Are MRIs safe?
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- Опубликовано: 30 ноя 2015
- Are there any dangers associated with receiving an MRI and how exactly does an MRI work? Is it safe? Medical imaging, specifically magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has come so far that we can create high resolution images of the entire body. The technology utilizes a cylindrical cavity surrounded by a giant electromagnet, and the magnetic field though the cavity is used to image body tissue.
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Decommissioned MRi footage courtesy of PractiCalFMRI: practicalfmri.blogspot.com/
MRI animation footage courtesy of NIBIB
Thanks to Dr. Meg Richman for allowing us to MRI fruit and to Dr. Mike Casale for his interview on fMRIs.
Music: RUclips and APM
Videography: Jabril Ashe sefd.com/science
Stock footage: shutterstock.com
When MRI was first invented, it was initially called "Nuclear Resonance Imaging." However, no one wanted to use it because everyone was afraid of the word "Nuclear" in the title. Therefore, it was renamed "Magnetic Resonance Imaging", and even though the nothing about the underlying technology had changed, everyone now felt that it was safe to use.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Nice :) Waiting for your videos as well :)
It's called Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, actually.
+IamGrimalkin, some people call it Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (and I have called it that too in the past), but the word "nuclear" is usually left out, because this word makes people think that there is nuclear radiation involved, even though there is not.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky
Of course MRI is a further development of NMR, but used for imaging, so calling it NMRI isn't much of a stretch, though it should really have a much more creative acronym.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Just tell them it might give them super powers and they will be lining up to get an MRI.
I worked in a medical center and during construction and installation, an MRI was turned on before anyone checked for nearby metal. A minute later an acetylene tank in the next room came crashing through the wall and hit the MRI so hard it left a dent.
omg, that mustve been scary
That’s awesome! Reminds me of x men
Every MRI centre I've used has a collection of nasty things that happen if you aren't careful. My main place has a picture of a bicycle stuck on the machine. They swear it didn't happen in their machine....
Thanks for this video! I'm sure my students will love it! I plan on showing it in class tomorrow! You should do some of the others like EEG, CT, and PET scans!
Great video Dianna. I learned a lot
Thanks for filming you helpful, talented man!
Here's the real hero
Seen MRI machines all the time but had no idea on how it works & precautions before entering it. Interesting stuff :)
Glad you did this video! I just had my first MRI a week ago and was curious about how it worked and if there were any dangers.
Thanks for the explanation. This was way more better than what I learned in school. Now I can easily explain to my patients
Your videos are getting better and better.
Keep up the good work!
Wow! I love the work you do!! I really like this channel and the content you provide :)
Great video. Tks for this amazing job you've done.
You are a legend! The way you explain stuff with your sweet voice is just awesome! Thank you for answering so many burning questions i always had in my mind.
Very understandable and informative. You have a new sub. Thank you!
Your channel has grown so much in the last few years! Holy moly! Congrats
As always, thanks for your awesomeness :D
another amazing video, good going
Dear PhysicsGirl,
What effect do MRI's have on naturally occurring ferrous metals in the body? In particular, I'm thinking of the iron our body uses in red blood cells.
Thanks for yet another awesome video!
Iron in our body is not present in free form... It's part of haemoglobin... Thus it doesn't get effected by magnets at all
Another great vid, keep it up!
Watching you smiling, enjoying and getting excited about physics at 6 am, what a great way to start my day. Thank You :)
I was literally looking up how an MRI works last week. this video was much simpler :)
I check everyday for your video.. And I love the way you explain things.. Its because of you, I got interest in physics so now I check with other physics related youtube channels also, but you are my no1 favorite...
You are doing great job. Appreciate it.
I can imagine your channel in a year having at least 500k subscribers.. Fun and educational videos!
Your channel is awesome,you deserve much more attention.
I glad u post & thanks.
Thanks, this helped me a lot!
Stopping by to see your old videos at the time you are struggling with post covid syndrome. Thank you for the body of your work. Best wishes!
You could look into:
blast welding which is pretty cool, you basicly weld 2 pieces of metal together with an explosion.
Fusion reactors.
Thorium / molten salt reactors.
The natural nuclear reactor that was running a few thousand years ago, aka a fission reactor that arose naturally. (Oklo / Gabon)
Burning coal mines.
The ongoing fission in the earths core.
How the different types of nuclear weapons work.
A few tips for your channel if you are interested, might take some travelling to get to make a video of, but most can be done through animations, this is at least some things i am interested in and if something peaks your interest look it up.
+Daniel Lassander you seem like a pyromaniac.
