The Evolution of Hindustani Classical Music
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- Опубликовано: 28 ноя 2016
- A short journey into origins and evolution of Hindustani Classical Music.
From Temples, to Mughal courts to modern day concert halls, its a fascinating story.
This mini documentary features the wonderful Smt Kaushiki Chakrabarty, one of India's most gifted vocalists & Dr Jameela Siddiqi, journalist, writer and one of the foremost Indian Classical Music historians.
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A Kaashi Arts production in partnership with Recording Earth (recordingearth.com).
Credits:
Director: Alex Blogg
Producer: Oliver Burton
Sound Recordist: Tobias Brent
Description: East Indies (1905)
Date: 1905
Source: Meyers Geographischer Hand-Atlas
Author: Meyer, Hermann Julius (1826-1909); Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Description: Akbar and Tansen visit Swami Haridas in Vrindavan. Swami Haridas is to the right, playing the lute; Akbar is to the left, dressed as a common man; Tansen is in the middle, listening to Haridas. Jaipur-Kishangarh mixed style, ca. 1750
Date: circa 1750
Source: Akbar and Tansen Visit Haridas
Author: unknown painter in Rajasthani miniature style
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Description: Rigveda MS in Sanskrit on paper, India, early 19th (acq.no. 152851-152854) (ca. 1920-1994); 3. Sam Fogg cat. 17(1996):42.
Date: early 19th c.
Source: www.nb.no/baser/schoyen/5/5.20...
Author: Unknownwikidata:Q4233718
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Description: Sufi - La Danza del Cosmo
Date: 2003
Source: vimeo.com/147055293
Author: Rafael Zarate
From Vimeo Commons, Attribution License
Description: Cycling the Silk Road Preview
Date: 2016
Source: vimeo.com/182698706
Author: Beijing Tehran
From Vimeo Commons, Attribution License
Description: The Mughal emperor Shah Alam hands a scroll to Robert Clive, the governor of Bengal, which transferred tax collecting rights in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the East India Company, August 1765
Date:1818
Source: British Library www.theguardian.com/world/2015...
Author: Benjamin West (1738-1820)
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
![Sean Rii, Karyon, Sharzkii - Taungule [My Love] (Official Music Video)](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/eJoMuypbSzQ/mqdefault.jpg)
India is the mother of the music/ love from Kuwait 🇰🇼
Acylowrider always welcome 🙏🏻
@@Respecet1981 oh thank you for recognizing it despite of our Brown colour🙏 ,, Live long kuwaiti ppl ❣️
West bengal
🙏🙏🙏🙏
All the Indian shastras are sung they all are poems the Indian music is there since the time of samveda , ramayan mahabharat natyashashtra all have information regarding instruments like sitar veena etc which were played at that time,
There is no influence on Indian music . The text called samveda wasn't brought by Aryans .
Only compiled from south
@@drelango8178 south Indian music (carnatic music) and North Indian music (shartria sageent) were one and later spilt when mughals claim, north Indian music has slight Persian influence and carnatic remained same.
Both owe their roots to Sanskrit and Sam veda
Thank you so much for this video, I needed this for my project!
Mentioned Akbar"The Great"
But can't mention Ramtanu Pandey also known as 'Tansen'.
true
4:31 she does mention Tansen
She does talk about Tansen though.
You tripping bruh
every video, lecture and artist regurgitates "a lot of" impact of Muslim rule on N Indian Music. Where is the substantiation? No doubt an exchange of ideas had to have happened with the meetings in bazaars and courts alike, but even Indians are shy to say that N Indian music was dynamic enough to absorb outside influential but still remain wedded to its own style. Time to flip this around and show how the millenia old music of India transformed the music that came from the middle east and brought about Qawwali etc.
hemishere 1 they sing Sanskrit in Muslim influenced music these idiots are stupid. for them India is only mughal n British
As a music enthusiast, I passed my entire life(I am 40 years old) searching for the musical elements in HCM which have islamic/persian/middle eastern influences. And You know what I found out?A box,only some replicas of Zeros in it.May be for some play-group exhibition!!My conclusion:Simply treat these idiotic stuffs as mythology.
