buried alive in mass execution graves', with their offspring. Ethnic cleansing, still being discovered today, which the West turn a blind eye to, for their own interests' alone !!!!!!!!!
Because they waited untill the southern air leave their settlements and burn down the houses and businesses of the natives. If there is not anything to go back to, why would you return homeless to a country at war with you? Only savages, Barbarians-a more fitting word burn their home and life themselves. In Tripolitsa during the Greek War of Independence, very few burned their houses before the Turks recaptured it. They burned their life in Smyrna so they'll live remembering they have nothing there. That it's the country now and they were the reminders of the past. Pretty self explanatory. Then they signed the treaty of Lausanne promising to protect the natives of the then still Capital but they did the same with the pogrom in 1955 of... Constantinople.
@@alexor081 You sound like Western İmperialists, then & now, just out for your own interests' !!!!!!!! Burn it down ?!!! Then re - use the city themselves ?!!!! Or burned to make it difficult for settlers ' ?!!!!!! Lots' of migrants still settled there from then, till now .......
Atalarımın ruhu şad olsun, mekanları cennet olsun. Ayaklarında yırtık çarıkla, ellerinde kazma kürekle, bulurlarsa kuru ekmekle bizler için, canları pahasına vatan savundular. Şanı büyük Atatürk. ne şanslıyız ki sen bizimdin, ne kadar övünsek az. buraya işgale gelenlere verdiğin ders herhalde onlara yeter.
@@georgegeorge9242 centuries ağa, everyone was an invader, not Just the Turks. No one bought the country they currently live in with Kiss. The important thing iş to try not to be an invader after civilization develop. Otherwise, rome also took someone's lands or countries with the sword before us.
Since the Ottoman-Turkish war was also experienced in this war, Mustafa Kemal Pasha did not have many weapons belonging to that period. Cavalry was now used only for ceremonies. He decided to open the cavalry school and trained the soldiers for a year to strike the final blow. The majority of the soldiers were volunteers from the people. It was perhaps the last battle in which cavalry was used most effectively. He used the old Turk Kagan tactic. (pre ottoman seljuk)
It is admirable that Ataturk granted women the right to military service in this war and even gave them education in the cavalry school. After the war, they began to get their rights.
As Turks, we are greatly thankful to Atatürk for making Turkey a modern country by giving women their rights even before most Western governments did it. Turkish women fought as much as men and it directly impacted the general outcome of battles during the Turkish Independence War.
If you read turks history the turkish woman were already great warriors. They even were very skillful archers and excellent riders but the turks lost it over the time.
Its not that he granted, nation needed it. Turkish women were already familiar with fighting wars so they developed quickly. Many became infantry, pilot, chivalry.
This is the story of the only nation that did not accept the impositions after the First World War. They challenged the world with civilians and soldiers at a time when no defeated nation showed resistance.
@@DukgjinFalmerayer said that? Well he then must have ignored 4000 of Greek history in the region. Makes me wonder...but then again he was a German, was he not? You know, the ones that started 2 World wars and did not win, along with 'neutral" German friendly Turkey who waited out the 2nd World war until the last moment to choose the winers side. And now you want the Aegean too... better oil you guns because you are gonna need them dearly for that.
Ataturk was a man of destiny. He ripped to shreds the future offered to the Turks by the overly confident Entente Powers. As a result Turkey managed to avoid the same fate as befell Germany.
Except the Entente WERE willing to use force in Germany to enforce the treaty, as the French occupation of the Rhineland demonstrated. One of many absurdities in history that is too often overlooked.
That actually exactly what happened. The King was walking his dog in the palace garden, a monkey showed up and started fighting the dog, and when the king tried to get his dog away from the monkey the monkey bit his leg, the wound became infected and it killed him
Heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives! You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.” M. Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk wasn't only a military genius, he was a political and social genius too. For me he was the genius of 20th century. Such a great leader who always wanted peace. As he said if war isn't necessary then it's a murder, peace at home peace in the world.
Yurtta barış dünyada barışı ikinci dünya savaşı yaklaşınca söylemiş. Dünyayı açık ara tehdit etti. Eğer ülkemde barış olmazsa dünyada da barış yapmam dedi
14:35 This saying is actually a war tactic. The tactic is that if the enemy attacks you and breaks your defense, you retreat 500 meters. then they start running towards the enemy and they can't bring a cannon machine gun and enough ammunition with them. then the front war begins , the enemy's ammunition is reduced . you counterattack and can seize their military equipment as the enemy starts to flee quickly
@@asasas9146 Yeah alot of eastern warfare was fought like this through out history. Its a tactic that tradionionally was preformed by highly mobile horse mounted soldiers. The mongols took much of their territory fighting this way.
@@Useralex995 Mongols are not Turks, they are another race related to Turks. They have lived together with Turks for thousands of years. It is said that during the time of Genghis Khan, the majority of their army was Turks.
Greeks came as a police force at first in Asia Minor (in reality in order to keep Italy off central aegean Anatolia) ,then they were used by Britain an France in order to persuade Kemal to exchange his new nation state ( last to come of the ottoman empire) with Iraq and Syria. Population exchange and the drawing of borders after the signing of the Laussane treaties. As a Greek it wouldn't surprise me if we get backstabbed once more from our allies out of their interests for the control of the straits and an open market more populous than ours. No bad feelings to our neighbors, they did what they had to do in order to form their nation state. Looking forward to solve our historic differences together.
Imperialists don't want Greeks and Turks to unite. This is their biggest fear along with the Balkan peoples uniting. They use history and religion as a way to divide us, even though in reality we were united most of the time
The truth is always bitter. Neither the Turkish nor the GREEK people should come to the game of the IMPERIAL forces. As a TURKISH I love the GREEK peoples. political crooks are deceiving our peoples with nationalist words, by showing the two peoples as enemies. PEACE AT HOME PEACE IN THE WORLD ... KATATUTK...
Story is simple and plain, No matter how you try to sugar coat it. Europeans (especially British) had an open antiTurk emotion. British politicians openly said “it is time for Turks to go back to Asia”. Conditions were perfect. Greek army fought only 6 months in WW1 and Turkish army was in continuous battle since 1911. Widespread conscription resulted in complete exhaustion of the people and economy completely collapsed. Army was disarmed. State institutions collapsed and capital was invaded. Under these conditions, Greek invasion failed. They lost to an army which was created from scratch by a few rebel commanders. In 3 years, an exhausted nation formed a parliament, an army, gave everything they had to the army and defeated the invaders.
@@alessandroofthemediterranean poor. 9 out of 10 of the aid received from the Soviets came from Turks in Central Asia. Mustafa Kemal built an army from scratch with a poor and exhausted nation and threw the enemy into the sea.
@@alessandroofthemediterranean i pity your ignorance, turks were in continius war since 1911 and was exhausted unlike greece, also greece had france and brits support which was 2 greates powers of that time, rifles came from soviets had effect in war but not that much to won war only by their help
I still can't believe that our ragtag army organises one of the most successful blitzkreig in the world. 400 km in 4 days, complete annihilation of enemy armies. I'm proud to be grandchildren of thoese heroes.
That ragtag army of turkish peasants was commanded by the graduates of the military academy of istanbul. Those guys fought in balkan wars, italo-turkish war and ww1. They were pretty exprienced compared to greeks. Also soviets helped considerably.
@@pan-demics8015 So this is why General Tripukis had learned his assignment as commender of chief from Mustafa Kemal as a pow? Bad economy? I have serious doubts about your thesis when i saw at the figures of 60% of Greek frontline troops taken captive or killed. This victory achieved by extreme efforts of Turkish nation at its weakest time while their capital annexed with less manpower less material less logistics and no economy.
@@ardafrlar4130 Greece by no means had the ability to invade by herself. The fact that Greece tried was by itself suicidal given the economic situation. I personally would have never left the Milne line. I don't doubt the Turks fought hard, but they had help from the Soviets, which if they didn't have they probably would have lost. Greece had Italy and France being actively hostile against it (sometimes even supporting Turkey against Greece in the case of Italy) and also had an indifferent UK, which was her main ally. Greece simply did not have the resources to sustain a 200,000 strong army in Anatolia for so long.
Wtf is this war, Toynbee and Hemingway were reporting on it, it created the 1922 Committee in the UK... and the only thing I knew about it before watching this video was a Tom & Jerry meme of Turkey getting beaten up then coming back stronger
Because the Turks themselves were a decently cohesive and effective force, the Ottoman Empire collapsed mostly due to the ineptitude and/or subversive actions of the Arabs.
@@wtel9536 Ottoman was collapsing for more 100 years, all Pashas knew it was over and even if they could win some battles they were going to be overwhelmed eventually as it happened many times. So Ottoman was literally orderly retreating while trying to preserve more but everything changed when enemies stepped foot on Turkish majority territories as they were no retreat zone. Still it wasn't easy as there were only 10 million Turks in 1914 which is really a laughable number if you compare it to populations of Germany, Russia etc..
@@wtel9536 the empire collapsed due to Turks themselves… the Young Turks , also known as Ittihat ve terraki who’s actions consequently led to the final demise of the empire 1908-1922.
İnanılmaz yanlı bunlar. Her başarıyı şunun bunun yardımıyla almışız gibi gösteriyorlar, karşıdakinin bizim toprağımızda yaptığının bizim sözde onlara yaptığımızdan "daha az" olduğunu söylüyorlar hep bir karşılaştırma var. Tamamen Ermeni/Yunan veya batı fonlu. Bu kanal Kaç yıldır, kaç videodur soykırım diye diye dillerinde tüy bitti, bu videoya like koymayın, telkin yöntemiyle tarih yazıyorlar. Tarihi yeniden yazmayla görevli inanılmaz Türkiye aleyhine çalışan medya dalları var ve belki bizim eğitime verdiğimiz yıllık para bu kanallara haftalık gidiyor. Erlik kanalını her Türk vatandaşına öneririm. Gözünüz açık olsun, bu çakallar tarihçi gibi görünüp bizle ilgili bir iki güzel laf eder, sonra alçakça 5 suçlamayı cümle arasında giydirir atana, ruhunuz duymaz. Bizim ortalama vatandaşta medya okuryazarlığı azdır, Yabancılar anlıyor ama orada ve kanıyorlar. History revisionist bullshit.
@@Epicurus941 ABD, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, Ermenistan ve iç isyancılar desteği ile savaşı destekleyecek nüfusu ve sanayisi olmayan bir ülkeye yapabildiğinizin en iyisi bu.
@@leventersahan9124 It is well established that the allies did not help Greece during Asia Minor campaign and it is even shown in this documentary. On the other hand your army was naked and barren of any sufficient weaponry until you made a pact with the commies. Ottoman Empire was a joke and would have ended if France and the UK did not save you after Russians beat you again and again. Your Empire did not even last for 500 years when the Eastern Roman Empire survided for over 1000. Survived the Goths, the Huns, the Bulgars, the Caliphate, the Normans, the Crusaders and finally fell to the Turks. What major threat did you face? As I said only Russia, which would have destroyed you at least twice if Anglo-French did not save you. So leave your turkish arguments about western help for your failed Empire. It's funny that even your muslim brethren in the Levant, Arabia, Egypt and Libya hate Turks. That's how majestic the Ottoman Empire and Turkey were.
Bu kanalin sunucusu turklere karsi her zaman tarafli bilgiler sunuyor. dikkatinize cektiyse turkler, ermenileri oldurdu, ermeniler daha az turk oldurdu falan dedi hirbo. bastan sona greekler umutsuzdu, ingilizler destek vermedi vs dedi turk ordusu'nun basarisini kucuk gostermek icin.
Aslında çok büyük acılar çeken biz Türkleriz. Balkan savaşı. Girit isyanı.1. Dünya savaşı. Yunan işgali ve kurtuluş savaşı. Ama biz ağlayıp sızlanamayız. Çünkü bir imparatorluk geleneğinden geldik
@@craig3077 fransa ve ilgiltere nin çektiği acılar mı? hocam 1700-1900 arası bunların afrikada amerikada yaptıklarını bir inceleyin isterseniz. fransa, ingiltere ve ispanya bu dünyadaki en çok köleleştirneyi ve fitneyi fesadı yapmış ülkelerdir. almanlar da ucundan yapmış ama yine de çalışkanları ile şu anki düzeye ulaşmışlar.
@@craig3077 Biz girdiğimiz hiç bir yerdeki etnik yapıyı değiştirmedik. Biz klasik emperyalist idik. Geldik yönettik, vergi topladık ama sömürmedik. Onlar gibi yaşadık. bir Fransadaki saraylara bakın bir bizdekilere .. Bizimki bildiğin devlet dairesi.. onlarınki dünyaya inmiş cennet.. Osmanlı, Roma ve Persler gerçek ve de kibar imparatorluklardır. Milletleri yönetirler. düzen sağlarlar. Sömürge imparatorlukları gerçek imparatorluk değildir. insanları yönetmek için değil kendi aç sanayilerini hammadde ve işgücü ile beslemek için yayıldılar. Düzenden değil kaostan beslendiler. Hintlinin nasıl yaşadığı ingilizin umurunda değildi. Bütün dertleri, şeker kamışı, çay, altın ve elmas gibi şeylerdi. Dünya savaşlarının nedeni de bunların kendi aralarında sömürgelerini kapışmalarıdır. "Emperyalist" diyerek iltifat ediyoruz.. Onları Roma ile kendimizle aynı kefeye koyuyoruz.. Sömürgeci - yağmacı deyip geçmeliyiz.
@@craig3077 Fransa İngiltere Almanya gibi ülkelerin savaşları halkları için değil, baştakiler için savaşılmıştır. Türklerin savaşları ise tepedekinin isteklerine göre değil, soyun geleceği için savaşılmıştır. Burada önemli olan can/mal kaybı değil, savaş ruhu ve halkın çektiği ıstıraplar. Yüzyıl savaşında ün ve şöhret için Fransız kesen bir İngiliz soylu ile eğer kaybederse vatanından olacak bir Selçuklu askerini kıyasla ve yorumunu bir gözden geçir.
I am writing from Turkey. Right now, some people in our country hate Atatürk for religious reasons. They hate having such a great heroic commander. Because they think that Atatürk's modernization movements after the War of Independence contradict traditional Islam. If you want to see how people lose their minds because of religion, come to Erdoğan's Turkey.
@@ibrahimdursun1161 I lived in Izmir Turkey for 2 years I loved every second of it. Great people Great Country Great City Great Food and great places to explore and experience a different culture.
My Great-grandmother witnessed the “Büyük Taarruz”. She lived on the northern side of the Menderes (Meander) river and told that the Turkish army passed by this area during “Güzün” old Turkish word for “Son Bahar” (Autumn season). Before that, the Greeks, during their retreat, set her village to fire including her home. Later, after the war that house got restored and now my uncle lives in it. She also told that she heard what happened at Afyonkarahisar and that it was the turning point during the war. According to what she heard, Mustafa Kemal Pasha had come up with a plan since the Greek army simply outnumbered his. He then let his men tie candles to the hears of sheeps/goats. He then let these run down the hill towards Greek soldier stationed at Afyonkarahisar. The Greeks panicked and retreated/fled the area with the idea that a whole battalion was attacking. They never stopped retreating. During that retreat they indeed used the scorched-earth tactic like my Great-grandmother experienced. Watching this video knowing these details gave me goosebumps.
@@IamSome1 what about it? Ataturk knew much about history, studied tactics like that of Alexander the Great's. What Turkish behaviour are you talking about? As if you know anything about Turks or history
My grandfather was born in 1915 in Vourla, a town 40 km west of Smyrni. He had to flee his hometown in September 1922 along with his two brothers and his mother. He settled in Nafplion as a refugee. His father was a volunteer soldier who got killed during the Asia minor campaign - his body never to be found. It's really interesting to hear the other side of the story.
