Not everything is from 100% scientific data, but I tried to collect information from reliable sources. And my bacterial data is only for food (milk). I don't have exact information, when will bacteria appear on the mask after longer usage if you don't clean it.
Thank you, this is an excellent summary of a lot of articles I have been searching and finding one by one, all in one place. Your explainations are very clear and helpful. I have remixed one of the masks you are showing and created multiple widths for it. The files are linked under my youtube video: ruclips.net/video/ySOCNycv-aA/видео.html I am going to be adding rubber seals or various tubing secured by silicone for a better fit. I would love to learn more about 3D scanning, and to have a printer with 2 nozzles that can finish in TPU for a custom fit and comfort without post-production modification. What printer are you using? Thanks to you in Hungary, from the US.
I think it would be better if you could line the edges with a soft rubber so it creates a better seal like silicone caulking which should be skin safe and also soft enough to seal and not be unconfortable. Maybe also have a shallow trench so the silicone seats and binds better
Good thinking.. probably I will try to use silicon there. I was working with silicon molding in 3D printed form (for some food forms). Probably I can use that technic with mask too.. not sure, but I will try..
Thank you! Take care of HEPA Filters. They may contain fiberglass witch is potential unhealthy especialy when you cut them. What do you think about uv-c desinfection?
Any considerations about addition of valve to such design? How moisture from exhailing affects hepa filter performance? Would valve make it better/worse?
Hm. Good question about moisture. I am not 100% sure, but this hepa filter is washable. Also in case of fire, they recommend to put a wet textile on your face, this will better filtrate the smoke. So if I put this two thought together, my opinion is that I don't have to worry about it. But probably I will add tome textil (dish towel) over the filter on side where my face is, I have space in that filter holder. I am using my mask for 2 hours continuously, I didn't noticed any changes with breathing difficulty. Also, they are hepa filters for vacuum cleaner with water, probably some water micro droplets goes through this filter, but they are designed for this too (just my opinion, couldn't find official info so far).
Well done! Thank for the thoughtful and professional approach you bring to this subject. I am now subscribed and will be following your discussion. Thanks again,
My weight is 110 kg, my wife's approx 65 kg (afraid to ask), so I need more air ;-) But to answer seriously to question: I 3D printed mine downloading from Thingiverse, so I had no choice, design was given. For my wife's mask I wanted to use filter holder with thread. Using HEPA filter (those with wave design), gives me very big filtrating area, breading is absolutely not an issue.
0:49 first i thought you were a reflection in a mirror... then i thought you were outside, talking through a hole in your screen door, then i realized you were standing in front of your screen door with a table in front of you lol
Thank you for this video, it's very helpful and gives an extensive overall picture of what to do. Would fully cured epoxy coating have any harmful effects on the human respiratory system? Also, would sanding down the PLA to remove all the grooves have any effect in making it easier to clean?
There are different types of Epoxy resin materials. Not sure for respiratory system, I have only experience with food contact, since I work on food engineering department and this is what I tested. Search for food safe epoxy resin if you want to be sure (most of the epoxies don't have this certificate, but it doesn't mean they are harmful, only they didn't spend a lot of $$ for this certification, but if you want to be sure, better to search for material with official certificate for your country). Your second question: Sanding down PLA: you can never get fully smooth surface. Yes, it will be easier to clean, but never good enough. There will be micro pores, perfect place for bacterial colonies.
Very useful information, thank you. I 3D printed my mask using PETG so it is very easy to clean using boiling water since it can handle the temperature.
Thanks! I'd be interested in learning more about filters: - I almost bought a car air filter yesterday, would that have been a good solution ? Engine filter or cabin filter ? If cabin filter, with or without activated charcoal? - the more folds the better ? For breathability? For filtering? - What about a cotton pad (makeup pad)? - Any other well-known source of non-woven fabric? Diapers? - ... Also, about the fit: If we don't have a kinect (or an iphone or anything like that), what's the best alternative? Weather strip, foam, hot glue, ...
Car air filters are designed to clear dust from air for engine, I don't think that manufacturer designed them to clear microbes too, and they may content some toxic materials, since they are never designed for human breath contact. I wouldn't use them. I recommend you read this page about alternative filters: smartairfilters.com/en/blog/best-materials-make-diy-face-mask-virus/ . About fit: some masks on thingiverse have already good design, try to print them with some flexible filament to get better sealing. If you want to scan your face, you can do with photogrammetry too, but the problem with it, that you have to scale it manually to proper size (you need some reference dimension). But I will explain it in my next video soon..