@ SHAMIK DATTA. Can you kindly tell us about your research ? I am a music lover too. But I am actually more interested to know the facts, becoz ancient Indian history until the mughals invaded has been distorted to a great extent or simply forgotten, not just in Music, but in multiple fields like Math, Science, Philosophy etc etc. So please tell us something about your sources / references and how u came to the conclusion that there was no Islamic influence. I very well know that our country is full of idiots who glorify mughals as though they were good people. So I am hoping to debunk myths ...
@@shamikdatta1100 yeah exactly and these people show as if the the entire HCM got revolutionised due to Mughal and Perisan Invasions
Yes . You are absolutely true... please read a book called Sangeet ratnakar by sarangdev who was Hindu Brahmin from kashmir . and other sanskrit books..... it's ocean for Indian music... it's true there is some influence of Persian music but it's not like it changed Indian music completely ..agar aisa h to aaj Persia ka music kha stand krta h HCM k aage..or is music ko evolve krne vale Hindu hi the.. tansen , swami Haridas , Baiju bawra all these were were hindu brahmins and many pandits changed their Hindu names just for the sake of getting royal patronage ....all these facts that can be verified from ancestry.... linking HCM to Persia or turkish is completely foolish
And that’s how T-Series started...
T Series started ruining music
This music was infinitely better than the garbage T Series produces.
Fuck t series im indian also hindu
some parts are lie in this video
Very well explained 🤗
there is no foreign influence on carnatic classical music and dhrupad
Dhrupad is a style
Today there’s barely any that explain or sing it thoroughly. And those who do sing it accordingly to their style.
Carnatic has been influenced by Europe(violins and harmoniums) some schools allow falsetto which is banned by Indian Classical.
However it is the nearest to ancient singing style of the Vedas and many Carnatic song Khayal: verse and chorus; Persian or European influence.
I mean.....Carnatic Music makes heavy use of foreign instruments, most notably the Violin. Foreign influence is not a bad thing. People think that Persian influenced on Indian culture only started due to the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire but Persian influence goes way back. Iranian farmers were the ones to introduce agriculture to India and start the Harrappan age. Mauryan Palace architecture is heavily inspired from Persian palaces in Persepolis and Susa. The way we represent the Buddha was actually due to Greek craftsmanship. I dont know why Indians resent foreign influence so much but become so proud when they see how much Indian culture influenced South East Asia and East Asia .
@@ding888 dude it originated in Karnataka . Purandara dasaru is the father of Carnatic music. During his time Vijaynagar Empire was flourishing and was called golden age of Karnataka. During that time kannada literature flourished. Do you think they were inspired or got influenced by some diffrent region....!!!! Hell no
Pl don't make your own judgements .....
@@dwarasamudra8889 false. Even you are supporting Aryan invasion theory which is completely false. India had oldest civilization. Parshwas moved west wards and came to be Persians today.
@@dwarasamudra8889 ya ppl make it sound like foreign influence is some kind of pest...when their whole life is functioning mostly cause of it ...
very informative ....thank you.
The many festivals are doing a great job promoting the music. For example, Darbar music festival is a great platform for the music.
Pure Indian Music
Excellent!
Wonderful creation... very crisp and clear justice to the subject.
Remarkable doc
Amazing
Very good
Too much shallow anlysis...no references to Bhatkhande Paluskar and Omkarnath Thakur.
Exactly they didn't even took name of carnatic music
Aryans migrated? Persian influence and mughal rule for Hindustani music! this is what happens if you interview "So called Intellectuals" and artists learn by paying fee vs an classical artist learnt from a Gurukul.
Is there any reliable and historically accurate source to understand the real history of Indian classical music?
The heritages and the generation to generation of giving the knowledge of music is its real history.
I love
nice
So unfortunate that people speak without making the effort to dig deeper.. If anything there was alot perversion in Indian music during the mughals.. The darbar destroyed original quality
No It did not these people have give no evidences to substantiate their claim. I'm not saying that their there was no influence but not the extent which they are claiming
@@annantporwal4970 yes it was compare carnatic to Hindustani music which have same root but Hindustani got diluted
Sa re ga ma pa dha ni sa. Khaa se aaya koi mujhy plese ye btao.