@@dimitrismavridis2179 who was the winner of the war so my age is 27 my grandmother used to tell me they had a lot of difficulties their grandfather and uncles joined the war there were no other men in the village except children
After the war, he gave all their civil rights to Turkish women who had no rights during the Ottoman period. He is the only leader in Europe to do so without protests. Turkish women lieutenants also took part in this war. Some were cavalry.
the history is different but noboyd want to talk about it ..they stop supporting greece and they support kemal cause he offered more on the table .....even italia came as ally but they say we dont win something so we are going away but also they support secretly turkey
my maternal grandmother was born the day bursa was occupied by the greek army. her father was fighting against the occupation - died in 1975. they had no rations, and one day he actually had to ambush and kill a greek soldier to feed himself. he returned home after the greeks were driven out. my paternal great grandmother lost all the men in her family - and all males from her village in sakarya except for one deserter, in galipoli in 1915. we still have her brother and first fiance's photograph they took together just before deployment. my great grandmother prayed for them everyday until she passed away in 1987.
Sorry, can you please clarify what you mean by "he actually had to ambush and kill a greek soldier to feed himself"? Cause, I feel like I'm losing my grip here.
Long one but I do hope more of this conflict is explored in future (WELL DONE GREAT WAR CHANNEL FOR DOING SO!): 25:00 is basically a huge moment in British political history where not many people understand what it was the result of; it was mind-blowing learning about this at aged 16, the notion that Lloyd George and Churchill were willing to fight a war against and in Turkey not four years after the end of the last great war! And now in recent British political developments, the 1922 Committee is part of everyday language even among casual, less informed observers. Also a round of applause for Ataturk, our national army museum had him in the top 5 of Britain's greatest opponents and rightly so, a worthy and honourable adversary indeed. His words for the British fallen at Gallipoli are on a memorial at the National Memorial Arboretum: "There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours... You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace." I cried. He didn't have to be so magnanimous, and yet.
It seems both of them didn't learned what happened to their troops and ANZAC during the Gallipoli Campaign, and didn't see the strong feelings of nationalism in the Türkiye army during the Greek-Turkish War It's still amazing how Turks can managed to hold their country from being annexed, from WW1 until this war
The Chanak crisis is well remembered in Canada too as it is considered their first independent diplomatic act against direct British interests. The political fallout led to the Statue of Westminster in 1931. The whole incident is now regarded as a footnote in textbooks but is surprisingly important in its after-effects. It is interesting also to note the Treaty of Lausanne is currently being challenged by the current Turkish government who want to regain control of martime territories surrounding Greek islands that were ceded to Greece in this treaty.
Such effortless pronunciation from Jesse, from Afrikaans to Japanese through Russian, Hungarian, French, and countless more, but finally tripped up by Welsh! (Great video as always, well done GW team!)
Effortless indeed, but effortlessly erroneous in pronunciation of Turkish words, I'm afraid. Don't understand why. It's so easy to find the correct pronunciation on the Net.
Ernest Hemingway's report is pretty ironic because that was the situation of the millions of Muslims and Turks who fled from Balkans to Konstantiniyye to save themselves from the Balkan powers during the First Balkan War. "They were the last of the glory that was Ottoman Empire"
@@Vishnujanadasa108 You made me laugh, don't be funny. How about the genocide committed against Muslim civilians in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1992-1995 in the middle of Europe in the 20th century?
My Grandfather was a Greco-ottoman soldier. After the great war, he was left stranded in South Arabia as he didn't know where to go back to. His family and relatives were forced to evacuate their Greek village in Thrace and had no idea where they are or if they actually survived the barbaric massacres conducted by the Greek Christians against the Greek Muslims in Thrace. He never went back and ended marrying my Somali Grandmother and settled in Somalia for a while before moving back to Aden (South Yemen) where he lived the remainder of his life. My father worked really hard before his passing to connect the lineage and found his family in Turkey. They said they tried their best to find their brother but it was chaos and complete madness at the time that they just assumed he passed away and moved on. we are so happy to finally meet our extended family from the Aegean sea. Watching this really made me wonder the amount of hardship my relatives went through. They lost so many of their relatives in the chaos. Truly a sad history that I feel the Greek government at the time carries its responsibility for the unnecessary gamble to inflict damage on the Turks and specially the innocent population in Anatolia. They could've preserved human life and tried a more humane way to garner support but they chose bloodshed which cost them Anatolia and the revenge killings of Christian Greeks in Asia minor
Did you know what happened before this? Or is that just revisionist history? Revenge doesn't really make revenge, but there were clear reasons they did what they did (humans always have reasons). Before any of that...they were occupied and being murdered.
@@nerdSlayerstudioss People alwayd do what they experienced, this is an infinite Revenge Chain, both the Greeks and Turks are not innocent only the innocent people of both sides suffered, If they have ever tried to contribute into this conflict in a more humane way things would be different...
These are historical events in which some honorable and proud events took place in our past, but in reality a lot of sadness, tears and losses were experienced. I hope that every modern person is aware that we leave these events in the past and that we learn lessons from them. The civilization we have developed now allows us to live together! We can live together very well. And even every contemporary who can read this day well realizes that when there is destruction somewhere, it affects the whole globe. Syria is one of the current examples. Refugees, economic balance, everything is upside down. I think that in the 19th century, we left behind to act with the intelligence of populist politicians, in line with the interests of various power groups. Love to all, bright tomorrows. from Turkey!
8:13 - As a Zimbabwean, I find it hilarious that he died from a monkey bite. I've literally never even heard of that happening to anyone; that it happened to a Greek prince just blows my mind. And the way he just breezed past it, I think we need a bit more context, lol.
From Wikipedia: On 2 October 1920, Alexander was injured while walking through the grounds of the Tatoi estate. A domestic Barbary macaque belonging to the steward of the palace's grapevines attacked or was attacked by the king's German Shepherd Dog, Fritz, and Alexander attempted to separate the two animals. As he did so, another monkey attacked Alexander and bit him deeply on the leg and torso. Eventually servants arrived and chased away the monkeys, and the king's wounds were promptly cleaned and dressed but not cauterized. He did not consider the incident serious and asked that it not be publicized. That evening, his wounds became infected; he suffered a strong fever and sepsis set in. His doctors considered amputating his leg, but none wished to take responsibility for so drastic an act. On 19 October, he became delirious and called out for his mother, but the Greek government refused to allow her to re-enter the country from exile in Switzerland, despite her own protestations. Finally, the queen dowager, Olga, George I's widow and Alexander's grandmother, was allowed to return alone to Athens to tend to the king. She was delayed by rough waters, however, and by the time she arrived, Alexander had already died of sepsis twelve hours previously at a little after 4 p.m. on 25 October 1920.
So funny that the greek school system does such a great job at being biased that I, as a greek, am on the second to last grade of school and we didn't touch on the fact that greece invaded turkey on such level, while the system really focuses on the distraction of smyrna and the refugees. I am honestly mad. Megali Idea is portrayed to us like it is not the core of the problem.
You are right that the school is not talking about this war, but not for what you think. The Great Idea, was about Constantinople and Smyrna, places that had been Greek for thousands of years... After the fall of Venizelos (who was the supporter of the Great Idea) the offensive began so to neutralize the Turkish forces, not to take the territories permanently, but it was a huge mistake and led to the Asia Minor disaster...
14:36 "Hattı müdafaa yoktur, sathı müdafaa vardır ve o satıh bütün vatandır!" This is Turkish version of this order. Gives me goosebumps every time i hear...
there were two main war strategy used in sakarya, one is to hit long supply lines with cavalary forces and make opponent to be starved. second was not to pull back the whole line even if the defense line is split/break, to build a trench 100-200 meters behind and reinforce it. for the second strategy, greeks and english officers couldnt realised how to overcome because this kind of defence strategy havent used before. greeks moved forward only few kilometers within 22 days and starved because there was no supply. they were too away from railway points and they couldnt defend supply lines from turkish cavalary.
Merhabalar çeviride hata vardı sanırım . Çünkü Pontus mevzusunda olara tek taraflı bakılmış. Hatta genel olarak olaylar tek yönlü. İzmiri de biz yakmışız ya :)
Hannibal Barca the Carthaginian used this tactic against the Romans. Also in battle of Sakarya, the Greeks failed to secure in time the critical key defensive positions (Mangal Dag) just like the coalition failed to secure in time the key points in Canakkale. If the Greeks had been successful in breaching the defenses quickly then the cavalry harassment would had been useless. But such defensive positions demand a lot of manpower and artillery pieces to be breached correctly in time.
@@hellenick8867 there were two cavalary batallion in Sakarya as far as I remember. One is holding the southern part of infantry brigade in order to prevent any siege. Second was freely roaming from Konya to Eskişehir in order to prevent supply chain. I guess you mentioned the first one.
You re correct for the strategy part, but Greeks (England didnt help at all) knew what was happening... It was political reasons ( ambition, they were waiting English support, new political party that changed all generals and commanders because they were their people)
I'm Greek and it's sad that some people don't understand this yet. We had claims to the region and the Brits used that to persuade us into joining their war-mongering adventure. Great shame.
@@AimForMyHead81 they are brainwashing greeks to use them against us again but the outcoume will never change trust me :) just how the brits used greeks us is also manipulating and making them believe they can have some land from turkiye but it's delusional just how it was back in the day
I think I wrote the same under the previous video about the Greco-Turkish war but your pronunciation is the best I've seen among all the historians on youtube, well done sir
My family lost a lot in the First World War. Very few of those who went to the front were able to return. Later, the rest of my family was burned to death by the invading Greeks in Bilecik. Today, my lineage comes from the few children who survived that Greek massacre. They destroyed everything, killed everyone, then got on their ships and returned home... No one has the right to occupy another nation's lands or massacre its people. Because of these experiences, I was a rovanchist in my youth. I don't want war anywhere in the world anymore. Every nation should live in peace on its own land and these wars should end.
Some thoughts and facts 16:27 : There's a march made by the Turkish Military Orchestrate named Anthem of Sakarya ("Sakarya Marşı" in tr., if you want to listen) in the honour of this battle; "Oh, at Sakarya, my home was saved." I recommend you check it out if you're into military marches! 9:40 : The government of Sultan at Istanbul decided to not send a delegate to the London Conference for the sake of the nation; because British had invited both the Ankara government led by Mustafa Kemal and the Istanbul government of Sultan in order to create a disarray along the Turkish side. As said, the Sultan decided not to sent a delegate to prevent the British plans, even though the Ankara government was their enemy. 14:37 : The first sentence in this quotation of him is very famous here in Turkey, and now reading it in English reminded me of Stalin's order 227. In fact, I came to realize how this whole war is like a mini-Barbarossa (invaded, even threatened the enemy capital at some point, eventually to get defeated in a crushing counter attack and got destroyed completely in the end.)
@@95bekirable he called the pashas traitor who were negotiating, he never called the sultan anything negative because for him the sultan represented seven hundred years of turkish identity
@@shahriarhakim6673 gibberissh.. İstanbul goverment with its pashas and sultan as a whole was traitor for Kemal.. Anyone Who signed or stayed silent to sevres was a traitor
@@shahriarhakim6673 Read Nutuk and see how Ataturk calls the Sultan a Traitor, he did not have any positive feelings for the dynasty, called them parasites. "Those who had sent their nation to war have now escaped, their only anxiety being their own welfare. Vahdettin, the one carrying the titles of Sultan and Caliph, degenerated; only dreaming of the ways to save his throne. The government under the grand vizirate of Damat Ferit Paşa, without honor, frightened and incompetent, under the command of the sultan and in the same boat as him, ready to accept anything for the sake of their lives." "The enemy states were attacking the Ottoman State materially and psychologically; they were determined to partition it. The person carrying the titles of the sultan and caliph was only anxious to save his own life. The government was behaving similarly. The people left without guidance waited in darkness, anticipating an unknown future. Those who began to understand the horrible situation were contemplating the ways of salvation, turning to those tools familiar to them. The army existed only in name. The officers were exhausted after the Great War, while the terrible situation before them was tearing their hearts out, and still they were searching the ways to salvation. Here I want to stress one important thing. The army and the people were altogether unaware of the treachery of the sultan-caliph. They were attached to these institutions by their soul, an affection based on a tradition of several centuries. The people could not even consider their salvation without the guidance of the sultan-caliph." "I took my turn to speak and I declared loudly: Gentleman, power and sovereignty are not given from one person to another by scholarly debates or polemics. Sovereignty is taken by force. The Ottomans took the sovereignty of the Turkish people by force. These usurpers managed to rule 600 years. Today the Turkish Nation has reclaimed that sovereignty for itself. This is an accomplished fact. There is no need to discuss this further. It is quite desirable that those present here can accept this truth. Otherwise some heads will roll during this process."
7:20. In late 1920, regular army had just been established. Its number 5-6 thousand in late 1920, it increased to 15-20 thousand in 1921 January, 40 thousand (plus 30 thousand deserters) in 1921 August (Battle of Sakarya) and 105 thousand in 1922 August (Great Offensive).
Dostum bu sayılar doğru değil, nüfusu 15 milyon ve 2/3' ünden fazlası kadın olan (erkeklerin de çoğu yaşlı, çocuk yahut gayritürklerdi) Anadolu nüfusundan 100 bin asker çıkmaz. Savaşlar sırasında binlerce kaçkın vardı. Bu sayıları nerden elde ettin?
@@lobnoyemesto For January 1921: 14.596 soldier, 796 officer, 8.750 rifle, 63 gun. 1 1 Genel Kurmay Başkanlığı ATASE, Türk İstiklal Harbi, c. VI. İstiklal Harbinde Ayaklanmalar, p. 234. For Battle of Sakarya August 1921: 40.000 soldier 2 2 Yetmişlik Bir Subayın Hatıraları. p. 241. For Great Offensive August 1922: 100 thousand rifle 3, 110 thousand soldier 4 3 Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Siyasi Haıtralar, c. I. p. 45. 4 Fahrettin Altay, 10 Yıl Savaş (1912-1922) ve Sonrası (I don't remember page number).
Wow! Great documentary. My neighbour, uncle Giorgios Papavasiliu was refugee from Turkey and I was a kid but I remember the story of his wife who was Serbian talking story to my mom and I remember how much pain and despair were in that story but then I didn't realize it was that war. Later on, I studied it and I failed to know more from witness since uncle Ðorđe died in early 80's. He never spoke of it to us kids nor we asked. That video explains a loooot. Gosh, what a painful history of all Balkan nations as well as greed for more. Impressive tactic of Ataturk too. I realize more about some atrocities on all sides through described circumstances. And sure...Great Powers' interests always behind such conflicts. That war and aftermath is briefly covered in Serbian schools. Peace to the whole world from Serbia ✌️🇷🇸
I am also a Turk whose grandparents are from the Balkans. Currently, this village is within the borders of Bulgaria, but unfortunately it was a Turkish-Greek village when my grandparents lived. We were exiled to Anatolia with great pain. Unfortunately, peoples living together for centuries were turned against each other by the great European powers. Peace for all.
@@nasthuner ppls of Balkan know only of their wounds and their side pretending to be huge and important while they are small, divided and great target of Western and Eastern imperialists. My family suffered from Bulgarians in both WW but I am trying to understand all the sides. All I need is to rock'n'roll in freedom and peace and wish peace and freedom to all the peoples on this Earth. Sirbistan selamlar ✌️
Came here from watching Turkish drama Vatanim Sensin. I started watching the series because of Hilal and Leon but stayed because of the story. Got curious and so did a little research on the background of the war and this video helped A LOT. Thanks for this. Learned another part of history.
21:44-22:22 Fun fact: In the Greek region of Chalkidiki, in the southern region of Macedonia, lie many hamlets and towns that are named after some of the towns and cities of Asia Minor. New Triglia and New Mudanya for example. There is even a church in the town of New Triglia (the original region in Bithynia, Asia Minor was home to the Archbishop of Smyrna Chrysostomos) that bears the Archbishop's name, honor, and legacy.
