JesusArchaeology #12: The Last Night of Jesus' Life
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- Опубликовано: 6 сен 2024
- In this ongoing treatment of the "Last Days of Jesus" I turn to his last evening and what went on based on both a critical view of the texts as well as some significant archaeological discoveries. Some real surprises here.
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I wish my mother was alive to have seen your work. She’d have been totally absorbed. As am I.
Your lectures are always a joy to listen to and watch, thank you!
Here because I saw an early cut of Christspiracy. Can’t wait to see the public response to it. Looking forward to diving into your videos they are very interesting!
Has Dr Tabor made any investigation into the grotto which is accessed from the Franciscan church where the purported tomb of Mary Magdelene is? This cavernous grotto has been used as a prayer room for many centuries.
However, in 1956, the Franciscans decided to refurbish the floor, but allowed an archeologist to examine what was originally there, before the floor was laid. He found the remains of the crushing vat near the entrance. Further inside was the circular foundation of the press with the niche still visible today in the wall where the great wooden beam was situated. Against the rear wall, an area of the floor had been cut into ripped lines, to hold the bases of the amphorae. He also noticed that beneath the floor was another cave with an ancient Mikvah - for purification before the workers made the oil for temple use. This first century Mikvah has now been opened from the ground level and can be viewed for tourists.
Considering that Get-shemen, (oil press) is not identified by "garden" in the three synoptics, I would agree with the Franciscan tradition that Jesus met in this spacious, cool grotto often with his disciples and this is where he left 8 of them sleeping (possibly outside?) taking Peter James and John (perhaps inside?) and went "a little further" down to the Mikvah area to pray.... And perhaps also to baptize the mysterious young man of Mk 14:51-52, wrapping him in the white linen sindōn afterwards? Could he be the same rich young ruler whom Jesus loved (Mk 10:21) who then changed his mind?
21Jesus looked at him and loved him. “One thing you lack,” he said. “Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”
There are not many to whom Jesus gave this specific call to follow him - to be one of his chosen. So there is a real possibility that this young man might have changed his mind and sought out Jesus ... who was baptising him to become the replacement for Judas?
Alternatively, it may have been his younger brother, James being commissioned through a further naked baptism ceremony and enrobing him with the Essenes' white linen as the next leader? I'm aware that giving of the sindōn may have signified a commissioning, is an interpretation that Dr Tabor has of the passage in Hebrew Matthew where Jesus gives the sindōn to the High Priest's servant to give to James? Why mention Peter cutting off his ear at this time? Were the Pauline prejudiced later gospel writers trying to obscure the importance of James here, as well?
I know I have asked a lot of questions but it has to be admitted that there is some textual and archeological substance to my speculations.
Would love some feedback! 🙂
"So great is the Splender of a Virtous life that a Peaceful Consious is Won. " Saint Ambrose 🌹
Thank you Mr. Tabor🌹
P.s. Today is my Twins Birthday😁😁
Thank you - for this and all your scholarship!
Very insightful and informative.
Thank Dr. Tabor!
In John, that week was HI SABBATH. That means there were two sabbaths that week. One on Thursday and then the regular 7th day SABBATH. So, Jesus was crucified on Wednesday and rose from the grave after sunset on the 7th day SABBATH. Hence, you get as Jesus said he'll be in the grave for full 3 nights and 3 days in the grave and ascended back into the right hand of God from he came. Amen
That's not how Mark tells it. I believe Mark. Not John.
Love the discussion about the Essene quarter in Jerusalem, very interesting.
Thank you I love listening to your content very educational 🙏
Thank you Professor for this great series, I missed some of them. I'll go back and watch it all over again.
Passover timing can be a rather lively debate within Christianity when it concerns what day of the week it took place. It's a lot of tripping over a twenty dollar bill to pick up a nickel rather than trying to do both.
Thank you Dr Tabor … fantastic! 🙏👏
This is very fun to listen to. Don’t stop.
According to the Mishna, the Passover meal was to be eaten on the *ground floor* in Jerusalem. Jesus requested an "upper room". He did this purposely for some reason. Perhaps to let them know the Last Supper was part of a new covenant and something different.
Great episode!!! Ty
In Luke it sounds like they are sitting at the table about to eat the Passover meal, and Jesus is saying He won't eat, but he is serving them so they can eat.