@@MyTechFun Cars also use cabin filters for the AC (with or without activated charcoal). They can't be toxic, we breath the air that goes through them. I'd be interested in a video about the fitting of the filters. Maybe model the folds to get an even greater seal? I did read the article. I think it's not the best we can do since it's for sewn masks supposed to replicate surgical masks. 3D printing allows us to use other filters without the fitting issue. Imaging using your vacuum HEPA filter in a surgical mask: it would be very hard
About Copper mixed up with PLA, there's some "advices" coming from chile (read my post on my website). They say (weird story) that at 15rpm breathing for a normal person, the concentration of copper is not enough to kill the virus because it needs 60 seconds to die in contact with it... I'd recommend listening to this but it's not scientifically proven... and copper+PLA.. I'm not fan, it's like a gadget for me. Thank you very much for your work. I'm assimilating all this infos right now.
Thanks for this. Copper+PLA (like in Copper 3D) or silver+PLA (in Purement or Philament.eu) those metallic ions in antibacterial filament in my case is needed to prevent bacterial buildup on plastic after longer usage. Most of the virus should be stopped by the FILTER. Regards from Hungary. (or you mean Copper+PLA = real copper powder, like www.amazon.com/Gizmo-Dorks-1-75mm-Filament-Printers/dp/B01CV49CZQ ?)
Is it possible to create a github repo with all the material you need to make these solutions? Doing so will also allow people to contribute to your research.
Hello Justin, what solutions? 3D scan to 3D print? (That's done, video preparation in progress), antibacterial filament test or ultrasonic cleaning? I have all the materials and equipment, but currently we are not allowed to go to our labs in university building to finish the research.
Thank you very much for your contribution!. I would like to know what do you think about disinfecting a 3D printed Mask (TPU or PLA) with chlorine?. I am researching about masks that I can 3D print for doctors who are attending patients for 6 to 8 hour per day. (prevention masks)
I am not sure, but I can recommend the official information that Hungarian government sent to all swimming pools in country regarding corona virus at 2020-02-27: "according to laboratory tests 0.2-0.5 mg/L of chlorine in water kills the virus in few seconds", source (in Hungarian and archived: web.archive.org/web/20200306151730/www.nnk.gov.hu/index.php/lakossagi-tajekoztatok/koronavirus/514-tajekoztato-a-kozfurdok-uzemelteteserol )
What filter i used? I ordered Electrolux H13, but will late few weeks. Instead I used washable HEPA filter Sencor SVC 670. Cut in half, so I have a spare filter too. Only I needed a 12mm distancer to place in filter holder (can see in video). (bocsi, csak hogy mások és értsék)
Gaspar Igor, I respect and appreciate the amount of thought and effort that you have put into this (especially the potential hazards of exposure to bacteria as a result of wearing a mask made from a porous material), Unfortunately, there are a number of flaws in the material presented in this video. First, the negative pressure test that you are showing to check for mask fit is fundamentally invalid. When you press your hand onto the filter fitting to cover it, you are also pressing the mask onto your face, thus artificially forcing a level of filtering efficiency that is not repeatable during actual wear of the mask. Secondly, please recognize the fact that wearing a negative pressure-based filtration mask while you have facial hair (other than a small mustache) will result in further compromising the effectiveness of the mask. The reality is that a safe and effective negative-pressure respirator is not something that is currently achievable by a home-based hobbyist with an FDM printer and current technology. The reality is that poorly fitting masks simply result in people touching their faces more often, thus increasing the spread of the virus. I have 15 years of professional experience directly tied into the the fit, effectiveness, and selection of respiratory protective equipment for people exposed to gases, mists, fumes, vapors, particulate, fibers, and yes - various biohazards. Please consider taking this post down, as it's entirely likely that poorly executed FDM printed masks will actually result in more transmission and spread of the virus, not less. Even more on point - people that have access to 3D printers could (and maybe even should) be using those resources to produce items that are actually useful in supporting an overtaxed and PPE-starved healthcare system - like face shields.
Thank you ! Finally something with scientific data. Actually we see everything and anything on social medias...
Not everything is from 100% scientific data, but I tried to collect information from reliable sources. And my bacterial data is only for food (milk). I don't have exact information, when will bacteria appear on the mask after longer usage if you don't clean it.
Thank you, this is an excellent summary of a lot of articles I have been searching and finding one by one, all in one place. Your explainations are very clear and helpful. I have remixed one of the masks you are showing and created multiple widths for it. The files are linked under my youtube video: ruclips.net/video/ySOCNycv-aA/видео.html I am going to be adding rubber seals or various tubing secured by silicone for a better fit. I would love to learn more about 3D scanning, and to have a printer with 2 nozzles that can finish in TPU for a custom fit and comfort without post-production modification. What printer are you using? Thanks to you in Hungary, from the US.
I think it would be better if you could line the edges with a soft rubber so it creates a better seal like silicone caulking which should be skin safe and also soft enough to seal and not be unconfortable.
