No-one knows how explosions work (yet)

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  • Опубликовано: 30 окт 2024

Комментарии • 1,3 тыс.

  • @TomScottGo
    @TomScottGo  Год назад +3211

    An update from Sam, the scientist in the video! He says: "It's been great reading through your comments and seeing people excited and intrigued by our research. I thought it'd be useful to answer some of the common questions that keep cropping up:
    1. Yes, high speed video/photography of explosions is nothing new. They did this all the way back in the 40s and it's famously how GI Taylor estimated the yield of the Trinity test. Our high speed video is not what gives us the new scientific insight, but it does help give us a steer as to what is going on, and it's a fantastic way to demonstrate what an alien world it is so close to an explosion (in time and space!)
    2. Our pressure measurements from the MaCE rig do give us the new scientific insight. If you want to see an example of our recorded data then please feel free to read our recent paper (link in description), Figure 5. We're measuring pressures higher than the strength of normal steel that are applied and removed in 50 microseconds. For comparison, a blink lasts >100 milliseconds, so over two thousand times longer!
    3. Scientists know a lot about nuclear explosions, that's true. There, the energy is released effectively instantaneously and effectively as a point-source. With high explosives, the reaction rates are comparatively slower. That means we have an ongoing chemical reaction that changes if/when the blast wave and fireball come into contact with structures. The exact loading applied to said structure is a function of the pressure-volume-energy state of the fireball, so there's an intricate dance between the two (pressure and reaction rates). This is where current models break down. Yes, even the sophisticated physics-based ones.
    4. We're only just discovering the extent of our ignorance, because until now we simply haven't had the experimental data to compare to. We do know that these secondary reactions are significant, which makes explosions (from high explosives) so difficult to simulate, because we've measured explosions in normal air and in an almost pure nitrogen environment.
    5. Yes, the mottled/bumpy surface of the fireball as it expands outwards is a genuine physical feature, and seen at larger scales too (see photos of the "Minor Scale" test). When we're performing tests that we intend to publish we form our explosives into a 3D-printed mould, but even then we still see these features.
    6. We filmed at 250 thousand frames per second for this video, but our camera can go all the way to 10 million frames per second.
    Thank you once again for showing an interest in our research. Cool, innit?"

    • @andrewdbarr7536
      @andrewdbarr7536 Год назад +112

      For even more explosions and high speed video from Sam and the team, come find us at Sheffield Blast! 💥

    • @Ramentheawsome
      @Ramentheawsome Год назад +55

      Appreciate the follow up information, very exciting stuff!

    • @OnboardG1
      @OnboardG1 Год назад +40

      Harold Edgerton, who developed the camera that photographed the Trinity test, is my scientific hero. He's a rare giant in both the arts and sciences and is one of the reasons I became an electronics engineer. He's a great example of how scientifc outreach using advanced technology can shine a light on the world and inspire the general public at the same time.

    • @Thunderclap117
      @Thunderclap117 Год назад +4

      That definitely is very cool!

    • @intelati49
      @intelati49 Год назад +19

      Thanks for the paper. I enjoy the feeling of the "I know some of these words, but I'm glad someone knows the worth of them"

  • @SemiHypercube
    @SemiHypercube Год назад +10480

    It does make sense why it's difficult to observe what happens in an explosion up close

    • @KKsKrissvs121
      @KKsKrissvs121 Год назад +844

      You should be able to do it efficiently atleast once.

    • @mr.battlecats5512
      @mr.battlecats5512 Год назад +238

      @@KKsKrissvs121 while computers and such are fast nowdays, they likely are not fast enough to send the data about the explosion that fast. the only chanche would be to send the raw output from the sensor trough a wire, but you would still propaply only get about half to quater of it at max, and it would cost a few tens of thousands do to the camera breaking.

    • @tesafrack
      @tesafrack Год назад +65

      couldn't they just send lasers through the expanding wave to measure the density changes? with that you could even make a 3d model of it...

    • @jiyghkjsduhjkbkb
      @jiyghkjsduhjkbkb Год назад +184

      @@tesafrack the light from the lasers will be reflected and refracted therefore producing inaccurate data, at least thats what i think.

    • @zwenkwiel816
      @zwenkwiel816 Год назад +82

      It's easy though, just stand closer....

  • @Zelmel
    @Zelmel Год назад +5676

    You can always tell it's going to be a cool video when we see High Visibility Tom Scott appear.

    • @Pattoe
      @Pattoe Год назад +311

      It's hard not to see High Visibility Tom Scott appear.

    • @operatorchakkoty4257
      @operatorchakkoty4257 Год назад +104

      ​@@Pattoe He's hard to miss.

    • @aloysiuskurnia7643
      @aloysiuskurnia7643 Год назад +33

      Then the high vis worked!

