Know more about Child's Mental Health as it is Important as his Physical Health by Dr. Nasir Mahmood

In India, children with mental health disorders are mostly undiagnosed and hesitant in seeking help or treatment. According to the Indian Journal of Psychiatry in 2019, even before the pandemic, at least 50 million children in India were affected by mental health issues; 80 - 90 percent have not sought support.
The area of child and adolescent mental health has not only been given a low priority in India but had also faced several vicissitudes. From the very early fifties to the mid-sixties it enjoyed a period of growth and development.
Thereafter, the area became dormant till 1979 when there was a visible resurgence. The prevalence of emotional problems among children is estimated to be around 66/1000 of the child population. Research evidence indicates a lack of perception by the society of emotional disorders among children as conditions requiring clinical intervention.
What therapies can be used to treat a child experiencing mental health problems?
Treatment may include individual, group, and family therapy; behavior therapy; special education; recreation therapy; and medical services. Residential treatment is usually more long-term than inpatient hospitalization. Some are also known as therapeutic group homes.
Are some children and young people more likely to experience mental health problems?
Certain risk factors can make some children and young people more likely to experience mental health problems than others. However, experiencing them doesn’t mean a child will definitely - or even probably - go on to have mental health problems.
These factors include:
1. having a long-term physical illness
2. a parent who has had mental health problems, problems with alcohol or has been in trouble with the law
3. the death of someone close to them
4. parents who separate or divorce
5. experiencing severe bullying or physical or sexual abuse
6. poverty or homelessness
7. experiencing discrimination
8. caring for a relative, taking on adult responsibilities
9. having long-lasting difficulties at school.
What mental health problems commonly occur in children?
- Depression affects more children and young people today than in the last few decades. Teenagers are more likely to experience depression than young children.
- Self-harm is a very common problem among young people. Some people who experience intense emotional pain may try to deal with it by hurting themselves.
- Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) can cause young people to become extremely worried. Very young children or children starting or moving school may have separation anxiety.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can follow physical or sexual abuse, witnessing something extremely frightening or traumatizing, being the victim of violence or severe bullying, or surviving a disaster.
- Children who are consistently overactive, impulsive, and have difficulty paying attention may have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- Eating disorders usually start in the teenage years and are more common in girls than boys. The number of young people who develop an eating disorder is small, but eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa can have serious consequences for their physical health and development.
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