This would disqualify the upper-room supper as being a seder.
“Wait, there is more! Not only did every person have to find a place to eat the korban, he had to find a place on the ground floor! The Gemara says that although the korban had to be eaten within the walled city, it could only be eaten on the ground floor, since upper levels and rooftops were not awarded the unique sanctity of the walled city. Also, one must take into consideration that when eating the korban they were reclining on couches which necessitated even more room!” (Pesachim 85b)
Sorry, but I find the cover pic objectionable (although I haven't listened yet!). Just voicing my opinion Dr. Tabor!
curious to know where you got the thumbnail from Its a cool piece of art!
Great work and I agree totally.
Hello from Kansas 🇺🇲
The word Essenes remains questionable since they didn’t appear in the DSS manuscripts. The writers identified themselves as the sons of Zadok.
There were several different calendars in that period. YAHAWAHSHI our Redeemer kept the Passover according to the Zadokite Priest’s calendar as someone has commented earlier here.
Great stuff!
He says the baths and latrines were outside the city wall, but the drawing looks like they are inside.
Incorrigible depiction of the Last Supper. ❤
Another interesting episode in an excellent series.
I have doubted the details of the accounts of Jesus' history, activities, and sayings by writers who were not eyewitnesses. Even if a writer was an eyewitness, his writings are personal interpretations regarding the meaning and significance of events and words purportedly spoken by Jesus.
do you doubt the words of Jewish survivors of the Holocaust?
@@PC-vg8vn Why do you ask?
@@georgegrubbs2966 because you seem to say that you dont trust eyewitness testimony.
@@PC-vg8vn Eyewitness testimory is notoriously incorrect. Take for example three people who are eyewitnesses to a traffic accident. They will describe the accident is severely conflicting terms. Even though police use eyewitness testimony, the error rate is astounding. Many innocent people have gone to prison for life even been executed on erroneous eyewitness testimony. Thankfully, some innocent people in prison are being exonerated.
Regarding the Bible and Jesus' life and death, there weren't many eyewitnesses that later described exactly what they saw or heared. As you probably know many books of the New Testament were not written by the person the Bible attributes them to. For example, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John were not the desciples Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, and probably had other names. Same for many of Paul's epistles. This was determined by years and years of textural and historical research with no motives other than seeking the facts.
As you also probably know, there are loads of conflicting statements, ideas, prophecy, and so on in both the Old and New Testaments. The bottom line is that the Bible was written by human beings who may have had agendas (personal, social, religious, political), and/or who thought they knew the facts. Please realize that you and I know tons more about life, earth, the cosmos, medicine, technology, psychology, and so on that any of the people living in those days. They were asoundingly superstitious, did not know the causes of natural events, they only knew crude medicine (causes and cures of sicknesses), and so on.
Mark was A young boy at this time and the Last Supper was held at Mark's mothers home
Re: "synagogue" vs The Gathering is more essential than the place of the gathering, necessary and sufficient...
That thumbnail 😟
Yeah, 🤔 same
I laughed 😆
I like it, we all have bones ya know
@@ryandonavon7451 We do!!?!
Jk 🤣 Yeah, thanks 4 reminding me to lighten sometimes!!
😜😎@@Blessd-savingrace
Do you know when the results of the Simon DNA test are going to be out? I want to see what that looks like?
Dr, Tabor I think the death of Jesus was modelled into the Pesach tradition. Paul does not even once refer to Jesus crucifixion happening on Pesach or around that time. Paul portraits Jesus in Philippians as the lamb, referring to the Lamb of Yom Kippur as Pamela Eisenbaum has pointed out in her marvelous book: Paul was no Christian.
We have to consider the idea that the Gospels are a catechesis for the proselytes and the Jesus story has been modelled in this liturgical (1th century synagogue liturgy) catechesis. John calls Jesus the Lamb of God by his baptism. That also brings us in the festival of Jom Kippur.
Secondly how do you explain the procession into Jerusalem that actually shows the signs of the feast of Sukkot.
Is it possible that Jesus and his followers ate the passover on the correct day and the Judahites were celebrating on the wrong day? A day later?
Yes, if Jesus and John the baptist used the essene lunar calendar. It would also explain why he was constantly being criticized by the authorities for healing on the sabbath. The Jewsish solar year had a moveable passover feast but the essene calendar was more clever since the holy days fell on the same day of the week every year.