+Supreet Sahu Us pyromaniacs are many. :)
Supreet Sahu
I just want to see the world burn! :P
+Daniel Lassander Ooh. I'd watch those!
Thanks Physics Girl, very interesting video
Awesome timing, had one of these yesterday (precautionary). I rather enjoyed the process, though the various sounds and their levels caught me off guard! I expected it to have some form of 360 degrees of rotation behind the tube, making it more or less silent.
Really cool video!
Thanks for the effort
Can you do a video on ionising vs non-ionising radiation? :)
Great video - very much appreciated. Someday I'd love to see a video demonstrating how they do MRIs on people with cochlear implants and how the implants affect the MRI image. Each of my implants includes a small magnet under the skin: one MRI option is a special bandage to "brace" the implants' magnets and another is to cut a couple of slits to temporarily remove the magnets. And even with the magnets removed, the remaining portion of the implants apparently casts a large "shadow" on the MRI images. (Either way the max MRI strength for me is limited to 1.5 T.)
And a topic idea for a future Physics Girl video might be explaining how cochlear implants work. Magnets, magnetic induction, and direct electrical stimulation of nerves - what more could a pretty girl like you want? Maybe Cochlear or one of the other implant manufacturers would sponsor such a video?
Hi ! I'm a 9 year-old girl. I love watching your videos to learn physics! You talked about possible dangers of bringing metal objects in the MRI room but didn't really talk about how MRI scans may impact your brain functions. Is it really safe to have brain MRI?
Hi Maya, this comment is 5 years old so likely you will not read this, but for those who are, brain MRIs are completely safe. MRI does not use any ionizing radiation (like x-rays or CT scans) therefore there is no risk of cancer from repeated scans. All an MRI does is apply several magnetic fields to generate a series of responses that formulate an image. The only risk from the magnetic fields is something called peripheral nerve stimulation, which is a tingling sensation felt when the imaging magnetic field switches on and off very fast (unlikely to happen in a clinical setting).
MRI scans are not recommended for those with pacemakers as the electromagnetic signals may interfere with its functions. You can even get an MRI if you have a titanium or non-magnetic implant!
Source: I am a physicist that researches MRI methodologies :)
@@layalebazzi1244 Thanks
@@layalebazzi1244 Thank You ma'am.. I was correct when I was against about the risk of getting cancer through MRI my teacher said MRI causes cancer you shouldn't do a MRI. I researched and finally I found myself correct. Everybody in my class judged me for knowing nothing and spitting shits of zero knowledge that appears to be true. Aaha... Finally I cam prove that teacher now wrong! Thank you!
@@layalebazzi1244 so can you describe the differences btw MRI scan & MRI SPECTROMETRY ??
@@layalebazzi1244 Im not sure what metal clips my dr used for gallbladder surgery and his notes do not state what kind were used years ago.
I have epipelsy and I have had so many MRIs I can not count them all. great video.
The ultimate insight into The Physics Girl!!
Great video! :)
I would request you do an explanation of the invention of the different machines. It is really interesting how they all came to be.
Thanks For Sharing
I really like this... but I can't subscribe a second time
Great vid very interesting thx
I like this informative channel
You da best. Bridging dis knowledge to my brain. Uhhh too tired to say something linking that to the videoooo..... Nice vid yo.
hi, it's a really great video. But you could talk about dehydration and burning effect when using MRI too! These could happen on high tesla MRIs (1.5T and above) although it doesnt really matter on low Tesla ones (0.2 - 0.5 T)
Thank you! so awesome :)) my lab report will be so much better now
I imagine they keep the field always active because the cool-down cycle prior to startup for the superconductors would be pretty long. To be superconducting, they need to be kept at liquid helium temperatures, which just is a few degrees above absolute zero.
+BlackEpyon It's super expensive to quench the magnet, then cool it back down. That's the real reason. Hence why you can do it in emergencies, but it's never done otherwise.
tobywilson
Not really. Just cut the power to the cooling pump, and it will eventually return to room temperature. It's the cool-down cycle that makes it impractical.
+BlackEpyon I think maybe you didn't understand what I wrote properly, or I didn't write it well...
The magnet is a superconductor, it's super cold. Turning it off heats it back to room temperature. Getting all the supercooled helium you need to re-cool the magnet back down from room temperature is super expensive. You're right it also takes a lot of time too though.
tobywilson
I understand what the superconducting part means. I don't have a schematic to see if they have a large drain tank or it the system maintains it's pressure like an AC unit. If it has a tank, then deactivating the pump will allow the system to equalize and heat up. Obviously you don't just let the helium vent into the air. If it doesn't have a tank, then obviously you would need to have the service technician come in to drain it. The electromagnet will retain it's saturation for a long time as long as it's kept cryogenic.