Did the vedic texts have musical notation? e.g. Sa Re Ga Ma Pa... was there harmony? droning notes? Do we have surviving melodies from pre-mogul vedic texts? What was the evolution of instruments? clearly the flute was already world wide... Indian drums are distinct from middle eastern ones... What else?
👍👍🤗🤗 kathak dancer
Vedas not from aryans from harrapa civilization
Vedas came with the aryans who came to India??? You still believe in that lore???
Vedas came from out of India with Aryans , really ???
Surajit Das vedas came from Indian but not with aryan
@@Rohandutt Aryans didn't came here , Arya means respectable person . But white European migrated India and mixed with our culture like Greeks .
@@surajitdas3764 Arya is not just an adjective, there was a group of people who referred to themselves as the Arya and who are mentioned in the Rigveda.
After the decline of the Indus Valley civilization in 1900 BC, there was a group of people who migrated from Central Asia into the Indian subcontinent. We have archeological, genetical and linguistic evidence that this migration took place. They originally came from a region which is located between Russia, Ukraine and Georgia. They had migrated from this region to Central Asia, then to Afghanistan, and then finally to the Indian subcontinent. They referred to themselves as the Arya and spoke a language which we now refer to as the 'Indo-Aryan' language.
When they arrived in India, they encountered the previous inhabitants of India. They mingled and intermarried with the previous inhabitants. In this way, the belief system of the Aryans merged with the culture and civilization of the Indus Valley, the Dravidians, the renouncer traditions of the northeast, the local cultures and tribal religions. This fusion of multiple cultures and traditions gave birth to a unique religion which we know call Hinduism. And similarly, the Aryans also dissolved in the melting pot of India. The Vedas were composed after this fusion.
what.......????? left version
i think so
"Evolution of Classical to Hindustani Music" to GColor(Galfar).
Indian RaGa(Madhu) with Kalabavan.
Thesis Presentation(Arts & Culture)
(June(Baratheeeee)ReguNath).
2:07 Whenever I see this lie, I stop watching the video .
What's the truth?
Your bloody stupid dumb prick!
@ Navid Goldrick
He is talking about the Aryan Invasion Theory that was used by British (and I guess some other European) imperialists to divide India by spreading hatred. The theory was used as a tool by those imperialists to make Indians hate each other. The theory is accepted by many, rejected by many others. I dont know what the truth is. Moreover, the name of the theory has been changed from Aryan Invasion Theory to Aryan Migration Theory, becoz even if the migration is true, based on genetics, the invasion seems unlikely. But even if the Aryan invasion is true, those praising it are morons, as they support/praise something that was evil and flawed from a moral standpoint. Period.
you cant digest the truth, you are sick minded
lIya boutique aryans aren’t nomads they were native
I agree with earlier comments - people like this speak about the great Indian music culture with no expertise other than half baked fantasy, gossip , prejudice and an utterly misguided view of themselves as experts. I feel quite ashamed to listen to this nonsense and angry. One person has always held the belief that everything begins and ends with Islam the other should stick to performing which she is actually quite good at. Indian music has been developing for at least two thousand years before Islam existed. Siddiqui gives extremely misleading and misinformed ideas. It might help her to do much more study on the subject - especially she might find it helpful to go back to the School of Oriental and African Studies where there are one or two people with real knowledge and expertise - she should have a look at all the wonderful texts written in Sanskrit starting with Bharatnatyam around 2000 years ago and read on until the Sangeet Ratnakara written in the 13th century in a region and atmosphere which had absolutely no Islamic influence. Apart from extensive discussion of ragas and talas this latter text contains concepts which have formed the basis for the creativity and improvising techniques of great Muslim singers such Ustad Sharafat Hussain Khan and especially Used Amir Khan - so who influenced who ?? I mention just these two names because they are Muslim. There are of course a whole host of wonderful Hindu musicians - starting from Tansen whose teacher was a Hindu Swami going right through the centuries to the 21st century - the list is too long but would include female as well as male singers. I actually find it ridiculous to talk about Hindu and Muslim musicians when they all sing or perform Hindustani music - the music of Hindustan or better still Bharat. Siddique does not mention the relation between the spoken word and poetry and the rhythmic concerts of TALA and hence the true origins of what is the most sophisticated concepts of rhythm in the world. India is and always has been the home of the most wonderful highly developed and sophisticated music culture in the world whose origins go back thousands of years and whose theoretical fundamentals have not been changed or influenced by Islamic culture - the changes - if any and where they do exist have been stylistic ones
Indian classical music was there since the time of vedas which were sung as songs the mughals have tried destroyed of ancient at and culture by destroying or universities but even ruling 600 years they cant do it
It's the same root like the west African music
Anyways .
