@@pauljoseph562 flyng carpet, it's child story/legend for sleep.. please separated legend and story from Qur'an and hadits. dont take seriously.. peace..
@@ibnumubarokeib Actually that is a rewriting of several admitted fables that the West re-wrote and compiled in the Middle ages of Orient Fetish tales called "Tales of 1000 Arabian nights". Wrong book set. Want peace. Poke sticks in your own eye first.... pretty much every societal proverb on blame and humility... and your little peace bit is really childish passive aggressive ploy. I bet you believe in the dollar (or any other usurious debt note... no illusion there I am sure (sarc) ;)
That blue and gold copy looks wonderful! I can only imagine how eye-catching that would've been to see in someone's book collection. Also that blue bible, which was a neat side note to learn about.
2:37 I'm proud to say that I just saw the Samarkand Manuscript today, with my own eyes. And if I hadn't seen this video before, I wouldn't have understood the real importance of that relic. Thanks for this video, and hello from Uzbekistan!
I don't know about others, but in Indonesia, all those memorized Qur'an spend 2 hours reciting 2 out of 30 juz(partition of the quran) everyday as to preserve their memorization. That's excluding recitation in main and supplicant prayer.
In Mecca and Madinah you could see hundreds of 6-10 years old memorize the Quran everyday and get tested on it inside the mosques. I’m from Kuwait but when I was at that age I used to go there every summer and memorize the Quran with them. I ended up memorizing almost all of it, 27 out of 30
Never expected the name of Alphonse Mingana to come up! For the Syriac/Chaldean traditions of Catholicism, he was responsible for translating some of the works of one of the Syriac Fathers--Mar Theodore of Mopsuestia--into English (his writings were often overlooked because of Justinian and Constantinople II...) Will have to read more about him!
Quran comes to us unchanged by memorization not necessarily a book copy. Allah preserves in the hearts of believers, that’s why there is only one copy of the Quran.
@Benjamin Iota 1) The Ahruf you refer to are the seven dialects of the tribes of Mecca and Medina, Rasoolallah SAW said that the Quran has been revealed in 7 tongues, so recite which is easiest ( see Bukhari 4992) 2) Hafs and Warsh are two types of Qiraat or recitation which stem from the 7 Ahruf, if you watch a quran recitation competition they tell you which qiraat they will be reading from- Hafs is the more commonly used one. 3) Uthman ibn Affan AS burned those copies circulating around Persia because they were written by non Arabs, thus they had mistakes and errors, so he gathered all the copies, burned the pages that had errors or would burn the entire thing and rewrite it from scratch.
@Benjamin Iota all these qurans you’re talking about, have MINIMAL differences that wouldn’t even change the context. Further, what 99% of Muslims around the world are using Quran, this is the one, leave the other as even Muslims to look at them.
@Benjamin Iota I do believe there have been tries to reword some of the Quran to change it, but again, they never succeeded and never will, cuz again million do memorize it, it is UNCHANGEABLE.
@@muntekald7419 These Minimal differences you are talking about are the for example German or Swedish translations thats why we have to recite the holy Quran in Arabic
@Benjamin Iota those are merely dialectical differences lol. They don't even alter or distort the contextuality of even a single verse in the Quran. As for Uthman, he burned some copies cause some of the scribes wrote their commentary so it could be easier for them to memorize since they had to learn the Quran in its entirety. Also he did it with their agreement. Not a single community in charge of organizing the Quran were against him on such matters
...You mean like the part when it says "fight those who don't belive in allah and mohammed until they say there are no other than allah" or maybe "all believing woman can give themselves to mohammed" ? Did you prefer the part when it says "having sex with married woman are not okay except those your right hand poses ((captured slaves), you can have sex with them (i.e r a p e) even if they are married if you capture them)". What did you think about the part "fight the Christians and the jews until the pay you the jizyah (extortion money) and feel themselves disgraced ? Can you maybe point out more specifically what was beautiful ?
@@alim-xf7wz Well, it clearly says mohammed is the perfect human example that all muslims should imitate as much as they can. So to be a good muslim is to trying to be like mohammed...
as a muslim child i used to memorize the Short Verses of the Quran far before i start to learn about arabic Scripts. And that's how Quran transmitted from generation to generation
If it is true that the koran was transmitted by oral means and then written down, printed, then how is it that we have 32 different arabic korans today?
@@e-college-sait ask any random muslim you could find in any part of the earth to recite a surah or a verse from The Qur'an.. all of them would recite the same recitation.. The Revelation, The Qur'an, is the recitation, not the book itself.. You watch too much phobes video in youtube.. there is only 1 Qur'an..
@@nu-nisamiracle2401 that is not the issue. There are multiple versions of the Koran in Arabic. All claiming to be the original. They are available in a whole range of Muslim bookstores. So there is no denial possible.
considering how difficult dye was to acquire and use in the pre-industrial world the blue quran was probably the most ornate and luxurious text that existed in that part of the world when it was made.
@@abdo-dr1tu Lapis Lazuli was and still is mined in Afghanistan as pretty much the only source. Afghanistan was no safer in 1CE than 2021CE… So restricted, hand carried supplies were a given.
As usual, you have presented a Fascinating Subject in a well done format. Thank You for this. I am always interested In learning more about how humanity 's various documents, books, religious texts, et cetera came to us.
The very first picture he's got up with the Arabic in different colours, that's TURKISH translations for the Arabic underneath it looool. I wonder if he thought it was just how to pronounce that Arabic writing in English. Lol that's definitely NOT how to pronounce it.
Not different meaning, but the Arabic language is unique and Expressions like an Ocean yet clear. So,it was different recitations.. 7 or 11 different ways.. It didn't altered meaning.
Lovely compilation.I believe you missed one important old Quran, the one of Cairo in El Mashhad El Husseini library which dates to probably end of second century -770 to 790. Very good work. I follow u ardently.
I love this presentation, it is so well presented and at a pace that is easy to digest. I cannot read Arabic but I do feel there is something quite holy about the script, especially when appearing the Qur'an. Thank you.
@@mohammedwhylie9224 to me it is not. However, if you could support by balancing it with similar to counter the other two Abrahamic/Ibrahimic religions, then I might. If not, I sense an agenda that makes me uncomfortable.
@@treubuchet the qurans (37+ different ones) being books filled with stupidity like a flat earth, sky that can fall on earth, a sunsetting in a waterpool, and so on, should matter>?
Thank you Syawish Rehman for this most interesting history of the Quran. Besides the historical importance many of these volumes are works of art. btw your French pronunciation was just fine...the German would have made the Kaiser's armies tremble 😄 All the best from Mexico JP
I am so proud of my self, as an Asian Muslim from Turkistan i easily read the 2nd and the 1st manuscripts which were the oldest. The remaining 6 i had diffifculty and tried so hard but couldnt! Its so amazing that i was able to read the scripts that were closer to the Prophets time than being able to read newer scripts found 😇😂 Miracle or what!
@@isatubarrie9145 So, i memorized the whole Quran in Arabic, that made it easier for me to read. But im still upset i couldnt read the remaining 6 scripts though 🤷🥲
@對不起，謝謝。 With all due respect, are you referring to the Virgin Mary mother of Jesus? Because i do believe she existed as a holy and noble woman. I love her and respect her so much for her devotion to GOD ALMIGHTY. So, i'm kind of confused about what you're talking about Mary.
@@isatubarrie9145 This brother is non Arab and he can read it. I can read them all no problem, we still write like this today in book titles, certificates, wedding invitations and other special productions
We have the concept Hafiz in Islam. Abu Bakr RA, Omer RA, Uthman RA and Ali RA, the four rightly guided calipha knew and memorised Quran by heart. Abu Bakr RA and Omer RA were Prophet Muhammad father in laws and Ali RA and Uthman RA were cousins of Prophet Muhammads. Prophet Muhammad saw wife Ayesha RA who whole memorised the Quran by heart lived up to Ali RA reign as Calipha, so witnessed the compilation of Quran into a book. Abdullah bin Masood RA was the actual person doing and managing compilation into a book of Quran while Uthman RA watched over it. Abdullah ibn Masood was a famous student of Prophet Muhammad saw, who learnt Quran directly from Prophet (saw).
Ali RA was cousin and son in law of the Prophet SAW and Usman RA was also son in law. Ali RA died in 40 hijri and Aisha RA died in 57 hijri. Ibn Masood RA was not in the comity who compiled Quran, it was Zaid bin Sabit RA accompanied by Umar RA in Abu Bakr RA time and Zaid bin Sabit RA accompanied by Saeed bin Al Aas RA and Abdullah bin Zubair RA etc in Usman RA time.
@Edison Manafi I don't get where you get the idea that Uthman burned the Qur'an because they were horrible? What happened was during Uthman,s reign there begin to appear many companion copies. These copies included exegetical notes, different chapter divisions, etc. So what Uthman did is standardized the text, then sent these texts to the major cities of that time like Makkah and others and instead of going and checking all other copies whether which one is correct and which one is wrong they should use the copy that almost every companion agreed was correct.
If they all memorized the book by heart, why it took them 20 years to combine one, they could have crossed checked with each other and finalised a book in Ramadan. Why did Osman burn all the original texts!
@@sajid279 I bet you never read it yourself and telling me I don't understand it. In the Quran, there’s is no direct naming of the five prayers. It does not say pray Fajr, Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha salah. Nowhere in the Quran does it say this explicitly. People's diffing interpretations are clarifid by Hadith
*Where is the oldest Hindu books claimed to be oldest* ? Oldest Vedas composed and written by Ved Vyasa about 50,000 years back 4 Vedas today consist of 12,000 pages written by tiny computer fonts Ved Vyasa never saw never met God but fabricated it with meditation and dream work *Think of 12.000 pages of dream work???* *Mahabharata written by a Sanskrit writing An elephant Ganesh with its Tooth as Pen and trunk as Hand* Who never saw and never met Krishan the hero of the book. Mahabharata /Gita is about 6000 pages in tiny Computer fonts some 40,000 years back. Ramayana written by Dakoo/Dacoit Walt Mickey / Valmiki like saint Paul, who never met and never saw Ram the main character of book. *All those Hindu book were written in Cave mans age or Primitive age, when still gods was cloth less or leaves wrapped like Shiva Vishnu Brahma Ram and Krishna.*
Great video! love the quality of your work and research. As for 11:15 , why assume it would be different if it was written before Uthman's standardized quran? if it was written while prophet Muhammad was alive then the logical thing is that it would match Uthman's version, because he was a contemporary of the prophet, he lived besides him for years and he likely memorized the Quran directly from him, as did a lot of his companions. It's Uthman's Quran that should match the Birmingham manuscript and not the other way around
I read an article regarding the Sana'a manuscript a couple of weeks ago. I was quite sure that the article said that it was the oldest Quran manuscript.
@@whysoreligious2657 Sana'a manuscripts are more likely a student's note rather than codified Mushaf. We used to do that a lot in Egypt where we learn Quran by writing the text of the Quran on paper from memory, checking on it and erase it and rewrite on it once more.
Always remember that the Quran is an oral book that is primarily transmitted between generations from mouth to ear and memorized in the heart, manuscripts are just an additional layer of protection for saving the holy book.
Aces the pronunciation of Bibliothèque Nationale de France and excuses himself for it - absolutely butchers Tübingen and just continues as if nothing happened. 😂
I know a bit about this, since I studied Arabic at school and Arabic calligraphy afterwards, and I'd love to see that video made. They're better thought of as different fonts rather than different scripts. There are only minor differences that depend on origin, time period, use, whatever it was written on, and preference for either aesthetic or legibility.