@@cathyallen3967 have you ever noticed all Jewish holydays are on a full 🌕 moon
@@anthonyolvera5916 Yes but because of the lunisolar calendar every four years they insert a 13th month so in those years Passover can fall as much as a month later whereas in the Essene lunar calendar Nisan 14 always fell on a Tuesday.
Wouldn’t a red carnation have been less burdensome than a jug of water?
He's absolutely correct. Jesus is the sacrificial lamb
🤗❤️
So tabor believes Jesus actually existed? And did what the Bible says he did minus the miracles? And being raised from the Dead?
Yes on the first two, not exactly on the last. He very specifically thinks the resurrection was not physical but spiritual. Mass delusion, basically.
Edit: Most ex-Christian Dead Sea Scrolls scholars (Eisenman, Tabor, Nichols, being the most obvious) tend to believe there was a historical Jesus that could be gleamed from those parts of the NT that match the contents and general ideas found in the DSS. That's why there is a long discussion about the Essene Quarter in this video. They think the historical Jesus was a preacher influenced by the same ideas that the Qumran Community espoused.
Jimmy Jesus's last night before the 33 hours He endured until the sacrifice of the lambs began,
Jesus's mission to Jerusalem, the Whore of Babylon, as Messiah was the same as Jonah's to Nineveh, to prevent an apocalypse, That's why Jonah ran away from his task: he was like Netanyahu about Gaza and hated Nineveh like Likud hates Palestinians. The difference, of course, was that Jesus of Nazareth, Messiah, loved Jerusalem and bet The Satan He could transform the Whore of Babylon to Mount Zion of Israel intellectually, rabbinically,,
Jesus was trying to warn Jerusalem the way Jimmy Carter and Abdullah II of Jordan were trying to warn Israel of the bad karma being compounded by Netanyahu's bad faith in regards to the Oslo Accord and the Likud as a terrorist organization that Israel needs to quell,
Both Jesus and Josephus were pro-Pax Roman for reasons that came to embedded in Pauline Theology, given N.T. Wright's interpretation of Pauline Theology, the interpretation of Pauline Theology by either the Jesus Seminar or Pro-Life Calvinism is what created David Koresh, He was a product of Bill Bright's business model for Jesus, Inc and Campus Crusade for Christ, Jesus freaks like Bart Ehrman, The Talking Cross represents the leap of faith Israel had to make from its theocratic limitations to the separation of chruch and state of the Roman Commonwealth generally understood in 33 CE, when the astrology says Jesus the Christ died and sent the events in the spiritual realm of Caiaphas's choice of terrorism over righteousness, set into motion, The Talking Cross became the Christian mechanism of the Roman Empire that crushed Eschatology as the critical path of the Bible narrative, going back to the Book of Job.
From the perspective of the process theology of Cornelius, the divine purpose of the 66 books of the Biblical narrative set into motion in 3760 BCI with the composition of the Book of Job by Elohim the verb, The purpose of the narrative was to provide a reliable epistemological bridge between the social technology of Egypt to the Metaphysics of Apollo 11, with Genesis 15:5 the essential trajectory of the record, The 39 book trajectory of the Palestine Bible from the Book of Job to Isiah is the experimentation in the optimal human swarm governance and God's choice is the separation of Chruch and State modeled by the Roman Empire with the subordinate administrative state of the Republic that emerged from the secular rule of law and the Italian Regiment of the Praetorian Guard, That's what the Talking Cross endorses in the role of the Centurion as the essential structure of True Warfare of Clausewitz.
Jesus tries to introduce the principles of Pauline Theology into Israel with His periplectic ministry He conducted to bring his Disciples up to speed as process theology gurus for the Kingdom of God coming to the Kingdom of Heaven, Only, He discovered that the Roman centurions were already operating as the Archetype of the servant leader Jesus models specifically with the foot washing ceremony in John, This is the mission0men0slef priorities of the commissioned officers of the US Infantry with a Ranger Tab.
Jesus lost his wager with The Satan when He raised Lazarus and created a karmic debt that required fulfillment. That's why Jesus wept: He was the fulfillment. And the rest is history,
Cornelius began to implement Pauline Theology with the production of the Gosple of Mark after his encounter with Peter, which would begin a relationship that lasted until both men died, Paul was legitimately channeling Jesus as his Scribe and Ethical voice. Pauline Theology is the Jesus Judaism Jesus of Nazareth, Messiah, was peddling to Israel in order to prevent the apocalypse generated by the Whore of Babylon and the progenitors of Likud,, the Zealots.