    • @ultra_vires
      @ultra_vires Год назад +25

      He needs a red hi-vis jacket

    • @GaryJohnWalker1
      @GaryJohnWalker1 Год назад +13

      Should be a TS hiviz for sale as merch - missing a fortune

  • @the_real_ch3
    @the_real_ch3 Год назад +2884

    I’m imagining the researchers pausing for moment when Tom asked what the purpose of this was and they had to fight the urge to say “because explosions are cool”

    • @DanielDugovic
      @DanielDugovic Год назад +118

      "We're definitely not planning something malicious."

    • @Oligodendrocyte139
      @Oligodendrocyte139 Год назад +80

      “Because we haven’t had a decent pay rise...”

    • @vigilantcosmicpenguin8721
      @vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 Год назад +30

      "It's about sending a message."

    • @steemlenn8797
      @steemlenn8797 Год назад +14

      @Borrego a Yudando Nah. The auto industry. Millions of deadly several-tons things with the power of several hundred horses that nobody bats an eye about whereever they are. THOSE are dangerous.

    • @Zerbey
      @Zerbey Год назад +13

      Their actual answer was perfectly fine: SCIENCE!

  • @voidmayonnaise
    @voidmayonnaise Год назад +3974

    3:17 Tom: “What’s the use for this?”
    Researchers: “Uh, because *it’s rad?”*

    • @TheGreatCalsby
      @TheGreatCalsby Год назад +339

      "We'd like to look at an explosion in slow motion"
      The funding board: "say no more fam"

    • @proCaylak
      @proCaylak Год назад +35

      maybe they also **deg** it.

    • @pileofstuff
      @pileofstuff Год назад +120

      The researcher's last word on the subject is "cool, innit?"
      When the researchers are excited by their work, that's when you get the most results.

    • @pepperypeppers2755
      @pepperypeppers2755 Год назад +6

      That's science

    • @bagel_deficient
      @bagel_deficient Год назад +105

      @@pepperypeppers2755 "Remember kids, the only difference between screwing around and science is writing it down." - Alex Jason/Adam Savage Edit: I got the quote slightly wrong. Fixed.

  • @SpotAllen
    @SpotAllen Год назад +1059

    The best of these videos are when the chaperone is as giddy and excited about the tech as Tom is.

    • @DavidKnowles0
      @DavidKnowles0 Год назад +66

      There nothing better than a excited adult. May be because most are pretty boring and unexcitable.

    • @turtlepenguinXkizuna
      @turtlepenguinXkizuna Год назад +21

      @@DavidKnowles0and perhaps also because we have been conditioned by society not to show excitement even if we feel it 🥲

    • @Fragrantbeard
      @Fragrantbeard Год назад +6

      @@turtlepenguinXkizuna absolutely and it's such a loss for every one of us. Let's all get giddy about things we love!

    • @soundscape26
      @soundscape26 Год назад +2

      @@turtlepenguinXkizuna Not to show excitement? Ever been to a football match? Sometimes there's way too much excitement.

    • @DrSamRigby
      @DrSamRigby Год назад +9

      That's *Dr* Chaperone to you... ;-)

  • @hieracium3317
    @hieracium3317 Год назад +540

    If you go to 5:06 and use the . button to go frame by frame, you can see that the ground lights up 1 frame before the explosion is visible. This is because the camera scans in "lines" of pixels top to bottom. When it was at the explosive material, it had not gone off yet, by the time it got to the ground, it had.

    • @richcolour
      @richcolour Год назад +45

      thank you for the dot button tip!

    • @kaspianepps7946
      @kaspianepps7946 Год назад +39

      @@richcolour You can also use the comma to go back a frame.

    • @sheltongolden4394
      @sheltongolden4394 Год назад +12

      Equally interesting is the shape and location of the light. It almost looks masked off somehow.

    • @f.eugenedunnamiii9452
      @f.eugenedunnamiii9452 Год назад +45

      Thanks for the tip on how waste even more time on you tube. Now I have watch all the slowmo guys videos again.

    • @vivekvenugopal
      @vivekvenugopal Год назад

      Wow, cool find! Thanks!

  • @TomScottGo
    @TomScottGo  Год назад +3823

    The actual data from this test didn't make it into the video (it's just a LOT of numbers), but there's a paper in the description for those so inclined! And this week's pinned-comment plug: the Technical Difficulties are back! A new season of four adventures from me, Chris, Gary and Matt over at ruclips.net/user/techdif - one every Thursday.

  • @dpittman42
    @dpittman42 Год назад +1019

    Tom is the only person that makes a saftey vest look like reasonable casual wear.

    • @dan_rad
      @dan_rad Год назад +75

      We're just so used to it now that it's like him adorning a red t-shirt.

    • @thezouave7636
      @thezouave7636 Год назад +42

      I think a lot of this has to do with how the color of the reflective strips match the color of the hoodie.

    • @vojtechjanda9684
      @vojtechjanda9684 Год назад +11

      ...whereas colinfurze is the only person that makes a casual tie look like reasonable safety equipment :D

    • @CatFish107
      @CatFish107 Год назад

      ever been in an English pub around lunch time?