I deeply appreciate the insight into the oldest Quran manuscripts. It's incredible to see how these ancient texts have been preserved through the centuries, offering us a glimpse into the early days of Islam. The dedication to maintaining the Quran's heritage is truly inspiring. Lots of love from Bangladesh ❤️🇧🇩
First off - no apology needed for pronunciation errors in other languages. Your accent alone is so rich and pleasant to listen to. Second - the early Muslims had a solid point when they claimed the original Arabic was sacred. The bulk of discrepancies that cause conflict in religions come from interpretation of a language and/or culture that is foreign to the present day reader. A good example I picked up the other day; Joseph’s coat was always referred to as having many colors. There’s even a rose named the Joseph’s Coat rose based on this translation. Well, the original wording in its original context was more likely referring to a long coat with sleeves, such as an individual would wear for special occasions, or if they were wealthy and didn’t have to work for a living. While this one’s simple and doesn’t hold a record for any dramatic schisms, it’s an example of where many of the controversies we have today likely originated. A lot of words just to say thank you for the fabulous work on this video. Matt only brings in the best! I
ever noticed that the 'orignal' korans were written in a North Arabic dialect and not in the Mecca or Medina dialect Quaraish (I don't know the right spelling) as Uthman demanded?
@@e-college-sait I do not think you understand what you are saying. What do you mean written in dialect and then ordered to be written in another dialect?
As a Jewish girl who has read the Tanach more times than I can count, the debate on Yosef's "coat" is more complex than that. First of all, it was a kutonet, a tunic, rather than a coat. Second, it's described as a kutonet pasim, which would generally be translated as a striped tunic. There's debate about what these stripes were- whether they were woven or embroidered, and there are some who claim that it meant that it had long sleeves. However, pasim does mean stripes, so there's a high chance that it just means a striped tunic.
As a muslim Arab, I was expecting to be able to read most of these manuscripts. Shockingly, I couldn’t even read a single word except for the oldest manuscript. This just shows how difficult it was for non-Arabs to learn Arabic back then.
It's the style of writing. If you try to read Medieval English you'll have a hard time as well. I have some Latin manuscripts and the older the are the harder they are to read!
Kids in my country memorize it from end to end for fun .. so imagine how well people from that era memorized it and how much of them spread across the world .. Coran is not only a book it's words "انا نحن نزلنا الذكر وانا له لحافظون "
It is amazing that we have Quran pieces from the time of the Prophet and a nearly complete Quran from the time of Sahaba (companions of the Prophet). It proves that the modern Quran that we are reading has not changed over time. Thanks for the info.
Thanks Useful Charts for the video. I think you should’ve at least mention the complete Quran at Husain mosque in Cairo and most important of all is King Fuad’s Quran which is the base and reference of Qurans that we handle today. Lastly all Quran scholars agree beyond any doubt that the Birmingham manuscript is ranked as three since as you stated its part of Parisino-Petropolitanus codex and the real number one is Sana’a Palimpsest.
Ever asked the question why did king Faud needed to controle the koranic publication? Why the Cairo koran came into being? ever read the story behind it? If you have a palimpsest then you have two version of the unchangeable - ever the same - by allah protected koran. So which one is the right one. By the way there are now more thatn 30 different arabic korans worldwide. so again which is the right one?
If you truly concern you can tired your self and listen to the reader of Quran at any spot of the earth and compare in between to know the difference and this is unlimited chance for you to find more and more not even 30 as you claimed . We have a millions of Quran hafiz around the world and those are our moving scriptures from generation to other from the prophet Mohammed till the end of the earth.
I have a theory about the Birmingham Copy of Quran, I think it is wrote in prophet Muhammad's life, even before going to Madina, as the carbon test said.. Yeah, yeah.. You may ask: "what about Uthman's Unification of Quran versions, when he destroyed all of the copies? And why it is as Uthman's version" I'll tell you, what I think. In Book of Bukhari sunnah, it's said that Uthman's kept Abu Bakr's copy, to be the main copy, to copy from it the other copies, and destroyed the other old copies. It said that Zayd bin Thabit and Omar bin Alkhattab didn't wrote all of the Quran over again, but gathered the old copies of each chapther, and compare it to the last version of Quran; then, re-order it. Ater that, they filled the gaps in the pages (by re-writing) that was made because of ordering the Quran. So, Most of the Quran in that copy was written in prophet Muhammad's life, and kept by Caliph Abu Bakr, Omar, and so, Caliph Uthman. And, since chapter of "Isra'" to "Taha" all of them are chapters that given to Muhammad in Makkah before Hijrah, which are that Birmingham copy about. Then, it'll be logical to think that it was already written, prepared and in a good order, before going to Madina.
That’s a nice theory. But it’s wrong. In the time of the prophet (peace be upon him), the Quran was not written on paper and assembled as a book. This procedure was only after the prophet’s life (peace be upon him) done. The manuscript though can be dated back to time of his blessed companions. Anyway, the Quran was primarily passed down through tongue and memorization. And we can date the Quran back to the prophet (peace be upon him) through a large amount of rich chains of narration. That’s the reason why we know how every word in the Quran is pronounced and how they’re vocalized.
The mind-boggling point is, even if all the written Qurans vanished from the world today, the Muslims via Quran Hafiz who are in the millions throughout the world on all continents can recreate Allah's words in the written form. Takbir ☝️
@@ayoub.boughaba i don't know about others, but in Indonesia, all those memorized Qur'an spend 2 hours reciting 2 out of 30 juz(partition of the quran) everyday as to preserve their memorization. That's excluding recitation in main and supplicant prayer.
Hafiz-e-Quran are only in current versions being read today? Also note that none of the manuscripts shown in the video are factually the Qurans being read today.
everyone is talking about how informational this is but why is no one talking about how accurate the pronunciation is ( of course i also appreciate the information)
No we christians dont care about it because we know the bible is way older than the quran and the quran doesnt align with bible, the quran denies that isaac was the one chosen to be sacrificed, the quran says it was ishmael when in reality was isaac the bible was first, jesus was the fullfilment of all the holy scriptures
Just accept my personal thanks for finishing the job the Romans started, destroying the Great Library at Alexandria. Damn Pagans. Burn it to the glory of God1!
@@betrayal6231 i know more than enough about the quran, the most danger scriptures of the quran is the one that denies that isaac was the real chosen one to be sacrificed by abraham ordered by god, the second one is that tell the muslim to kill jews so they can have 70 virgin on heaven and it goes on and on and on, i know a lot about the quran
The verse in that picture of the blue Quran 1:45 is verse 28 of chapter 30 (Al-Rūm). تبدأ من نهاية كلمة رزقناكم بالآية 28 الى بداية كلمة وكانوا بالآية 32
Good explanation. But you mentioned inaccurate information Caliph Othman did not make a new version during his reign Rather, he relied on the copy written by Zaid bin Thabet during the reign of the first Caliph Abu Bakr, and the copy was preserved with Hafsa, the wife of the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. there is another thing, Muslims do not pay much attention to manuscripts because the method of preserving the Qur’an was through memorization and repetition of the entire Qur’an Most of the Muslims memorized the Qur’an at the age of seven years, and the memorizer obtained a certificate from the Sheikh for that Qur’an was preserved by the large number of memorizers over the ages.
You should do one abt other holy books, or just religious texts, too, as the Vedas, the Dao de jing, the Lun yu. Also smth cool would be to explore when certain religion's doctrines were written down at the first time, thinking mostly abt afro American religions like voudou, candomblé, santería, but also shinto and dao luong
@@BillGreenAZ sahifat hammam ibn Munabbih and some others are the earliest, you can check a video about this on a channel calles (One Message Foundation) you will see all the earliest ones
the earlies version of the koran and hadith are from the 8 century by Utman, the older versions are pre-koranic texts ,for other sources. The hadith have a bad reputation since over 100.000 were ongoing when the caliphs were fed up with them and diminushed them to around 6.000, later to be corrected (?) to more. All off them are at least 100 year after mohamed lived.
already compiled and finished by the time of caliph Abu Bakar around 633, actually. Caliph Usman made copies from The one compiled by caliph Abu Bakar and stardardized the recitation.
He didn’t standardized the words of Allah SWT. Rather he standardized the way of recitation of The Holy Quran. Arabic is a luxuriant and versatile language. One word Which is Feminine in a Group, may be used as neuter / masculine in another group previously at the time of Prophet PBUH. And, For your kind consideration, At the time of Uthman (R.) there was about 7 reciting styles in Arabic. So he assembled it into a single style and copy. Even there was no punctuation marks then. Later, Hazzaz Bin Yousuf (died 714 AD) added punctuation to the Quran. So, please don’t beat about the bush without knowing abou the preservation of Quran. If Uthman (R.) hadn’t done that, you, you people would make multifarious meanings of Quran (as we are not native arabic speakers) and have nullified Quran as the book of god.
@@uniformityofnature1488 Yes there is. There are many letters in the Quran you don’t speak out “silent letters” there are many rules while reading the Quran correctly. Also there are slightly different recitations coupled with slightly different texts. Standardization of the Quran means correcting even the slightest mistakes, dividing the chapters correctly, and filling in the gaps if there were any.
Note: the "versions" of the quran is the seven spellings of it, we muslims believe in all of them and the prophet peace be upon him told us about them, and that they all descended upon him, but the othmani one(or the qurashi) is the most famous, but if you go to countries like morocco you would see the other version, so they are not like different bibles of even errors or something like that
@@vinamrasinghai2339 lol a hindi.. the most prideful and arrogant among peoples in the entire galaxy who think they are the smartest people even tho they didn't even contributed anything to humanity's civilization except for the concept of number zero.. Pfft..
غير المسلمين قد لا يعلمون ان جميع النسخ المحفوظة لا تتعرض مع بعضها البعض وهي نفسها المقاطع الموجودة في يومنا هذا بلا تغيير. ذلك لأن الله حفظه وجعله اخر كتاب
إِنَّا نَحۡنُ نَزَّلۡنَا ٱلذِّكۡرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُۥ لَحَٰفِظُونَ (Sahih International) Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will be its guardian. -Surah Al-Hijr, Ayah 9
It should be noted that Uthman (rn) "destoryed" those Qur'an scripts which were written in various dialects so that tribes other than the Qur'aysh could understand the revelation. After the message was finally conveyed, Uthman had to make sure that only the Quraysh version of the Qur'an should be in circulation.
you'll need to research first old Quraysh's arabic, cause their dialect are even not match with today or during rome's time, the trouble of linguistic are some of them are vanished from popularity.
@@margaritakryuchkov9894 Syawish is from the Islamic history channel Al Muqaddamah, he only talks about Islam, he was invited by this channel to talk about this
*Where is the oldest Hindu books claimed to be oldest* ? Oldest Vedas composed and written by Ved Vyasa about 50,000 years back 4 Vedas today consist of 12,000 pages written by tiny computer fonts Ved Vyasa never saw never met God but fabricated it with meditation and dream work *Think of 12.000 pages of dream work???* *Mahabharata written by a Sanskrit writing An elephant Ganesh with its Tooth as Pen and trunk as Hand* Who never saw and never met Krishan the hero of the book. Mahabharata /Gita is about 6000 pages in tiny Computer fonts some 40,000 years back. Ramayana written by Dakoo/Dacoit Walt Mickey / Valmiki like saint Paul, who never met and never saw Ram the main character of book. *All those Hindu book were written in Cave mans age or Primitive age, when still gods was cloth less or leaves wrapped like Shiva Vishnu Brahma Ram and Krishna.*
@@adnanadillwhy are you talking about hinduism in an islamic comment section, nobody’s converting to hinduism by you answering random questions about it
Awesome , very enlightening - where is oldest manuscript which is complete and standardised one ( Uthman ) . What we get today for Urdu speaking world , which script is it ?
