How To Frame A Lean To Roof
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- Опубликовано: 26 июн 2024
- Today we are learning how to frame a Lean To Roof. This style of roof is pretty easy to build, but mistakes can be made if you do not account for the height above plate. All the information you need to build a Lean To Roof is in this video. If you still have question watch my rafter playlist. bit.ly/3cRqTmd
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0:00 Fundamentals
1:16 How to Calculate
6:46 Layout & Cut
8:04 Outro
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My name is Josh Fedorka, and I’m the founder of Training Hands Academy™. I have been a carpenter and woodworker for over 25 years. I have also held certifications in home energy auditing and have built several LEED certified homes in New England.
God has gifted me with many “hands on” skills and it is my calling and purpose to share those skills by teaching others. Whether it is to seek a career in carpentry, become a general contractor or improve one’s DIY skills and knowledge, the motivation behind THA is to help others successfully learn how to work with their hands.
*Our beginners handheld routers course is now live! Check out the online course here ---> **bit.ly/3DcIeE3*
The production quality of this video is superlative. Framing of shot, lighting, and sound are flawless. The conversational oration is clearly spoken without annoying pauses, ahhs, or diminuendos. Educationally well organized, great script with a masterful performance. Clearly a smart man who can teach a presentation hitting on all cylinders. This is how a DIY video should be done. Master educator gets highest marks!
Thanks buddy for the comment!
The best thing with educational construction demonstration videos
Is
you can pause the video
Or
You can replay any part of the video until you have understood
how a lean to roof is constructed.
This Guy is brilliant.
He speaks very clearly.and precisely.
Thanks for your helpful demo related to the
lean to Roof
Thank you for pointing out that you can "replay any part of the video". To often people want to be able to understand something by watching a video just once. I appreciate you!
This guy is incredible. Literally lays it out perfectly so anyone can be successful with their project. Making DIYers feel like semi-professionals. Thank you!
Hey, thanks for the awesome comment. I appreciate you!
Thank you for your clear explanation, and diagrams . Twenty years ago I purchased two electronic digital levels from Stabila ,one 24" and one 48 " . These levels are so handy for renos and for matching existing structures ...If you are working on a roof ,and you don't now the pitch it will tell you 18.5 degrees which is a 4 - 12 , 26.5 degrees is a 6 - 12 pitch ...These levels are so nice to use for duplicating existing builds like matching an opposite side hand railing . Level reading is 0.00 and has a beep signal so you can achieve perfect level or pitch as apposed say to a Bubble . They are just real handy . Thanks again for your expertise .
Really pleased you are also mentioning millimetres as we now mostly converting over to them (well us old dogs anyway) just seems easier because you eliminate fraction conversion, but old habits die hard like feet and inches. 👍
I like watching your videos. My dad was an excellent carpenter but he didn't have time to show me the framing square. Because when my dad went to work for someone it was get things done. Even alot off his customers would want to talk to him but he would say at break time or after work. He wasn't being rude to the customer he was there to get the job done. He was a great carpenter and a great father. And appreciated for his carpenter skills and work attitude. I am on the job for you from 8 -4.30 that is what you are paying me for. He taught me some about the framing square and I should have paid more attention.
Thank you so much for sharing! Your father sounds like a great man, and I'm sure you are too! God blessing you!
Cut and stacked roofs for many years before any calculators were even thought of. Figure it once and lay it out and cut in volume. Hammers, nails, and plumb bobs too. That was a good days work.
Same here. Served my time making traditional roofs. Everything was worked out on the ground, rafters cut to length and any birds mouths, cut all hangers and ties. Only thing we had to do in place was hips and valleys. Worst roof we done used 12"×3"×28' rafter, ties and ceiling ties with 9"×3" hangers. Hangers and ties were bolted with dog tooth washers between.
@@sideering370 that doesn’t sound like fun. I did a lot of upgrades on panelized roof systems for tilt ups. Had to design and build a lot of crickets for water diversion to the roof drains. No calculators then either.
Same here. Went from handsaws, framing squares and plumb bobs being a necessity to the current battery circular saws, lasers and Construction Masters. Amazing changes to the trade in the last 40 years. Still going strong...so far. I love this craft.
35 years in Oklahoma, cutting, stacking, AND hanging...i hate watching people hang roof that don't know how to do it efficiently. I'm an old man now but nobody can keep up with me. Never have.