    • @firesurfer
      @firesurfer Год назад

      Is anyone bothered that it was crooked?

  • @laurencewilliams2597
    @laurencewilliams2597 Год назад +83

    Sam was my lecturer in the blast protection module of my civil engineering degree. Fascinating subject and a great teacher.

    • @markoman324
      @markoman324 Год назад +14

      Sam popping off and getting the limelight he absolutely deserves

  • @EngineeringMindset
    @EngineeringMindset Год назад +1429

    5:51 interesting to see the shockwave resonates the dust under the table. Wonder what impact this has on the signals within the data cables which run out from here and if a deflector would be beneficial

    • @DreadX10
      @DreadX10 Год назад +72

      The dust is kicked up but I see no resonance. The shockwave through the air will hit the striped screen and bounce back. This could cause the appearance of a interference-pattern. I think the dust kicks up because the barrel restricts the flow of air underneath it. Also, the barrel's 4 wheels are pushed into the dirt, so they cause some disturbance too.

    • @RedTrex9
      @RedTrex9 Год назад

      Nerds.

    • @user-op8fg3ny3j
      @user-op8fg3ny3j Год назад +7

      @@DreadX10 what's the differnece?

    • @Eyes-bv9sx
      @Eyes-bv9sx Год назад +18

      As the wave passes through the cable linearly at any one point, as a radio wave would, you could likely use conventional noise removal techniques.

    • @anteshell
      @anteshell Год назад +12

      @@user-op8fg3ny3j Quite literally everything.

  • @Krazylegz42
    @Krazylegz42 Год назад +354

    Oh hey, this is something I actually do active research and development on! We’ve actually gotten pretty good at making computer simulations of these kind of explosions using multi-phase physics models. The Kingery-Bulmash model that Tom mentioned is still used in places, but it’s ridiculously simple compared to real simulations.

    • @cdavie5
      @cdavie5 Год назад +24

      I've always been curious: how do you wrangle the positive feedback from heating? Do you let it run wild but put a cap on transport rates, or what's the strategy?

    • @ethan-loves
      @ethan-loves Год назад +8

      That's so cool! Are any of those simulators publicly available?

    • @araragikoyomi99
      @araragikoyomi99 Год назад +3

      And here I thought blowing things up industrially was fun. I really want to get into the research/engineering side of things, but that generally requires more education than I've got/am willing and able to acquire at this point.

    • @Krazylegz42
      @Krazylegz42 Год назад +31

      @@cdavie5 That's such a good question. If you're modeling the chemistry, then the heat production will be limited by how much reactant is available. So like you say, it's limited by transport, either how fast fresh reactant can get in by diffusion, or how fast the heat can spread by thermal conductivity. Or in the case of a detonation, it's limited by the how fast the shock wave can travel and how much energy can be released by the material.
      In my case, we don't really model the detailed chemistry because it'd be so expensive. We have an equation of state for the energetic material, which controls the amount of energy and temperature that's released.

    • @xBaronSamedi
      @xBaronSamedi Год назад +3

      @@Krazylegz42 got any recommended reading for equation of state models? I’ve done some reading on impact constituent models like Johnson cook, but I had trouble finding a primer of shock EOS

  • @ICountFrom0
    @ICountFrom0 Год назад +257

    I love it when a sciency person says, "We don't know what we don't know", it's both so true, and so honest.

    • @beth12svist
      @beth12svist Год назад +14

      Or sometimes just "we don't know."
      It actually kind of is a sign of a good sciency person that they WILL say that.

    • @jameshenner5831
      @jameshenner5831 Год назад +3

      If you don't know what you don't know, does that involve research research?

    • @dmarsub
      @dmarsub Год назад +8

      Unknown unknows are an important concepr in theory of knowledge as it requires different approaches and heuristics.

    • @aarondavis8943
      @aarondavis8943 Год назад

      ​@@dmarsub Just ask Donald Rumsfeld. Unknown unknowns ruined his life.

  • @DoctorX17
    @DoctorX17 Год назад +112

    It’s amazing how many things there are that people had theories about how they worked 100+ years ago, and yet we’re either no closer to actually knowing or we’re JUST getting into it, like this

    • @mendelson6052
      @mendelson6052 Год назад

      Just imagine life 100 years from now

  • @marvindebot3264
    @marvindebot3264 Год назад +37

    Nothing a scientist loves more than someone who obviously appreciates their work, you could see how chuffed he was at Tom's genuine amazement.

  • @HouseholdDog
    @HouseholdDog Год назад +683

    Always amazes me that a scientist 100 years ago can think up theories that we can only test today.

    • @titan5064
      @titan5064 Год назад +103

      Kinda same nowdays, there are a lot of theories that we have no way to prove but who knows, maybe 100 years later someone will prove or disprove them (string theory etc)

    • @abel3557
      @abel3557 Год назад +23

      When you have people who dedicate their lives for their dreams, they excel. The entire lives of these scientists were composed of constant studying and creativity. Like Isaac Newton, he studied daily. And with his creativity, he began applying his knowledge to many other fields.