If the Quran is true, then Islam is false. by CARM If the Quran is true, then Islam is false. Why? Because the Quran says to trust the Gospels and the four Gospels contradict the Quran. This means the Quran can't be true if it says the gospel message is also true. In order to show this, I will quote several verses from the Quran. The more important ones are bolded for easy reference later. None can change Allah's words 6:34, "Rejected were the messengers before thee: with patience and constancy they bore their rejection and their wrongs, until Our aid did reach them: there is none that can alter the words (and decrees) of Allah. Already hast thou received some account of those messengers." 6:115, "The word of thy Lord doth find its fulfilment in truth and in justice: None can change His words: for He is the one who heareth and knoweth all." 18:27, "And recite (and teach) what has been revealed to thee of the Book of thy Lord: none can change His Words, and none wilt thou find as a refuge other than Him." Moses was given the Torah 2:87, "We gave Moses the Book and followed him up with a succession of messengers; We gave Jesus the son of Mary Clear (Signs) and strengthened him with the holy spirit. Is it that whenever there comes to you a messenger with what ye yourselves desire not, ye are puffed up with pride?- Some ye called impostors, and others ye slay! 3:3, "It is He Who sent down to thee (step by step), in truth, the Book, confirming what went before it; and He sent down the Law (of Moses) and the Gospel (of Jesus) before this, as a guide to mankind, and He sent down the criterion (of judgment between right and wrong)." David was given the Psalms 4:163, "We have sent thee inspiration, as We sent it to Noah and the Messengers after him: we sent inspiration to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes, to Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the Psalms." Jesus was given the gospel 57:27, "Then, in their wake, We followed them up with (others of) Our messengers: We sent after them Jesus the son of Mary, and bestowed on him the Gospel; and We ordained in the hearts of those who followed him Compassion and Mercy. But the Monasticism which they invented for themselves, We did not prescribe for them: (We commanded) only the seeking for the Good Pleasure of Allah; but that they did not foster as they should have done. Yet We bestowed, on those among them who believed, their (due) reward, but many of them are rebellious transgressors. Christians should judge by what is in the Gospel 5:47, "Let the people of the Gospel judge by what Allah hath revealed therein. If any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) those who rebel." The Quran confirms the Torah, the Psalms, and the Gospels and guards them Quran 2:136 Say, [O believers], "We have believed in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what has been revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants and what was given to Moses and Jesus and what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him." 5:48 To thee [the people of the gospel] We sent the Scripture in truth, confirming the scripture that came before it, and guarding it in safety: so judge between them by what Allah hath revealed, and follow not their vain desires, diverging from the Truth that hath come to thee. To each among you have we prescribed a law and an open way. If Allah had so willed, He would have made you a single people, but (His plan is) to test you in what He hath given you: so strive as in a race in all virtues. The goal of you all is to Allah; it is He that will show you the truth of the matters in which ye dispute; Ask Christians about spiritual things. 10:94 And if thou (Muhammad) art in doubt concerning that which We reveal unto thee, then question those who read the Scripture (that was) before thee. Verily the Truth from thy Lord hath come unto thee. So be not thou of the waverers. Curse on those who say God has a son 9:30, "The Jews call 'Uzair a son of Allah, and the Christians call Christ the son of Allah. That is a saying from their mouth; (in this) they but imitate what the unbelievers of old used to say. Allah's curse be on them: how they are deluded away from the Truth! Jesus not crucified 4:157, "That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not." Alright, so we see that... None can change Allah's words (6:34; 6:115; 18:27). Jesus was given the gospel by Allah (57:27). The Quran confirms the Gospels (5:48) The Gospels contradict the Quran So, if the Quran confirms the Gospels which says that Jesus was crucified (Matthew 27:26-31; Mark 15:15-20; Luke 23:32-34; John 19:17-18) and the Quran says Jesus was not crucified (Surah 4:157), then the Quran is false. But if it says the Gospels are false, then the Quran denies its own teaching and Islam is false.
Hello @usefulCharts. Im a literature and theology student and I am also religious. One thing that’s bothered me is how you missed one HUGE point to mention and its making the whole video kinda unthought about. So whether hystorically its believed or not but Quran was compiled in its entirety within 2 years of Muhammad’s dead! Yes Uthaman did standardized the arabic writing later but compilation was already done! I suggest you update this ASAP! Rest of the video is ok from study POV!
Uthman didn't change anything nor there were spelling errors what Uthman did was compile the whole Quran together as it was revealed to the Prophet partially over his lifetime and the companions had different single verses written with them Uthman made the whole Quran available to all
????? Uthaman picked what he wanted , he burnt what he did not like. How is that not changing the original???? How did he know what to burn or keep if he was not a prophet
Quran: 15:9 We have sent down the Quran Ourself, and We Ourself will guard it. Even before you [Prophet], إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا ٱلذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُۥ لَحَٰفِظُونَ
@@uniformityofnature1488 hadiths are quraan are two different things There are weak hadiths and there are strong hadiths and false hadiths The hadith has its own field
@@yosefnassar5192 how does one differentiate weak from a strong? Do you believe god made it look as though Jesus was crucified and exchanged him with someone else? If so what evidence do you have?
Correction, *it was completed at the time of the First Caliph,* Abu Bakr. It was preserved by him firstly, then his successor Umar, then the latter’s daughter Hafsa. At the time of Uthman, it was "standardised" into one mode out of the 7 Arabic modes (not the same as the standardisation or *canonisation* of the Bible). The other 6 were burnt. *All were inspired,* but the Arabic Quraysh mode was the first, it was also the mode of Muhammad's tribe.
"Standardised into one language out of the seven Arabic languages" Qur'aan was brought down to Nabiyyu-LLaahi in one Arabic language of the Nabiyy! The problem is human one, as always! The Qur'aanic Arabic was being spoken at the time of being brought down, but in my opinion, it was at edge of death! So, all the Arabic languages or dialects stem from the Qur'aanic Arabic and not the other way round!
@@samantarmaxammadsaciid5156 you are right. The Quraysh Arabic language is the original Arabic that was spoken by Ishmael (a.s.). It was a very precise Arabic compared to the other 6 Arabics. You are correct, but you're looking from a close-up angle. Take a step back. Look at it from the bird's-eye view. I literally said it's not like the canonisation of the Bible.
@@ChangedNames no, it's a literal language back then. The Quraysh language, the Hudhayl language, etc. It goes to individual tribes. Dialects goes to individual countries/cities, like Basra, Kufa, Mecca, Medina. Each language has its different dialects. There is *a difference between لهجات (dialects) and أحرف (language systems).* Grammar can totally change because of the difference of Arabic languages, but not dialects. And some of those other languages can be found in the Quran, though mainly being the Quraysh language. For example, Malaysian and Indonesian are counted as *two totally different languages,* even though they are technically the same. But within Malaysia, the people of Kedah might have *a different dialect* than the people of Kelantan, the people of Perak etc. So yeah, you are right. Languages and dialects are different things. *And I'm not referring to dialects,* I am referring to languages.
There are no notable differences between them. The Qur'an is like Homer's works in that it has audible rhythm and is meant to be memorized, so textual drift over time is more difficult.
@@FireEverLiving This is simply factually false. There are several differences. Denial just so that a muslim can feel comfortable is not a valid reason. Even within islamic tradition of the Hadith are alterations known like the famous goat/sheep story eating 1 verse.
This piece is just an indication that the Quran dates back to the era of prophecy. The preservation is something else. If we had a whole copy it wouldn’t have been that impressive. I mean we could’ve gone back to it from time to time. The Quran was preserved in a more impressive way. The style of narration has been carried on mostly by reciting from one another over hundreds of centuries or oral tradition. that’s why we still have one version of the Quran over these centuries when Muslims were spread all over the map. it’s near impossible to preserve a whole book in such circumstances by just oral tradition. and the same content can also be found in all kinds of Islamic sharia law books especially the books of interpretation with no contradictions between them. and there are manuscripts of those books that date back to hundreds of years ago which is a refutation for those who want to use the stupid 1924 argument. which also goes against them, because how can you bring muslims together to follow one book and they couldn’t do it with their bible? and those who want to use Qira’ats as an argument, we have 10 authentic Qira’ats and 4 non authentic Qira’ats and we all agree on what’s authentic and what’s not and all of this has been preserved just by recitation generation after generation and the prophet used them all. This is how it’s actually being preserved. Not to mention that Muslims have gone through so many different hardships throughout the history. The mongols destroyed the library of Baghdad which was the capital of the caliphate. the Muslims were defeated in Spain and the Christians destroyed almost everything. In the 19th century the majority of Muslim countries were colonized by non-Muslim countries. Muslims were divided in so many time and yet the book is still the same, The content is still the same. Not like the Christians and the Jews who lost the preservation of their books after the Babylonians and the Roman Catholics took over Jerusalem one after another. at the end of the day language itself is a miracle, i mean we speak arabic as a native language but none of us could come up with something eloquent like the Quran, not even close to that.
@@Mgbizkut they really do, now we have an army of millions of muslims memorize the entire book and ready to die for what it says. live with it! by the way you need to focus on your crappy issues don’t mind us, focus on your genders, your pronouns, child trafficking and and.. i mean you got a lot to focus on. the holy Quran i beyond you. glory to Allah glory to Islam , ☝️.
Not mentioned by the uploader but quite relevant: these manuscripts can only be dated using the parchment it was written on and are as a consequence very inaccurate for dating the text. Ink can not be carbon dated and any of these dates are only dating the parchment not the text. It was not uncommon to recycle the parchment. Dating using the script style is even more dubious.
Only the voice can be called Quran which we produce when we speak or hear when we listen. The written form is called Mus haf. (scripture). Saving and keeping the Quran is a so accurate process that doesn't leave a place for (alternate version). The writing system cannot keep up with the transfer of voice from a teacher to student.
@Benjamin Iota They still aren't a replacement, the main way for passing down the Quran is still through oral memorization and recitation. There's millions of people today who have memorized the Quran cover to cover. Even if all paper copies were to disappear, it can be rewritten in a day by the memorizers.
@@e-college-sait As a Tajweed student, I know one version of the Quran. This 30 version is an Islamophopic lie. So if want to learn the truth about it, then I will gladly help. But if you're just here to spread Islamophopic nonsense, then I advise you to quit it. You will end just like the other bots.
@@e-college-sait We have 7 way of reading the Quran and even the our children can read them because we learn by hearing from the beginning Don't worry about us
Just imagine if the oldest copies of the Bible was in Saudi Arabia museum or Pakistani museum?? yeah exactly, so UK and France must return the copies to Saudi Arabia or Egypt.
Problem is that no one seems to have an original Uthmanic Qur'an so cannot compare it. Also there are no vowels in the manuscripts as that was developed later in Arabic writing. Wonder how different these Qur'ans are to the Hafs or Warsh Qur'an that is used by most Muslims today?