70 CE was a self-inflicted wound and the Talking Cross was the terrible swift sword of karma. Like October 7.
People are saying* Jesus was swatted with a naked boy in the G.o.G.
* (Mark 14: 51-52)
I respect this man so much for his intellect, contribution to biblical history and his sincerity. But between him and Bart Ehrman, I’m done! I’m too close to leaving this world to throw a decades long quest for faith and reason for their negative, Jesus was just a preacher discussions. There is more to life. There is peace in the gospels. Why would they b made up stories? Why? Perhaps the tomb was empty, maybe we have been told there is something beyond this world.
To each their own and I appreciate your point of view. Maybe there is, maybe there isn’t. Find your own peace. Best wishes to you.
_"There is peace in the gospels."_
But you are using them to literally worship propitiatory human sacrifice! LOL
The only faith that offers grace as reconciliation with a most High God.
@@abigailadams426
_"The only faith that offers grace as reconciliation with a most High God."_
Wait. Are you denying that the literal worship of propitiatory human sacrifice if the core tenet of Christianity? You know, that cross thing and John 3:16...
Paul created Christianity in 48 AD and this is how he put it:
"He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all."
(Romans 8:32)
"Christ our passover is sacrificed for us."
(1 Corinthians 5:7)
"God presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement."
(Romans 3:25)
"God showed his great love for us by sending Christ to die for us."
(Romans 5:8)
"We are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ."
(Hebrews 10:10)
@@abigailadams426
_"The only faith that offers grace as reconciliation."_
Are you denying that the core tenet of Christianity is the literal worship of human sacrifice?
Paul created Christianity in 48 AD and this is how he put it:
"He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all."
(Romans 8:32)
"Christ our passover is sacrificed for us."
(1 Corinthians 5:7)
"God presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement."
(Romans 3:25)
"God showed his great love for us by sending Christ to die for us."
(Romans 5:8)
"We are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ."
(Hebrews 10:10)
And why do you keep using “Jewish” Passover? Did the Jews exist at this time? Please throw some light on this. Shalam.
Er, yes. Jews did exist at this time. In fact, this was exactly the time when the international identity of "Jew" (Judaicus in Roman terms) came about.
All interpretations of the bible are nothing but speculation. "Seems this, seems that"....
I agree with you I think Jesus followed the essenes calendar. In Jesus may have sojourned in Egypt' when he was older? And then went to John the baptizer, becoming one of his disciples. Josephus talks about a particular gentleman who he respected very much and that he had spent many times as his disciples under his tutorship. It is possible that Jesus may have followed this also. Until John the baptizer had some type of vision in Revelation concerning Jesus being the long-awaited Messiah
well atleast James is realistic about the eucharist.
but he assumes a lot.
i don't think you can extract truth from the gospels like he does.
The passover was not sin offering. And most Christians don't realize that there was no blood sacrifice for the willful breaking of the 10 commandments.
Its ALWAYS been repentance with a contrite heart and the Fathers mercy that removes sin. Or as John reminded everyone, be baptized unto repentance for the FORGIVENESS of sins. As the prodigal son parable shows us. And Zacheus' whole house was forgiven. King David was automatically forgiven, the woman caught in adultery was forgiven. Elizabeth and Zacharias were blameless before God. No one can die to pay your sin debt. The gospels narrative was corrupted along the way.
just a question, under a blood covenant which I think Abram had with God, may an innocent party, say the son of God die for the broken covenant?
@jdaze1
The full equation for the forgiveness of sins is vows of repentance plus sacrificial offerings (blood). That goes for both Jews (Psalm 66:13-19) and gentiles (Jonah 1:16-17).
Blood is needed to atone for sin (Leviticus 17:11, Hebrews 9:22, 1 Samuel 3:12-14) and God was rejecting Israel’s sacrifices.
Jeremiah 6:20
Amos 5:21-22
Malachi 2:10-14
Isaiah 1:11-17
The New Covenant was prophesied to provide atonement for Israel’s sins.
(Ezekiel 16:59-63->Luke 22:20).