The archbishop did not has any honor. He had advised Greek troops to drink Turkish blood as much as they can achieve. He provoked numerous atrocities against Turks. He died in a way that he deserved. We had 35.000 captives including many Greek generals. They were not executed. The archbishop was executed because of his crimes. He was a zealot bigot.
Mustafa Kemal Pasha came to Istanbul by train from Adana on November 13, 1918, at noon, and on his way to Galata on the 'Kartal' steamboat he boarded from Haydarpaşa Train Station, he passed through the 55-piece occupation navy. At that time, aide-de-camp Cevat Abbas points both the enemy battleships entering the strait and the ships coming slowly behind, pointing in the direction of the Marmara, and says in a sad and somewhat timid voice, "They are coming". Mustafa Kemal Pasha looked in the direction his aide was pointing; Ships of the British navy, including the Greek battleship Averof, were slowly advancing from the Marmara to the strait. In the evening hours of that day, they would anchor in front of Dolmabahçe Palace and turn their cannons into the palace of the sovereign state for centuries. Mustafa Kemal Pasha remembered the wars fought in Çanakkale, the blood spilled and the lives lost so that these ships would not come here; Then he said in an angry, but also determined voice: "Yes, they come, they come, but one day as they have come ,so they will go"...
@@dreizdreiz9203 Your grandfathers when they drawning on the aegean sea side of İzmir and they beg for their lives and yelling ''Zito Kemal Zito Kemal Give Mercy''
@@TurkicWarrior I know it was painful for you to got reminded that unfortunate incident by me but you are a proud brave warrior and you do things as you please. You are the best of the best turks are the best we greeks are so afraid of you hurray hurray. Ps.i was born in trippolizza you can come as a tourist and have a cup of coffee under kolokotronis statue and feel comfortable like your grandfathers.😊😊😊
If I recall their battleships were just watching when people from Smyrna were drowning in front of em to escape the fires.Thats how much neutral they were in this.
No. See how much involvement Germany had, both economically and militarily,as well. See how much infrastructure was made by the German state. They owned Kemal. Also, Bolsheviks contributed. But Germans had clear plans how to mantain their infuence.
@@fwrususes5125 Since the Turks won the war, they aren't in a position to use that internal struggle as an excuse to being wrecked on the battlefield. So for the Greeks, it works for them.
Balkan wars and WW1, etnic cleansing only happened to Turks. Greeks and the rest of the Balkans "cleaned up" Balkans from Turks. About 4 to 6 million Turkish people were either died or displaced. That mass displacements help Anatolia to homogenize and increase the ratio of Turks, and help Turks to have more manpower when fighting this war, and the war with France-Armenia in the east.
It's funny that the allies couldn't defeat the Turks after the first world war yet Germany signed a peace treaty willingly instead to fight on after the armistice despite the horrible conditions of the treaty. Maybe it would have gotten a better outcome for the Germans.
There was a big difference in political will though. The Allies still had public support and political will to impose their peace on Germany in 1919, but not on the Turks, especially by 1921-22.
@@jessealexander2695 Thank you for your answer. From your point of view, for how long could have the Germans fought on in WW1 if they wouldn't have signed the Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919? Was there a chance for a defensive war in the west? Assuming there would be no second front.
@@marceldavis5600 After the summer 1918 Allied breakthroughs in the west, and the Allied breakthrough in the Balkans in September, the Germans were already fighting a losing defensive war. They might have continued for a few weeks or maybe a couple of months after November 11, 1918, depending how far into Germany they wanted to fight. But their army did not want to fight and was already suffering from many men surrendering.
@@jessealexander2695 In my opinion germany could defense themselves because ottoman was a sick of europe man last 200 years they called for ottoman and there wasnt any techcnological weapon, ship, plane also the ottoman cant producing let me give an example; you can manufacture 10 minutes in a carpet in ottoman empire that time was 6 mont this is huge differences in brief germany was better than ottoman at every status, So german people could defense their homeland this is easly stop the ally compared to the ottoman
@@gloserkiyors954 The difference is that the Allies had a small number of troops in Turkey after 1918, and millions ready to use in Germany. The Germans could not have defended themselves anymore.
@@duyguozturk759 atatürkün örgütlemesi ve askeri dehasıyla kazandık bu ülkeye onun gibi bi lider artık gelmez die düşünüyorum çok nankör bir milletiz zamanında fatih sultan mehmete yapılan atatürke yapılıyor
Greeks: Oh no our economy and allied support is collapsing we can't win a offensive war At the same time Turks: haha we don't even have economy to get worse and no allies to lost. liberation go brrrt
No allies ??? The bolsheviks ,the Italian and lastly the anglo and French who betrayed Greece in order to maximize their gains in the middle east became your allies!!!
@@hoplite101able No help on the battlefield. Stop trying to make excuses for your defeat. You fought well but were soundly beaten at the end, even with all the military advantages you had with equipment and manpower!!
The sun might have set on the formidable British empire, but not on the conflicts it’s left behind & French are also not too behind. These colonial power are the main cause of all conflicts we are witnessing in modern world.
Us Greeks have been fighting civil wars since the ancient times. Even during live or die moments for our history (1821 liberation and 1919 war) we still dont want to see another Greek take all the power.
Greece spread itself too thin in Asia Minor & Anatolia and the political instability back home sealed the fate of the campaign. Attrocities on both sides were tragic, but unsurprising given the history of the Ottoman & Greek Revolution era.
The Turks commited an organised genocide. There can be no comparison to whatever the Greek army did during the retreat. There was no ethnic cleansing of Turks during the Balkan wars nor during WW1. The main reason the army went to Anatolia was the genocide. Venizelos was under immense political pressure to react to to the hundreds of refugees arriving daily in the islands and Thrace screaming for help. The famous telegram from the Episkopos of Pontus during WW1 about the genocide that was taking place by the young Turks says it all
Yes and no. Had the Greek leadership know of the betrayal of the allies that was too come, then I'd agree. But it was hard to predict such a thing. Had the allies kept their promises of supplying arms, ammunition and troops the Greeks would've decisively won the war. Had the allies not give the Greek army false hopes and bait them into attacking deep into Anatolia, then the region of Smyrna and East Thrace would still be Greek. Meaning that if the Greek army had held the line of their given part, they would've defended it successfully from the Turkish army.
There was no ethnic cleansing of Turks in the Balkan Wars?? There were literal concentration camps for Muslims of the area. Around %25 of the Turkish population were killed in WW1. When Turks die, it's "just war", but you call it a genocide when Christians die. You are a joke
Tarihi Şan, Şeref, Zafer, Kahramanlar ve Güzel İnsanlar ile dolu olan Yüce Büyük Türk Milleti. Zaferlerimiz Daim Olsun. Var Olsun Mustafa Kemal Yürekli Başkomutanlar!🇹🇷
@Konstantin Trehagyrevopoulos Osmanlı'nın adaleti ve Hoşgörüsünü şöyle tarif edebiliriz; Ortadoğu'ya 400 yıl hükmetti ve adaletle yönetti 1915 yılından sonra yavaş yavaş arabistan ve ortadoğudan çekildi. O gün bu gün ortadoğu'da kan durmadı Osmanlı gitti adalet gitti. Aynı şey Kafkasya için de geçerli Osmanlı gitti Azeriler, Ruslar, Gürcüler, ve Ermeniler birbirine düştü. Balkanlarda da böyle oldu. Osmanlı nereden çıktıysa orda adalet kalmadı.
''My humble body will one day be grounded, but the Republic of Turkey will remain forever. '' - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ''Peace at home, peace in the world.'' - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ''America, Europe and the whole civilized world must know that the people of Turkey, like every civilized and capable nation, have firmly decided to live unconditionally free and independent. Any force that attempts to overturn this rightful decision will remain the eternal enemy of Turkey.'' - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Really sick of one sided view is presented as "equal". you should have mentioned what archbishop has done during greeks invading. Much of equality we can get is, Turks have 5000 cavalry, but poor Greeks have "JUST one thousands", never mind the triple artillery and machine guns count in any battle, or the modern transportation vehicles provided to Greeks by Allies or plane numbers. But poor greeks lost because they didn't have any cavalry, how could they win ? and disaster happened, Turks country invaded. they have been butchered, but falling back greek army is disaster. Keep exaggerating Greeks and Allies war actions in heroism and so called Turkish atrocities/genocide, while undermining Turks heroism and Greeks genocide.
@@CaptainHarlock-kv4zt I know but if you were to occupy İstanbul you would need more forces which you didnt have. Thats the reason you dispatched some of the divisions from Anatolia Army to Thrace.
@@onurpinar232 The plan was to capture Constantinople in order to reach an agreement in Anatolia and if not it would still be a massive move since Constantinople was the only thing that could unite Greeks at this point. At least a lot of them.
@@onurpinar232 The biggest problem of the Greek side(even bigger than the logistics of this whole endeavor) is that they entered a war while being extremely divided between Venizelists and Royalists. Thousands of them hated each other more than they hated the Turks.
A question: If you had to leave a place, would you burn that place out of anger with the sadness and revenge of not being able to have that place again, or would you protect a piece of land belonging to your own country that you regained ? Although it is a well-known fact with the evidence that the Greeks burned the city while escaping from İzmir, it is nothing but black propaganda to say that the Turks did it here. Western countries have always been in alliance with Greece and have stood against Türkiye because their interests are the same as Greece's and they belong to the same religion.
Nice work ! Thanks. This war has shown the world once again how patriotic Turks can become (even at very weak circumstances) when their independence is at stake. Yes we might have controversial issues at home, but when our future is at risk we immediately forget about differences and unite very strongly against the enemy. Thats why, starting from central asian times, Turks have established 16 different states in history and never been ruled by a foreign power ever.
@Bob Mar Avrupalılar bizim tarafımızda olmadıklarından ötürü bizi kötülemek işlerine geliyor. Zaten çoğu ırkçı, bir iki tane Suriyeli görseler ölecekler sanki.
@Bob Mar tüm gayrimüslimler osmanlı altında dünyanın hiçbiryerinde yaşamadıkları rahatlıkla yaşamış yahudiler hristiyanlar yunanlar. ilk sallantıda bu şekilde bağımsızlık istenip ayaklanırsan her türlü katliamı soykırımı karşında bulursun. EN BÜYÜK KATİL BİZİZ.
No hate dude, but literally, the Turks did have that many states because they were fleeing many different invasions. Russia and China ruled the Stans ( the original Turks ) for approximately 900 years. The very reason Turks settled in Anatolia was fleeing invasions in their homeland
Atatürk's tactic , that was in action, was flexible frontline. Greek Army thought that if they break the line they will win the battle. They did it in first phrase of Sakarya Battle but Turkish Army continuned to battle. Greek Army planned to encircle Turkish Army as attacking south but Turkish Army put reserve brigade to the front each time, while Greek Army was increasing distance to logistic center Turkish Army was discreasing it. End of the battle Turkish Army pushed back Greek Army where the battle started.
Savaş iyi bir şey değil. 10:40 şimdi çok şükür Binlerce cesur ve çok zeki Topal Osman'lar var Karadeniz'de. Biz Karadeniz Türkleri çok özeliz. Duruşuna ve asaletine iyi bakın. 🇹🇷🍀
@@GG-gh8dy dedemin babası Hasan çavuş 4 kardeşi şehit babası sarıkamış'ta donmuş dedesi yine Ortadoğu'da Gazi Bizim aile hep asker şehit gazi sadece dedemin babası Gazi olarak kalmış o da olmasa sülale kuruyormuş Allah tüm şehitlerimizden razı olsun tüm gazilerimizden tüm vatanseverlerimizden savaşa gitmek isteyip de gidemeyen Allah onlara da O sevabı yazsın inşallah
@@birolpursah8791 Benim de dedemin babasının babası Sarıkamışta şehit. Gözcü birliğinde, rus bombardımanında şarapnel vücudunu parçalamış şehit düşmüş. Dedemin annesinin babası Çanakkale'de şehit. Dedemin babası da gazi. Ruhları şad olsun.
@@OguzhanCirit_ Genel bölge konuşulacaksa Akdeniz havzası denir ama özele inildiğinde Ege'ye farklı bir deniz olarak bakılıyor ve politik yaklaşım da buna göre şekilleniyor
Fabulous, fascinating documentary - very impressed with many aspects of it but particularly the trouble you took with names and pronunciations. Marvellous, thank you.
As a Turk, I would understand if Greeks fought us for their own benefits, but I really don't get why they fought for the benefit of the third parties who sent them to the battle field to perish. Instead,they could have cooperated with their Turkish neighbours, they would be a powerful nation today.
Because venizelos was a free mason a jew and a puppet of the rest free masons and simply followed orders of the allied antad. He did his job gave kemal a nobel and retired rich. The king also was of the old school like the ottoman royal line and waged war against the freemason kemal. Notice the pattern: venizelos attacks the sultan then the sultan gets replaced by kemal and then the kings party wins greek elections and attacks kemal. And when all this ends venizelos awards kemal the nobel prize. Lenin also a free mason supported kemal while attacked the sultan. Bu@@it man a lot of blood gets spilled for secret agendas and the suckers fight for scraps.
"In the parlance of the epoch (early 19th century), ALL MUSLIMS were referred to as "Turks", REGARDLESS of what their ethnicity would be considered today." Roderick Beaton, Greece: Biography of a Modern Nation, pp. 123
The barbaric treaties ending WW1 were not so carved in stone. A nation willing to fight achieves it's goals and revives! Unfortunately our army disintegrated on enemy soil and got captured following many other disasters preventing Hungary to keep fighting...
One of the most important reasons for the beginning of the Turkish national movement was the experienced generals in the Ottoman army. Long live Turkey, long live Hungary
Admittely the Ottomans and Austro-Hungarians got a harsh, real treaty (unlike the soft one the ungrateful Germans got), but "barbaric"? Barbaric was the attrocious war they launched, and the millions they killed in their primal thirst for land. They got what they deserved (except Germany, and we know how that ended).
@@TheGreekCatholic Thats how you get your soil through history of humanity. Did you come out of the ground like vegetables in Greece? According to archeology, all human kinds came from Africa. So lets go all back to Africa hand to hand.
00:04 The Greco-Turkish War led to the rise of modern Turkey and the end of Greater Greece. 02:48 Rise of Turkish nationalism against European and Greek troops 05:38 Treaty of Sevres led to tensions and conflicts 08:20 Greece in turmoil after King Alexander's death and return of King Constantine. 11:11 Greek attempts to break the stalemate and win the war 13:50 Greek plan to distract and destroy Turkish forces 16:35 Turkish Nationalist Army gained strength and momentum 19:15 Turkish forces gained advantage over Greek army in the Greek-Turkish War 1919-1923 21:48 The Greek-Turkish War led to massive suffering and political upheaval. 24:24 The Greco-Turkish War led to a lasting peace with population exchange and confirmed borders. 26:57 The Greek-Turkish War 1919-1923 discussed in a book
The exchange of people based on religion was absolutely faulty. Because a lot of Christian Turks - Karamans and Kipchags left Eastern Anatolia. Parallelly thousands of ethnic Greeks that once were converted to Islam settled in Anatolia. Greko Turkish and Armeno Turkish nemesis is the most meaningless thing to me. Because these people are culturally and genetically so close to each other. Peace on you friends
Turkey never fought with Greece alone. They fought with British forces backed with Greece. Greece has always been a “puppet” country designed by British mindset against Turkey. Unfortunately nowadays we see the same aggression behavior from Greece again. They think USA going to back them up but it is going to be a second Ukraine case. I hope Greece takes some lessons from history otherwise they will have to learn how to swim back to Greece again like their ancestors..
You should say a huge spasiba to the soviet komies all day - every day for the provision of guns, food and money, otherwise there would be no such a thing as "Turkey" today...