If you buy newspapers in the Arab world they dont have dots in the papers.The arabs dont need them to read .the dots were added so people outside the Arab world can read the pronounciation
@@jkmcgregor7797 Interesting so if you have the consonants B & D then you know what vowel goes in the middle? Guess the wrong one and that could change the meaning of the word, the whole sentence and the context of the whole phrase or leave the entire thing into an indecipherable mishmash of nonsense. The proto-Qur'an was written in Aramaic-Syriac which was the dominant language up unto the 8th century AD. They were writen in short hand as Christian Psalms that were later translated into Arabic and the Qur'an(s). Which is why there are so many ambigious (dark) passages in them. If you compare the Hafs Qur'an with the Warsh Qur'an you get about 5,000 different variances that do affect the meaning of the passages. I suggest that you look at the work done by Dr. Jay Smith and Hatun Tash in this field.
@@romandacil3984 the vowels aint like the English vowels .why don't you ask an Arab how they read a newspaper with no diacritics .the quran is written in arabic
According to the Hebrew Masoretic text of genesis 17:1 onkelos or Targum Jonathan says that Prophet Abraham was a ( shelim ) שְׁלִים means a Muslim וַהֲוָה אַבְרָם בַּר תִּשְׁעִין וּתְשַׁע שְׁנִין וְאִתְגְלֵי יְיָ לְאַבְרָם וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ אֲנָא אֵל שַׁדַי פְּלַח קֳדָמַי וֶהֱוֵי שְׁלִים בְּבִשְרָךְ And Abram was the son of ninety and nine years, and the Lord appeared to Abram, and said to him, I am El Shadai; serve before Me and be perfect (shelim) in thy flesh. שְׁלִים Check out the Hebrew English chaldan lexicon book You will find the Hebrew word שְׁלִים means a Muslim / Islam / devote to God Lookout for these words in safaria .org / perfect / complete / blameless Page 1064 The other similar books like that it says Muslim too On archive .org Or Google Hebrew strong 7999 In Targum Jonathan or onkelos and Aramaic Targum in safaria . Org There is many verses have the word shelim / שְׁלִים / Muslim in around 25 verses In the holy twelve gospel the word perfect law / Islamic law is used too by Jesus see your good works, and glorify your Parent who is in heaven. 8. Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfill. For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no way pass from the law or the prophets till all be fulfilled. But behold One greater than Moses is here. and he will give you the higher law, even the perfect Law, and this Law shall ye obey. 18. Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Parent Who is in heaven is perfect. My TikTok username is lordofpeace25e I do Dawah to none Muslims
This is not just a manuscript, it is the confirmation of previous revelations, it is written and preserved in Hafiz’s memory since the time of the prophet. Alhamdulillah
The amazing thing that all Qur'an manuscripts have no letter different than current copies While bible manuscripts you see the same book but with different topics or different story telling style
The Islamic prophet had a number of prominent scribes (kātib), including Abd Allah ibn Masud, Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, Ubayy ibn Ka'b and Zayd ibn Thabit According to Islamic sources before Caliph Uthman's standardization, after which variants were burned, the Quran may have contained either 116 chapters (Ubayy Ibn Ka'ab's codex) or 111 chapters (Ibn Ma'sud's codex).
What you say is factually wrong. You are half heartedly referring to the 7 mutawatir Qiraat of the Quran. The 7 Qiraat of the Quran were all taught by the prophet and are accurate as the Quran was revealed in all of them. The most wide spread Qiraah is the Asim Qiraah which people mistakenly call "Uthamic" which is just simply false. This is the "standard" because it is the most spread. "Ibn Masuds Codex" is merely the Qiraah that was taugh by Ibn masud AMONG OTHERS and people have this misconception that uthman eradictad them because they would somehow constitute a Tahreef (distortion) of the Quran. This is false. They are still used today. I know someone who has memorized the "Ibn Masud Codex" by heart completely. They arent some secrets muslims try to hide or something. It is merely a legitimate Qiraat which dates back the prophet sav himself. The different Qiraat are literally the same, only very few synonmous words are different (Ya'lemun -> Yafqahun for example, both having the same Zahir meaning) and Harakat difference which do not constitute a distortion ('Alima -> 'Alama). This boils down to the 7 dialects of the Arabian peninsula having these differences in Harakat which do not change the thing and again the prophet sav is the source of these (and through him the ultimate source is God himself) You call yourself Haqq. You are merely Kizb and a Kezzab. May Allah darken your face or enlighten it with the light of islam
Listening and watching to this video may we safely conclude that there are different versions of the Qur'an? Kaliph Uhtman standardized the Qur'an, but he destroyed other versions. How can we be so sure he had the wisdom to preserve the right version and why did he destroy other versions? Now we cannot check his judgement. Maybe he destroyed the right version and preserved the false one?
The reason "why", the method "how", and the names of the team who did it "who", and the differences were all documented by Muslims in their books. The different versions of Quran " called Qira'at" are also kept by heart and still being used by Muslims until now. The internal evidences of the integrity Quran and the standard criterion which was set by Allah in the Quran on how to know whether it came from Allah is also there, studied in details by both Muslim Scholars and anti-Islam orientalists. It only takes you few hours of reading in Islamic sources to know the answer to your question
uthman didnt do it all by himself, he himself was one of the closest companions of the prophet pbuh, and he discussed it very thoroughly with other senior companions. the master copy which the scribes copied from was of the wife of the prophet pbuh. The scribes themselves were also companions, some of whom being the original scribes whilst the prophet pbuh was alive. Also, the quran, even today, is widely preserved through the oral tradition, with millions having memorised it, and could recite the quran in its entirety without looking at the text, this was also the case throughout the entirety of the religion, especially how the prophet pbuh himself was illiterate
Manuscript are secondary to us. First and most importantly is memorization of the Quran in our minds and hearts because God has made it easy to learn. Memorization from the prophet to the companions to their children and so on…………. Alhamdulilah
The explanations about the differences between old Qurans around 9:00 are portraying the differences as small and insignificant, but the existence of these differencese still 100% disproves the Muslim narrative and Muhammad's claim as a whole. The words were not holy nor were they from God, they were not free from errors and they were indeed corrupted and miswritten Great video
Except that Petra is the mecca depicted in the koran, not the current mecca location. The koran was a Unitarian Christian lectionary used to run services in churches for arabs converted to Christianity from paganism. It was later converted to early written Arabic by adding diacritical marks. That's why the "dark passages" are gibberish until converted back to Aramaic by removing and adding Aramaic dots & squiggles. See "the syro-aramaic reading of the koran" by Christof Luxenberg and "A challenge to islam for reformation" by Gunter Luling.
@@jimstretch6109 Except the unitarian christian lectionary doesn't mention that the earth is 1/3 the age of the universe, nor the earth was shaped like an ostrich egg.. which The Qur'an did mention.. And again, Except petra doesn't have the ka'bah, nor the pilgrimage of tawaf.. which also mentioned in The Qur'an which only exist in today's mecca.. Go learn basic knowledges.. don't take your imagination as reality.. in medical science we call that as delusion..
Which Quran did they memorize, because there are over 30 Arabic Qurans (more than the 10 canonical readings), which interesting variants between then that give different meanings.
@@theastronomer5800 there is only one Quran but different readings and they memories the Quran with these seven fixed readings and three complementary to the seven, so the contract of the ten readings is complete. I was confused when you said there are 30 Quran. There are 30 chapters in Quran containing 114 surah in one book that contains 604 pages.
2nd script in surah baqarah verses 265-271
1st script: last page of Al kahf (The cave) and last page of Maryam (Mary) and 1st page of Taha 😇
And have you ever hear the story of musa..
Prophet musa story much better from our religi than other story..
im muslim yo..
@@pauljoseph562 flyng carpet, it's child story/legend for sleep..
please separated legend and story from Qur'an and hadits.
dont take seriously.. peace..
@@ibnumubarokeib there is no flying carpets in the Qur'an
@@ibnumubarokeib Actually that is a rewriting of several admitted fables that the West re-wrote and compiled in the Middle ages of Orient Fetish tales called "Tales of 1000 Arabian nights". Wrong book set. Want peace. Poke sticks in your own eye first.... pretty much every societal proverb on blame and humility... and your little peace bit is really childish passive aggressive ploy. I bet you believe in the dollar (or any other usurious debt note... no illusion there I am sure (sarc) ;)
That blue and gold copy looks wonderful! I can only imagine how eye-catching that would've been to see in someone's book collection. Also that blue bible, which was a neat side note to learn about.
I thought the same.
It is Babillion style
That Quran is in TUnisia in Kairouan
May Allah guide you
All of these qurans are have texts which differ from each other
The aqquyunlu Quran looks absolutely incredible what a tremendous work of art wow.
Quran studies Jihadism & terror towards to Christianity & Judaism.
It is the religion dis covers war crimes in Arabian peninsula
Yeah a lot of Quran editions look very beautiful.
Went to a exposition about Islamic art, it was a dream come true! Oh how it shines, how it twirls around!
“Beautiful” but not true
@@whysoreligious2657 Beautiful and true from cover to cover.
as a muslim from egypt, this is very interesting! also thank you for speaking with an arabic accent when pronouncing arabic words
2:37 I'm proud to say that I just saw the Samarkand Manuscript today, with my own eyes. And if I hadn't seen this video before, I wouldn't have understood the real importance of that relic. Thanks for this video, and hello from Uzbekistan!
assalomu alaykum hi bro
Wait you just commented on the poll of height. You are 6ft arent you 😂
Merhaba Kardeşim, bende gördüm, aslında 4 nüsha ve osman nüshalarından biri
I don't know about others, but in Indonesia, all those memorized Qur'an spend 2 hours reciting 2 out of 30 juz(partition of the quran) everyday as to preserve their
memorization.
That's excluding recitation in main and supplicant prayer.
That’s impressive
in india we recite 3 to 5 juz depending on the age specially may allah accept all our recitation and prayers
Am Indonesian too
Can read quran once im at 6 or 7
And am quite proud about it lol cuz my friend can do same thing 2 years after me
Make sure you folks don't lack on the general education though, otherwise you'll be a jobless hobo.
In Mecca and Madinah you could see hundreds of 6-10 years old memorize the Quran everyday and get tested on it inside the mosques. I’m from Kuwait but when I was at that age I used to go there every summer and memorize the Quran with them. I ended up memorizing almost all of it, 27 out of 30
i saw some qur'an manuscripts in the louvre abu dhabi and they're works of art!
I saw in the news that they Bought the Bermingham copy temporarily.
Exactly...art. It gets even better when you read the content....then it becomes psychopathic art.
@@truthonly2453If you please can you read the content and show us the psychopathic art
@@djelalhassan7631 he will not even dare to do it
It's an amazing feeling that I can read the oldest copy of the Quran!
It is same no difference except the copy being old
@@basharatali9946 that’s what the OP is saying
@@basharatali9946 different dialect though
The oldest one that still exists
@@superhydra8873 nope. identical to what I read every Friday
Never expected the name of Alphonse Mingana to come up! For the Syriac/Chaldean traditions of Catholicism, he was responsible for translating some of the works of one of the Syriac Fathers--Mar Theodore of Mopsuestia--into English (his writings were often overlooked because of Justinian and Constantinople II...)
Will have to read more about him!
Mingana had an interest in the study of Islam.
May Allah guide you
Quran comes to us unchanged by memorization not necessarily a book copy. Allah preserves in the hearts of believers, that’s why there is only one copy of the Quran.