    • @Colopty
      @Colopty Год назад +38

      And if those scientists were still alive I'd like to believe they'd be very smug about it.

    • @thezipcreator
      @thezipcreator Год назад +31

      @@titan5064 idk if string theory will ever be falsifiable, it's just so out there, and they always say that they'll get evidence in the next decade.
      then again, we were able to disprove theories that explained dark energy as instead the universe existing on a 5d shape via closely measuring gravitational waves, so maybe we'll be able to someday.

    • @Dead25m
      @Dead25m Год назад +4

      @@Colopty Who wouldn't be? It would be amazing to be that correct that far back.

  • @StairStealer
    @StairStealer Год назад +35

    I love how jealous Tom looked when he was told the camera recorded a quarter million FPS. Like, that was just as much a highlight for him as the explosion

    • @MarcTamlyn
      @MarcTamlyn Год назад +4

      If ever there was a Tom Scott video to collab with Slow Mo Guys...

    • @Trit0n1
      @Trit0n1 Год назад +3

      And we run that camera all the way up to 10 million frames per second 😅

    • @marvindebot3264
      @marvindebot3264 Год назад +1

      @@Trit0n1 Holy crap! How many tenths of a second can you put in buffer at that rate?

    • @Trit0n1
      @Trit0n1 Год назад +1

      @@marvindebot3264 We can only put 128 frames in buffer.

    • @marvindebot3264
      @marvindebot3264 Год назад

      @@Trit0n1 I thought it would be small. that's an incredible framerate. So you get about a nanosecond of footage?

  • @jaciem
    @jaciem Год назад +37

    The last two utterances in this video encapsulate why I watch Tom Scott videos: his genuine desire not only to allow people passionate about interesting things to explain them, but also to *get excited along with them*.

    • @KarlEller
      @KarlEller Год назад +1

      Tom geeks out about learning new things, which lets the people he's interviewing geek out about their subject matter.

  • @nitroOCE
    @nitroOCE Год назад +511

    tom scott is THE cool guy that doesn't look at explosions

    • @gruber450
      @gruber450 Год назад +8

      He is HIM

    • @squeeeps
      @squeeeps Год назад +13

      He blows things up and then walks away

    • @DrackcoNova
      @DrackcoNova Год назад +2

      He just listens

    • @thickmomson
      @thickmomson Год назад +3

      He strides forward in his dimond covered boots

    • @MaxLennon
      @MaxLennon Год назад +9

      He does, however, give a cheesy grin to camera!

  • @laratheplanespotter
    @laratheplanespotter Год назад +83

    Tom, this has been a game changer video. I cannot understate how much this has solidified what I want to do as a career. I’m currently working on a forensic science degree and have been thinking of doing something like explosives and/or fires. Yes, I do definitely want to do this. This blew my mind up with it! Thank you!!

  • @miriam-lk4ix
    @miriam-lk4ix Год назад +10

    Wish I had this video about 4 months ago, my dissertation was about simulating fires and part of the background was saying why we couldn't/ it's so difficult to simulate explosions! Nice video once again 👌

  • @Geeksmithing
    @Geeksmithing Год назад +56

    This video is pyrotechnically correct. The best kind of correct.

  • @WisdomThumbs
    @WisdomThumbs Год назад +7

    Last year I worked for a MACV-SOG/SEAL veteran, who works for the Department of Defense. He’s been mapping the surface areas of expanding blast waves as an engineer. I learned new applications of Brownian Motion from him.

    • @jonathanpfeffer3716
      @jonathanpfeffer3716 Год назад

      damn, MACV-SOG and an engineer, that’s a hell of a career

    • @JohnNeo19
      @JohnNeo19 Год назад

      @@jonathanpfeffer3716despite the stereotype about soldiers being stupid you don’t become special forces if you’re dumb. Most of those guys could go get a college degree and be successful out of the military.
      The reason they stay in and get shot at is because they want to.

  • @kier_eli
    @kier_eli Год назад +234

    No-one knows how explosions work (yet), but Tom Scott will be there to tell us, for sure

  • @davidkerr885
    @davidkerr885 Год назад +27

    Ooh! The HSE labs :) fascinating place. Built on top of RAF Harpur Hill, in its day it was the second largest munitions dump in the country - a honeycomb of concrete bunkers built in a disused quarry before being backfilled to look like a hill again. Also one of the locations where the MOD dismantled and studied the German vengeance weapons of WW2...

    • @Oligodendrocyte139
      @Oligodendrocyte139 Год назад +2

      Shhhh...

    • @Trit0n1
      @Trit0n1 Год назад +1

      Have you got any history about the area? This site is on top of hte hill and not near the tunnels. But we are very interested in the site and its history and always lookin for more information.