I don't even know if people today realize what it takes to build in a traditional stick built roof/ceiling, thats how i was taught carpentry, now days a truss package shows up
first time anyone ever showed how this works, thank you
YES!! Another mystery solved with the help of T.H.A. And just in time for winter!! Thanks, again!!
Built loft conversions in the 1990's, method 1, draw full scale on the floor.
Method 2 , Trig sin,cos,tan etc still knew how to do that. With just one distance and angle ,or two distances easy to work out rest.
Ok. I thought I had found the best video.... until I found this one. I didn't know about Height Above Plate (HAP) but knew something was bothering me with the other videos. Then I found this one. Fantastic. Clearly communicated without contradictions. Has thorough explanations and great illustrations. All the others ignore HAB. Not you. Love it !!! Great job !!!
Glad it was helpful!
What a great video. It was so well spoken and very easy to understand.
Thanks for your time.
Thanks for watching
Thanks. Keeping it simple.
This video saved me a lot of headache! I am building a cabin with a sleeping loft I set my ridge beam which gives two rafter lengths a 4/12 over the loft and a 11/12 roughly over the living area with my beam installed and a unknown rafter length or pitch I made some templates out of OSB I done my rise and my run subtracting half of my beam and cut the practice rafter and it was way way off!!!! After watching this my problem was HAP so in my case I measured my HAP which was 6-9/16 I had to subtract this for my rise length as my beam was already in place re figured everything and I now have the best rafters I have ever cut! Thank you 🙏 so much for this video!!!
I'm so glad you found this video helpful! Thank you for letting me know.
Brilliant clear explanation 👌⭐️
Hi,
very thanks for the video. It'is all clear and easy.
From the foundamental formulas I have calculate the HAP.
HAP = (Common Width / Unit Run * Unit Diagonal) - (Birth mouth * Unit Rise / Unit Run).
I have try also with the sbe builder tools and it's ok.
In pratice I have calculate the line of cut and then subtracted the Raise of Birth mouth
Just what information I was after for a learn to wood shed on the side of my house.
Training up an apprentice on your video. My daughter & son love helping me out too. My 8 yr old gets a few quid for helping me, helping him learn the value of money and the effort it takes too earn it.
🤙
Thank you for watching and commenting!
Thank you so much for your videos. I have never ever cut a piece of wood until now. I keep watching your videos over and over and they make more sense. I want to build a nice chicken coop for my chickens one day.
Thank you for watching. Please ask questions when they come to you.
this is a very nice video as are all the "THA" videos I've seen, quick, to the point, and professional
Glad you like them!
Excellent! Well done!👏
You are a good teacher.
Great video. Thanks for sharing. Greetings from France
Down to earth explanation thanks.
Awesome! Very detailed.
Thank you for uploading your very clear demonstration relating to building a lean to/skillion design roof.
Really clear and very easy to follow your informative video related to especially important factors related to building the lean to .
Most appreciated.
Thanks
Thank you for the comment!
Many thanks for the complete way you have explained how to do this, I am still a bit confused by so much info in such a short time, but I will watch and rewatch several times to make sure I get it, thanks again, from the UK.
Be sure to watch my other rafter videos as well... there is overlap. Reach back out if you still have questions. Also, I'm planning on having an online course next year on rafters. :)
@@TrainingHandsAcademy Can you cut a hip roof after measuring. All on the ground without a calculator?
Just asking, many framers can't. Most can't even cut stairs. When I was still building homes we saw it a lot. They would have separate people for every step.
@@backachershomestead Yes, I can frame a roof without a calculator. I just recently bought one, and to tell you the truth, I like it!
@@TrainingHandsAcademy I wasn't being a smart @. You do have great video's and explanations are clear and simple.
Keep up the good work! There aren't many true skilled craftsmen these days.
No worries... I just didn't know if that was a rhetorical question, or if you really wanted to know? Thanks for your support! :)
Super, thanks for sharing, I'm about to embark on a lean to roof project, and had a wee doubt about the HAP issue.
Using a Framing calculator, For some of us it makes it more complicated, but thank you for sharing great information
Here's a non calculator method. ruclips.net/video/bV9sqFdsfSo/видео.html
thanks for including metric in your video, very helpful. great content
You are welcome.
Yes that was a good touch 👍🇬🇧
Super work & super good explanation
mate your videos are absolutely brilliant. thanks
Much appreciated! If you want to support my work, please drop some more comments on my other videos! This helps to wake up the YT algorithms. :)
Thanks for giving metric measurements too - much appreciated
You are welcome my friend.
