The Last Ice Age Temperatures - Annual Mean
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- Опубликовано: 6 июн 2024
- I'd like to share you the first step of a long-term project to model the last glacial period climate, instead of restrict my simulations to the last 21,000 years. Here the world temperatures over the last 120,000 years !
0:00 Intro
1:20 The Last Interglacial
4:56 Onset of the Last Glacial Period
6:02 Warmer Intermediate Phase with cataclysmic events
8:41 Coldest stage of the Last Glacial Period
9:31 Onset of the Last Deglaciation
10:07 The current Interglacial, Holocene
--- SOUNDTRACK ---
Selection vs The Soto - Morninlight
Delerium - Fade (Fade Sanctuary Mix)
Sade - No Ordinary Love (Euphrasia Mix)
Cyberpunk 2077 - Isometric Air
Hilight Tribe - Blue Resonant Eagle
Flatlander Woman - Lithium
Pool Boy - Closed for Renovation 
Наука
Greetings from Helsinki metropolitan area. 100 meters from this house, there is an old rock formation originating abt 5000 yrs ago. It was a coast then. The sea is 1 kilometer away now.
Finland is raising out of isostatic rebound. Before, the glaciers crushed it under immense weight.
Its astonishing how stable the southern hemisphere temperate and subtropical latitudes were - I guess that antarctic circumpolar current keeps Antarctica nicely quarantined! Its something I've been aware of for awhile (I'm quite interested in relict plant species and the remarkable climatic stability of Zealandia over not just the Pleistocene glaciations but even throughout the entire Cenozoic has lead to an abundance of very old plant groups) but seeing it on the map and compared to the almost unthinkable changes going on in Canada is just wild. Also Alaska was _warmer_ during glacial periods? Wtf?
yeah, a glacial period is mostly a high latitude phenomenon. About intertropical area, glacial-interglacial cycles are rather moisture variations
@@KaldistiBecause there is so much ocean in the southern hemisphere.
More ocean, less temp swings
@@sandrinojohnsun9949 Correct!
@@sandrinojohnsun9949 Yes, plus the Antarctic circumpolar current keeps much of the southern hemisphere oceans very moderate even at temperate latitudes, that is until you cross beyond it and then things are quite remarkably cold for their latitude compared to the modern northern hemisphere. Its kind of crazy how effective it is, even today the Kerguelen islands have a polar climate and a tidewater glacier, less than 20 degrees of latitude away from the tropical/subtropical Lord Howe Island; this is mostly due to the Antarctic circumpolar. I'm more inclined to call the oceans and currents the answer rather than glacial periods being a high latitude phenomenon. New Zealand and Australia both reach to relatively temperate latitudes, equally high latitudes of some of the southernmost northern hemisphere ice sheets during peak glaciation, with little effect on temperatures. The temperature anomaly map shows Antarctica getting very cold but the anomaly mostly stays contained to the Southern Ocean. Meanwhile in the north the Gulf Stream has a tendency to shut down, freezing Quebec and much of Europe.
Interestingly enough though, Chile had the Patagonian ice sheet at relatively low latitudes and with relatively minor temperature changes, and even New Zealand had significant glaciations on the South Island. My guess with those is that southern Chile is already quite cold due to cold ocean currents and both southwest NZ and Chile have very high rainfall which means small decreases in temp can trigger some intense ice formation.
I love your work
I have never seen such a detailed display of ice age climates.
Really insightful
Love the cyberpunk tracks during glacial period :)
Incredible way to understand human migration throughout history. Thank you Mr. Kaldisti!
Magnificent video! Thank you
Finally, a new ice age map video!
The temperature anomaly for cities seems a bit off, during the LGM Montreal has an anomaly of ~-60ºC in the chart, but the temperature in the map shows a difference of roughly 40ºC.
the anomaly chart is capped at -40°C, I did not expected it could be much colder.
Such pretty colors
Cool video, now I need a version of most cold age 😊
The Gulf of Alaska is a strange bird... and a MAJOR indicator.
That area seems to behave the exact opposite of Greenland.