+BlackEpyon Some superconducters become superconducters at about -200°C (70°K). I've studied one a few weeks ago using a SQUID but can't remember its name. We used liquid nitrogen to get to this temperature.
This earned my subscription
I really like to learn with you!
+mahina1963 I love sharing the science!
Nuclear energy video?
+Physics Girl ...any chance of 3D printing an .stl from your fMRI scans---skull, brain stem, or something? Don't know why, but I think that would be really neat to do!
+Tristan Morrow I'm no expert on mri but doesn't it just take a series of 2d images? To generate a .stl you would need a 3D model.
+Robert Durham Yeah, and the workflow is a little bit convoluted: the tutorials I've read use a program called 3DSlicer (others use FreeSurfer + MeshLab) to convert the fMRI files to a 3D model.
Glad to see years of schooling haven’t affected your posture negatively at all! Though I’m curious what’s going on with your medulla oblongata… did you move during the scan?
MRI are way too expensive, I now use the microwave.
Bahahaha! Nice one! 😂😂😂
Is it? I'm having one today and they're charging me $30. But then I live in Norway, so I guess that is a factor.
Just had one this morning in Canada - Free - I even got a lollypop.
Correct sir there's a lot of Riff Raff going on in the medical system that you end up finding out the hard way when you're sick
At $8500 for an MRI session, even after the insurance discount, you can buy a lot of microwaves. Remember, never get sick.
Great video :)
MRI machines do transfer energy to the tissues of your body, which results in a very mild heating effect. During the only MRI I have had, I found myself getting warm, which was easily remedied by the operator increasing the speed of the fan blowing on me.
I thouht I was just imagining the heat
If you think about, you're sitting inside a microwave oven.
Nicole K
ya I guess you just might feel the heat after an hour of being in there
Nicole K me to my head got hot in the being of it
Nicole K yeah but the waves are weaker than microwaves. The waves in a mri have the same frequency as a radiowave
This is something that students find really hard to understand, very nicely explained
So jealous! I've always wanted time on an clinical MRI to image fruit and also get a good dataset of my own head.
I love NMR in general, I've been collecting the bits to build a basic non-imaging 300 mT one for a while. So far I've only got FID out of a test tube of water with a crappy lash-up. One day I will finish it, then maybe build an earth-field imaging one.
tomorrow is my first time fmri scan! i'm volunteering for a research at my faculty! i'm quick nervous and safety concern :D
This is great... I spent 3500 for an MRI scan and you get to run a bunch of fruit through it for free. Wonderful.
andrew balliet 😔
Pierre-James Murphy dumbass no one cares about you being in Canada.
Yep had one this morning for free - In Canada.
I paid a whopping....... 4€
Did you have insurance?
I really like how passionate you are in these videos ! :)
I've had 3 MRI techs refuse to run me through their machines when they find out I have titanium aneurysm clips around my cortex. I've heard my doctor practically yelling at them that titanium isn't ferrous, but the techs all said that doesn't mean they might not heat up or shift in such a strong magnetic field.
After talking to the last tech, I've opted out of having further MRI's after having the clips because the risk isn't really worth it.
Anyway, thanks for the video! That chair pulling at over 2,000lbs of force was amazing.
thanks a bunch. love from BANGLADESH
Cool video, but didn't see what type of dye you got and the pros/ cons
IMO the animation at 2:28 is slightly misleading - the oscillation or precession would be centered around the mean position imposed by the primary magnet. Great video though!
That relaxation time explanation is pretty wrong, and gives no help understanding how the machine picks up the signals from the hydrogen reacting to pulses in a magnetic field. Hint: It is all about precession (that wobble, when a coin spins down to lying flat on a table). This process emits radio waves that can be picked up by the antenna array, around the inside of the hole in the magnet. The chemical bonds, around the hydrogen atoms, vary the wobble down frequency. Hydrogen in water produces a different wobble down frequency than hydrogen in a protein.
Brains !! PG just created a new type of selfie : )
Great vid. Really enjoyed !
nice info
This is awesome! I love your videos, they were one of the inspirations for me to choose physics as my undergrad.
You are Great
I remember learning about NMR when I was taking organic chemistry as a sophomore in college.
Great video... Love the tan.. did you pick that up in Uruguay?
Rob
+Rob Tesar Quite possibly, though I do live in San Diego. It's hard to avoid the sun here.
+Physics Girl thanks for doing this episode. I've worked with MRIs for quite a while and think of them as a very underrated modern marvel.