You are a bit unfair. Why do you forget Russians and Germans? They backed you up many times especially at the war of 1923 by providing you weapons and funds. And if you are writing about lessons you should remember also our teaching to you in Tripolitsa at 1821, the battle of Dervenakia at 1822, the Balcan wars, when we kicked you out from our northern lands and of course the Naval battle at Limnos where your ancestors swam... You need to be fair mate and equal when you compare situations! Your nation is not made of steel!😉
You should say a huge spasiba to the soviet komies all day - every day for the provision of guns, food and money, otherwise there would be no such a thing as "Turkey" today...
Some key information that may expand and alter the viewpoint of u. Italy was a key player in the Greek-Turkish war: -Italy had a war with Turkey in Maghreb (Libya). They struggle to win and had terrible losses or casualties against inferior guerilla warriors. They captured for prestige Dodecanese and a significant part of Southern Minor Asia. -British and French were allies and antagonists at the same time. Although they were both against the Italian intervention in Minor Asia therefore they utilized Greece for their proxy war. -Venizelos had a strong relation and friendship with British Lloyd George. For lloyd George Venizelos was a trusted friend and ally. -King Konstantinos was hated by allies because his family relations and preference over Germany and central powers. When Greece had to choose sides he proposed neutrality everytime even when against Greek interests in order to satisfy his personal preferences. -Venizelos sent troops to Ukraine against the red army and in favor of Tsar and white army troops. It was a disaster for the Andante that almost triggered a war between french and greek battalions. It also was a trigger for Bolsheviks to react against the big greek diaspora in Russian regions and later on to support economically and militarily Mustafa Kemal. -Venizelos underestimated the populists and the fanatism of anti-Venizelists. They promised that greek soldiers would return to their homes but in the end they continued the war with more recklessly than ever. With the greek economy near the collapse, they played the fates of millions of Greeks to a dice. -Atrocities happened mostly by monarchists/ supporters of Konstantinos, not much by regular army (especially when Venizelos was in leadership). Actually the had orders to be neutral and to be very sever with provokers/supernationalists. -Many Konstantine supporters had a weird far right believe in favor of Greek expansion but a hate against Venizelos supporters. They actually discussed the Greeks of Minor Asia becuase they are mostly supporters of Venizelos. They had no intention the new territories to weaken their future once and for all in the upcoming elections... -Prince Andreas, brother of Konstantinos and father of queen Elizabeth of England was cavalry officer. He was very enthusiast soldier but he was not brilliant at all in his administration. His soldier nicknamed him "Kapsokalivas" (wooden cabin igniter) because he lacked skills but he was expert to burn Turkish little cabins and villages in the countryside. -Prince Andreas was sentenced to death but saved by intervention of British and other diplomats. He almost executed, he was expelled by Greek state but still felt more Greek than Danish. He was burried in Greece in 1944. Although his son king Philip and Philip's wife ueen Elisabeth of UK never arrived in Greece because of the above unfortunate story. -When the economy and the front collapsed Monarchists and Antivenizelists the did their best in order to leave the Greek population unaware of their fates because they hated and afraid them at the same time. Even the Greek fleet was ordered to prevent(!) immigrants to travel in Greek islands or mainland(!!!). Dead people cannot vote and dead people cannot riot against bad administration. Therefore the Greek Army dictated and made it's best to calm and abandon the unarmed greek people of Minor Asia for the upcoming slaughter... Unfortunately this is not a conspiracy theory. -Many from the "Anti-Venizelists" during and after the expedition cried in streets or newspapers "We do not want them" (the new territories) or "we do not want them". They prefered a little, smaller, more "proud" and more original Greece with no lands that were also populated with other ethnicities. -One very important detail many historians and military analysts ignore are that Greek population was under continuous war effort for almost a decade : two Balkan wars, WW1, expedition in Krimea/Ukraine and for sure the big expedition in Minor Asia. The population and the families were exhausted by the continues struggle. -Another key element was that when the lands in the Aegean islands and the North Greece were liberated tensions started between the people about the ways the will handle or share or divide the lands, especially the ones Turks abandoned. The tensions have been increased even more when millions of people moved from Greece and Turkey and vice versa. Too many claims, too many contradictions about what a fair share is.
This so-called "Asia Minor Campaign" was, in fact, a war of independence. It marked the heroic resistance of the Turkish people, who, under the command of the century's genius, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, shattered the chains of captivity. This followed the systematic and widespread invasion attempts that began with the Battle of Gallipoli, during which millions of Muslim Turks lost their lives.
My grandfather, when he was 3 year old, had to walk 150km from Uşak to Denizli, when they lost their parents during greek occupation with his 5 year old brother. No attrocies or pain is worse than others or make it legal to inflict pain to one other but when it is done to Turkish people, it is scorch earth tactics or just some atrocies because no western journalist cared for their lives or they prefered to looked other way. The archbishop who was killed after the reoccupation of İzmir where advocating greek soldiers to kill as many Turkish as possible, while and saying that he would like to drink Turkish blood. And while greek people were living Anatolia, many Turkish people had to leave greece under the similar conditions but again that is not important because they were Turks. Ironicaly most of the people who came from balkans are not Turks. Most of them are descendants of local people who became muslim. Hope you guys would try to be unbiased next time
@@bakrdemir8656bir kısmı türk kökenli ama gelenler arasında müslüman olduğu için gelen kisiler de az değildir muhtemelen nüfus degisimi etnik kokenden çok dine göre yapıldı
@@bakrdemir8656 Türk değildi demiyorum. Ama sadece dini müslüman olduğu için gönderilenler var. Mesela hristiyan karaman Türkleri mübadele sırasında karamana gönderildiler.
Ataturk's tactic was exatcly what the Russians had against Napoleon. Drive them deep into the hearthland and drown them. He was truly a military genius.
It is originally Hannibal’s war tactics that he implemented when he rebelled against Romans thousands of years ago.
@@ehatipo4598 Took 4 years from the coast to Ankara, and only 4 days all the way back! Pseudo-Hellens cant win any skirmishes without the help of Western Powers.
@@ehatipo4598 but if i correcty remember hannibals tactic didnt work because of sheer numbers of romans right ?
Atatürk attacked the Greeks to make them retreat, the Russians just wait until the French are out.
Mihail kutuzov
"Seven nation army couldn't hold me back" -Kemal Pasha
Ussr :no meed to thank me bro
@@wankawanka3053 XD
@@wankawanka3053 seethe
On the offensive he was only against the Greeks. By that time the other nations had befriended him. Also if the soviets hadn't helped him then Kemal wouldn't been able to built an army to oppose the invaders
@@hellenick8867 Soviet Union helped a lot but Türkiye would still save some land probably less than this one.
I dont need to hide between my finger, it is known that in Greece hatred towards Turks is cultivated from a young age,mostly from older people that grew up in a different era. I was a hater as well until i started travelling the world and find out other amazing cultures , cuisine's and the history of the world. Then the hatred was replaced with love not only for my soil but for any soil in this tiny but precious world. Sadly the average Greek even if properly educated will still hold some grudge unfortunately. Media manipulation , nationalism and mental pride is an obstacle to a more open mind in such delicate matters. Cause it takes one to admire Kemal Ataturk as a Greek. He set the standards for Turkey to become the most progressive Muslim country in the world. I hope in a brighter future between our nations without imaginary lines limiting our potential to offer something in humanity cause i do believe our people have offered, and can offer much more.
👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👍👍👍👍👍👍
He isn't Greek, he was born in a greek land that Ottoman captured. They put Turks to new captured lands so they won't leave easily
Çok güzel yorumladınız
@@huseyinresimator3818biraz daha açık konuşur musun. Ne dedigin anlaşılmıyor
@@savasguneysu571 Çoğu insan Atatürk'ü Yunan sanıyor. Bunun sebebi ise Selanikte doğması. Aslında ailesi Osmanlı'nın göç politikalarıyla oraya getirilmiş Türklerdir. Burada ise Atatürk Yunan olarak belirtilmiştir, bu hatalı.
"Sen unutsan bile, düşmanın Türk olduğunu asla unutmaz"
I find this one of the most fascinating wars in history.
Imagine attacking a nation which no longer has an army and still losing?
I once read a report of a British spy from British archives
The man was warning his supreriors that Turks aren't like other colonies they have, and that the only organisation Turks understand is military organisation and the Turkish people are really keen on forming an army
It was the ordinary folk, with some bald rackateers as their leaders, started the resistence with their own initiative and it was a trouble for Mustafa Kemal and his companions to turn that force into a proper army that moves under their own command.
So I'm guessing you're neither Wiliiam nor Davis, you're just a random Turk who just trolls on the internetz
@@apmoy70 Yea because anyone who doesn't agree with your point of view must be from X ethnic group.
Right.
@@apmoy70 You have such a great history, but with what you do, you shame our ancestors, not the Turks.
@@apmoy70 He speaks fax tho
here's a fun fact. the Great Turkish Offensive was started on 26th August, 1922. The date was chosen by Ataturk himself, because it was the anniversary of Battle of Manzikert against Eastern Roman Empire in 1071 by Sultan Alparslan with Seljuk Turks, when the Asia Minor has become the Turkish homeland..
there is no such information. This is entirely your opinion.
Atatürk did not share such information. If he had such a purpose, he would definitely tell in Nutuk (his own book).
There is no particular reason why 26 August was chosen. The only reason was to wait for the most favorable conditions possible. There was no need to move early or wait for the enemy to get stronger.
It was decided that the appropriate moment was this date, and the offensive was launched.
There is no other particular reason. Because they are not in a position to wait for a special day. The conditions are quite harsh.
@@onurhakim7814 it was a memoir told by Nuri Ulusu, Atatürk's librarian. Atatürk himself told in first hand.
Seljuk Turks ? 😆
The only Turk in Seljuk dynasty was the king and he was a Turco Persian.
I have bad news for you .
Turkey is not a Turkic nation.
Ottomans were not Turks .
Up to 1905 your language was 80% Persian and 20% Arabic .
The Turkic world is made up of 4 races .
Turco Persians, kyrgies, Uzbek and Kazak Turks.
Turkey is made up of 43 races , you don’t even have a race .
Study Ataturk’s “ Turkification of the ottoman.”
@@drunkbee880 well, Turk is a linguistic term, not an ethnic one. And both Seljuks and Ottomans were Turkic empires. Like it or not, it's a fact.
@@vonclausewitz8558 Turkish is both an ethnic and a linguistic term.
"Turkish race" = ethnic
"Turkish nation" = linguistic.
@drunk bee
In the Seljuk state, the rulers and soldiers were mostly Turks.
Since we were a nation that did not persecute or destroy the peoples living in the conquered lands, different ethnic identities were also living in our lands.
If we wanted to destroy or send the people of the regions we fought and conquered, especially as the westerners did, we had this power.
The reason why you are attacking instead of showing respect for not doing this, I think, is the result of being jealous of the history of the Turk.
As world-famous historians say, "If you remove the Turk from history, there is not much left."
Why would the Turks burn the city they captured?
Tell the truth. "We escaped and burned it so that it would not be left to the Turks."
They wrote their version of the history… their own criteria of what is Humanity (them) or what is not (Muslims Turks). For instance Hemingway wouldn’t write anything about Greek s army atrocities but write a tears given Roman about the Greeks deportations.
Between 1914 and 1923 our Nation had lost 6 millions people (not only massacre of course but directly linked to the war: malnutrition of children, diseases…). But crying is not in our DNA.
For the one who not trust these info the UN are free available.
And do not forget that if new USSR, France, US and Italy have abounded Greece it was clearly because of the tremendous massacres (Greece has lost its moral mandate), more bloody and important than the ones made by the Turkish army. This is the fact.
The Region of South Kutahya, Gediz till Dinar used to be the most populated during the Ottoman Empire in terms of Muslim population, after this war and even till today it one of the less populated area of our country.
As in Cyprus. I know of relatives, buried alive in mass execution graves', with their offspring.
Ethnic cleansing, still being discovered today, which the West turn a blind eye to, for their own interests' alone !!!!!!!!!
@@altaycapanoglu4170 Süper bir yorum. Tebrikler.
Because they waited untill the southern air leave their settlements and burn down the houses and businesses of the natives. If there is not anything to go back to, why would you return homeless to a country at war with you? Only savages, Barbarians-a more fitting word burn their home and life themselves. In Tripolitsa during the Greek War of Independence, very few burned their houses before the Turks recaptured it. They burned their life in Smyrna so they'll live remembering they have nothing there. That it's the country now and they were the reminders of the past. Pretty self explanatory. Then they signed the treaty of Lausanne promising to protect the natives of the then still Capital but they did the same with the pogrom in 1955 of... Constantinople.
@@alexor081
You sound like Western İmperialists, then & now, just out for your own interests' !!!!!!!!
Burn it down ?!!! Then re - use the city themselves ?!!!! Or burned to make it difficult for settlers ' ?!!!!!!
Lots' of migrants still settled there from then, till now .......
Atalarımın ruhu şad olsun, mekanları cennet olsun. Ayaklarında yırtık çarıkla, ellerinde kazma kürekle, bulurlarsa kuru ekmekle bizler için, canları pahasına vatan savundular. Şanı büyük Atatürk. ne şanslıyız ki sen bizimdin, ne kadar övünsek az. buraya işgale gelenlere verdiğin ders herhalde onlara yeter.
Amin. Herşey sizlere borcluyuz
ağzına sağlık
The irony is the Turks were the first invaders some hundred years ago.
@@georgegeorge9242 centuries ağa, everyone was an invader, not Just the Turks. No one bought the country they currently live in with Kiss. The important thing iş to try not to be an invader after civilization develop. Otherwise, rome also took someone's lands or countries with the sword before us.
@@georgegeorge9242 centuries ago*
Since the Ottoman-Turkish war was also experienced in this war, Mustafa Kemal Pasha did not have many weapons belonging to that period. Cavalry was now used only for ceremonies. He decided to open the cavalry school and trained the soldiers for a year to strike the final blow. The majority of the soldiers were volunteers from the people. It was perhaps the last battle in which cavalry was used most effectively. He used the old Turk Kagan tactic. (pre ottoman seljuk)
👍
It was actually during the battle of Dobruja in WW1, by the Bulgarians' Kolev.
@@hellenick8867 💀
@@MegaNas88 The war in the video occurs after WW1. So no.
@@MegaNas88 nope. In 1922 cavalry used effectively
“Peace at Home, Peace in the World”
M. Kemal Atatürk
Turkish home is Kazakhstan
genocide goes brrrr
@@toryog1310 mad?
"It's hard to be a Turk because you fight the world. It's harder not to be a Turk because you fight the Turk."
@@toryog1310 what the f do you want with our notion and history
It is admirable that Ataturk granted women the right to military service in this war and even gave them education in the cavalry school. After the war, they began to get their rights.
As Turks, we are greatly thankful to Atatürk for making Turkey a modern country by giving women their rights even before most Western governments did it. Turkish women fought as much as men and it directly impacted the general outcome of battles during the Turkish Independence War.
If you read turks history the turkish woman were already great warriors. They even were very skillful archers and excellent riders but the turks lost it over the time.
Its not that he granted, nation needed it. Turkish women were already familiar with fighting wars so they developed quickly. Many became infantry, pilot, chivalry.
This is the story of the only nation that did not accept the impositions after the First World War.
They challenged the world with civilians and soldiers at a time when no defeated nation showed resistance.
They created a new nation - that was sort of the solution
GReece is an artificial state and nation. Fallmeyer explains that very well
That people that nation is called the T U R K s ! My people!
🇦🇿❤️🇹🇷
@@DukgjinFalmerayer said that? Well he then must have ignored 4000 of Greek history in the region. Makes me wonder...but then again he was a German, was he not? You know, the ones that started 2 World wars and did not win, along with 'neutral" German friendly Turkey who waited out the 2nd World war until the last moment to choose the winers side. And now you want the Aegean too... better oil you guns because you are gonna need them dearly for that.