@Benjamin Iota 1) The Ahruf you refer to are the seven dialects of the tribes of Mecca and Medina, Rasoolallah SAW said that the Quran has been revealed in 7 tongues, so recite which is easiest ( see Bukhari 4992) 2) Hafs and Warsh are two types of Qiraat or recitation which stem from the 7 Ahruf, if you watch a quran recitation competition they tell you which qiraat they will be reading from- Hafs is the more commonly used one. 3) Uthman ibn Affan AS burned those copies circulating around Persia because they were written by non Arabs, thus they had mistakes and errors, so he gathered all the copies, burned the pages that had errors or would burn the entire thing and rewrite it from scratch.
@Benjamin Iota all these qurans you’re talking about, have MINIMAL differences that wouldn’t even change the context. Further, what 99% of Muslims around the world are using Quran, this is the one, leave the other as even Muslims to look at them.
@Benjamin Iota I do believe there have been tries to reword some of the Quran to change it, but again, they never succeeded and never will, cuz again million do memorize it, it is UNCHANGEABLE.
@@muntekald7419 These Minimal differences you are talking about are the for example German or Swedish translations thats why we have to recite the holy Quran in Arabic
@Benjamin Iota those are merely dialectical differences lol. They don't even alter or distort the contextuality of even a single verse in the Quran. As for Uthman, he burned some copies cause some of the scribes wrote their commentary so it could be easier for them to memorize since they had to learn the Quran in its entirety. Also he did it with their agreement. Not a single community in charge of organizing the Quran were against him on such matters
The Quran is one of the most beautiful religious texts I've ever read, so glad yall made this video exploring its history!!
Oh Man I love your videos
...You mean like the part when it says "fight those who don't belive in allah and mohammed until they say there are no other than allah" or maybe "all believing woman can give themselves to mohammed" ?
Did you prefer the part when it says "having sex with married woman are not okay except those your right hand poses ((captured slaves), you can have sex with them (i.e r a p e) even if they are married if you capture them)".
What did you think about the part "fight the Christians and the jews until the pay you the jizyah (extortion money) and feel themselves disgraced ?
Can you maybe point out more specifically what was beautiful ?
@@holyarmor578 come on man the text is for early medieval age you can't judge the content by modern standards.
@@alim-xf7wz Well, it clearly says mohammed is the perfect human example that all muslims should imitate as much as they can. So to be a good muslim is to trying to be like mohammed...
Yoo wassap Stoney
as a muslim child i used to memorize the Short Verses of the Quran far before i start to learn about arabic Scripts. And that's how Quran transmitted from generation to generation
Are u from central asia or russia?
@@taglem714 Nope... I'm Indonesian, my Account Name and Picture is Alexander Romanov... The main Vilain in Red Alert 2 (Video Game)
If it is true that the koran was transmitted by oral means and then written down, printed, then how is it that we have 32 different arabic korans today?
@@e-college-sait ask any random muslim you could find in any part of the earth to recite a surah or a verse from The Qur'an.. all of them would recite the same recitation.. The Revelation, The Qur'an, is the recitation, not the book itself..
You watch too much phobes video in youtube.. there is only 1 Qur'an..
@@nu-nisamiracle2401 that is not the issue. There are multiple versions of the Koran in Arabic. All claiming to be the original. They are available in a whole range of Muslim bookstores. So there is no denial possible.
considering how difficult dye was to acquire and use in the pre-industrial world the blue quran was probably the most ornate and luxurious text that existed in that part of the world when it was made.
Blue was almost exclusively produced from ultramarine (ground lapis lazuli (a gemstone)). By definition expensive.
@@allangibson8494 It was still available, but if someone wore something that requires chemical processing like purple they were RICH.
@@abdo-dr1tu Lapis Lazuli was and still is mined in Afghanistan as pretty much the only source. Afghanistan was no safer in 1CE than 2021CE… So restricted, hand carried supplies were a given.
As usual, you have presented a Fascinating Subject in a well done format. Thank You for this. I am always interested In learning more about how humanity 's various documents, books, religious texts, et cetera came to us.
The very first picture he's got up with the Arabic in different colours, that's TURKISH translations for the Arabic underneath it looool.
I wonder if he thought it was just how to pronounce that Arabic writing in English. Lol that's definitely NOT how to pronounce it.
I really love this series, keep going, it's so interesting, more in depth video would be awesome
No single words difference in those oldest Quran to now. 😮
Not different meaning, but the Arabic language is unique and Expressions like an Ocean yet clear.
So,it was different recitations..
7 or 11 different ways..
It didn't altered meaning.
Love this channel. Such even handed and well thought out laying out of the facts.
Most of what the Muslim stated about the Holy New Testament was *not* factual!!!
@@margaritakryuchkov9894 it was factual and what does that got to do with this video?!
About translations, there is also an italian "translation" made in northern Italy in 1547, called "L'Alcorano di Macometto".
Lovely compilation.I believe you missed one important old Quran, the one of Cairo in El Mashhad El Husseini library which dates to probably end of second century -770 to 790. Very good work. I follow u ardently.
I love this presentation, it is so well presented and at a pace that is easy to digest. I cannot read Arabic but I do feel there is something quite holy about the script, especially when appearing the Qur'an. Thank you.
watch CIRA international they expose islam
@@mohammedwhylie9224 Thank you and whilst I am open to learning, this is not the type of learning that appeals to me.
@@treubuchet sure not important at all
@@mohammedwhylie9224 to me it is not. However, if you could support by balancing it with similar to counter the other two Abrahamic/Ibrahimic religions, then I might. If not, I sense an agenda that makes me uncomfortable.
@@treubuchet the qurans (37+ different ones) being books filled with stupidity like a flat earth, sky that can fall on earth, a sunsetting in a waterpool, and so on, should matter>?
5:57 See, when you 'find it in a mosque', I'm pretty sure that's called stealing
Or bribing, or a combination of those two
Hhhhhh good point there!
Lol probably yes they stole it
well said
that's not stealing if Westerner founds something which is owned by someone else ;)
It's astonishing that the quran was memorized by heart by thousands of man improving its preservation
Thank you Syawish Rehman for this most interesting history of the Quran. Besides the historical importance many of these volumes are works of art. btw your French pronunciation was just fine...the German would have made the Kaiser's armies tremble 😄 All the best from Mexico JP
I am so proud of my self, as an Asian Muslim from Turkistan i easily read the 2nd and the 1st manuscripts which were the oldest. The remaining 6 i had diffifculty and tried so hard but couldnt! Its so amazing that i was able to read the scripts that were closer to the Prophets time than being able to read newer scripts found 😇😂 Miracle or what!
Wow! How are you able to read it? 😮
@@isatubarrie9145 So, i memorized the whole Quran in Arabic, that made it easier for me to read. But im still upset i couldnt read the remaining 6 scripts though 🤷🥲
@對不起，謝謝。 With all due respect, are you referring to the Virgin Mary mother of Jesus? Because i do believe she existed as a holy and noble woman. I love her and respect her so much for her devotion to GOD ALMIGHTY. So, i'm kind of confused about what you're talking about Mary.
@@isatubarrie9145 This brother is non Arab and he can read it. I can read them all no problem, we still write like this today in book titles, certificates, wedding invitations and other special productions
@@isatubarrie9145 Well i am an indian muslim
And i can also read it
Thank you for this enlightening presentation. Amazing as always
We have the concept Hafiz in Islam. Abu Bakr RA, Omer RA, Uthman RA and Ali RA, the four rightly guided calipha knew and memorised Quran by heart. Abu Bakr RA and Omer RA were Prophet Muhammad father in laws and Ali RA and Uthman RA were cousins of Prophet Muhammads. Prophet Muhammad saw wife Ayesha RA who whole memorised the Quran by heart lived up to Ali RA reign as Calipha, so witnessed the compilation of Quran into a book. Abdullah bin Masood RA was the actual person doing and managing compilation into a book of Quran while Uthman RA watched over it. Abdullah ibn Masood was a famous student of Prophet Muhammad saw, who learnt Quran directly from Prophet (saw).
Ali RA was cousin and son in law of the Prophet SAW and Usman RA was also son in law. Ali RA died in 40 hijri and Aisha RA died in 57 hijri. Ibn Masood RA was not in the comity who compiled Quran, it was Zaid bin Sabit RA accompanied by Umar RA in Abu Bakr RA time and Zaid bin Sabit RA accompanied by Saeed bin Al Aas RA and Abdullah bin Zubair RA etc in Usman RA time.
memorised by Blind belief not by heart
Then how come Othman burn all of them what was the reason I can only thing that he could not understand any of it because it was horrible!
@Edison Manafi I don't get where you get the idea that Uthman burned the Qur'an because they were horrible? What happened was during Uthman,s reign there begin to appear many companion copies. These copies included exegetical notes, different chapter divisions, etc. So what Uthman did is standardized the text, then sent these texts to the major cities of that time like Makkah and others and instead of going and checking all other copies whether which one is correct and which one is wrong they should use the copy that almost every companion agreed was correct.
If they all memorized the book by heart, why it took them 20 years to combine one, they could have crossed checked with each other and finalised a book in Ramadan.
Why did Osman burn all the original texts!
Daily 5 times prayer and recitation of quranic chapters in each prayer...
Is the best evidence of preservation of quran...
Only 3 daily prayers are found in th quran
@@TetrahedronIX You didnt understand what it meant
@@sajid279 I bet you never read it yourself and telling me I don't understand it. In the Quran, there’s is no direct naming of the five prayers. It does not say pray Fajr, Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha salah. Nowhere in the Quran does it say this explicitly. People's diffing interpretations are clarifid by Hadith
@@TetrahedronIX I have read it never says three salah anywhere...either...
Quran and Hadith are our two sources....
*Where is the oldest Hindu books claimed to be oldest* ?
Oldest Vedas composed and written by Ved Vyasa about 50,000 years back
4 Vedas today consist of 12,000 pages written by tiny computer fonts
Ved Vyasa never saw never met God but fabricated it with meditation and dream work
*Think of 12.000 pages of dream work???*
*Mahabharata written by a Sanskrit writing An elephant Ganesh with its Tooth as Pen and trunk as Hand*
Who never saw and never met Krishan the hero of the book.
Mahabharata /Gita is about 6000 pages in tiny Computer fonts some 40,000 years back.
Ramayana written by Dakoo/Dacoit Walt Mickey / Valmiki like saint Paul, who never met and never saw Ram the main character of book.
*All those Hindu book were written in Cave mans age or Primitive age, when still gods was cloth less or leaves wrapped like Shiva Vishnu Brahma Ram and Krishna.*
Ramadan Mubarak from Indonesia
Great video! love the quality of your work and research.
As for 11:15 , why assume it would be different if it was written before Uthman's standardized quran? if it was written while prophet Muhammad was alive then the logical thing is that it would match Uthman's version, because he was a contemporary of the prophet, he lived besides him for years and he likely memorized the Quran directly from him, as did a lot of his companions. It's Uthman's Quran that should match the Birmingham manuscript and not the other way around
I guess he only meant different in terms of the type of script in which it was written
I read an article regarding the Sana'a manuscript a couple of weeks ago. I was quite sure that the article said that it was the oldest Quran manuscript.
The article maybe old, the Birmingham Quran wasn't carbon dated until 2015.
@@tortoisewarrior4855 probably, I didn't check the date.
The Sana’a isn’t the oldest… but shows that it was erased and written over.
The article must be pre 2015.
@@whysoreligious2657 Sana'a manuscripts are more likely a student's note rather than codified Mushaf. We used to do that a lot in Egypt where we learn Quran by writing the text of the Quran on paper from memory, checking on it and erase it and rewrite on it once more.