Maybe also have a shallow trench so the silicone seats and binds better
Good thinking.. probably I will try to use silicon there. I was working with silicon molding in 3D printed form (for some food forms). Probably I can use that technic with mask too.. not sure, but I will try..
Thank you! Take care of HEPA Filters. They may contain fiberglass witch is potential unhealthy especialy when you cut them. What do you think about uv-c desinfection?
Very good presentation!
Thank you for sharing the information, particularly the filter charts. #StayHealthy #We AreNotAlone,JustApart
Interesting video as always.
Looking forward to the scanning video.
Thanks for sharing👍😀
Any considerations about addition of valve to such design? How moisture from exhailing affects hepa filter performance? Would valve make it better/worse?
Hm. Good question about moisture. I am not 100% sure, but this hepa filter is washable. Also in case of fire, they recommend to put a wet textile on your face, this will better filtrate the smoke. So if I put this two thought together, my opinion is that I don't have to worry about it. But probably I will add tome textil (dish towel) over the filter on side where my face is, I have space in that filter holder. I am using my mask for 2 hours continuously, I didn't noticed any changes with breathing difficulty. Also, they are hepa filters for vacuum cleaner with water, probably some water micro droplets goes through this filter, but they are designed for this too (just my opinion, couldn't find official info so far).
thanks
Well done! Thank for the thoughtful and professional approach you bring to this subject. I am now subscribed and will be following your discussion. Thanks again,
Can I get the file for the mask with the big square front so I can print it myself?
You can download it from thingiverse. Link is in description of video.
What was the reasoning to have your wife’s filter size smaller than yours?
My weight is 110 kg, my wife's approx 65 kg (afraid to ask), so I need more air ;-) But to answer seriously to question: I 3D printed mine downloading from Thingiverse, so I had no choice, design was given. For my wife's mask I wanted to use filter holder with thread. Using HEPA filter (those with wave design), gives me very big filtrating area, breading is absolutely not an issue.
0:49 first i thought you were a reflection in a mirror... then i thought you were outside, talking through a hole in your screen door, then i realized you were standing in front of your screen door with a table in front of you lol
What about UV-light for (additional) cleaning?
Sorry, but I don't have experience or any measured results with UV-light cleaning.
We just got a 3d printed face mask design approved by NIH.
I say 'we'. I had nothing to do with it, really
What is file or design open source. Is there a link to view the face mask?
breathing efficiency is a function of size, geometry matters, make the media holder larger
Thank you for this video, it's very helpful and gives an extensive overall picture of what to do. Would fully cured epoxy coating have any harmful effects on the human respiratory system?
Also, would sanding down the PLA to remove all the grooves have any effect in making it easier to clean?
There are different types of Epoxy resin materials. Not sure for respiratory system, I have only experience with food contact, since I work on food engineering department and this is what I tested. Search for food safe epoxy resin if you want to be sure (most of the epoxies don't have this certificate, but it doesn't mean they are harmful, only they didn't spend a lot of $$ for this certification, but if you want to be sure, better to search for material with official certificate for your country). Your second question: Sanding down PLA: you can never get fully smooth surface. Yes, it will be easier to clean, but never good enough. There will be micro pores, perfect place for bacterial colonies.
Very useful information, thank you. I 3D printed my mask using PETG so it is very easy to clean using boiling water since it can handle the temperature.
What kind of PETG are you using? Heat deflaction temperature is usually 65-70°C for most petg filaments.
Is it possible you can give me the instructions for making a custom moulded mask? I already have the 3D scan of my face (from the Kinect). Thanks!
I am just preparing that video, it will be uploaded probably tomorrow. Also using Kinect.
Thanks!
I'd be interested in learning more about filters:
- I almost bought a car air filter yesterday, would that have been a good solution ? Engine filter or cabin filter ? If cabin filter, with or without activated charcoal?
- the more folds the better ? For breathability? For filtering?
- What about a cotton pad (makeup pad)?
- Any other well-known source of non-woven fabric? Diapers?
- ...
Also, about the fit: If we don't have a kinect (or an iphone or anything like that), what's the best alternative? Weather strip, foam, hot glue, ...
Car air filters are designed to clear dust from air for engine, I don't think that manufacturer designed them to clear microbes too, and they may content some toxic materials, since they are never designed for human breath contact. I wouldn't use them. I recommend you read this page about alternative filters: smartairfilters.com/en/blog/best-materials-make-diy-face-mask-virus/ . About fit: some masks on thingiverse have already good design, try to print them with some flexible filament to get better sealing. If you want to scan your face, you can do with photogrammetry too, but the problem with it, that you have to scale it manually to proper size (you need some reference dimension). But I will explain it in my next video soon..