Ataturk was a man of destiny. He ripped to shreds the future offered to the Turks by the overly confident Entente Powers. As a result Turkey managed to avoid the same fate as befell Germany.
When you say 'the same fate' you mean "face consequences for horrors committed as an aggressor in a world war'?
@@CasperJoosten No, he means the partition like it happened to Germany known to them as the "Teilung".
Turkey will be partitioned, ataturk merely delayed the inevitable!
Except the Entente WERE willing to use force in Germany to enforce the treaty, as the French occupation of the Rhineland demonstrated. One of many absurdities in history that is too often overlooked.
@@ChanahsCreativeEdits Selanik will be ours again. And much more. Whole Balkans is ours.
“King Alexander was bitten by a monkey and died of the subsequent infection”
Ok yeah I’m definitely going to want an explanation on this
That actually exactly what happened. The King was walking his dog in the palace garden, a monkey showed up and started fighting the dog, and when the king tried to get his dog away from the monkey the monkey bit his leg, the wound became infected and it killed him
Literally spit taked. What a random way to die
@@andrewsever98 I need a comedic video reenactment
@@andrewsever98 amazing some freak accident could change the course of history, affecting the lives of millions of people.
@@stoneruler it was no accident the monkey was the esteemed rear admiral and turkish spy Ahmed Monkeymus
Heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives! You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.”
M. Kemal Atatürk
It was for ANZAC soldiers who died in Gallipoli
You are quoting a criminal congrats bro you fell for Turkish propaganda
@@themisargyros1528 salty huh😄
@@hermannhesse4182 turkey doesn’t have history they have a criminal record
@@themisargyros1528 10iq
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk wasn't only a military genius, he was a political and social genius too. For me he was the genius of 20th century. Such a great leader who always wanted peace. As he said if war isn't necessary then it's a murder, peace at home peace in the world.
I mean he still forced the greeks out and committed genocide... sometimes Turkish nationalists clown on Greece and say the genocide was justified
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤👍
Yurtta barış dünyada barışı ikinci dünya savaşı yaklaşınca söylemiş. Dünyayı açık ara tehdit etti. Eğer ülkemde barış olmazsa dünyada da barış yapmam dedi
you know that a war is controversial when it has three names: one for the attacker, one for the defendant, and one for the outside observer.
Every war is named differently by each side even the medieval ones.
@@Onattttt bro what are you doing, you exposed his “deep” observation 😭😭
@@big_2361 deep thoughts with deep
However, as you will see at the end of this documentary, sometimes the attacker and the outside observer can be the same person.
@@Onattttt Spiral out, keep going brother!
14:35 This saying is actually a war tactic. The tactic is that if the enemy attacks you and breaks your defense, you retreat 500 meters. then they start running towards the enemy and they can't bring a cannon machine gun and enough ammunition with them. then the front war begins , the enemy's ammunition is reduced . you counterattack and can seize their military equipment as the enemy starts to flee quickly
I think it can be classified as a feigned retreat
@@asasas9146 Yeah alot of eastern warfare was fought like this through out history. Its a tactic that tradionionally was preformed by highly mobile horse mounted soldiers. The mongols took much of their territory fighting this way.
@@Useralex995 The Mongols have already seen this tactic from us Turks. The Mongols lived under the rule of the Turks. Until Genghis Khan
@@semihkaynak9268 I think the majority of what we in the west call "mongols" were actually Turkish tribes right?
@@Useralex995 Mongols are not Turks, they are another race related to Turks. They have lived together with Turks for thousands of years. It is said that during the time of Genghis Khan, the majority of their army was Turks.
Greeks came as a police force at first in Asia Minor (in reality in order to keep Italy off central aegean Anatolia) ,then they were used by Britain an France in order to persuade Kemal to exchange his new nation state ( last to come of the ottoman empire) with Iraq and Syria. Population exchange and the drawing of borders after the signing of the Laussane treaties. As a Greek it wouldn't surprise me if we get backstabbed once more from our allies out of their interests for the control of the straits and an open market more populous than ours. No bad feelings to our neighbors, they did what they had to do in order to form their nation state. Looking forward to solve our historic differences together.
they manipulated greeks and made us fight eachother. I also hope that the relations between countries get better
Yes mate, Greeks and Turks hating each other is the dumbest thing. Everybody wants the best for his country.
Imperialists don't want Greeks and Turks to unite. This is their biggest fear along with the Balkan peoples uniting. They use history and religion as a way to divide us, even though in reality we were united most of the time
Exactly...
The truth is always bitter. Neither the Turkish nor the GREEK people should come to the game of the IMPERIAL forces. As a TURKISH I love the GREEK peoples. political crooks are deceiving our peoples with nationalist words, by showing the two peoples as enemies. PEACE AT HOME PEACE IN THE WORLD ... KATATUTK...
Story is simple and plain, No matter how you try to sugar coat it.
Europeans (especially British) had an open antiTurk emotion. British politicians openly said “it is time for Turks to go back to Asia”. Conditions were perfect. Greek army fought only 6 months in WW1 and Turkish army was in continuous battle since 1911. Widespread conscription resulted in complete exhaustion of the people and economy completely collapsed. Army was disarmed. State institutions collapsed and capital was invaded.
Under these conditions, Greek invasion failed. They lost to an army which was created from scratch by a few rebel commanders. In 3 years, an exhausted nation formed a parliament, an army, gave everything they had to the army and defeated the invaders.
Tebrikler. Harika bir özet.
Turks only won because of the soviets 😂
@@alessandroofthemediterranean poor. 9 out of 10 of the aid received from the Soviets came from Turks in Central Asia. Mustafa Kemal built an army from scratch with a poor and exhausted nation and threw the enemy into the sea.
@@alessandroofthemediterranean i pity your ignorance, turks were in continius war since 1911 and was exhausted unlike greece, also greece had france and brits support which was 2 greates powers of that time, rifles came from soviets had effect in war but not that much to won war only by their help
@@vulovica_5932 This is nonsense, Britain and France barely did anything...
I still can't believe that our ragtag army organises one of the most successful blitzkreig in the world. 400 km in 4 days, complete annihilation of enemy armies. I'm proud to be grandchildren of thoese heroes.
Greece was ruined economically mainly. Turkey didn't really win on the battlefield.
@@pan-demics8015 bruh...
That ragtag army of turkish peasants was commanded by the graduates of the military academy of istanbul. Those guys fought in balkan wars, italo-turkish war and ww1. They were pretty exprienced compared to greeks. Also soviets helped considerably.
@@pan-demics8015 So this is why General Tripukis had learned his assignment as commender of chief from Mustafa Kemal as a pow? Bad economy? I have serious doubts about your thesis when i saw at the figures of 60% of Greek frontline troops taken captive or killed. This victory achieved by extreme efforts of Turkish nation at its weakest time while their capital annexed with less manpower less material less logistics and no economy.
@@ardafrlar4130 Greece by no means had the ability to invade by herself. The fact that Greece tried was by itself suicidal given the economic situation. I personally would have never left the Milne line. I don't doubt the Turks fought hard, but they had help from the Soviets, which if they didn't have they probably would have lost. Greece had Italy and France being actively hostile against it (sometimes even supporting Turkey against Greece in the case of Italy) and also had an indifferent UK, which was her main ally. Greece simply did not have the resources to sustain a 200,000 strong army in Anatolia for so long.
Wtf is this war, Toynbee and Hemingway were reporting on it, it created the 1922 Committee in the UK... and the only thing I knew about it before watching this video was a Tom & Jerry meme of Turkey getting beaten up then coming back stronger
Because the Turks themselves were a decently cohesive and effective force, the Ottoman Empire collapsed mostly due to the ineptitude and/or subversive actions of the Arabs.
@@wtel9536 Ottoman was collapsing for more 100 years, all Pashas knew it was over and even if they could win some battles they were going to be overwhelmed eventually as it happened many times. So Ottoman was literally orderly retreating while trying to preserve more but everything changed when enemies stepped foot on Turkish majority territories as they were no retreat zone. Still it wasn't easy as there were only 10 million Turks in 1914 which is really a laughable number if you compare it to populations of Germany, Russia etc..
@@ggoddkkiller1342 it's comparable to the population of Greece, though!
@@wtel9536 the empire collapsed due to Turks themselves… the Young Turks , also known as Ittihat ve terraki who’s actions consequently led to the final demise of the empire 1908-1922.
Western powers were rooting for the sentimental favorite, Greece.
Konstantinos Travlos, desteğiyle hazırlanan bu bölüm, doğal olarak Yunanlıların ve çetelerin Anadolu'da yaptıklarının detayına girmemis
İnanılmaz yanlı bunlar. Her başarıyı şunun bunun yardımıyla almışız gibi gösteriyorlar, karşıdakinin bizim toprağımızda yaptığının bizim sözde onlara yaptığımızdan "daha az" olduğunu söylüyorlar hep bir karşılaştırma var. Tamamen Ermeni/Yunan veya batı fonlu. Bu kanal Kaç yıldır, kaç videodur soykırım diye diye dillerinde tüy bitti, bu videoya like koymayın, telkin yöntemiyle tarih yazıyorlar. Tarihi yeniden yazmayla görevli inanılmaz Türkiye aleyhine çalışan medya dalları var ve belki bizim eğitime verdiğimiz yıllık para bu kanallara haftalık gidiyor. Erlik kanalını her Türk vatandaşına öneririm. Gözünüz açık olsun, bu çakallar tarihçi gibi görünüp bizle ilgili bir iki güzel laf eder, sonra alçakça 5 suçlamayı cümle arasında giydirir atana, ruhunuz duymaz. Bizim ortalama vatandaşta medya okuryazarlığı azdır, Yabancılar anlıyor ama orada ve kanıyorlar. History revisionist bullshit.
aynen öyle gerçeklerden uzak durmuş :)
@@Epicurus941 ABD, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, Ermenistan ve iç isyancılar desteği ile savaşı destekleyecek nüfusu ve sanayisi olmayan bir ülkeye yapabildiğinizin en iyisi bu.
@@leventersahan9124 It is well established that the allies did not help Greece during Asia Minor campaign and it is even shown in this documentary. On the other hand your army was naked and barren of any sufficient weaponry until you made a pact with the commies.
Ottoman Empire was a joke and would have ended if France and the UK did not save you after Russians beat you again and again. Your Empire did not even last for 500 years when the Eastern Roman Empire survided for over 1000. Survived the Goths, the Huns, the Bulgars, the Caliphate, the Normans, the Crusaders and finally fell to the Turks. What major threat did you face? As I said only Russia, which would have destroyed you at least twice if Anglo-French did not save you.
So leave your turkish arguments about western help for your failed Empire. It's funny that even your muslim brethren in the Levant, Arabia, Egypt and Libya hate Turks. That's how majestic the Ottoman Empire and Turkey were.
Bu kanalin sunucusu turklere karsi her zaman tarafli bilgiler sunuyor. dikkatinize cektiyse turkler, ermenileri oldurdu, ermeniler daha az turk oldurdu falan dedi hirbo. bastan sona greekler umutsuzdu, ingilizler destek vermedi vs dedi turk ordusu'nun basarisini kucuk gostermek icin.
Aslında çok büyük acılar çeken biz Türkleriz. Balkan savaşı. Girit isyanı.1. Dünya savaşı. Yunan işgali ve kurtuluş savaşı. Ama biz ağlayıp sızlanamayız. Çünkü bir imparatorluk geleneğinden geldik
Zamanında biz de çok çektirttik. Emperyalizm mantığı ile alakası yok bu dediğinin de. Fransa İngiltere Almanya’nın çektiği ızdırapların ve acıyı düşün
@@craig3077 fransa ve ilgiltere nin çektiği acılar mı? hocam 1700-1900 arası bunların afrikada amerikada yaptıklarını bir inceleyin isterseniz. fransa, ingiltere ve ispanya bu dünyadaki en çok köleleştirneyi ve fitneyi fesadı yapmış ülkelerdir. almanlar da ucundan yapmış ama yine de çalışkanları ile şu anki düzeye ulaşmışlar.
@@craig3077 Biz girdiğimiz hiç bir yerdeki etnik yapıyı değiştirmedik. Biz klasik emperyalist idik. Geldik yönettik, vergi topladık ama sömürmedik. Onlar gibi yaşadık.
bir Fransadaki saraylara bakın bir bizdekilere .. Bizimki bildiğin devlet dairesi.. onlarınki dünyaya inmiş cennet..
Osmanlı, Roma ve Persler gerçek ve de kibar imparatorluklardır.
Milletleri yönetirler. düzen sağlarlar.
Sömürge imparatorlukları gerçek imparatorluk değildir. insanları yönetmek için değil kendi aç sanayilerini hammadde ve işgücü ile beslemek için yayıldılar. Düzenden değil kaostan beslendiler.
Hintlinin nasıl yaşadığı ingilizin umurunda değildi. Bütün dertleri, şeker kamışı, çay, altın ve elmas gibi şeylerdi.
Dünya savaşlarının nedeni de bunların kendi aralarında sömürgelerini kapışmalarıdır.
"Emperyalist" diyerek iltifat ediyoruz.. Onları Roma ile kendimizle aynı kefeye koyuyoruz..
Sömürgeci - yağmacı deyip geçmeliyiz.
@@craig3077 Fransa İngiltere Almanya gibi ülkelerin savaşları halkları için değil, baştakiler için savaşılmıştır. Türklerin savaşları ise tepedekinin isteklerine göre değil, soyun geleceği için savaşılmıştır. Burada önemli olan can/mal kaybı değil, savaş ruhu ve halkın çektiği ıstıraplar. Yüzyıl savaşında ün ve şöhret için Fransız kesen bir İngiliz soylu ile eğer kaybederse vatanından olacak bir Selçuklu askerini kıyasla ve yorumunu bir gözden geçir.
I am writing from Turkey. Right now, some people in our country hate Atatürk for religious reasons. They hate having such a great heroic commander. Because they think that Atatürk's modernization movements after the War of Independence contradict traditional Islam. If you want to see how people lose their minds because of religion, come to Erdoğan's Turkey.
Hepsini sallandirmadi belki atamin tek hatasi buydu. Tövbe haşa yinede paşam bilir
@@ibrahimdursun1161 I lived in Izmir Turkey for 2 years I loved every second of it. Great people Great Country Great City Great Food and great places to explore and experience a different culture.
My Great-grandmother witnessed the “Büyük Taarruz”. She lived on the northern side of the Menderes (Meander) river and told that the Turkish army passed by this area during “Güzün” old Turkish word for “Son Bahar” (Autumn season). Before that, the Greeks, during their retreat, set her village to fire including her home.
Later, after the war that house got restored and now my uncle lives in it.
She also told that she heard what happened at Afyonkarahisar and that it was the turning point during the war. According to what she heard, Mustafa Kemal Pasha had come up with a plan since the Greek army simply outnumbered his. He then let his men tie candles to the hears of sheeps/goats. He then let these run down the hill towards Greek soldier stationed at Afyonkarahisar. The Greeks panicked and retreated/fled the area with the idea that a whole battalion was attacking. They never stopped retreating. During that retreat they indeed used the scorched-earth tactic like my Great-grandmother experienced.
Watching this video knowing these details gave me goosebumps.
All villages near around my village were all burned and some girls got kidnapped
@@IamSome1 what about it? Ataturk knew much about history, studied tactics like that of Alexander the Great's. What Turkish behaviour are you talking about? As if you know anything about Turks or history
My grandfather was born in 1915 in Vourla, a town 40 km west of Smyrni. He had to flee his hometown in September 1922 along with his two brothers and his mother. He settled in Nafplion as a refugee. His father was a volunteer soldier who got killed during the Asia minor campaign - his body never to be found.
It's really interesting to hear the other side of the story.
@@dimitrismavridis2179 who was the winner of the war so my age is 27 my grandmother used to tell me they had a lot of difficulties their grandfather and uncles joined the war there were no other men in the village except children
@@dimitrismavridis2179 my grandmother was from Thessaloniki and she got told to leave to Smyrna around that time so she had a few relatives.