  • @jamiepearson532
    @jamiepearson532 Год назад +13

    That feeling when you're just graduating from Sheffield and you didn't even realise that your uni was doing thing.

  • @delcogoblin
    @delcogoblin Год назад +29

    It's amazing how the black and white slow mo looks exactly like those still frames of the Trinity explosion, which was 186,000 times bigger.

  • @Datamining101
    @Datamining101 Год назад +7

    The multiscale/multiphysics and tiny timesteps required to simulate this stuff is so complicated. Data like this is used during validation and uncertainty quantification for models.

  • @JenBacobs
    @JenBacobs Год назад +14

    The dust coming off the large concrete pad is really interesting - shows how much energy is in even that 100g of explosive

    • @aarondavis8943
      @aarondavis8943 Год назад

      0.0000001kilotons.
      or 0.000000005 Hiroshimas.
      Actually this only works if the explosive is tnt but I can't be bothered.

  • @Sysel.
    @Sysel. Год назад +11

    I can't be the only one who was kinda expecting to hear Slow mo guys music at 5:17

  • @yaseen157
    @yaseen157 Год назад +11

    We had this problem when designing our detonation rig at the University of Southampton. We needed a way to collect experimental data that wasn't just qualitative, and it was incredibly difficult to find a sensor that we could expose directly to the detonation on the inside of a detonation chamber that could read data fast enough, resist the 3,000 Kelvin instantaneous temperature, and sustain anywhere from vacuum to 60 atmospheres of pressure. Using strain gauges is a cool idea to look at detonation wave speeds, but I don't see how they can read static pressure and temperature with time

  • @RedSunT
    @RedSunT Год назад +9

    "Remember kids, the only difference between screwing around and science is writing it down."

  • @jblen
    @jblen Год назад +39

    I get that its built for different forces and that, but its quite funny seeing this box delicately lowered to the ground by the forklift before it's blown up by an explosive

    • @mrpositronia
      @mrpositronia Год назад +8

      Like protecting a perpetrator's head as they get in the police car, after being tazered and beaten.

  • @POTThaesslich
    @POTThaesslich Год назад +20

    Now do a video of you going through Heathrow security. I once visited an explosion test site and then had a very interesting discussion at the Airport…

    • @marvindebot3264
      @marvindebot3264 Год назад +13

      I'm a pyrotech, we put all clothing worn during blasting in sealed bags in checked luggage. Nothing (even boots) that was near explosives goes on you or in your carry-on. I pass the swab testing 95% of the time and we have ID to cover the times we don't.

  • @phil.wilcox
    @phil.wilcox Год назад +7

    Great video Tom - but please for goodness sake get the slow mo guys there with a phantom camera! They did an amazing video with an explosion where you could clearly see the shockwave, initial blast wave and negative wave pressure.

  • @jacklewis1
    @jacklewis1 Год назад +2

    The access statistics of the paper show clearly when tom uploaded.

  • @justmej9364
    @justmej9364 Год назад +36

    This looks like a job for the Slo Mo Guys 😁

  • @flinxsl
    @flinxsl Год назад +22

    It's amazing that we can understand so much about nature, yet be eluded by such basic things. Another example of this is the dynamics of a 2 wheeled vehicle such as a bicycle or motorcycle.

    • @brennancork
      @brennancork Год назад +2

      Humans 100% understand every aspect of how a bicycle works. Coming from a bike shop mechanic.

    • @flinxsl
      @flinxsl Год назад +4

      You should publish a paper describing how the wheels rotating increases upright stability then. It would be guaranteed to make waves.

    • @soaringvulture
      @soaringvulture Год назад +1

      @@brennancork Right. My bicycle has never done anything strange. Even when crashing into a BMW.

    • @brennancork
      @brennancork Год назад +2

      @@flinxsl already been done many times, my wave would be minuscule in magnitude and duration

    • @maximusthegreatest
      @maximusthegreatest Год назад

      @@brennancork I just looked it up and it has not been done. It looks like theory is that the moving wheel creates a gyroscopic effect which keeps it upright but they did an experiment to eliminate the gyroscopic effect and it it still remained stable soooooo

  • @theninjabay
    @theninjabay Год назад +9

    The "kick vs push" question is similar to the "what is a dot?" one. if you look far enough, everything is a dot (just like everything is a kick if you speed it fast enough). It becomes interesting if you zoom in the other direction. :)

    • @DrSamRigby
      @DrSamRigby Год назад +5

      Don't mind me, just stealing this explanation to use in the future ;-)

  • @HerzogVonMartian
    @HerzogVonMartian Год назад +2

    if I am not mistaken it's taught in the military to stay clear of walls during explosions exactly because of this double pressure from the blast and the bounce.

  • @KitchenSinkSoup
    @KitchenSinkSoup Год назад +13

    1:07 Really should be called the Senior Lecturer in Big Booms

  • @NicksGotBeef
    @NicksGotBeef Год назад +2

    That was absolutely fascinating and possibly the most interesting vid I’ve watched this year.