Loving the mike
The whole NMR field of research is an absolute blast for the mind. Medical imaging is just the tip of the iceberg, NMR can be used to acquire data on so many levels...
Hey Physics Girl, nice video, I like your style, subscribed.
Also, I clicked on a recommended video on my home page about Nikola Tesla Inventions, and that led me to Nikola Tesla's Ray Gun, then actual military electromagnet rail guns, then electromagnets, then to this video. You can thank Tesla.
thank you Dianna .
hi i had MRI about year ago. they discovered tethered spinal cord syndrome. but now Im after surgery and is really OK. You could say about types of contrants and what are made from for example They use Gadolinium compound on me :)
interesting, thanks, i didn't know the field was always on!
I'm a brain cancer patient, and I get regular MRIs, to check on my head, and see for potential recurrence. Knowing more about MRI helps me understand more about the scans that I have done that are so important to my survival now. Thanks for making this video, Dianna, and PBS for supporting it.
How are you now?
I almost became an MRI repair tech after my service on a sub, but unfortunately I lost the job opportunity due to my not living in Hawaii (I had just moved from Hawaii to California). The technology is amazing and I enjoy studying it as a pastime interest.
1:05
Oooooooooh!!!!! Who lives in a pineapple in an mri machine?
Spongebob Medical Pants!
I really like dr. richmens (sp?) t-shirt, wonder where she got it.
Thank you physics girl
I was told to get an MRI but I was scared about it because I didn’t know what it was and whether it was safe or not
I’m glad I won’t be harmed as long is there is no iron or some similar stuff on me
you can make a video of "string theory vs loop quantum gravity", it will be fun
Thanks Dianna.
Wow, incredible
See these pictures, they are all pictures of me, I was young and I needed the work. :P
Haha! You called it. I had to lie still for 2 hrs without moving my head in an incredibly loud machine!
2 hours just for the pictures? It's usually quicker. Did you do something more? When I spent 2 hours in an MRI we tried to measure glutamate in a region of the brain. I listened to music by Jean Michel Jarre, the machine became a sort of extra instrument in the music :-)
Can we do fMRI on a higher resolution so we can see the individual atoms?
Awesome sounds good 😅 I’m in an neuro ward right now and wondering if I should Gould suggest having an MRI
Did you have contrast?
😊😊😊
Thank you........
My 5 month old daughter just had an FMRI, she has seizures and they were looking for anything not normal. Didn't find anything bad, but they said it is harder to scan young brains because they "are mostly water" as the doctor put it, I never heard that before. Anyway great video, keep them up!
I get comments all the time from people who have physicsophobia about how thrilled they are with your videos. You do an excellent job of reducing their anxiety and sparking their excitement. Perhaps there should be an FMRI study of brain activity while watching your videos. :-) Seriously, that might actually teach us something about teaching physics.
The relaxation of the hydrogen atom also releases a small amount of heat caused by Eddy currents, this heat can in theory build up to significant levels. As a student, I have been told by radiographers working in MRI that the weight of the patient is recorded as to prevent excessive heating.
Wasn’t there issues with the contrast dye being used with certain scans?
Yeah pretty odd for contrast not being brought up once in a video about the safety of MRIs
Since the magnetic field of the earth is weakening shall we build two powerful mris on the north and south ball respectively?
no cause they dont have the range
ItsErikz r/woooosh
nic video.! plz make a vid on Li-fi.. :D
Thank you.
what i liked about my only mri exam was the noise! so many fundamental waves wooo!!!! XD
liked the doc's T-shirt.... she sure is a metalhead... 🤘
Great video! How much power does it take to keep the 3 Tesla field on forever?
The magnet is charged once when it is first installed. Current is put into superconducting wires that have zero resistance. Once the current is at the proper level the power supply is removed. The current will remain in the superconducting wires until it is removed. Our MRI has been energized for 16 years at this point without loosing any energy.
Thanks my science test for tomorrow is about MRIs so this video was just in time
What about dental fillings and implants? I have a couple of dental implants which have titanium roots. Is that going to cause any problem in an MRI machine?
Lee Z titanium is harmless because it is a non feromagnetic metal.
I didn't realize it was just a magnet, good video!
Yeah! They can definitely save lives, but they definitely take a long time, and can be quite noisy! I used to have MRI scans regularly to monitor my Chiari Malformation, and, up until the invention of non-metallic headphones, I had to be sedated because I couldn't stand the noise long enough to sit still for the duration of the scan, even with earplugs.
@@cellogirl11rw55, I fall asleep in them.