Impressive leadership and organizational accomplishments from Ataturk.
Now i can see why he is so overpowered in Hoi4.
thanks bro
After the war, he gave all their civil rights to Turkish women who had no rights during the Ottoman period. He is the only leader in Europe to do so without protests. Turkish women lieutenants also took part in this war. Some were cavalry.
Kalkın Allah geldi
the history is different but noboyd want to talk about it ..they stop supporting greece and they support kemal cause he offered more on the table .....even italia came as ally but they say we dont win something so we are going away but also they support secretly turkey
my maternal grandmother was born the day bursa was occupied by the greek army. her father was fighting against the occupation - died in 1975. they had no rations, and one day he actually had to ambush and kill a greek soldier to feed himself. he returned home after the greeks were driven out. my paternal great grandmother lost all the men in her family - and all males from her village in sakarya except for one deserter, in galipoli in 1915. we still have her brother and first fiance's photograph they took together just before deployment. my great grandmother prayed for them everyday until she passed away in 1987.
❤
Sorry for ur losses in your family. My Great grand dad fought in the war and came back when we lost. He was a greek officer. A great man.
Sorry, can you please clarify what you mean by "he actually had to ambush and kill a greek soldier to feed himself"? Cause, I feel like I'm losing my grip here.
@SteliosAntoniouAL23 probably got his rations and ate it, not the Greek soldier himself
@@SteliosAntoniouAL23
Erzak için , yani yiyecek yok ,Türkler yam yam değil ...
Long one but I do hope more of this conflict is explored in future (WELL DONE GREAT WAR CHANNEL FOR DOING SO!):
25:00 is basically a huge moment in British political history where not many people understand what it was the result of; it was mind-blowing learning about this at aged 16, the notion that Lloyd George and Churchill were willing to fight a war against and in Turkey not four years after the end of the last great war! And now in recent British political developments, the 1922 Committee is part of everyday language even among casual, less informed observers.
Also a round of applause for Ataturk, our national army museum had him in the top 5 of Britain's greatest opponents and rightly so, a worthy and honourable adversary indeed. His words for the British fallen at Gallipoli are on a memorial at the National Memorial Arboretum:
"There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours... You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace."
I cried. He didn't have to be so magnanimous, and yet.
we included the 1922 committee specifically because it was in the news again recently.
Mustafa Kemal was a peaceful man. RİP.
"...in coming and dying on these lands they have become our sons as well"
RIP to the ANZACS and Turks
It seems both of them didn't learned what happened to their troops and ANZAC during the Gallipoli Campaign, and didn't see the strong feelings of nationalism in the Türkiye army during the Greek-Turkish War
It's still amazing how Turks can managed to hold their country from being annexed, from WW1 until this war
The Chanak crisis is well remembered in Canada too as it is considered their first independent diplomatic act against direct British interests. The political fallout led to the Statue of Westminster in 1931. The whole incident is now regarded as a footnote in textbooks but is surprisingly important in its after-effects.
It is interesting also to note the Treaty of Lausanne is currently being challenged by the current Turkish government who want to regain control of martime territories surrounding Greek islands that were ceded to Greece in this treaty.
Such effortless pronunciation from Jesse, from Afrikaans to Japanese through Russian, Hungarian, French, and countless more, but finally tripped up by Welsh! (Great video as always, well done GW team!)
I suspected as much!
Unfortunitely greece learn nothing from past, still far from indepentency still toy of western imperials.
Effortless indeed, but effortlessly erroneous in pronunciation of Turkish words, I'm afraid. Don't understand why. It's so easy to find the correct pronunciation on the Net.
What about African languages?? Tonga. Zulu .suthu
His German is great too.
Ernest Hemingway's report is pretty ironic because that was the situation of the millions of Muslims and Turks who fled from Balkans to Konstantiniyye to save themselves from the Balkan powers during the First Balkan War.
"They were the last of the glory that was Ottoman Empire"
Well there was no genocide of Muslims in Europe and they committed many atrocities during the Balkan wars especially against Bulgarians.
@@Vishnujanadasa108 You made me laugh, don't be funny. How about the genocide committed against Muslim civilians in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1992-1995 in the middle of Europe in the 20th century?
@@Vishnujanadasa108 Oooooof course, of course you guys are always innocent.
@@Vishnujanadasa108 Lolll mandirchap🤣🤣
@@Vishnujanadasa108 LOL
Non ending innocence of Christians huh?
sure sure ofc ..
My Grandfather was a Greco-ottoman soldier. After the great war, he was left stranded in South Arabia as he didn't know where to go back to. His family and relatives were forced to evacuate their Greek village in Thrace and had no idea where they are or if they actually survived the barbaric massacres conducted by the Greek Christians against the Greek Muslims in Thrace. He never went back and ended marrying my Somali Grandmother and settled in Somalia for a while before moving back to Aden (South Yemen) where he lived the remainder of his life. My father worked really hard before his passing to connect the lineage and found his family in Turkey. They said they tried their best to find their brother but it was chaos and complete madness at the time that they just assumed he passed away and moved on. we are so happy to finally meet our extended family from the Aegean sea.
Watching this really made me wonder the amount of hardship my relatives went through. They lost so many of their relatives in the chaos. Truly a sad history that I feel the Greek government at the time carries its responsibility for the unnecessary gamble to inflict damage on the Turks and specially the innocent population in Anatolia. They could've preserved human life and tried a more humane way to garner support but they chose bloodshed which cost them Anatolia and the revenge killings of Christian Greeks in Asia minor
Did you know what happened before this? Or is that just revisionist history? Revenge doesn't really make revenge, but there were clear reasons they did what they did (humans always have reasons). Before any of that...they were occupied and being murdered.
@@nerdSlayerstudioss People alwayd do what they experienced, this is an infinite Revenge Chain, both the Greeks and Turks are not innocent only the innocent people of both sides suffered, If they have ever tried to contribute into this conflict in a more humane way things would be different...
Read Zorba, people. Thanks for sharing the incredible story of your grandfather, by the way!
These are historical events in which some honorable and proud events took place in our past, but in reality a lot of sadness, tears and losses were experienced. I hope that every modern person is aware that we leave these events in the past and that we learn lessons from them.
The civilization we have developed now allows us to live together! We can live together very well. And even every contemporary who can read this day well realizes that when there is destruction somewhere, it affects the whole globe. Syria is one of the current examples. Refugees, economic balance, everything is upside down.
I think that in the 19th century, we left behind to act with the intelligence of populist politicians, in line with the interests of various power groups.
Love to all, bright tomorrows.
from Turkey!
❤❤❤❤❤
Το ποιο ωραίο σχόλιο έτσι ακριβώς..ωραίος.
Kimse birlikte falan yaşayamaz polyanna
Amazing answer.
Greek with ancestry near Erdek/Artaki.
8:13 - As a Zimbabwean, I find it hilarious that he died from a monkey bite. I've literally never even heard of that happening to anyone; that it happened to a Greek prince just blows my mind. And the way he just breezed past it, I think we need a bit more context, lol.
Lol😀
There wasn't any medication for it. There is lots of illnesses that were dangerous back then that seems stupid nowadays.
Who knows if it was a monkey bite or poison? His death was beneficial to the Great Powers.
The monkey bit him twice,in his arm and then his leg.The leg trauma was quite deep, caused septicemia and he died a couple of weeks later.
From Wikipedia:
On 2 October 1920, Alexander was injured while walking through the grounds of the Tatoi estate. A domestic Barbary macaque belonging to the steward of the palace's grapevines attacked or was attacked by the king's German Shepherd Dog, Fritz, and Alexander attempted to separate the two animals. As he did so, another monkey attacked Alexander and bit him deeply on the leg and torso. Eventually servants arrived and chased away the monkeys, and the king's wounds were promptly cleaned and dressed but not cauterized. He did not consider the incident serious and asked that it not be publicized.
That evening, his wounds became infected; he suffered a strong fever and sepsis set in. His doctors considered amputating his leg, but none wished to take responsibility for so drastic an act. On 19 October, he became delirious and called out for his mother, but the Greek government refused to allow her to re-enter the country from exile in Switzerland, despite her own protestations. Finally, the queen dowager, Olga, George I's widow and Alexander's grandmother, was allowed to return alone to Athens to tend to the king. She was delayed by rough waters, however, and by the time she arrived, Alexander had already died of sepsis twelve hours previously at a little after 4 p.m. on 25 October 1920.
So funny that the greek school system does such a great job at being biased that I, as a greek, am on the second to last grade of school and we didn't touch on the fact that greece invaded turkey on such level, while the system really focuses on the distraction of smyrna and the refugees. I am honestly mad. Megali Idea is portrayed to us like it is not the core of the problem.
It isnt, the Megalí idea was to liberate the Turkish occupied Anatolian lands there is nothing ethically wrong with that whatsoever.
Turkey at that time had initiated with Germans the genocide of the Greeks . Read Fokaia 1915 genocide
I see thanks for educating me!
You are right that the school is not talking about this war, but not for what you think. The Great Idea, was about Constantinople and Smyrna, places that had been Greek for thousands of years... After the fall of Venizelos (who was the supporter of the Great Idea) the offensive began so to neutralize the Turkish forces, not to take the territories permanently, but it was a huge mistake and led to the Asia Minor disaster...
@@luciouspyro9524Türkiye didnt exist in 1915 🤷♂️
14:36 "Hattı müdafaa yoktur, sathı müdafaa vardır ve o satıh bütün vatandır!" This is Turkish version of this order. Gives me goosebumps every time i hear...
there were two main war strategy used in sakarya, one is to hit long supply lines with cavalary forces and make opponent to be starved. second was not to pull back the whole line even if the defense line is split/break, to build a trench 100-200 meters behind and reinforce it.
for the second strategy, greeks and english officers couldnt realised how to overcome because this kind of defence strategy havent used before. greeks moved forward only few kilometers within 22 days and starved because there was no supply. they were too away from railway points and they couldnt defend supply lines from turkish cavalary.
Merhabalar çeviride hata vardı sanırım . Çünkü Pontus mevzusunda olara tek taraflı bakılmış. Hatta genel olarak olaylar tek yönlü. İzmiri de biz yakmışız ya :)
Hannibal Barca the Carthaginian used this tactic against the Romans. Also in battle of Sakarya, the Greeks failed to secure in time the critical key defensive positions (Mangal Dag) just like the coalition failed to secure in time the key points in Canakkale. If the Greeks had been successful in breaching the defenses quickly then the cavalry harassment would had been useless. But such defensive positions demand a lot of manpower and artillery pieces to be breached correctly in time.
@@hellenick8867 there were two cavalary batallion in Sakarya as far as I remember. One is holding the southern part of infantry brigade in order to prevent any siege. Second was freely roaming from Konya to Eskişehir in order to prevent supply chain. I guess you mentioned the first one.
You re correct for the strategy part, but Greeks (England didnt help at all) knew what was happening... It was political reasons ( ambition, they were waiting English support, new political party that changed all generals and commanders because they were their people)
Brits used Greeks as BAIT . now US doing the same thing
I'm Greek and it's sad that some people don't understand this yet. We had claims to the region and the Brits used that to persuade us into joining their war-mongering adventure. Great shame.
The West always use other countries as a BAIT
How is US doing the same?
@@AimForMyHead81 us build huge military base on greek turk border
@@AimForMyHead81 they are brainwashing greeks to use them against us again but the outcoume will never change trust me :) just how the brits used greeks us is also manipulating and making them believe they can have some land from turkiye but it's delusional just how it was back in the day
I think I wrote the same under the previous video about the Greco-Turkish war but your pronunciation is the best I've seen among all the historians on youtube, well done sir
My family lost a lot in the First World War. Very few of those who went to the front were able to return. Later, the rest of my family was burned to death by the invading Greeks in Bilecik. Today, my lineage comes from the few children who survived that Greek massacre. They destroyed everything, killed everyone, then got on their ships and returned home... No one has the right to occupy another nation's lands or massacre its people. Because of these experiences, I was a rovanchist in my youth. I don't want war anywhere in the world anymore. Every nation should live in peace on its own land and these wars should end.
Fun fact: After the Battle of the Sakarya in 1921, 238 years Turks' retreating was ended and Turks' offensive was started.
Some thoughts and facts
16:27 : There's a march made by the Turkish Military Orchestrate named Anthem of Sakarya ("Sakarya Marşı" in tr., if you want to listen) in the honour of this battle; "Oh, at Sakarya, my home was saved." I recommend you check it out if you're into military marches!
9:40 : The government of Sultan at Istanbul decided to not send a delegate to the London Conference for the sake of the nation; because British had invited both the Ankara government led by Mustafa Kemal and the Istanbul government of Sultan in order to create a disarray along the Turkish side. As said, the Sultan decided not to sent a delegate to prevent the British plans, even though the Ankara government was their enemy.
14:37 : The first sentence in this quotation of him is very famous here in Turkey, and now reading it in English reminded me of Stalin's order 227. In fact, I came to realize how this whole war is like a mini-Barbarossa (invaded, even threatened the enemy capital at some point, eventually to get defeated in a crushing counter attack and got destroyed completely in the end.)
Ataturk had respect for the Sultan, for him, the sultan embodied centuries of turkish culture and tradition
@@shahriarhakim6673 Ataturk called the Sultan a Traitor.
@@95bekirable he called the pashas traitor who were negotiating, he never called the sultan anything negative because for him the sultan represented seven hundred years of turkish identity
@@shahriarhakim6673 gibberissh.. İstanbul goverment with its pashas and sultan as a whole was traitor for Kemal.. Anyone Who signed or stayed silent to sevres was a traitor
@@shahriarhakim6673 Read Nutuk and see how Ataturk calls the Sultan a Traitor, he did not have any positive feelings for the dynasty, called them parasites.
"Those who had sent their nation to war have now escaped, their only anxiety being their own welfare. Vahdettin, the one carrying the titles of Sultan and Caliph, degenerated; only dreaming of the ways to save his throne. The government under the grand vizirate of Damat Ferit Paşa, without honor, frightened and incompetent, under the command of the sultan and in the same boat as him, ready to accept anything for the sake of their lives."
"The enemy states were attacking the Ottoman State materially and psychologically; they were determined to partition it. The person carrying the titles of the sultan and caliph was only anxious to save his own life. The government was behaving similarly. The people left without guidance waited in darkness, anticipating an unknown future. Those who began to understand the horrible situation were contemplating the ways of salvation, turning to those tools familiar to them. The army existed only in name. The officers were exhausted after the Great War, while the terrible situation before them was tearing their hearts out, and still they were searching the ways to salvation. Here I want to stress one important thing. The army and the people were altogether unaware of the treachery of the sultan-caliph. They were attached to these institutions by their soul, an affection based on a tradition of several centuries. The people could not even consider their salvation without the guidance of the sultan-caliph."
"I took my turn to speak and I declared loudly: Gentleman, power and sovereignty are not given from one person to another by scholarly debates or polemics. Sovereignty is taken by force. The Ottomans took the sovereignty of the Turkish people by force. These usurpers managed to rule 600 years. Today the Turkish Nation has reclaimed that sovereignty for itself. This is an accomplished fact. There is no need to discuss this further. It is quite desirable that those present here can accept this truth. Otherwise some heads will roll during this process."
7:20. In late 1920, regular army had just been established. Its number 5-6 thousand in late 1920, it increased to 15-20 thousand in 1921 January, 40 thousand (plus 30 thousand deserters) in 1921 August (Battle of Sakarya) and 105 thousand in 1922 August (Great Offensive).
Dostum bu sayılar doğru değil, nüfusu 15 milyon ve 2/3' ünden fazlası kadın olan (erkeklerin de çoğu yaşlı, çocuk yahut gayritürklerdi) Anadolu nüfusundan 100 bin asker çıkmaz. Savaşlar sırasında binlerce kaçkın vardı.