  • @JBLewis
    @JBLewis Год назад +73

    I feel like, as a result of so many encounters with so many different phenomena, Tom has begun to intuit some of the observations these scientists are making. A sort of "wait, wait, don't tell me! Let me see if I've got this right!" thing.

  • @mightyowl363
    @mightyowl363 Год назад +76

    Interestingly enough this is a similar problem that we have in lightning research, in the sense that you cannot get close to the object you are studying. So maybe their research can also benefit lightning researchers in their efforts!

    • @chakflying1
      @chakflying1 Год назад +3

      I thought rocket induced lightning has been a thing for many years. Are you talking about the high altitude stuff?

    • @kaboomgaming4255
      @kaboomgaming4255 Год назад +16

      ​@@chakflying1i think they mean the fact that you can't put sensitive sensors right next to lightning bolts because they'll get fried

    • @glypnir
      @glypnir Год назад +2

      I suspect that the data gathered can be used to suppress or enhance explosions in the future. It is ever so. It’s also a constant that the researchers will present what the think sells the best.

  • @EJGilb
    @EJGilb Год назад +1

    Congratulations on 6m subs Tom, still going strong after all this time ❤.

  • @hg-sx5nk
    @hg-sx5nk Год назад +7

    At 05:13 : Tom's got the face of someone who's going to spend the next 12 hours searching for the right frame 😅. Fortunately, it didn't take that long.

  • @dennis2376
    @dennis2376 Год назад

    I thought this was an old episode replayed. Thank you and a have a great day.

  • @Banana_Fusion
    @Banana_Fusion Год назад +6

    4:54
    "We kinda don't know what we don't know"
    -Mr Pioneer the engineer, 2023

  • @Rocklobster6285
    @Rocklobster6285 Год назад +1

    That is a VERY satisfying explosion noise

  • @McStebb
    @McStebb Год назад +5

    2:15 Kinda cool to see 3D printed tooling used in an application like this! With heat set threaded inserts even

  • @povertymidas
    @povertymidas Год назад +1

    FASCINATING stuff, the possibilities are astounding of this kind of understanding

  • @IamPhant0m
    @IamPhant0m Год назад +5

    That’s what I’m working on currently for my masters. It’s a difficult line of research due to how much of it isn’t public knowledge.

  • @moos5221
    @moos5221 Год назад +2

    Yooooo....mixing in some "Slow Mo Guys"-like stuff into science stuff from Tom Scott...I'm loving it!

  • @jankrusat2150
    @jankrusat2150 Год назад +9

    Reminds me of the shock waves reflected by the ground during air bursts of nuclear weapons (albeit on a much larger scale), which then interfere constructively and largely increase the force of the blast.

  • @EnabiSeira
    @EnabiSeira Год назад +1

    That was fascinating. Thanks to the reasearch team for showing us

  • @rocksteeltitan
    @rocksteeltitan Год назад +18

    Damn, filmed at about 250,000 fps, giving The Slow Mo Guys a run for their money.
    5:10

    • @longofire236
      @longofire236 Год назад +5

      These researchers have a camera that does 10,000,000 FPS

    • @rocksteeltitan
      @rocksteeltitan Год назад

      @@longofire236 Damn that’s one strong camera

    • @christian_swjy
      @christian_swjy Год назад +1

      @@rocksteeltitan That's what millions in research funding pay for. Powerful research instruments and talents (of course).

  • @secretlyamacat
    @secretlyamacat Год назад +1

    This is the most Slow Mo Guys video Tom Scott has ever done.

  • @LiterallyMark1
    @LiterallyMark1 Год назад +9

    1:00 ah yes the Tom Scott red shirt flag has been raised to alert everyone of his presence

  • @Henry14arsenal2007
    @Henry14arsenal2007 10 месяцев назад +2

    This little thing looked way more powerful than what we got for the explosion in Oppenheimer.

    • @dylangabriel2703
      @dylangabriel2703 9 месяцев назад +1

      Oppenheimer should have used the actual trinity footage remastered

  • @Some_Awe
    @Some_Awe Год назад +20

    i genuinely feel like insights in this research can be changing the future of humanity, control over the force exerted at that precise a scale lets us make new engines, reactors, materials

    • @drabberfrog
      @drabberfrog 6 месяцев назад

      It can also help us make more destructive explosives, they kinda swept that little detail under the rug.

  • @gregconen
    @gregconen Год назад +1

    "Cool, isn't it?" Clearly someone who very much enjoys his job.

  • @tygrak
    @tygrak Год назад +11

    Tom trying out being one of the slow mo guys

  • @Van-Leo
    @Van-Leo Год назад +2

    tom i want you to know that i love your podcast lateral and will be absolutely crushed if it ever goes away, mentioning it here, because i didn't know it existed until recently.

  • @ann18o96
    @ann18o96 Год назад +9

    I could easily observe an explosion up close in detail. At least once.