I thought there is a lot of history in Tamil temples about music ?
that's a report from a so-called Dr.
Each time you encounter a "Persian influence in Hindusthani Music" opining idiot,Ask him/her 3 direct questions.Remember, No Airy stuff should exist in the question of material evidence.1/Exactly which aspect of Indian music owe its origin to persia?2/Which musical forms were established following the persian/middle eastern style?3/Outside of the indian sub-continent does any genre bear resemblance to indian traditions?I mean if any perso-arab twin of Khayal/Dhrupad/Thumri etc. exists?
Dude western influence is quite visible in what we have to listen from pop music industry so will even indianize that? Cultures progress by mergers and interactions. And if anything just look how architecture, literature & some languages have been persianzed from that era.
bhai persian Setaar se hi hindustani Sitar develop hua hai , uske photos dekhiyega
Amir khusro 13th century ke bahut hi mahan poet the , jinke father Turkish the aur mother hindustani, unhone Persian, Turkish aur Arabic mein poetry kari thi , bahut se raag bhi bataye unhone jo Yaman Kalyan hum sunte hain , isko pehle Eemen kehte the ,
Jis Khayal ki aap baat kar rahe ho wo Amir khusro ka Khayal hai , jo aaj kal gaya bajaya jaata hai
6 tarah ke sangeet ki rachna ki thi unhone Khayal, Tarana, Gul, Qaul, Qalbana , Naksh jismein se Khayal aur Tarana court mein gaya jaane laga aur baaki Dargah mein gaya jaata hai . ...Ye sab Tansen ji se pehle ki baat hai , aur Tansen ji ek Dhrupad singer the
@@zindaginamilegidobara8018 sir.. Sitar had it's root to chitra veena not Persia ... Chitra veena is one of the many string instruments mentioned in the sangeet ratnakar written by sarangdev who was kashmir brahmin.. Sangeet ratnakar is an epic text written around the era and it is considered as the base of HCM .
Agar aap kh rhe ho ki arab ya persia ka jyada influence Indian music m h to aaj arab ya peria ka music Indian classical music jitna evolved form nhi h... balki vha arab m to music almost nil hi h...7 raags jo basis maane jate h hmare classical music ki Bhairav, malkauns, Deepak shri megh, hindol ye sab Indian mythology m lord shiva n narad ko diye the..or bhi bhut sari stories h jo gupta period k time ki h...amir khusro was great and raag yaman ka credit khusro ko jata h..pr khyal bhi mujhe nhi lgta kyunki khusro k baad tansen ya Swami Haridas k time tak koi bhi khyal singer history m mentioned nhi h.. even Tansen was also a Hindu Brahmin and his real name was ramtanu Pandey ...his sons and rest Hindu musicians during Mughal rule held the muslim name just for the royal patronage upto Maratha Empire...tbhi maximum bandishen Hindu gods ya goddesses k upar hi hoti h..
Pure BS as if there was no music before the Mughals, What a joke
Dumb ass nationalist
They're talking about another golden age in Indian music which happened during the Mughal Empire. Where did you hear there was no music before Mughals?
@@nirupamakumar3917 Some people choose to hear things brother. Our culture brought us all together the British divided us purposefully so that our nation would be weak. LET US NEVER FORGET THAT!