Always remember that the Quran is an oral book that is primarily transmitted between generations from mouth to ear and memorized in the heart, manuscripts are just an additional layer of protection for saving the holy book.
Exactly true, this Verbal Revelation is different with Tanakh (Judaism) and Biblos (Christian).
It's all man made bull that relies on previous religions/traditions and philosophical ideologies.
@@dustinellerbe4125 you mean Gospels?
@@TheJumpingAnt I mean the Qur'an, the New Testament, and the Tanahk.
@@dustinellerbe4125 Not the Qur'an.
Aces the pronunciation of Bibliothèque Nationale de France and excuses himself for it - absolutely butchers Tübingen and just continues as if nothing happened. 😂
'oh wow he didn't even pronounce the th like in english, how much care put into-'
'TABINDJEN'
@@aiocafea 😂😂😂
I would like to see an overview of the Arabic scripts. Might also be a opportunity for a graph imho.
I second this. I want to know the chart of Arabic script, the hijazi, the kufic, the naskh, etc..
I know a bit about this, since I studied Arabic at school and Arabic calligraphy afterwards, and I'd love to see that video made. They're better thought of as different fonts rather than different scripts. There are only minor differences that depend on origin, time period, use, whatever it was written on, and preference for either aesthetic or legibility.
I deeply appreciate the insight into the oldest Quran manuscripts. It's incredible to see how these ancient texts have been preserved through the centuries, offering us a glimpse into the early days of Islam. The dedication to maintaining the Quran's heritage is truly inspiring. Lots of love from Bangladesh ❤️🇧🇩
First off - no apology needed for pronunciation errors in other languages. Your accent alone is so rich and pleasant to listen to. Second - the early Muslims had a solid point when they claimed the original Arabic was sacred. The bulk of discrepancies that cause conflict in religions come from interpretation of a language and/or culture that is foreign to the present day reader. A good example I picked up the other day; Joseph’s coat was always referred to as having many colors. There’s even a rose named the Joseph’s Coat rose based on this translation. Well, the original wording in its original context was more likely referring to a long coat with sleeves, such as an individual would wear for special occasions, or if they were wealthy and didn’t have to work for a living. While this one’s simple and doesn’t hold a record for any dramatic schisms, it’s an example of where many of the controversies we have today likely originated.
A lot of words just to say thank you for the fabulous work on this video. Matt only brings in the best! I
ever noticed that the 'orignal' korans were written in a North Arabic dialect and not in the Mecca or Medina dialect Quaraish (I don't know the right spelling) as Uthman demanded?
@@e-college-sait I do not think you understand what you are saying.
What do you mean written in dialect and then ordered to be written in another dialect?
As a Jewish girl who has read the Tanach more times than I can count, the debate on Yosef's "coat" is more complex than that. First of all, it was a kutonet, a tunic, rather than a coat. Second, it's described as a kutonet pasim, which would generally be translated as a striped tunic. There's debate about what these stripes were- whether they were woven or embroidered, and there are some who claim that it meant that it had long sleeves. However, pasim does mean stripes, so there's a high chance that it just means a striped tunic.
As a muslim Arab, I was expecting to be able to read most of these manuscripts. Shockingly, I couldn’t even read a single word except for the oldest manuscript. This just shows how difficult it was for non-Arabs to learn Arabic back then.
the خط isn't it?
It's the style of writing. If you try to read Medieval English you'll have a hard time as well. I have some Latin manuscripts and the older the are the harder they are to read!
@@theastronomer5800 you are right bro
Thy shall not pass!!
Kids in my country memorize it from end to end for fun .. so imagine how well people from that era memorized it and how much of them spread across the world .. Coran is not only a book it's words "انا نحن نزلنا الذكر وانا له لحافظون "
@@daryl94 hi Nazi christian
صحح الأية الكريمة من فضلك أخي
@@amelhamdani8859 شكرا جزيلا تم التصحيح
@@aitaziz4871 بارك الله فيك
Brain training. Isnt the phrase 'off by heart' from people memorizing the Quran or something idk
It is amazing that we have Quran pieces from the time of the Prophet and a nearly complete Quran from the time of Sahaba (companions of the Prophet). It proves that the modern Quran that we are reading has not changed over time. Thanks for the info.
What?
@supism This is not true. The Prophet in his presence completed the Quran in written Book form, which "completed the Deen".
Matt, thank you for having Syawish on. His channel is far underrated! Great work, all!
it would be cool to continue this series with other holy books
YOU'VE DONE JUSTICE, THANK YOU FOR EDUCATING PEOPLE.
same as your Name Adil which means Just.
@@cherb6261 thank you :)
Thanks Useful Charts for the video. I think you should’ve at least mention the complete Quran at Husain mosque in Cairo and most important of all is King Fuad’s Quran which is the base and reference of Qurans that we handle today.
Lastly all Quran scholars agree beyond any doubt that the Birmingham manuscript is ranked as three since as you stated its part of Parisino-Petropolitanus codex and the real number one is Sana’a Palimpsest.
Ever asked the question why did king Faud needed to controle the koranic publication? Why the Cairo koran came into being? ever read the story behind it? If you have a palimpsest then you have two version of the unchangeable - ever the same - by allah protected koran. So which one is the right one. By the way there are now more thatn 30 different arabic korans worldwide. so again which is the right one?
@@e-college-sait Do you have any source where it lists all 30 Qurans verse by verse and put them side by side to show their differences?
If you truly concern you can tired your self and listen to the reader of Quran at any spot of the earth and compare in between to know the difference and this is unlimited chance for you to find more and more not even 30 as you claimed .
We have a millions of Quran hafiz around the world and those are our moving scriptures from generation to other from the prophet Mohammed till the end of the earth.
Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video.
Masha Allah 🙏so wonderful ❤
I have a theory about the Birmingham Copy of Quran, I think it is wrote in prophet Muhammad's life, even before going to Madina, as the carbon test said..
Yeah, yeah.. You may ask: "what about Uthman's Unification of Quran versions, when he destroyed all of the copies? And why it is as Uthman's version" I'll tell you, what I think.
In Book of Bukhari sunnah, it's said that Uthman's kept Abu Bakr's copy, to be the main copy, to copy from it the other copies, and destroyed the other old copies. It said that Zayd bin Thabit and Omar bin Alkhattab didn't wrote all of the Quran over again, but gathered the old copies of each chapther, and compare it to the last version of Quran; then, re-order it. Ater that, they filled the gaps in the pages (by re-writing) that was made because of ordering the Quran.
So, Most of the Quran in that copy was written in prophet Muhammad's life, and kept by Caliph Abu Bakr, Omar, and so, Caliph Uthman.
And, since chapter of "Isra'" to "Taha" all of them are chapters that given to Muhammad in Makkah before Hijrah, which are that Birmingham copy about. Then, it'll be logical to think that it was already written, prepared and in a good order, before going to Madina.
How do you know what the Birmingham Script contains? teach me plz
@@aaquib2010
I know that, because I read about it, it is also mentioned in the video:
10:40
@@Normal_user_coniven ok jazakallah, u have a good knowledge, may Allah increase it more
@@aaquib2010 you can read it clearly in the video. It's the Surah Thaha. The surah that causes Caliph Umar to embraced Islam.
That’s a nice theory. But it’s wrong. In the time of the prophet (peace be upon him), the Quran was not written on paper and assembled as a book. This procedure was only after the prophet’s life (peace be upon him) done. The manuscript though can be dated back to time of his blessed companions. Anyway, the Quran was primarily passed down through tongue and memorization. And we can date the Quran back to the prophet (peace be upon him) through a large amount of rich chains of narration. That’s the reason why we know how every word in the Quran is pronounced and how they’re vocalized.
The mind-boggling point is, even if all the written Qurans vanished from the world today, the Muslims via Quran Hafiz who are in the millions throughout the world on all continents can recreate Allah's words in the written form. Takbir ☝️
So people can't forget and makeup stuff
@@ayoub.boughaba you're right, bible is one of the example
@@ayoub.boughaba i don't know about others, but in Indonesia, all those memorized Qur'an spend 2 hours reciting 2 out of 30 juz(partition of the quran) everyday as to preserve their memorization. That's excluding recitation in main and supplicant prayer.
Hafiz-e-Quran are only in current versions being read today? Also note that none of the manuscripts shown in the video are factually the Qurans being read today.
im just reminding u that, if u dont acept the truth no one lose nothing except urself.
keep ur confidence in ur make believe religion then, good luck.
The book is beautiful and the language is beautiful.
@@daryl94 Hiroshima and Nagasaki were nuclear bombed by devout white Evangelical Christians.
@@daryl94 jealousl christian spotted
That's sooooo subjective
@@dragonfire3727 have you read the Bible?
@@sentientflower7891The Quran isn't beautiful...
Danke für die tolle Arbeit
everyone is talking about how informational this is but why is no one talking about how accurate the pronunciation is ( of course i also appreciate the information)
Christian Egyptian here very interested to learn about ancient Qur'an manuscript
No we christians dont care about it because we know the bible is way older than the quran and the quran doesnt align with bible, the quran denies that isaac was the one chosen to be sacrificed, the quran says it was ishmael when in reality was isaac the bible was first, jesus was the fullfilment of all the holy scriptures
@@omarespinosa9826 knowledge is power. Knowing everyone’s perspective on things can only help foster peace amongst religions
Just accept my personal thanks for finishing the job the Romans started, destroying the Great Library at Alexandria.
Damn Pagans. Burn it to the glory of God1!
Egyptian Muslim here 😏
السلام عليكم
لو عندك فضول
ممكن تسأل
ان شاء الله اساعد لو اقدر
@@betrayal6231 i know more than enough about the quran, the most danger scriptures of the quran is the one that denies that isaac was the real chosen one to be sacrificed by abraham ordered by god, the second one is that tell the muslim to kill jews so they can have 70 virgin on heaven and it goes on and on and on, i know a lot about the quran
This was really good! Thank you!
Omg, I study history in Tübingen! Never knew this, great to have such an important piece of history there!
btw, your pronunciation was pretty funny;)
The verse in that picture of the blue Quran 1:45 is verse 28 of chapter 30 (Al-Rūm).
تبدأ من نهاية كلمة رزقناكم بالآية 28
الى بداية كلمة وكانوا بالآية 32
It just made eyes opened.
Wonder which religious scripture you'll look at next for one of these videos, would love to learn about some of the Far East folk religions
Good explanation. But you mentioned inaccurate information
Caliph Othman did not make a new version during his reign
Rather, he relied on the copy written by Zaid bin Thabet during the reign of the first Caliph Abu Bakr, and the copy was preserved with Hafsa, the wife of the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace.
there is another thing, Muslims do not pay much attention to manuscripts because the method of preserving the Qur’an was through memorization and repetition of the entire Qur’an
Most of the Muslims memorized the Qur’an at the age of seven years, and the memorizer obtained a certificate from the Sheikh for that Qur’an was preserved by the large number of memorizers over the ages.
You are not an Arab, most likely from the subcontinent. Because people like you, a new Quran cannot be written.
How fascinating. I've never heard of the Blue Qur'an.
You should do one abt other holy books, or just religious texts, too, as the Vedas, the Dao de jing, the Lun yu. Also smth cool would be to explore when certain religion's doctrines were written down at the first time, thinking mostly abt afro American religions like voudou, candomblé, santería, but also shinto and dao luong
I always find it interesting to find the earliest copy of a text. What about the earliest copies found of the Hadith and the Sunnah?