  • @carlopton
    @carlopton Год назад

    I need Tom Scott in my life. If I have to live vicariously, then he is the best route to travel. I have lost track of how many deep dives, and google earth expeditions i have done, because I wanted to know more about one of this snippets of fascinating info. Grammar is a goal, never for this me, myself, and I, to attain.

  • @nicgauthier7189
    @nicgauthier7189 Год назад +14

    It almost looks like a fractal pattern when it’s exploding, as if it’s pushing in a set path.

  • @a1919akelbo
    @a1919akelbo Год назад +2

    I like that the guys setting up the tennis ball sized piece of c4 are wearing earmuffs and safety glasses.

    • @John_L
      @John_L Год назад

      And idiotic hi-viz, none of which will be of any use at all if the damn thing decides to go off! Especially the hi-viz.

  • @dailysneakers_
    @dailysneakers_ Год назад +7

    That's true! I'm an FX artist and the start of the simulation is pretty weird, it looks cool because it's the magic of the cinema, it's based on real life but the actual application is very weird indeed lol

  • @andrewsteele7663
    @andrewsteele7663 Год назад +1

    Thanks Tom, that was brilliant, my coffee nearly went cold. Cheers

  • @andreass2301
    @andreass2301 Год назад +5

    Wow! Look at that HUGE lego at 4:35!

  • @Joemamma664
    @Joemamma664 Год назад +2

    Congratulations on the 6 million subscribers.. 5.99 .. almost there

  • @ed8586
    @ed8586 Год назад +8

    Another great Tom Scott video!

    • @Doubleolick
      @Doubleolick Год назад +2

      You couldn't have watched it in the1min it's been uploaded by now 😄

  • @TopherPhoton
    @TopherPhoton Год назад +1

    These dudes blow things up in slow motion for a living.
    That's definitely cool.

  • @MelodicMiner5
    @MelodicMiner5 Год назад +15

    This is the kind of thing I thought people would have figured out by now. It’s crazy how much we still don’t know about the world

    • @Jim1255783
      @Jim1255783 Год назад +3

      It’s that classic thing of asking, “yes, but why…?” over and over again… get closer, get smaller, see things in more depth… answer the ‘Why?’ at one scale and then ask, “But what happens at the molecular scale?”

    • @bbgun061
      @bbgun061 Год назад +2

      We've been blowing things up for a long time; it's reasonable to think that.
      But anything chaotic is really hard to model. We don't really understand turbulent flow such as water in a stream either.

    • @AndrewBlacker-wr2ve
      @AndrewBlacker-wr2ve Год назад

      It's crazy?
      You don't know what "crazy" really means.

  • @MrLevtastic
    @MrLevtastic Год назад +5

    Dr Sam seems like a fun guy to chat to about explosions

    • @DrSamRigby
      @DrSamRigby Год назад +1

      Please tell that to my students

  • @michelinman8592
    @michelinman8592 Год назад +2

    Now *THIS* is the kind of science I can get behind!

  • @cheaterman49
    @cheaterman49 Год назад +3

    It's interesting how a slow-mo real explosion looks a lot like a movie one :-) turns out they were really onto something, haha!

  • @curlyvideos
    @curlyvideos Год назад +2

    5:10
    Footage shown is just an MRI of Tom Scott while watching/hearing the explosion.
    Cool part is, it's a perfect model of the explosion itself.

    • @vigilantcosmicpenguin8721
      @vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 Год назад

      Once scientists figure out how explosions work, the next thing to tackle will be cranial explosions.

  • @cageordie
    @cageordie Год назад +26

    I used to work with a group of people who designed warheads, like HB 876 (I knew the guy who suggested the dimpled case) and BL 755. When I was paying attention they were modelling self forging fragments, which involved modelling the detonation of explosives and the forming of the metal plate that they were in contact with. Their experimental results corresponded very well with their model. So I'm surprised to hear, nearly 30 years later, that they didn't understand the explosion. It seemed like they understood it really well. This short range blast was actually far outside of their area of interest, by the time the plate started to move the explosion was discarded from calculations and the metal was just coasting to its final configuration (teardrop shape, pointy end first) and had already reached its maximum velocity.

    • @stephenhoward6829
      @stephenhoward6829 Год назад +21

      All a warhead designer is interested in is the final effect, not the minutiae of the initial detonation. Final effect can be determined by the simple expedient of explosive testing, rather than by mathematical calculation. The explosive testing is going to happen anyway, so you cut to the chase and get a bigger bang for your buck.

    • @JarrodFrates
      @JarrodFrates Год назад +1

      I just looked up the HB 876. The dimpling reminds me a little of shape charge warheads. Did they invert and become penetrators?