@@MyTechFun Cars also use cabin filters for the AC (with or without activated charcoal). They can't be toxic, we breath the air that goes through them.
I'd be interested in a video about the fitting of the filters. Maybe model the folds to get an even greater seal?
I did read the article. I think it's not the best we can do since it's for sewn masks supposed to replicate surgical masks. 3D printing allows us to use other filters without the fitting issue. Imaging using your vacuum HEPA filter in a surgical mask: it would be very hard
It depends on the rating of the filter. A filter don't care if we intended it for a car. It needs a n95 rating or higher.
@@Dr.Grafenberg If the filter doesn't mention it, is it fair to think a filter meant for the HVAC system of a car should be about n95?
@@NicksStuff i would try to contact the manufacturer 4info like that. Dont asssume. Be sure to post what you find out I'm sure more of us are curious
About Copper mixed up with PLA, there's some "advices" coming from chile (read my post on my website). They say (weird story) that at 15rpm breathing for a normal person, the concentration of copper is not enough to kill the virus because it needs 60 seconds to die in contact with it... I'd recommend listening to this but it's not scientifically proven... and copper+PLA.. I'm not fan, it's like a gadget for me. Thank you very much for your work. I'm assimilating all this infos right now.
Thanks for this. Copper+PLA (like in Copper 3D) or silver+PLA (in Purement or Philament.eu) those metallic ions in antibacterial filament in my case is needed to prevent bacterial buildup on plastic after longer usage. Most of the virus should be stopped by the FILTER. Regards from Hungary. (or you mean Copper+PLA = real copper powder, like www.amazon.com/Gizmo-Dorks-1-75mm-Filament-Printers/dp/B01CV49CZQ ?)
@@MyTechFun Hey there ! I mean Copper+PLA = gadget. Not serious for killing anything ! Even C19 is laughing at it. >]
Is it possible to create a github repo with all the material you need to make these solutions? Doing so will also allow people to contribute to your research.
Hello Justin, what solutions? 3D scan to 3D print? (That's done, video preparation in progress), antibacterial filament test or ultrasonic cleaning? I have all the materials and equipment, but currently we are not allowed to go to our labs in university building to finish the research.
Thank you very much for your contribution!. I would like to know what do you think about disinfecting a 3D printed Mask (TPU or PLA) with chlorine?. I am researching about masks that I can 3D print for doctors who are attending patients for 6 to 8 hour per day. (prevention masks)
I am not sure, but I can recommend the official information that Hungarian government sent to all swimming pools in country regarding corona virus at 2020-02-27: "according to laboratory tests 0.2-0.5 mg/L of chlorine in water kills the virus in few seconds", source (in Hungarian and archived: web.archive.org/web/20200306151730/www.nnk.gov.hu/index.php/lakossagi-tajekoztatok/koronavirus/514-tajekoztato-a-kozfurdok-uzemelteteserol )
@@MyTechFun thank you very much!!! I will take it into consideration.
Üdv, nagyon hasznos és érdekes volt a videó! Megkérdezhetném a szűrő pontos típusát?
What filter i used? I ordered Electrolux H13, but will late few weeks. Instead I used washable HEPA filter Sencor SVC 670. Cut in half, so I have a spare filter too. Only I needed a 12mm distancer to place in filter holder (can see in video). (bocsi, csak hogy mások és értsék)
Great video
Gaspar Igor, I respect and appreciate the amount of thought and effort that you have put into this (especially the potential hazards of exposure to bacteria as a result of wearing a mask made from a porous material), Unfortunately, there are a number of flaws in the material presented in this video.
First, the negative pressure test that you are showing to check for mask fit is fundamentally invalid. When you press your hand onto the filter fitting to cover it, you are also pressing the mask onto your face, thus artificially forcing a level of filtering efficiency that is not repeatable during actual wear of the mask.
Secondly, please recognize the fact that wearing a negative pressure-based filtration mask while you have facial hair (other than a small mustache) will result in further compromising the effectiveness of the mask.
The reality is that a safe and effective negative-pressure respirator is not something that is currently achievable by a home-based hobbyist with an FDM printer and current technology. The reality is that poorly fitting masks simply result in people touching their faces more often, thus increasing the spread of the virus. I have 15 years of professional experience directly tied into the the fit, effectiveness, and selection of respiratory protective equipment for people exposed to gases, mists, fumes, vapors, particulate, fibers, and yes - various biohazards.
Please consider taking this post down, as it's entirely likely that poorly executed FDM printed masks will actually result in more transmission and spread of the virus, not less. Even more on point - people that have access to 3D printers could (and maybe even should) be using those resources to produce items that are actually useful in supporting an overtaxed and PPE-starved healthcare system - like face shields.