@ MADFERIT
You seem to have no idea about the violent nature of a hell of a lot of mongols (mughals) who killied millions and millions and millions of Hindus, Sikhs etc in India over 800 years. Ever heard about how sadistic emperors like babur, aurangzeb, humayun etc were ? Both british and muslims, for the most part thrashed Indians. Muslims have integrated quite well and Hindus and Muslims today, live with a fair amount of peace. But dont for a second believe the lie that mughals were fundamentally here for 'unity' or 'peace'.
@@DipayanPyne Mughals ruled India for 250 years. Islamic kingdoms in India lasted from 1250s to 1750s so 500 years. Aurangzeb was an awful Emperor because of his relgious tolerance but not the other Mughal Emperor. Mughals did not come to Indoa for peace or unity, they like all other rulers came for wealth, power and prestige. Although the Emperors were muslims, most of the zamindars, mansabdars, revenue collectors etc were Hindus and Jains. There were some truly awful Islamic kingdoms in India that killed, tortured, converted many and destoyed many temples like the Kashmir, Bahamani, Jaunpur, Madurai, Delhi, Ghaznavid and Ghurid sultanates. However, there were many Islamic kingdoms that basically acted as Hindu kingdoms but with Muslim kings like the Bijapur, Golconda, Awadh, Bengal, Gujarat, Hyderabad and Mughal kingdoms. India has been one of the richest, most advanced regions in the world throughout almost all of Civilized Human history and the Mughal period was no exception.
amazing documentary
Actually Traditional art and music starts date long back to BC 5000-7000 or more in deep south ie TAMILS with peoples life and culture
Persian inflence create hindustani in only north india keeping the base of ragas of south -espesially tamil rooted from village folk as per research
Imagine propagating Aryan Invasion myth under the name of “history”
I have to say though, I'm kinda disappointed that they didn't even mention Carnatic music in passing and just used the term 'Indian music' and 'classical music' interchangeably with Hindustani music, like I get that the focus of the video is Hindustani music but just calling it Indian music without even so much as acknowledging the existence of Carnatic music (which has a rich documented history, has pretty much no Persian influence and is basically the closest to the original Indian music before the split in terms of principles, with all of its music towards being geared towards gods) is just messed up on so many levels. Also, there seems to be a narrative that Indian classical music is a dying art that got obliterated by the Mughals and the British and that it is picking up pace only now, which is not only untrue for Hindustani music, but had you taken Carnatic music the cracks in that narrative would've been even more apparent.
What is the raga played on the flute in the intro????
Utsav Majumdar ahir bhairav
Raga Ahir Bhairav also known as mixolydian b2
Raag ahir bhairav
Muslims have put their stamp on every good things which existed before. Sometimes I feel they may claim Chanakya was also muslim. I have seen Omani citizens playing Gujarati Garba during Dubai festival in Dubai singing Arabic songs so I will not wonder if they start claiming Garba originated in Arabian peninsula.
Same with indian numbers..the pi...zero gravity
@ lin ro
I am afraid that's incorrect. The decimal system and zero as a number in its own right actually originated in India (with the decimal system not necessarily being invented here first). There is documentation for all of it. Dont spread misinformation. Moreover, the value of pi was calculated quite accurately in India, but no one is saying that it is an Indian number. Finally, Indian numbers come from Brahmi numerals. Just google it. I think there's even a page on wikipedia titled 'Indian numerals' or something similar. Google it ...
@@DipayanPyne actually no. Place holder system was pioneered first by mesopotamians and then Chinese based on 10 (unlike mesopotamian base 60) between 600 to 400 bce who used an empty square to show zero but symbol was not required for it as each digit was enclosed in a square grid box of horizontal grid and that was in 600bce 1000-1100 years before any placevalue notation been found in India, and at that time Indian system relied on the same method as of Greeks and Romans having a symbol for each decimal position just like Roman X for 10. The first placevalue system with Indian style numerals appears first in southeast Asia and later in India which points towards assimilation of Chinese system with Indian symbols. But placevalue system is more fundamental than symbols which could have been adopted from any culture.