    • @cageordie
      @cageordie Год назад

      @@JarrodFrates Exactly. HB 876 is an area denial mine. So it is dropped in a swarm and they are influence and time fuzed. If you look up JP233 or HADES you will see the dispensers. The mines have springs on the side which stand them up. If something drives over them , or knocks them over, they detonate. If you try to clear them with a dozer they are cunningly designed to tip towards the blade and fire the main EFP through the dozer. At random times they detonate and blast out a ring of small EFPs which 'interfere' with clearance efforts. If I remember right they are dangerous to several hundred meters. In JP233 they are dispensed around SG357 cratering munitions, so they crater a runway and surround the craters with mines that no sensible person would approach. In testing in the US the pilot missed the target area and dropped them in grass, they had to burn the grass then use three teams of snipers to detonate the mines from a safe distance.

  • @RachelShortyRRees
    @RachelShortyRRees Год назад +6

    Can we all appreciate how much a wonder nerd Tom is. He is all of us there

  • @namco003
    @namco003 11 месяцев назад

    I will say this, as I watched the regular explosion vs 'Hollywood' explosion a few hours ago(also you on fire), seeing it again in the beginning, you are probably the only person cheesing a smile the whole time, and it is glorious. 🥰

  • @shinyagumon7015
    @shinyagumon7015 Год назад +16

    Cool guys look away from explosions, cooler guys look AT the explosions.

    • @GodofToast
      @GodofToast Год назад +7

      The coolest guys study them and the driving force behind them

    • @Jayfive276
      @Jayfive276 Год назад +1

      The coolest guys look INTO explosions.

    • @nexustom5823
      @nexustom5823 Год назад

      ​@@Jayfive276so like chemistry?

    • @SpotfixYT
      @SpotfixYT Год назад

      Coolest guys die in the explosions

  • @QuackForceOne
    @QuackForceOne Год назад

    I absolutely love watching you. so informational. I just set you up on my second monitor and work on my primary.. Keeps me entertained all day! Thank you!

  • @darjr
    @darjr Год назад +10

    Have you ever covered how factories stitch books with thread? I'm trying to get my brain around it and just can't. I haven't found any videos that go into how it works, at least not as well or detailed or complete as some do for fabric sewing.

    • @ktcd1172
      @ktcd1172 Год назад +5

      @Dave Rosser It might be an older method than you are looking for, but Adam Savage just recently did some videos on bookbinding at a bookbinding museum with historical equipment. The person explaining things to Adam went into detail about how the equipment sewed the signatures.

    • @allenh4771
      @allenh4771 Год назад +2

      Look for medieval bookbinding videos, one just popped up on my recommended vids last week. I would imagine factories do it the same way just quicker..

  • @arrjay2410
    @arrjay2410 Год назад +2

    Good report. Bang up job.

  • @sbraypaynt
    @sbraypaynt Год назад +3

    5:05 if you pause frame by frame you can see that the light from the explosion shows up on the ground faster than the camera can catch the light emitting from the actual explosive.

    • @WyattWinters
      @WyattWinters Год назад +3

      rolling shutter?

    • @Trit0n1
      @Trit0n1 Год назад

      @@WyattWinters Yip, that footage was filmed with Toms little camera not a high speed one

  • @seagie382
    @seagie382 Год назад +1

    It does make sense why it would be so "difficult" to measure and understand a concept so important to nuclear weapons.

  • @wscamel226
    @wscamel226 Год назад +6

    Imagine meassuring blasts. That job must be a blast

    • @samsmith3464
      @samsmith3464 Год назад +2

      Imagine measuring *explosions*, that job must be a blast. FTFY

  • @CarthagoMike
    @CarthagoMike Год назад +1

    Interesting stuff. I'll be sure to check out the paper you linked in the description.

  • @2P4E
    @2P4E Год назад +6

    I turned the volume up and started paying more attention at "...could save lives" and it immediately made me feel like a big utilitarian nerd instead of a just a vague general nerd.

  • @RigzDigz
    @RigzDigz Год назад

    Congratulations on 6 Million!

  • @Carhill
    @Carhill Год назад +6

    I bet this'll be a banger.

  • @midimusicforever
    @midimusicforever Год назад +1

    We haven't figured explosions out? I am blown away!

  • @theily1724
    @theily1724 Год назад +7

    If you film yourself being very, very close to an explosion for TikTok, you’ll soon be everywhere.

  • @welkinator
    @welkinator Год назад +1

    "A whacking big steel plate..." love it!

  • @johnchessant3012
    @johnchessant3012 Год назад +7

    how awesome would it be to say you study explosions for a living

    • @DrSamRigby
      @DrSamRigby Год назад

      If only it would make me a hit at parties... 😮‍💨

  • @teamcyeborg
    @teamcyeborg Год назад

    I like how the title implies that Tom is going to directly cause an act of terror that will _MAKE THEM LEARN_

  • @jasontarantino920
    @jasontarantino920 Год назад +4

    This team needs to hit up the slow mo guys

  • @Elish-a
    @Elish-a Год назад

    Congratulations to Tom for reaching 6 million subscribers 🎉

  • @matthewfensterwald1853
    @matthewfensterwald1853 Год назад +13

    Love your work!