Thanks for the video 👍
I see you are using Squjig
Never knew this. Superb video. Going to have to buy a framing square for my toolbox now 🙂
Glad it was helpful!
awesome video!
This was a great video and very well explained
Glad it helped
I was looking forever on how to replace s small shed roof over an add on bathroom to my shore bungalow, main structure built in 1927! Thank thank thank thank you!!!
Glad you found this video. Thanks for the comment.
You're good!! Thanks
Great presentation 👍🏻
Thank you 👍
Enjoyed your videos. All the way in Belize Central America
Thanks for watching!
More videos like this please!
Thanks for the comment.
Excellent
Great video by a great personality
Thank you kindly
Great coaching, sir.
Thank you kindly
That looks like a proper calculated stuff.... I was wondering how to figure out the cutting for an canopy or an awning fixed to an existing wall. That will be a treat... Thanks
The plans should show the elevation above finish floor for either the bottom of the joists, or the top of the joists, at the high end, as well as the height of the top of the top plate at the low end.
The applicable structural detail for the condition will show whether there is a bird mouth called out or not. Not all designers want bird mouth cuts because they add to the cost of labor. Lower pitched roofs get along fine without them. But the designer should call for them when the pitch gets steep.
The plans will probably show the rise and run of the roof too, but that isn't the over-ruling information to go off of. The elevation AFF numbers are what you should be running off of. Many times, the rise and run is only shown to satisfy the plan reviewer at the city. Other considerations may force the designer to fudge the elevation heights a little off of a round number rise/run ratio. After specifying heights that will give odd fractions, such as 3 7/8" per 12", it's not likely they'll actually write that on the plans but write 4" in 12" instead. It's assumed that the carpenter will follow the actual dimensions provided on the plans.
video was great. you should talk more about the info on a framing square and how to use it for rafters.
I have other videos that do. Thanks
👀 Opener, Top vid
I have the opposite problem. I know how high I want my ledger to be, and I know the rise of the roof I need. I just need to figure out the height of the wall the rafters will be running to. I'll figure it out! This helps.
This is a neat way to create this roof I just wish I was younger to repair my laundry room roof 😢 but keep these excellent videos coming please ❤
Thanks, will do!
Amazing video!
Thank you for watching!
The unit run,on a common rafters is always 12,these guy is an excellent trainer
Common is 12 hip an valley 17 basic math
@@ronaldoleksy8264 thanks for the gesture,if you don't understand look up the term in the dictionary or as google,Lol
This is a great channel 👍👍☘☘☘☘☘☘
It's great because of people like you Joe! Thanks buddy.
Great video. Just spins me out using inches instead of millimetres. So more precise.
Thanks
Thanks for watching Daniel
In production framing I always just figure the run from the building not including the ledger. I mark the number the confuser tells me then I punch in ledger thickness as run, punch in the roof pitch and hit rise to tell me how much more to offset the ledger upwards. Then I'll lay out a rafter and mark the extra inch and a half off the plumb cut (or whatever the ledger thickness is) and measure it so I know what to cut the rest of the rafters at. But I do love learning new ways to go about things so I'll give it a try next lean to I build! Thanks for the awesome detailed video!
Thanks for sharing!
Best way for beginners to understand this is to get some paper and draw to scale actual rafters just like you would build. To get hight above plate just multiple in feet by pitch then deduct what you need to and add overhang.
Then I can show you how to read offsets and loft out a boat ! Lol
The construction calculator makes finding lengths, heights of odd spans easy if you know all the intricacies of what is going on. However, how to use a framing square is a lost art that is worth knowing. For common pitch roofs all you need is the framing square and basic multiplication, addition, and subtraction. Actually, learning old school methods really helps open your eyes to how , why, when to these intricacies of roof framing. Once you learn the old school way, the calculator can help to some very complicated roof framing like hip roofs, unequal pitch roofs and establishing cornice/ facia heights.
Well said John!
Can you do a demonstration of cutting a hip rafter for the lean-to that wraps around a building?
Excellent, excellent videos on roof framing. Probably the best on the RUclipss… could you please make a video of how to connect two perpendicular roofs (meaning valley ).
I do need to do one of those.
@@TrainingHandsAcademy 🙌🏼👍🏼❤️❤️❤️
@@TrainingHandsAcademy Yes that's where it gets complicated is in the valleys you could do whenever great and it would help out so many. Happy new years by bye for now God-bless..
I prefer using tangents and arctangents.