Bu sayıları nerden elde ettin?
@@lobnoyemesto For January 1921: 14.596 soldier, 796 officer, 8.750 rifle, 63 gun. 1
1 Genel Kurmay Başkanlığı ATASE, Türk İstiklal Harbi, c. VI. İstiklal Harbinde Ayaklanmalar, p. 234.
For Battle of Sakarya August 1921: 40.000 soldier 2
2 Yetmişlik Bir Subayın Hatıraları. p. 241.
For Great Offensive August 1922: 100 thousand rifle 3, 110 thousand soldier 4
3 Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Siyasi Haıtralar, c. I. p. 45.
4 Fahrettin Altay, 10 Yıl Savaş (1912-1922) ve Sonrası (I don't remember page number).
@@lobnoyemesto nüfus o zaman 6,5 milyon bile değildi...
@@karacaddy o kadarda değil 10 milyon ciyariydi Türkiye kurulduktan 15 sene sonra 18 milyon olmuştur
@@kodflora İşgal altında olmayan bölgelerin nüfusu bu... Kurtuluştan sonra zaten anadolu büyük bir göç almıştır, özellikle balkanlardan..
Wow! Great documentary. My neighbour, uncle Giorgios Papavasiliu was refugee from Turkey and I was a kid but I remember the story of his wife who was Serbian talking story to my mom and I remember how much pain and despair were in that story but then I didn't realize it was that war. Later on, I studied it and I failed to know more from witness since uncle Ðorđe died in early 80's. He never spoke of it to us kids nor we asked. That video explains a loooot. Gosh, what a painful history of all Balkan nations as well as greed for more. Impressive tactic of Ataturk too. I realize more about some atrocities on all sides through described circumstances. And sure...Great Powers' interests always behind such conflicts. That war and aftermath is briefly covered in Serbian schools. Peace to the whole world from Serbia ✌️🇷🇸
I am also a Turk whose grandparents are from the Balkans. Currently, this village is within the borders of Bulgaria, but unfortunately it was a Turkish-Greek village when my grandparents lived. We were exiled to Anatolia with great pain. Unfortunately, peoples living together for centuries were turned against each other by the great European powers. Peace for all.
@@nasthuner ppls of Balkan know only of their wounds and their side pretending to be huge and important while they are small, divided and great target of Western and Eastern imperialists. My family suffered from Bulgarians in both WW but I am trying to understand all the sides. All I need is to rock'n'roll in freedom and peace and wish peace and freedom to all the peoples on this Earth. Sirbistan selamlar ✌️
@@zoranpavlovic9540çok güzel bir yorum 👍
@@Okeyad çok teşekkür ederim 👍
Then what happened to Alexander the great????😂😂😂😂
These documentaries are simply fantastic. Keep up the great work.
Came here from watching Turkish drama Vatanim Sensin. I started watching the series because of Hilal and Leon but stayed because of the story.
Got curious and so did a little research on the background of the war and this video helped A LOT. Thanks for this. Learned another part of history.
Same here
Same here
A bit late but Vatanım Sensin was loosely based on a real person, Mustafa Mümin Aksoy or "Gavur Mümin" as he was called.
21:44-22:22 Fun fact: In the Greek region of Chalkidiki, in the southern region of Macedonia, lie many hamlets and towns that are named after some of the towns and cities of Asia Minor. New Triglia and New Mudanya for example. There is even a church in the town of New Triglia (the original region in Bithynia, Asia Minor was home to the Archbishop of Smyrna Chrysostomos) that bears the Archbishop's name, honor, and legacy.
Cool fun fact 👍
@@mammuchan8923 when you see places in Greece with " nea- " ( new ) in their names 9 out of 10 used to be refugee communities 😉
@@Pavlos_Charalambous ahh, clever😎
The archbishop did not has any honor. He had advised Greek troops to drink Turkish blood as much as they can achieve. He provoked numerous atrocities against Turks. He died in a way that he deserved. We had 35.000 captives including many Greek generals. They were not executed. The archbishop was executed because of his crimes. He was a zealot bigot.
@@Pavlos_Charalambous same in Turkey. There it is "yeni" instead of "nea".
640,000 Turkish civilians were killed on the Western Front alone
Mustafa Kemal Pasha came to Istanbul by train from Adana on November 13, 1918, at noon, and on his way to Galata on the 'Kartal' steamboat he boarded from Haydarpaşa Train Station, he passed through the 55-piece occupation navy.
At that time, aide-de-camp Cevat Abbas points both the enemy battleships entering the strait and the ships coming slowly behind, pointing in the direction of the Marmara, and says in a sad and somewhat timid voice, "They are coming".
Mustafa Kemal Pasha looked in the direction his aide was pointing; Ships of the British navy, including the Greek battleship Averof, were slowly advancing from the Marmara to the strait.
In the evening hours of that day, they would anchor in front of Dolmabahçe Palace and turn their cannons into the palace of the sovereign state for centuries.
Mustafa Kemal Pasha remembered the wars fought in Çanakkale, the blood spilled and the lives lost so that these ships would not come here; Then he said in an angry, but also determined voice: "Yes, they come, they come, but one day as they have come ,so they will go"...
Search . ' Solving 9-11 By Christopher Bollyn . '
@@dreizdreiz9203 Your grandfathers when they drawning on the aegean sea side of İzmir and they beg for their lives and yelling ''Zito Kemal Zito Kemal Give Mercy''
@@TurkicWarrior What did your grandfathers yelled in tripolizza before they died to the last?
@@97655 Ottoman Empire didn't send an army to tripoli. Italy fought with local people😂
@@TurkicWarrior I know it was painful for you to got reminded that unfortunate incident by me but you are a proud brave warrior and you do things as you please. You are the best of the best turks are the best we greeks are so afraid of you hurray hurray. Ps.i was born in trippolizza you can come as a tourist and have a cup of coffee under kolokotronis statue and feel comfortable like your grandfathers.😊😊😊
1:10
"The United States has no appetite in the region besides sending humanitarian aid"
Well that was ironic
Probably they didn’t know where was the Dardanelles and Constantinople
@@lst141 i am prety sure most of them stil dont
Americans only deal with Turkey on Thanksgiving
If I recall their battleships were just watching when people from Smyrna were drowning in front of em to escape the fires.Thats how much neutral they were in this.
Let's be clear... It was not only War of Greek and Turks! In facto, It was the War of British, France and Italian backed Greeks against Turks!
No. See how much involvement Germany had, both economically and militarily,as well. See how much infrastructure was made by the German state. They owned Kemal. Also, Bolsheviks contributed. But Germans had clear plans how to mantain their infuence.
@@leockp8003 Germany had been defeated well before this war and were in no position to help anyone
@@leockp8003 Lol germans?? Wtf
@@leockp8003 copium
@@leockp8003 You must loosen a few screws up there laddy
Teşekkürler.
Treaty of Sevres: Let's occupy Anatolia
Mustafa Kemal: Hold my raki.
Raki, the only thing that will forever unite the Balkans
@@gnas1897 let's make a balkan pact
@@gnas1897 Actually other than name, Turkish raki is completely different thing from Balkan one...
atatürkün kurtardığı memlekette değil atatürkün zamanında 40 lira maaşla geçinen dedelerinin kurtardığı memlekette yaşıyorsun
@@Traderrocky2004 yani?
How Byzantine of the Greeks. Internal struggle effecting the unity of effort and causing a loss.
Some things never change.
So what? Turks also had internal struggle. Caliph follower islamists and nationalists were aganist eachother
@@fwrususes5125 Since the Turks won the war, they aren't in a position to use that internal struggle as an excuse to being wrecked on the battlefield.
So for the Greeks, it works for them.
Balkan wars and WW1, etnic cleansing only happened to Turks. Greeks and the rest of the Balkans "cleaned up" Balkans from Turks. About 4 to 6 million Turkish people were either died or displaced. That mass displacements help Anatolia to homogenize and increase the ratio of Turks, and help Turks to have more manpower when fighting this war, and the war with France-Armenia in the east.
thank you. It was as unbiased and explanatory as possible.
So well done, guys! Thank you for another great (war) episode!
2023
Savaş ve Harika !!!
It's funny that the allies couldn't defeat the Turks after the first world war yet Germany signed a peace treaty willingly instead to fight on after the armistice despite the horrible conditions of the treaty.
Maybe it would have gotten a better outcome for the Germans.
There was a big difference in political will though. The Allies still had public support and political will to impose their peace on Germany in 1919, but not on the Turks, especially by 1921-22.
@@jessealexander2695 Thank you for your answer.
From your point of view, for how long could have the Germans fought on in WW1 if they wouldn't have signed the Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919?
Was there a chance for a defensive war in the west? Assuming there would be no second front.
@@marceldavis5600 After the summer 1918 Allied breakthroughs in the west, and the Allied breakthrough in the Balkans in September, the Germans were already fighting a losing defensive war. They might have continued for a few weeks or maybe a couple of months after November 11, 1918, depending how far into Germany they wanted to fight. But their army did not want to fight and was already suffering from many men surrendering.
@@jessealexander2695 In my opinion germany could defense themselves because ottoman was a sick of europe man last 200 years they called for ottoman and there wasnt any techcnological weapon, ship, plane also the ottoman cant producing let me give an example; you can manufacture 10 minutes in a carpet in ottoman empire that time was 6 mont this is huge differences in brief germany was better than ottoman at every status, So german people could defense their homeland this is easly stop the ally compared to the ottoman
@@gloserkiyors954 The difference is that the Allies had a small number of troops in Turkey after 1918, and millions ready to use in Germany. The Germans could not have defended themselves anymore.
"Bir avuç dolusu Türk, dünyaya meydan okudu"
Komutan larımızdan mı bahsetdiyorsun? Aslında Askerlerimiz ve vatan sayesinde kazandık😊
@@duyguozturk759
Tek Türk Atatürk 🇹🇷🐺
@@duyguozturk759 atatürkün örgütlemesi ve askeri dehasıyla kazandık bu ülkeye onun gibi bi lider artık gelmez die düşünüyorum çok nankör bir milletiz zamanında fatih sultan mehmete yapılan atatürke yapılıyor
Incredible episode. Really glad you focus on these very important, but lesser known (in the west) post-war events.
Greeks: Oh no our economy and allied support is collapsing we can't win a offensive war
At the same time Turks: haha we don't even have economy to get worse and no allies to lost. liberation go brrrt
No allies???? Everybody was supporting Kemal !!!! what are you talking about ??????
@@petekay6509 who's everybody? Apart from some arms from Russia
@@isshyboy and we buyed that arms with a fricking CITY
No allies ??? The bolsheviks ,the Italian and lastly the anglo and French who betrayed Greece in order to maximize their gains in the middle east became your allies!!!
@@hoplite101able No help on the battlefield. Stop trying to make excuses for your defeat. You fought well but were soundly beaten at the end, even with all the military advantages you had with equipment and manpower!!
The sun might have set on the formidable British empire, but not on the conflicts it’s left behind & French are also not too behind. These colonial power are the main cause of all conflicts we are witnessing in modern world.
Us Greeks have been fighting civil wars since the ancient times. Even during live or die moments for our history (1821 liberation and 1919 war) we still dont want to see another Greek take all the power.
Greece spread itself too thin in Asia Minor & Anatolia and the political instability back home sealed the fate of the campaign. Attrocities on both sides were tragic, but unsurprising given the history of the Ottoman & Greek Revolution era.
The Turks commited an organised genocide. There can be no comparison to whatever the Greek army did during the retreat. There was no ethnic cleansing of Turks during the Balkan wars nor during WW1. The main reason the army went to Anatolia was the genocide. Venizelos was under immense political pressure to react to to the hundreds of refugees arriving daily in the islands and Thrace screaming for help. The famous telegram from the Episkopos of Pontus during WW1 about the genocide that was taking place by the young Turks says it all
@@vonzuchteroh yunan
Oh well at least from all this tragedy we got a new music genre from the refugees,Rebetiko.The Greek blues you could say.
Yes and no. Had the Greek leadership know of the betrayal of the allies that was too come, then I'd agree. But it was hard to predict such a thing.
Had the allies kept their promises of supplying arms, ammunition and troops the Greeks would've decisively won the war.
Had the allies not give the Greek army false hopes and bait them into attacking deep into Anatolia, then the region of Smyrna and East Thrace would still be Greek. Meaning that if the Greek army had held the line of their given part, they would've defended it successfully from the Turkish army.
There was no ethnic cleansing of Turks in the Balkan Wars?? There were literal concentration camps for Muslims of the area. Around %25 of the Turkish population were killed in WW1.
When Turks die, it's "just war", but you call it a genocide when Christians die. You are a joke
The greeks werent invited to occupy Asia Minor, they were promised it to join on the Entente's side and not the german one.
Tarihi Şan, Şeref, Zafer, Kahramanlar ve Güzel İnsanlar ile dolu olan Yüce Büyük Türk Milleti. Zaferlerimiz Daim Olsun. Var Olsun Mustafa Kemal Yürekli Başkomutanlar!🇹🇷
@Konstantin Trehagyrevopoulos 600 Yıl milyonlarca km topraklara adalet ve sevgi ile hükmeden Osmanlı'yı özlüyoruz.
@Konstantin Trehagyrevopoulos Osmanlı'nın adaleti ve Hoşgörüsünü şöyle tarif edebiliriz; Ortadoğu'ya 400 yıl hükmetti ve adaletle yönetti 1915 yılından sonra yavaş yavaş arabistan ve ortadoğudan çekildi. O gün bu gün ortadoğu'da kan durmadı Osmanlı gitti adalet gitti. Aynı şey Kafkasya için de geçerli Osmanlı gitti Azeriler, Ruslar, Gürcüler, ve Ermeniler birbirine düştü. Balkanlarda da böyle oldu. Osmanlı nereden çıktıysa orda adalet kalmadı.
''My humble body will one day be grounded, but the Republic of Turkey will remain forever. '' - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
''Peace at home, peace in the world.'' - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
''America, Europe and the whole civilized world must know that the people of Turkey, like every civilized and capable nation, have firmly decided to live unconditionally free and independent. Any force that attempts to overturn this rightful decision will remain the eternal enemy of Turkey.'' - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Thank you for this excellent documentary!
Greece had and still today have a big appetite 😅
Really sick of one sided view is presented as "equal". you should have mentioned what archbishop has done during greeks invading. Much of equality we can get is, Turks have 5000 cavalry, but poor Greeks have "JUST one thousands", never mind the triple artillery and machine guns count in any battle, or the modern transportation vehicles provided to Greeks by Allies or plane numbers. But poor greeks lost because they didn't have any cavalry, how could they win ? and disaster happened, Turks country invaded. they have been butchered, but falling back greek army is disaster. Keep exaggerating Greeks and Allies war actions in heroism and so called Turkish atrocities/genocide, while undermining Turks heroism and Greeks genocide.
Hypocrite western approach, nothing new here... They need to use their bthrt cream to ease their pain for centuries to come.
Adamsın
"They will leave as they came"
- M. Kemal Ataturk
Thank you for this video. I've been wanting to know about this war for years now. Great job. Thanks again!
Dude just to know greece was the resistance
The Brits and the French forbid the Greeks to capture Constantinople?
Wow... that could be a game changer.
If they let Greeks to occupy İstanbul we had much easy time in Anatolia.
@@onurpinar232 Why do you think that?
The Greek army Corp of eastern Thrace was already a few km outside of Constantinople.
@@CaptainHarlock-kv4zt I know but if you were to occupy İstanbul you would need more forces which you didnt have. Thats the reason you dispatched some of the divisions from Anatolia Army to Thrace.
@@onurpinar232 The plan was to capture Constantinople in order to reach an agreement in Anatolia and if not it would still be a massive move since Constantinople was the only thing that could unite Greeks at this point. At least a lot of them.