I'd watch the are of Anchorage very carefully... and I'd LOVE to see a Climate Classification video for there.
I love your work. Is there a chance to purchase the records from 12000BP till now?
6:26 forgot what I was watching for a second😂
A very amazing video. Likely the most detailed climate video I've ever seen. Truly amazing.
And by the way. Can anyone please tell me name of the music during MIS3 meme?
Jekyll & Tom Revolution - Are You Ready
@@Kaldisti THAAANK YOU SO SO MUCH:DD
love your videos by the way
I find it interesting that when eastern Canada gets colder Alaska gets warmer.
Wake up, Gwillerm Kaldisti posted!
interesting to see how Alaska was real fucking hot while canada decided to be a freezer. 😂
Reverse flow around the glacial high? Relatively warm air over the North Pacific had to go somewhere.
I've found that instead of 5995 years ago on the main map, there is an another image, and on 390 there is an empty map.
Mass Effect 50,000-year Reaper Cycles neatly split the time period of the Ice Age over a longer timescale than glacials and interglacials.
How many temperature droped in c° was necessary for the glaciers increase, to the point where sea levels began drop??? It's just a curiosity to know in which year of the great ice age the ocean level fell
there isn't a specific temperature, it happened gradually, and continues to happen in reverse (accelerated by man-made climate change.) for example, if the temperature today decreased by say, 0.1°C, the sea levels would drop by, for example, 10 cm. it just adds on.
@@borealis_3882I'm curious about this because I'm writing a story, and it's in an alternative Earth, where the sea level globally is 40 meters below, and I wanted to know where the glaciers would be to make this possible.
Might be late asking this, but may I ask for sources on this video? Couldn't find any in the description or the video itself
Damn, its been a while since I last got here.
Have you thought about doing a video like this that starts at the end of the Younger Dryas and shows the temperature all the way up to 2023, to show the effects of the heat waves that took place this year (hottest summer in 120,000 years)?
I can, but for now my data stop at 2018 x)
You REALLY believe this year was the hottest summer in 120,000 years? Really? How quaint....
Did you even watch the video? During the previous interglacial, the Earth’s mean temperature stayed almost exclusively below 14 Celsius. At the end of the video, it rises from 14.3 Celsius to 14.7 Celsius in only 100 years. And that was only up the 1950s. If you look on Google for “hottest summer since Eemian interglacial” the very first few results from scientific research articles will show you that during July of 2023, the overall temperature of Earth reached close to 17 Celsius, which is ridiculous for the current geological epoch (the Holocene).
@@trueanimationfan6542 To be fair it's not absolutely relevant to compare one day temperature with reconstructed/simulated data, which are generally smoothed on decennial-scale in the best case.
The most "scientist" way would be to run the models on modern data and compare with older periods
This, but with a world map of the ice sheets in the same time frame
there will be a Lost World video with this
can you do a video showing how you make these videos?
For some reason Montreal is always the king of temperature anomaly ahahahah. and forever will be...
i love how montreal is dancing on the right side of the screen 😂
may be asking too much but shouldnt the map present changes of sea level variation?
Have you ever considered paleoclimate simulations for the entire Phanerozoic? I know Christopher Scotese has done a fair few paleoclimate simulations, including temperature and precipitation, but the resolution isn't great. Climate zones (Koppen and Holdridge) would also be neat. Love your work, maps are a fascinating tool and earth's past climatic shifts are a fascinating subject!
It would be fantastic but there is definitely a lack of temperature and rainfall data. In the best case it might possible to make simulation for specific periods, but an animation like this one over 550 million years it will remain a wet dream
@@KaldistiI saw some news saying that the Toba eruption was not so extreme because there were human remains in nearby regions. What is the current consensus? How many degrees did toba really drop in temperature and for how long??
@@lucaslima9792 for what I read in scientific litterature, the Toba eruption triggered a 5 years-long 4-8°C global cooling. right within a glacial stage.
@@Kaldisti Maybe more accessible would be the time in which Australia split from Antarctica and just before India slammed into what is now Central Asia.
Is that a Lovecraft reference in Antarctica?