Great information just get a little confused with inches and run as we use metric and degrees for pitch in the UK thanks
Try this one. ruclips.net/video/bV9sqFdsfSo/видео.html
So at the 3:46 here, my question from the other video is answered! Ridge height (ledger ht) = rise + HAP! YOU ROCK!
Is a framing square thick enough to use as a table guide for a circular saw? I typically use my hip Val for straight cuts.
Ok, great! :)
For the first time someone use inch and centimeters and thats great 😀
I like the construction calculator .I never knew they existed .
They are really nice, they also make an app.
Thanks for great video as I plan to do the same thing for my carport. Please help me to calculate the tilt of the carport's roof, I need it has tilt of 28 degree with the high end is 8 feet high so what is the height of lower end to get 28 degree tilt with the 7"6' span between the posts. Your help is greatly appreciated.
Way to smart
So if you don't raise the ledger and leave it where it was originally you would need to subtract the hap measurement from the rise instead of adding it?
Great video......a saver.
do you have a video on how to frame the verves? I have a metal frame and a brick wall and am trying to construct proper rafter framing to secure a low pitch (22.4 deg) roof. any help would be great. thank you🙏
Excellent presentation! You should have way more subscribers! I am building a 10 x 12 chicken coup and I want a lean to roof. How do you determine the width of your rafters? Do 2 x4's have enough strenth to hold sheathing and shingles or should I use 2 x 6 rafters?
I'd go with 2x6 for your build. Thanks for the comment my friend. :)
What would be the max. span for a 2 by 12 soft wood ceiling joists ( (12 being vertical), that would not bend under snow or it's own weight?
What would the height above plate of the ridge board be on a 4ft run 6/12 pitch? Using a 6’ ridge board and 2x4 rafter? If the bird’s mouth seat is 4” should I use a bigger rafter?
As well as you teach I would love to see you do a video on layout for walls and thing please respond please thank you.
Yes, that is on my list of videos to make. Thanks for the comment Rufus.
It's all there on the side of a framing square too. If ya know how to read one. Most people don't have a clue what all those numbers are for or how to use it. Stair stringers too.
ruclips.net/video/bV9sqFdsfSo/видео.html
Can you make a video how to cut a shed roof rafter that one it sits an a different pitch roof
How do you add a large roof window for this lean too? Want to add a sky view and this will be built over a small flat roof over living room.
In the end, don’t we still have to check the Calculator measurements with the tape measure? So why not start with the tape measure?
Especially found with the quality avoid these days that things are not laying exactly square.
I feel these instructions would be super pragmatic for someone who is engineering, or architecturally involved in the project… But I’m not sure if I’m seeing practicality and using it on site. I’m not afraid of math or calculations, but I am not always sure that approach, a moore conceptual approach (calculations, etc.), is the most pragmatic approach.
With all that said, I wish you much appreciation I’m posting these videos. It always helps to get a multitude of perspectives on how to accomplish something.
I have been constructing roofs for 60 years and still have my roofing ready reckoner which cost me 7 shillings and six pence way back when I was 16 and is still available , it is called gooss roofing ready reckoner but a bit more expensive these days . It does all the math for you .
Never heard of that. Thanks for sharing Douglas!
amazing video!!!how did you pick 4inch of pitch, is it always 4?
Standard is somewhere between 3-12... this was just chosen randomly
with the rise above plate # change the ledger height then does it not change rafters length
Free app from Essential Carpenter Tools. It gives you all the lengths at the touch of a button
where do you get 4 and half from?
Sorry bit confused but it sounded like you said that the total rise included HAP ran to the bottom of the ledger but would this not be to the top of the ledger?
In 40 years of constitution I never once saw a plan that did not use inches. In fact when I was in school that’s all they taught.
This in USA?
Hi there many thanks for your illustrations. My requeste is a video for how to use the calculator that you have , I bought one but I to know how to use it. Thanks allot once again
You can use any calculator for this method. ruclips.net/video/oGlYpFb3Hds/видео.html
I'm thinking on building a lean to attach to the back of my home, but my question is, how tall my 6x6 posts should be, where the rafters will be resting? I think i kind of understood the concept of how much to rise the ledger
Hi, this is a wonderful tutorial. I get all the concepts very well thanks to you. I have a different issue though that I haven't been able to solve. In all the tutorials I've seen, the pitch is known before hand. I have something different. I have a ridge board of set height and a top plate at a set distance. I calculate the theoretical triangle and the diagonal, but the hap throws me off. In your example, you knew the pitch and you put the ridge board where it needed to be. The placement of my ridge board however is set so I don't know what pitch I need for that exact height. That is what I am trying to solve. I know the total rise which is theoretical rise + hap (=12") and the run is 112.5". My rafter is 2x6 (5.5"). It is a low angle lean to roof and so by trial and error, I get an angle of 2 degrees. I don't know how to get the pitch when all you know is the final rise (theoretical + hap) and the run (112.5") to the bird's mouth. How do you solve a problem like this? Thank you
I’m not good at math & I’m not much of a woodworker, but what I heard him (& other people on RUclips) say is how many inches of height you have per 12 inches of your run is the pitch. I THINK that’s how it works?