@@onurpinar232 The biggest problem of the Greek side(even bigger than the logistics of this whole endeavor) is that they entered a war while being extremely divided between Venizelists and Royalists. Thousands of them hated each other more than they hated the Turks.
It's crazy how much some Turks resemble Germans and Scandinavians
Turks ain't white
@@wankawanka3053 more then Greeks 😂
i am one of them
No one believes or can guess that I am Turkish 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
Otin von Tyrkenland
A question: If you had to leave a place, would you burn that place out of anger with the sadness and revenge of not being able to have that place again, or would you protect a piece of land belonging to your own country that you regained ? Although it is a well-known fact with the evidence that the Greeks burned the city while escaping from İzmir, it is nothing but black propaganda to say that the Turks did it here. Western countries have always been in alliance with Greece and have stood against Türkiye because their interests are the same as Greece's and they belong to the same religion.
One of the best one-sided documentary about the topic on yt
The nation will be saved by its determination and perseverance -Mustafa Kemal
Nice work ! Thanks. This war has shown the world once again how patriotic Turks can become (even at very weak circumstances) when their independence is at stake. Yes we might have controversial issues at home, but when our future is at risk we immediately forget about differences and unite very strongly against the enemy. Thats why, starting from central asian times, Turks have established 16 different states in history and never been ruled by a foreign power ever.
@Bob Mar Avrupalılar bizim tarafımızda olmadıklarından ötürü bizi kötülemek işlerine geliyor. Zaten çoğu ırkçı, bir iki tane Suriyeli görseler ölecekler sanki.
@Bob Mar tüm gayrimüslimler osmanlı altında dünyanın hiçbiryerinde yaşamadıkları rahatlıkla yaşamış yahudiler hristiyanlar yunanlar. ilk sallantıda bu şekilde bağımsızlık istenip ayaklanırsan her türlü katliamı soykırımı karşında bulursun. EN BÜYÜK KATİL BİZİZ.
No hate dude, but literally, the Turks did have that many states because they were fleeing many different invasions. Russia and China ruled the Stans ( the original Turks ) for approximately 900 years. The very reason Turks settled in Anatolia was fleeing invasions in their homeland
@@jeffkarin7894 Start from those times then :)
@@jeffkarin7894 I suggest you research about why the Great Wall of China was built.
Atatürk's tactic , that was in action, was flexible frontline. Greek Army thought that if they break the line they will win the battle. They did it in first phrase of Sakarya Battle but Turkish Army continuned to battle.
Greek Army planned to encircle Turkish Army as attacking south but Turkish Army put reserve brigade to the front each time, while Greek Army was increasing distance to logistic center Turkish Army was discreasing it.
End of the battle Turkish Army pushed back Greek Army where the battle started.
Thanks!
Olm adam ne yapsın bizim gariban paramıì😂
Savaş iyi bir şey değil. 10:40 şimdi çok şükür Binlerce cesur ve çok zeki Topal Osman'lar var Karadeniz'de. Biz Karadeniz Türkleri çok özeliz. Duruşuna ve asaletine iyi bakın. 🇹🇷🍀
أنا أعشق تركيا و احب ان ازورها دائما.
فلسطيني
Karadeniz uşağının yoktur can yelekleri
Kavga
Cem Karaca
MY GRAND FATHER, HASAN ÇAVUŞ, WAS A VETERAN IN THIS WAR, HIS BODY HAS A BULLET IN HIS FEET WITH 80 PIECES OF SHAPELLE 🇹🇷
Dedene kurban kardeşim
@@GG-gh8dy dedemin babası Hasan çavuş 4 kardeşi şehit babası sarıkamış'ta donmuş dedesi yine Ortadoğu'da Gazi Bizim aile hep asker şehit gazi sadece dedemin babası Gazi olarak kalmış o da olmasa sülale kuruyormuş Allah tüm şehitlerimizden razı olsun tüm gazilerimizden tüm vatanseverlerimizden savaşa gitmek isteyip de gidemeyen Allah onlara da O sevabı yazsın inşallah
@@birolpursah8791 Benim de dedemin babasının babası Sarıkamışta şehit. Gözcü birliğinde, rus bombardımanında şarapnel vücudunu parçalamış şehit düşmüş. Dedemin annesinin babası Çanakkale'de şehit. Dedemin babası da gazi. Ruhları şad olsun.
@@GG-gh8dy demek ki ikimizin de atası orada şehit olmuş nerelisin kardeşim ben Ordu ünye'liyim
@@birolpursah8791 memnun oldum kardeşim Elazığlıyım ben de
Ordular ilk hedefiniz Akdeniz ileri!
yanlış tarafa gitmişler egeye o zaman harita bulunmayınca zaar
@@turkishlidyal3266 eskiden Ege’ye İç Akdeniz denir ve Akdeniz’le bir bütün olarak görülürdü
@@turkishlidyal3266 çok cahilsin. Bir de şey bilmiyorsan konuşma, dinle.
@@ketchupinpasta1392 yabancılarda hala öyle aslında Yunanlar ve Türkler ege diyor bi
@@OguzhanCirit_ Genel bölge konuşulacaksa Akdeniz havzası denir ama özele inildiğinde Ege'ye farklı bir deniz olarak bakılıyor ve politik yaklaşım da buna göre şekilleniyor
Fabulous, fascinating documentary - very impressed with many aspects of it but particularly the trouble you took with names and pronunciations. Marvellous, thank you.
Outstanding video! Great work!
Awesome! I’ve been waiting on this channels covering of the 2nd half of the Greco Turkish war since you covered the earlier parts in earlier videos.
7 nation army can’t stop Turkish empire 🦾
As a Turk, I would understand if Greeks fought us for their own benefits, but I really don't get why they fought for the benefit of the third parties who sent them to the battle field to perish. Instead,they could have cooperated with their Turkish neighbours, they would be a powerful nation today.
Because venizelos was a free mason a jew and a puppet of the rest free masons and simply followed orders of the allied antad. He did his job gave kemal a nobel and retired rich. The king also was of the old school like the ottoman royal line and waged war against the freemason kemal. Notice the pattern: venizelos attacks the sultan then the sultan gets replaced by kemal and then the kings party wins greek elections and attacks kemal. And when all this ends venizelos awards kemal the nobel prize. Lenin also a free mason supported kemal while attacked the sultan. Bu@@it man a lot of blood gets spilled for secret agendas and the suckers fight for scraps.
"In the parlance of the epoch (early 19th century), ALL MUSLIMS were referred to as "Turks", REGARDLESS of what their ethnicity would be considered today."
Roderick Beaton, Greece: Biography of a Modern Nation, pp. 123
and?
The barbaric treaties ending WW1 were not so carved in stone. A nation willing to fight achieves it's goals and revives! Unfortunately our army disintegrated on enemy soil and got captured following many other disasters preventing Hungary to keep fighting...
🐺
Did you have an army that will not be disbanded in 100 years. The USA is trying to turn you into UKARANI, you still can't wake up, respect..
One of the most important reasons for the beginning of the Turkish national movement was the experienced generals in the Ottoman army. Long live Turkey, long live Hungary
As if you could fight against Serbian army. Please.
Admittely the Ottomans and Austro-Hungarians got a harsh, real treaty (unlike the soft one the ungrateful Germans got), but "barbaric"? Barbaric was the attrocious war they launched, and the millions they killed in their primal thirst for land.
They got what they deserved (except Germany, and we know how that ended).
Bir ülke için çok değil mi bir çok ülkenin düşmanca tutum içine girmesi vatan savunmasımda can veren şehitlerimizin ruhu şaad olsun 💪🇹🇷
That's easy for you to say
Ur homeland ??? Didn't u migrate there through war ?
@@TheGreekCatholic Thats how you get your soil through history of humanity. Did you come out of the ground like vegetables in Greece? According to archeology, all human kinds came from Africa. So lets go all back to Africa hand to hand.
@@TheGreekCatholic🇹🇷🇰🇿🇭🇺🇦🇿🇺🇿🇹🇲🇰🇬 KADINLARINIZ BİZİM
00:04 The Greco-Turkish War led to the rise of modern Turkey and the end of Greater Greece.
02:48 Rise of Turkish nationalism against European and Greek troops
05:38 Treaty of Sevres led to tensions and conflicts
08:20 Greece in turmoil after King Alexander's death and return of King Constantine.
11:11 Greek attempts to break the stalemate and win the war
13:50 Greek plan to distract and destroy Turkish forces
16:35 Turkish Nationalist Army gained strength and momentum
19:15 Turkish forces gained advantage over Greek army in the Greek-Turkish War 1919-1923
21:48 The Greek-Turkish War led to massive suffering and political upheaval.
24:24 The Greco-Turkish War led to a lasting peace with population exchange and confirmed borders.
26:57 The Greek-Turkish War 1919-1923 discussed in a book
I love how in all these battles,.....Germans ,Italians , French and British, are always local observers. ........one would hope thats all they were.
The exchange of people based on religion was absolutely faulty. Because a lot of Christian Turks - Karamans and Kipchags left Eastern Anatolia. Parallelly thousands of ethnic Greeks that once were converted to Islam settled in Anatolia.
Greko Turkish and Armeno Turkish nemesis is the most meaningless thing to me. Because these people are culturally and genetically so close to each other. Peace on you friends
they are called karaman greeks. Turcophones but greek christian ortodox.
Turkey never fought with Greece alone. They fought with British forces backed with Greece. Greece has always been a “puppet” country designed by British mindset against Turkey. Unfortunately nowadays we see the same aggression behavior from Greece again. They think USA going to back them up but it is going to be a second Ukraine case. I hope Greece takes some lessons from history otherwise they will have to learn how to swim back to Greece again like their ancestors..
There is some truth in your words. You just have to consider WHY the Greeks prefer the Westerners...
You should say a huge spasiba to the soviet komies all day - every day for the provision of guns, food and money, otherwise there would be no such a thing as "Turkey" today...
And don't forget the ussr helping the turks and being the first country to recognise them
Hmm.
You are a bit unfair. Why do you forget Russians and Germans? They backed you up many times especially at the war of 1923 by providing you weapons and funds. And if you are writing about lessons you should remember also our teaching to you in Tripolitsa at 1821, the battle of Dervenakia at 1822, the Balcan wars, when we kicked you out from our northern lands and of course the Naval battle at Limnos where your ancestors swam... You need to be fair mate and equal when you compare situations! Your nation is not made of steel!😉
I love our Greek neighbors, friends and family and I am Turkish. No one will ever divide us!
italy+uk+france+greece vs turkey
You should say a huge spasiba to the soviet komies all day - every day for the provision of guns, food and money, otherwise there would be no such a thing as "Turkey" today...
Try are all joke for us Turks no match bring some aliens from another planets probably they have a chance
Some key information that may expand and alter the viewpoint of u.
Italy was a key player in the Greek-Turkish war:
-Italy had a war with Turkey in Maghreb (Libya). They struggle to win and had terrible losses or casualties against inferior guerilla warriors. They captured for prestige Dodecanese and a significant part of Southern Minor Asia.
-British and French were allies and antagonists at the same time. Although they were both against the Italian intervention in Minor Asia therefore they utilized Greece for their proxy war.
-Venizelos had a strong relation and friendship with British Lloyd George. For lloyd George Venizelos was a trusted friend and ally.
-King Konstantinos was hated by allies because his family relations and preference over Germany and central powers. When Greece had to choose sides he proposed neutrality everytime even when against Greek interests in order to satisfy his personal preferences.
-Venizelos sent troops to Ukraine against the red army and in favor of Tsar and white army troops. It was a disaster for the Andante that almost triggered a war between french and greek battalions. It also was a trigger for Bolsheviks to react against the big greek diaspora in Russian regions and later on to support economically and militarily Mustafa Kemal.
-Venizelos underestimated the populists and the fanatism of anti-Venizelists. They promised that greek soldiers would return to their homes but in the end they continued the war with more recklessly than ever. With the greek economy near the collapse, they played the fates of millions of Greeks to a dice.
-Atrocities happened mostly by monarchists/ supporters of Konstantinos, not much by regular army (especially when Venizelos was in leadership). Actually the had orders to be neutral and to be very sever with provokers/supernationalists.
-Many Konstantine supporters had a weird far right believe in favor of Greek expansion but a hate against Venizelos supporters. They actually discussed the Greeks of Minor Asia becuase they are mostly supporters of Venizelos. They had no intention the new territories to weaken their future once and for all in the upcoming elections...
-Prince Andreas, brother of Konstantinos and father of queen Elizabeth of England was cavalry officer. He was very enthusiast soldier but he was not brilliant at all in his administration. His soldier nicknamed him "Kapsokalivas" (wooden cabin igniter) because he lacked skills but he was expert to burn Turkish little cabins and villages in the countryside.
-Prince Andreas was sentenced to death but saved by intervention of British and other diplomats. He almost executed, he was expelled by Greek state but still felt more Greek than Danish. He was burried in Greece in 1944. Although his son king Philip and Philip's wife ueen Elisabeth of UK never arrived in Greece because of the above unfortunate story.
-When the economy and the front collapsed Monarchists and Antivenizelists the did their best in order to leave the Greek population unaware of their fates because they hated and afraid them at the same time. Even the Greek fleet was ordered to prevent(!) immigrants to travel in Greek islands or mainland(!!!). Dead people cannot vote and dead people cannot riot against bad administration. Therefore the Greek Army dictated and made it's best to calm and abandon the unarmed greek people of Minor Asia for the upcoming slaughter... Unfortunately this is not a conspiracy theory.
-Many from the "Anti-Venizelists" during and after the expedition cried in streets or newspapers "We do not want them" (the new territories) or "we do not want them". They prefered a little, smaller, more "proud" and more original Greece with no lands that were also populated with other ethnicities.
-One very important detail many historians and military analysts ignore are that Greek population was under continuous war effort for almost a decade : two Balkan wars, WW1, expedition in Krimea/Ukraine and for sure the big expedition in Minor Asia. The population and the families were exhausted by the continues struggle.
-Another key element was that when the lands in the Aegean islands and the North Greece were liberated tensions started between the people about the ways the will handle or share or divide the lands, especially the ones Turks abandoned. The tensions have been increased even more when millions of people moved from Greece and Turkey and vice versa. Too many claims, too many contradictions about what a fair share is.
🇹🇷🇬🇷
Ne mutlu Türküm diyene! M.K.A🇹🇷
This so-called "Asia Minor Campaign" was, in fact, a war of independence. It marked the heroic resistance of the Turkish people, who, under the command of the century's genius, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, shattered the chains of captivity. This followed the systematic and widespread invasion attempts that began with the Battle of Gallipoli, during which millions of Muslim Turks lost their lives.
Thanks to Russians.
My grandfather, when he was 3 year old, had to walk 150km from Uşak to Denizli, when they lost their parents during greek occupation with his 5 year old brother. No attrocies or pain is worse than others or make it legal to inflict pain to one other but when it is done to Turkish people, it is scorch earth tactics or just some atrocies because no western journalist cared for their lives or they prefered to looked other way. The archbishop who was killed after the reoccupation of İzmir where advocating greek soldiers to kill as many Turkish as possible, while and saying that he would like to drink Turkish blood. And while greek people were living Anatolia, many Turkish people had to leave greece under the similar conditions but again that is not important because they were Turks. Ironicaly most of the people who came from balkans are not Turks. Most of them are descendants of local people who became muslim. Hope you guys would try to be unbiased next time
sen balkanlardan gelenlere TURK degilsiniz mi diyorsun ?
@@bakrdemir8656bir kısmı türk kökenli ama gelenler arasında müslüman olduğu için gelen kisiler de az değildir muhtemelen nüfus degisimi etnik kokenden çok dine göre yapıldı
@@bakrdemir8656 Türk değildi demiyorum. Ama sadece dini müslüman olduğu için gönderilenler var. Mesela hristiyan karaman Türkleri mübadele sırasında karamana gönderildiler.