Mountains of Madness indeed
Well I did not know that much of Canada and specially Montreal used to have a climate very similar to to Greenland's. That would suck for people living there.
no one lived there, the entire Canada was buried under 3km of ice
@@Kaldisti Yah, was actually refering to the people living there as in nowadays lol.
6:13 I get that Bill Nye has no qualms about that blasted bomb. First the Sahara video is revised and labeled obsolete, now this.
I didn't expect North America ice sheet would be colder than greenland in LGM. But why?
Bigger and higher x)
@@Kaldisti The larger geographic scope allowed cold air masses to keep getting colder as they passed over the ice sheets. Not until those air masses literally spilled over the edge of the ice sheet could they warm, and then due to adiabatic heating.
was LGM ocean warm enough to produce tropical cyclones?
It was, less frequently
This comment is for the Mass Effect Reference
This comment is my favorite of the Citadel
What caused Alaska to remain warmer/ why did it cool off as the rest of the world warmed?
Good question, probably a link with the rise of Beringia, changing atmospheric and ocean currents
I keep hearing that those variations do not occur naturally in hundreds of years, but this video disproves it, so is anthropogenic warming the only possible explanation for the current warming considering the fact that we are in an interglacial period?
These rapid variations occurred because of the expansion of giant ice-sheets in mid-latitude landmasses. It means these ice-sheets were exposed to a summer sun with the same intensity we experience today in Canada or Sweden. This was a very particular situation we don't have today. It's specific to glacial periods
The actual warming has been triggered first by an increasing of solar activity, but it decreased since 1950 while temperatures still rise, in parallel with greenhouse gas concentration.
@@Kaldisti I see, thanks
Congratulations from Argentina. Only North America was affected by the last age. In my country didn't was affected because we are sounrrouded by water.
also Northern Europe and Siberia ;)
@@Kaldisti yes I agree. I ask: where do you catch the source to make this video, because it has a lot of information. And if you have the source pass me the link.
@@santiagodemarco547 The original dataset comes from PaleoView software. I Extended it to 120,000 years using my own prediction model.
About the documentation, if you typed "Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations", "Heinrich events", "Greenland (inter)stadials" or "Marine Isotopic Stages", you should find what you need
@@Kaldisti ok thanks and greetings from Argentina.
There are some confusing things that come to mind when watching this.
For example.
If this map is accurate it would mean that Alaska and the north Pacific rim, including Beringia, were warmer than today.
Does this mean that during the LGM Beringia's biome wouldn't be mammoth Steppe but an even lusher Forrest than most of Alaska has today?
Is there an explanation for such a overly pronounced difference between western and Eastern North America ? (I assume that Montreal's extreme temperatures are caused by it being covered by ice sheets)
How come East Asia isn't as heavily glaciated as Eastern North America?
After watching this Cape town doesn't seem to be as bad place to set up shop in😂 even Singapore on the equator experiences some cooling.
1) it's possible indeed, but I don't have yet rainfall data so I can't say if Alaska was humid enough to let forest to expand
2) the eastern part was (and still is) more continental than western America, that's why temperatures were much colder in this area
3) in northern Eurasia, dominant winds come from west (westerlies), as well as moisture. on its road, the air becomes more and more dry, so there is no longer water enough to from ice.
North America is not as wide as Eurasia is
Merci!@@Kaldisti
@@KaldistiBut there is a model simulation showing Earth's precipitation if the AMOC cycle collapsed, and there it showed that much of the northern hemisphere would have less precipitation. Of course, it's Earth now, maybe it was like that in the past too, since beringia ended AMOC in the past, but idk.
@@lucaslima9792 here it's not the question of the AMOC but the fact Arctic and Pacific oceans did no longer communicate. The lack of cold water flowing southward probably impacted local surface temperature
10 degrees in Paris 1950 ? 🤔
Average annual temperature yeah
@@Kaldisti Ok. Thank you
Its not the global temperatures that caused the rapid warming of Ice sheets or vice versa, it was the tilt of the earth!
and the tilt of the earth caused temperature changes, which resulted melting ice ...
Hi
Lol look at the middle east 😮
First