What if Jesus used his presumed Eschatological Authority to eat a Passover-ish meal very deliberately on a day that was not the correct day?
A huge repentance by heathen, was bloodless. We read the tokens of ashes and sackcloth were used as they turned from sin.
The gifts of the Magi began with Melchizedek beginning with the bread and wine of the communion of the saints, This is a team building model. Natural law. Newton isolated what we now understand as Chaos theory with the Kinetic evidence of Gravity.
The importance of bread and wine is of the essence The communion of saints Team Building as Spiritual Renewal. Jesus was peddling the idea of Republican Judaism The Hellenistic Judaism of the Gospel of John is a cunt hair away from the Christian Judaism of Pauline Theology, Paul is absolutely faithful to the Gospel of Peter and and, like Edgar Cayce, capture the essence of the ethic of Jesus. THis is why N/T/ Wright's interpretation of Pauline Theology is exactly correct representation of Christian Judais that anticipates Gal Gadot, Benny Gantz, the IDF and Tel Aviv. That's what Pauline Theology is all about,
And bread and wine is the universal spiritual conveyance. The Arc of the Covenant as an appetizer/
Oh james the skellybobs last supper now thats funny even jesus would find humor inthat.
24:08 44:35. Have a hug. Where Is The Love?
Black Eyed Peas
What's wrong with the world, mama?
People livin' like they ain't got no mamas
I think the whole world's addicted to the drama
Only attracted to things that'll bring you trauma
Overseas, yeah, we tryna stop terrorism
But we still got terrorists here livin'
In the USA, the big CIA
The Bloods and The Crips and the KKK
But if you only have love for your own race
Then you only leave space to discriminate
And to discriminate only generates hate
And when you hate, then you're bound to get irate, yeah
Madness is what you demonstrate
And that's exactly how anger works and operates
Man, you gotta have love just to set it straight
Take control of your mind and meditate
Let your soul gravitate to the love, y'all, y'all
People killin', people dyin'
Children hurt, hear them cryin'
Can you practice what you preach
Or would you turn the other cheek?
Father, Father, Father, help us
Send some guidance from above
'Cause people got me, got me questionin'
Where is the love (love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love, the love, the love?
It just ain't the same, old ways have changed
New days are strange, is the world insane?
If love and peace are so strong
Why are there pieces of love that don't belong?
Nations droppin' bombs
Chemical gasses fillin' lungs of little ones
With ongoin' sufferin' as the youth die young
So ask yourself, is the lovin' really gone?
So I could ask myself really what is goin' wrong
In this world that we livin' in people keep on givin' in
Makin' wrong decisions, only visions of them dividends
Not respectin' each other, deny thy brother
A war is goin' on but the reason's undercover
The truth is kept secret, it's swept under the rug
If you never know truth then you never know love
Where's the love, y'all, come on? (I don't know)
Where's the truth, y'all, come on? (I don't know)
Where's the love, y'all?
People killin', people dyin'
Children hurt, hear them cryin'
Can you practice what you preach
Or would you turn the other cheek?❤Father, Father, Father, help us
Send some guidance from above
'Cause people got me, got me questionin'
Where is the love (love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love? (The love)
Where is the love, the love, the love?
I feel the weight of the world on my shoulder
As I'm gettin' older, y'all, people gets colder
Most of us only care about money makin'
Selfishness got us followin' the wrong direction
Wrong information always shown by the media
Negative images is the main criteria
Infecting the young minds faster than bacteria
Kids wanna act like what they see in the cinema, yo'
Whatever happened to the values of humanity?
Whatever happened to the fairness and equality?
Instead of spreading love we're spreading animosity
Lack of understanding, leading us away from unity
That's the reason why sometimes I'm feelin' under
That's the reason why sometimes I'm feelin' down
There's no wonder why sometimes I'm feelin' under
Gotta keep my faith alive 'til love is found
Now ask yourself
Where is the love?
Where is the love?
Where is the love?
Where is the love?
Father, Father, Father, help us
Send some guidance from above
'Cause people got me, got me questionin'
Where is the love?
Sing with me y'all (one world, one world)
We only got (one world, one world)
That's all we got (one world, one world)
And something's wrong with it (yeah)
Something's wrong with it (yeah)
Something's wrong with the wo-wo-world, yeah
We only got (one world, one world)
That's all we got (one world, one world)