@Chris Walker Very nice. Thanks for the reply.
@mohamed the guy Thanks for the reply. I was hoping there would still be some left from near the time they were originally written.
@@BillGreenAZ sahifat hammam ibn Munabbih and some others are the earliest, you can check a video about this on a channel calles (One Message Foundation) you will see all the earliest ones
@@israfilangel8062 Thanks for the suggestion. I'll check it out.
the earlies version of the koran and hadith are from the 8 century by Utman, the older versions are pre-koranic texts ,for other sources. The hadith have a bad reputation since over 100.000 were ongoing when the caliphs were fed up with them and diminushed them to around 6.000, later to be corrected (?) to more. All off them are at least 100 year after mohamed lived.
Ramadhaan Mubaarak, my Ummah 2022.
Allah ybarek feek ♥️
already compiled and finished by the time of caliph Abu Bakar around 633, actually. Caliph Usman made copies from The one compiled by caliph Abu Bakar and stardardized the recitation.
Standardising the divine word of god? Why i thought it was clear
He didn’t standardize the recitation but the text.
@@yassine073t wouldn’t that suggest there is an inconsistency between text and recitation?
He didn’t standardized the words of Allah SWT. Rather he standardized the way of recitation of The Holy Quran. Arabic is a luxuriant and versatile language. One word Which is Feminine in a Group, may be used as neuter / masculine in another group previously at the time of Prophet PBUH. And, For your kind consideration, At the time of Uthman (R.) there was about 7 reciting styles in Arabic. So he assembled it into a single style and copy. Even there was no punctuation marks then. Later, Hazzaz Bin Yousuf (died 714 AD) added punctuation to the Quran. So, please don’t beat about the bush without knowing abou the preservation of Quran. If Uthman (R.) hadn’t done that, you, you people would make multifarious meanings of Quran (as we are not native arabic speakers) and have nullified Quran as the book of god.
@@uniformityofnature1488 Yes there is. There are many letters in the Quran you don’t speak out “silent letters” there are many rules while reading the Quran correctly. Also there are slightly different recitations coupled with slightly different texts.
Standardization of the Quran means correcting even the slightest mistakes, dividing the chapters correctly, and filling in the gaps if there were any.
Note: the "versions" of the quran is the seven spellings of it, we muslims believe in all of them and the prophet peace be upon him told us about them, and that they all descended upon him, but the othmani one(or the qurashi) is the most famous, but if you go to countries like morocco you would see the other version, so they are not like different bibles of even errors or something like that
Nope, at least 20. Someone have I think 42 different kinds of Quran. The most famous is Haf's Quran.
@@vinamrasinghai2339 lol a hindi.. the most prideful and arrogant among peoples in the entire galaxy who think they are the smartest people even tho they didn't even contributed anything to humanity's civilization except for the concept of number zero.. Pfft..
@@nu-nisamiracle2401What happened?
Glory be to God, how God preserved the Holy Qur’an despite the passing of all the long years
غير المسلمين قد لا يعلمون ان جميع النسخ المحفوظة لا تتعرض مع بعضها البعض وهي نفسها المقاطع الموجودة في يومنا هذا بلا تغيير. ذلك لأن الله حفظه وجعله اخر كتاب
إِنَّا نَحۡنُ نَزَّلۡنَا ٱلذِّكۡرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُۥ لَحَٰفِظُونَ
(Sahih International)
Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will be its guardian.
-Surah Al-Hijr, Ayah 9
It should be noted that Uthman (rn) "destoryed" those Qur'an scripts which were written in various dialects so that tribes other than the Qur'aysh could understand the revelation. After the message was finally conveyed, Uthman had to make sure that only the Quraysh version of the Qur'an should be in circulation.
you'll need to research first old Quraysh's arabic, cause their dialect are even not match with today or during rome's time, the trouble of linguistic are some of them are vanished from popularity.
11:20 you say the Birmingham manuscript is likely produced after Uthman because it matches. What is that based on?
Excellent work Syawish.
How is it excellent when most of what he stated about the Holy New Testament is *not* factual??!!
@@margaritakryuchkov9894 Syawish is from the Islamic history channel Al Muqaddamah, he only talks about Islam, he was invited by this channel to talk about this
@@rashidsalis619 He opened his stupid mouth about the Holy New Testament!!!
*Where is the oldest Hindu books claimed to be oldest* ?
Oldest Vedas composed and written by Ved Vyasa about 50,000 years back
4 Vedas today consist of 12,000 pages written by tiny computer fonts
Ved Vyasa never saw never met God but fabricated it with meditation and dream work
*Think of 12.000 pages of dream work???*
*Mahabharata written by a Sanskrit writing An elephant Ganesh with its Tooth as Pen and trunk as Hand*
Who never saw and never met Krishan the hero of the book.
Mahabharata /Gita is about 6000 pages in tiny Computer fonts some 40,000 years back.
Ramayana written by Dakoo/Dacoit Walt Mickey / Valmiki like saint Paul, who never met and never saw Ram the main character of book.
*All those Hindu book were written in Cave mans age or Primitive age, when still gods was cloth less or leaves wrapped like Shiva Vishnu Brahma Ram and Krishna.*
@@adnanadillwhy are you talking about hinduism in an islamic comment section, nobody’s converting to hinduism by you answering random questions about it
Everything was just fine.
Did you use a cartoon picture of prophet in the beginning of the video?
Some of the oldest Qur'ans in the world are in Britain, Germany and France thanks to European colonialism.
The Muslims kept it safe on their hearts among centries and they can make it to another centries , thanks to ALLAH
“Acquired” just say stolen or plundered.
Awesome , very enlightening - where is oldest manuscript which is complete and standardised one ( Uthman ) . What we get today for Urdu speaking world , which script is it ?
lucknow script
It is also known as urdu musaf
If the Quran is true, then Islam is false.
by CARM
If the Quran is true, then Islam is false. Why? Because the Quran says to trust the Gospels and the four Gospels contradict the Quran. This means the Quran can't be true if it says the gospel message is also true. In order to show this, I will quote several verses from the Quran. The more important ones are bolded for easy reference later.
None can change Allah's words
6:34, "Rejected were the messengers before thee: with patience and constancy they bore their rejection and their wrongs, until Our aid did reach them: there is none that can alter the words (and decrees) of Allah. Already hast thou received some account of those messengers."
6:115, "The word of thy Lord doth find its fulfilment in truth and in justice: None can change His words: for He is the one who heareth and knoweth all."
18:27, "And recite (and teach) what has been revealed to thee of the Book of thy Lord: none can change His Words, and none wilt thou find as a refuge other than Him."
Moses was given the Torah
2:87, "We gave Moses the Book and followed him up with a succession of messengers; We gave Jesus the son of Mary Clear (Signs) and strengthened him with the holy spirit. Is it that whenever there comes to you a messenger with what ye yourselves desire not, ye are puffed up with pride?- Some ye called impostors, and others ye slay!
3:3, "It is He Who sent down to thee (step by step), in truth, the Book, confirming what went before it; and He sent down the Law (of Moses) and the Gospel (of Jesus) before this, as a guide to mankind, and He sent down the criterion (of judgment between right and wrong)."
David was given the Psalms
4:163, "We have sent thee inspiration, as We sent it to Noah and the Messengers after him: we sent inspiration to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes, to Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the Psalms."
Jesus was given the gospel
57:27, "Then, in their wake, We followed them up with (others of) Our messengers: We sent after them Jesus the son of Mary, and bestowed on him the Gospel; and We ordained in the hearts of those who followed him Compassion and Mercy. But the Monasticism which they invented for themselves, We did not prescribe for them: (We commanded) only the seeking for the Good Pleasure of Allah; but that they did not foster as they should have done. Yet We bestowed, on those among them who believed, their (due) reward, but many of them are rebellious transgressors.
Christians should judge by what is in the Gospel
5:47, "Let the people of the Gospel judge by what Allah hath revealed therein. If any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) those who rebel."
The Quran confirms the Torah, the Psalms, and the Gospels and guards them
Quran 2:136 Say, [O believers], "We have believed in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what has been revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants and what was given to Moses and Jesus and what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him."
5:48 To thee [the people of the gospel] We sent the Scripture in truth, confirming the scripture that came before it, and guarding it in safety: so judge between them by what Allah hath revealed, and follow not their vain desires, diverging from the Truth that hath come to thee. To each among you have we prescribed a law and an open way. If Allah had so willed, He would have made you a single people, but (His plan is) to test you in what He hath given you: so strive as in a race in all virtues. The goal of you all is to Allah; it is He that will show you the truth of the matters in which ye dispute;
Ask Christians about spiritual things.
10:94 And if thou (Muhammad) art in doubt concerning that which We reveal unto thee, then question those who read the Scripture (that was) before thee. Verily the Truth from thy Lord hath come unto thee. So be not thou of the waverers.
Curse on those who say God has a son
9:30, "The Jews call 'Uzair a son of Allah, and the Christians call Christ the son of Allah. That is a saying from their mouth; (in this) they but imitate what the unbelievers of old used to say. Allah's curse be on them: how they are deluded away from the Truth!
Jesus not crucified
4:157, "That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not."
Alright, so we see that...
None can change Allah's words (6:34; 6:115; 18:27).
Jesus was given the gospel by Allah (57:27).
The Quran confirms the Gospels (5:48)
The Gospels contradict the Quran
So, if the Quran confirms the Gospels which says that Jesus was crucified (Matthew 27:26-31; Mark 15:15-20; Luke 23:32-34; John 19:17-18) and the Quran says Jesus was not crucified (Surah 4:157), then the Quran is false. But if it says the Gospels are false, then the Quran denies its own teaching and Islam is false.
Really interesting, and informative!
Hello @usefulCharts. Im a literature and theology student and I am also religious. One thing that’s bothered me is how you missed one HUGE point to mention and its making the whole video kinda unthought about. So whether hystorically its believed or not but Quran was compiled in its entirety within 2 years of Muhammad’s dead! Yes Uthaman did standardized the arabic writing later but compilation was already done! I suggest you update this ASAP! Rest of the video is ok from study POV!
Uthman didn't change anything nor there were spelling errors what Uthman did was compile the whole Quran together as it was revealed to the Prophet partially over his lifetime and the companions had different single verses written with them Uthman made the whole Quran available to all
No he did not, the real Quran has the verses of stoning and 10 times adult breastfeeding.
Uthman's book is a corruption
Not Uthman ra but zaid Ibn sabit
????? Uthaman picked what he wanted , he burnt what he did not like. How is that not changing the original???? How did he know what to burn or keep if he was not a prophet
@@SmashAllah any légal proofs
@@SmashAllah what are you basing this on do you have any historical proof can you provide any evidance any authantic hadith with referances
MashAllah 🌹☝️🕋🤲🌹
Quran: 15:9
We have sent down the Quran Ourself, and We Ourself will guard it. Even before you [Prophet],
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا ٱلذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُۥ لَحَٰفِظُونَ
why are there hadiths that dispute and can’t agree on certain texts in the Quran
@@uniformityofnature1488 quran and hadith are separate things
They are written in separate books
@@yosefnassar5192 lol yep I am aware there about 7000 different hadiths 👍
@@uniformityofnature1488 hadiths are quraan are two different things
There are weak hadiths and there are strong hadiths and false hadiths
The hadith has its own field
@@yosefnassar5192 how does one differentiate weak from a strong? Do you believe god made it look as though Jesus was crucified and exchanged him with someone else? If so what evidence do you have?