@ Sharjeel Khan
Until there is actual hardcore evidence for any Chinese influence on the decimal system of India, we have no reason to believe it. It's a hypothesis by some historians. We just can't believe it. Moreover, there has always been a tendency of the people in the west to attribute Indian contributions to external influences, as if Indians were fools and didn't know how to think independently. It's a big reason to be skeptical of such claims. More and more evidence from recent times in multiple fields keeps pointing to the Indian origin of many contributions, as opposed to the origins previously attributed to the west by eurocentrists. Anyway. There's a hell of a lot to the story ...
gana aur bajana ye us kitab ka naam ha jika phela pana aur akhiri pana gayab ha ye wo jahaz ha jo kinare pe to khada ha magar ye pata nahi ki isme kon log the aur wo kahan se aye the
Indian classical music ke baare me bata rhi he indian classical singer wo bhi English me galti se hindi na nikal jayee
Plz hindi...
Bruh
No Hindi
Baseless information
When I check the history of India that Akbar is everywhere. "Mughal-e Azam" is no joke 😄
mughal influence on hindusthani music.evident in bollywood language urdu
not satisfied.
You Dont have much textual proof of the ancient history of Indian music because islamic kings like khilji etc burnt the entire library of nalanda and taxxila which contain lakhs of books related to Indian classical music and its history
True bro .... This is what happens if you treat the one who shouldn't be treated...
The moment it said, vedas are of nomad aryans. I 'm done with this video. It's a narration of school history books.
As a music enthusiast, I passed my entire life(I am 40 years old) searching for the musical elements in HCM which have islamic/persian/middle eastern influences. And You know what I found out?A box,only some replicas of Zeros in it.May be for some play-group exhibition!!My conclusion:Simply treat these idiotic stuffs as mythology.
Stop propagating max muller colonial theory about Indian history..
Basic and fundamental errors right in the beginning of the video itself when you mention that the Aryans came to India. This theory has been busted thoroughly. Then when a prominent vocalist says there is not much written history about hindustani music, that also is untrue. Please get your facts right before spreading incorrect knowledge.
AIT is false
Video is just a bunch of lies, all the music was at its peak during the regime of raj raja chola, akbar is falsely glorified, he was a jealous person, even navratna cocept was falsely copied from raja vikramaditya
This lady is Actually, i.e. why
Aryans migrated ? Lol
Extremely questionable sources used in the research for this video. Hindustani music originated from dhrupad which was itself an evolution from prabhanda, an older extinct form. The direct jump from the vedas to "Muslim rule" and "Sufis" in the 13th century is a highly dishonest narrative, it not just tells us nothing about the history of the music in the intervening years but also blatantly falsifies the history. Although there existed Sufi adoption of shastriya sangeet and the contributions of Amir Khusro is known, these are but cursory influences on the artform and nowhere near being the progenitors.
Most bakwaas
Islam doesn't care about Music.
Don't Conflate Islam and Music together.
Islam is strict on music and doesn't endorse it.
Although you'll see Muslims loving music, and Muslim is not a race, it doesn't change the fact that Islam classifies it not beneficial to forbidden.
So don't see it as Islam influence to Music rather people who happen to be Muslim who already had their own music culture influenced and got influenced by other musical cultures.
In fact I wouldn't even bother with people who happen to be Muslim part and just see at it as "a cultural people taking and influencing another cultural people".
It's stupid (lame) to think that Music came to India from the North via another people.
India is an ancient civilisation and its inconceivable to think it didn't have music given it had every other cultural aspect of a civilisation.
Even now, India takes and gives to other Cultures massively, especially in Music.
Akbar the great my foot
Totally rubbish
Garbage. Whatever happened to Carnatic Music. Music evolves, Mughals did add elements to Northern Indian music. There is nothing Persian or Islamic about it. Since when did Islam embrace Bharatiya Ragas devoted to divine?
Video is just a propaganda of muslims
I'm fed up with the word "Aryans" The people of Indian subcontinent are never being credited for unique things that originated or is present in Indian subcontinent, there is always some Alien or Some Aryan( who we don't know if actually existed) or Some traders! The world simply cannot accept that the people of Indian subcontinent are smart enough to invent or discover something on their own! The rest of the world just simple can't see through! And the lack of documentation makes the people of Indian subcontinent to doubt on their own abilities and the contributions of their ancestors!