@@jenbear8652 That is true, but you need to know the pitch before you cut your rafters.
@@da324 if possible, lay an uncut rafter spanning the ridge and top plate. Put a pitch finder on it. Or calculate in one of the many other ways to find pitch.
My boss would grumble, scribble on something for a few seconds, and give me a few numbers. Then tell "come on!" As he walked away. I would always have to lay it out to figure it out
Just stic your rafter to the wall and drew lines with speed squere jib done
When will you do a video on wall layout and basic framing?
It's on my list for sure! I just finished my first online woodworking course (which was a lot of work), which means I have more time now to get back to making more YT vids.
On a lean to a structure how high on the rafters should u place the first purlin/furling strip?
Thanks u Do a great job!
I've never done a post and beam structure before so I don't have a good answer for purlins. Sorry wish I could help out more with that.
Great job. But how would you do this if the ledger had to be at a specific height?
That actually makes it easier for you. Then you automatically know your rise measurement ^^
Skillion roof too
Wo impressive pedagogies. My fourth video i'm looking tonight. But second question: For a sunroom of 16 x 16 how to determine the with of the ridge beam. One board or two nailed together. Or even more like, let's say: 2x10/plywood/2x10? Many thanks!
I wish I could answer those questions for you but those are structural engineering questions... for legal reason beyond my control I can't recommend beam sizes, rafter sizes, or nailing patterns. Sorry my friend. If you have other questions I can help with those.
In Australia, builders will never talk in centimetres, only millimetres.
Here's a trick to try driving nail at the top of your ledger board at warm at the top of your wall they run a string between them tight Indian use an angle finder I have found that this is much simpler than doing all the calculations.
I've done that too!
Rafters have been cut for years with a framing square I was thought with out a calculator
Me too!
What are those Blue clamp on guides that you use on your square?
amzn.to/3IjaVzg
How do you attach a ledger to the vertical studs and rafters to the ledger to the same area/spot where it attached to vertical studs, let say 16” oc? Where to put fasteners?
A) What fasters better to use: screws or nails or glue or brackets ?
B) How to attach rafters to the ledger? Where exactly to nail or screw rafter to the ledger?
C) How to avoid to screws or nails from the rafters bump on the top of the ledger screws/nails that attached in the same small area 2x4 stud?
D) How to avoid splitting the rafter and/or ledger wood at the same small place of the attachment to the stud?
E) Do we need to remove the strip of siding to get the ledger attached directly to the studs or go over the siding?
F) How to do flashing over the ledger and rafter to detour the water going in to the joint and wall?
G) How anyone can use your tutorial to attach a roof to existing wall without you addressing questions I asked above?
Those are all great questions for sure, but this video was intended to mainly teach the math... which is where most people get hung up. All of the other things associated with this type of project will have to be addressed in future videos or more advanced training on our website (which is in the future at some point). May I suggest that if you are serious about learning carpentry/roofing, that you buy a few books that go in more depth than what a YT video can. Plus, I would look into local carpentry training in your area. Thanks for sharing all of your awesome questions.
Seriously,,,,,,, if you don’t know the answer to ANY of these questions you should probably just hire someone to build it
Most of these questions are null if you use lightweight steel framing (steel stud) A) screws.....200% more holding power than nails B) top and bottom of receiving track C)D) irrelevant for lightweight steel framing E) more info needed before that question can be answered. (think engineering)F)basic construction knowledge needed here, there are at least half dozen ways to seal and flash G) use steel, save the trees.
Only in north america do we use wood for almost all our framing. Ever seen a forest in Africa? even the park benches are cold rolled lightweight steel framing there. We frame almost all our interior partitions (cept housing) with steel stud, just cant seem to shake the inferior wood for our living quarters. Bug resistant, doesnt contribute to flame spread, and consistantly straight and true......whats to know??
@@tonybarracuda3505 Judging by the quality of the question, the OP could easily learn and do it himself.