How bout doing something about hadith and the narration chains etc.
Thank you for such a valuable information. You should have also included when and where the print Quran appeared.
Correction, *it was completed at the time of the First Caliph,* Abu Bakr. It was preserved by him firstly, then his successor Umar, then the latter’s daughter Hafsa.
At the time of Uthman, it was "standardised" into one mode out of the 7 Arabic modes (not the same as the standardisation or *canonisation* of the Bible). The other 6 were burnt.
*All were inspired,* but the Arabic Quraysh mode was the first, it was also the mode of Muhammad's tribe.
"Standardised into one language out of the seven Arabic languages"
Qur'aan was brought down to Nabiyyu-LLaahi in one Arabic language of the Nabiyy!
The problem is human one, as always!
The Qur'aanic Arabic was being spoken at the time of being brought down, but in my opinion, it was at edge of death! So, all the Arabic languages or dialects stem from the Qur'aanic Arabic and not the other way round!
@@samantarmaxammadsaciid5156 you are right. The Quraysh Arabic language is the original Arabic that was spoken by Ishmael (a.s.). It was a very precise Arabic compared to the other 6 Arabics.
You are correct, but you're looking from a close-up angle. Take a step back. Look at it from the bird's-eye view.
I literally said it's not like the canonisation of the Bible.
Dialect and language are different things.
@@ChangedNames no, it's a literal language back then. The Quraysh language, the Hudhayl language, etc. It goes to individual tribes.
Dialects goes to individual countries/cities, like Basra, Kufa, Mecca, Medina. Each language has its different dialects.
There is *a difference between لهجات (dialects) and أحرف (language systems).* Grammar can totally change because of the difference of Arabic languages, but not dialects.
And some of those other languages can be found in the Quran, though mainly being the Quraysh language.
For example, Malaysian and Indonesian are counted as *two totally different languages,* even though they are technically the same.
But within Malaysia, the people of Kedah might have *a different dialect* than the people of Kelantan, the people of Perak etc.
So yeah, you are right. Languages and dialects are different things. *And I'm not referring to dialects,* I am referring to languages.
The text was standardized. There is only one Arabic language which is the Arabic from the Quran.
Wish you would’ve covered comparisons between the different versions - where they differed and were the same, for instance
There are no notable differences between them. The Qur'an is like Homer's works in that it has audible rhythm and is meant to be memorized, so textual drift over time is more difficult.
@@FireEverLiving Lies!!! "Two magicians" is *not* the same thing as "two works of magic"!!!
@@FireEverLiving This is simply factually false. There are several differences. Denial just so that a muslim can feel comfortable is not a valid reason. Even within islamic tradition of the Hadith are alterations known like the famous goat/sheep story eating 1 verse.
@@Angelmou Allah has not promised to preserve the hadith, it is the work of muslims ummah of preserved it the best they could.
@@ChangedNames I talked about the Qur'an you just skipped.
This piece is just an indication that the Quran dates back to the era of prophecy. The preservation is something else. If we had a whole copy it wouldn’t have been that impressive. I mean we could’ve gone back to it from time to time. The Quran was preserved in a more impressive way. The style of narration has been carried on mostly by reciting from one another over hundreds of centuries or oral tradition. that’s why we still have one version of the Quran over these centuries when Muslims were spread all over the map. it’s near impossible to preserve a whole book in such circumstances by just oral tradition. and the same content can also be found in all kinds of Islamic sharia law books especially the books of interpretation with no contradictions between them. and there are manuscripts of those books that date back to hundreds of years ago which is a refutation for those who want to use the stupid 1924 argument. which also goes against them, because how can you bring muslims together to follow one book and they couldn’t do it with their bible? and those who want to use Qira’ats as an argument, we have 10 authentic Qira’ats and 4 non authentic Qira’ats and we all agree on what’s authentic and what’s not and all of this has been preserved just by recitation generation after generation and the prophet used them all. This is how it’s actually being preserved. Not to mention that Muslims have gone through so many different hardships throughout the history. The mongols destroyed the library of Baghdad which was the capital of the caliphate. the Muslims were defeated in Spain and the Christians destroyed almost everything. In the 19th century the majority of Muslim countries were colonized by non-Muslim countries. Muslims were divided in so many time and yet the book is still the same, The content is still the same. Not like the Christians and the Jews who lost the preservation of their books after the Babylonians and the Roman Catholics took over Jerusalem one after another. at the end of the day language itself is a miracle, i mean we speak arabic as a native language but none of us could come up with something eloquent like the Quran, not even close to that.
Although im glad u admit these manuscripts are nothing close to proving perfect preservation
@@Mgbizkut they really do, now we have an army of millions of muslims memorize the entire book and ready to die for what it says. live with it! by the way you need to focus on your crappy issues don’t mind us, focus on your genders, your pronouns, child trafficking and and.. i mean you got a lot to focus on. the holy Quran i beyond you. glory to Allah glory to Islam , ☝️.
Not mentioned by the uploader but quite relevant: these manuscripts can only be dated using the parchment it was written on and are as a consequence very inaccurate for dating the text. Ink can not be carbon dated and any of these dates are only dating the parchment not the text. It was not uncommon to recycle the parchment. Dating using the script style is even more dubious.
Jazakamu Allahu khairan. This is equivalent to a Master’s Thesis; may Allah reward you with goodness 🌸
Only the voice can be called Quran which we produce when we speak or hear when we listen. The written form is called Mus haf. (scripture). Saving and keeping the Quran is a so accurate process that doesn't leave a place for (alternate version). The writing system cannot keep up with the transfer of voice from a teacher to student.
@Benjamin Iota They still aren't a replacement, the main way for passing down the Quran is still through oral memorization and recitation. There's millions of people today who have memorized the Quran cover to cover. Even if all paper copies were to disappear, it can be rewritten in a day by the memorizers.
There are at least 30 different arabic version in the world today, so which one is the one you quote? the Hafs version? or an alternative?
@@e-college-sait As a Tajweed student, I know one version of the Quran. This 30 version is an Islamophopic lie. So if want to learn the truth about it, then I will gladly help. But if you're just here to spread Islamophopic nonsense, then I advise you to quit it. You will end just like the other bots.
@@e-college-sait And I am learning Hasf for now.
@@e-college-sait
We have 7 way of reading the Quran and even the our children can read them because we learn by hearing from the beginning
Don't worry about us
Just imagine if the oldest copies of the Bible was in Saudi Arabia museum or Pakistani museum??
yeah exactly, so UK and France must return the copies to Saudi Arabia or Egypt.
Problem is that no one seems to have an original Uthmanic Qur'an so cannot compare it. Also there are no vowels in the manuscripts as that was developed later in Arabic writing. Wonder how different these Qur'ans are to the Hafs or Warsh Qur'an that is used by most Muslims today?
If you buy newspapers in the Arab world they dont have dots in the papers.The arabs dont need them to read .the dots were added so people outside the Arab world can read the pronounciation
@@jkmcgregor7797 Interesting so if you have the consonants B & D then you know what vowel goes in the middle? Guess the wrong one and that could change the meaning of the word, the whole sentence and the context of the whole phrase or leave the entire thing into an indecipherable mishmash of nonsense. The proto-Qur'an was written in Aramaic-Syriac which was the dominant language up unto the 8th century AD. They were writen in short hand as Christian Psalms that were later translated into Arabic and the Qur'an(s). Which is why there are so many ambigious (dark) passages in them. If you compare the Hafs Qur'an with the Warsh Qur'an you get about 5,000 different variances that do affect the meaning of the passages. I suggest that you look at the work done by Dr. Jay Smith and Hatun Tash in this field.
@@romandacil3984 the vowels aint like the English vowels .why don't you ask an Arab how they read a newspaper with no diacritics .the quran is written in arabic
@@romandacil3984 ive seen 51 diff in hafs and warsh i dont know where 5000 come from and I dont need christian apologists misinformation
According to the Hebrew Masoretic text of genesis 17:1 onkelos or Targum Jonathan says that Prophet Abraham was a ( shelim ) שְׁלִים means a Muslim
וַהֲוָה אַבְרָם בַּר תִּשְׁעִין וּתְשַׁע שְׁנִין וְאִתְגְלֵי יְיָ לְאַבְרָם וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ אֲנָא אֵל שַׁדַי פְּלַח קֳדָמַי וֶהֱוֵי שְׁלִים בְּבִשְרָךְ
And Abram was the son of ninety and nine years, and the Lord appeared to Abram, and said to him, I am El Shadai; serve before Me and be perfect (shelim) in thy flesh.
שְׁלִים
Check out the Hebrew English chaldan lexicon book
You will find the Hebrew word שְׁלִים means a Muslim / Islam / devote to God
Lookout for these words in safaria .org
/ perfect / complete / blameless
Page 1064
The other similar books like that it says Muslim too
On archive .org
Or Google Hebrew strong 7999
In Targum Jonathan or onkelos and Aramaic Targum in safaria . Org
There is many verses have the word shelim / שְׁלִים / Muslim in around 25 verses
In the holy twelve gospel the word perfect law / Islamic law is used too by Jesus
see your good works, and glorify your Parent who is in heaven.
8. Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfill. For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no way pass from the law or the prophets till all be fulfilled. But behold One greater than Moses is here. and he will give you the higher law, even the perfect Law, and this Law shall ye obey.
18. Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Parent Who is in heaven is perfect.
My TikTok username is lordofpeace25e
I do Dawah to none Muslims
This is not just a manuscript, it is the confirmation of previous revelations, it is written and preserved in Hafiz’s memory since the time of the prophet. Alhamdulillah
The amazing thing that all Qur'an manuscripts have no letter different than current copies
While bible manuscripts you see the same book but with different topics or different story telling style
The blue and gold one is beautiful.
The Islamic prophet had a number of prominent scribes (kātib), including Abd Allah ibn Masud, Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, Ubayy ibn Ka'b and Zayd ibn Thabit
According to Islamic sources before Caliph Uthman's standardization, after which variants were burned, the Quran may have contained either 116 chapters (Ubayy Ibn Ka'ab's codex) or 111 chapters (Ibn Ma'sud's codex).
What I thought it was persevered? I keep hearing that it’s been preserved but at the same time I’ve heard that many hadiths dispute this narrative.
How you divide the Chapters is also what we call standardization.
@@uniformityofnature1488 Quran Text is created by human. Not god.
@@ZawawiYangTerakhir dude what you on about 🤦🏻♂️
What you say is factually wrong. You are half heartedly referring to the 7 mutawatir Qiraat of the Quran. The 7 Qiraat of the Quran were all taught by the prophet and are accurate as the Quran was revealed in all of them. The most wide spread Qiraah is the Asim Qiraah which people mistakenly call "Uthamic" which is just simply false. This is the "standard" because it is the most spread. "Ibn Masuds Codex" is merely the Qiraah that was taugh by Ibn masud AMONG OTHERS and people have this misconception that uthman eradictad them because they would somehow constitute a Tahreef (distortion) of the Quran. This is false. They are still used today. I know someone who has memorized the "Ibn Masud Codex" by heart completely. They arent some secrets muslims try to hide or something. It is merely a legitimate Qiraat which dates back the prophet sav himself. The different Qiraat are literally the same, only very few synonmous words are different (Ya'lemun -> Yafqahun for example, both having the same Zahir meaning) and Harakat difference which do not constitute a distortion ('Alima -> 'Alama). This boils down to the 7 dialects of the Arabian peninsula having these differences in Harakat which do not change the thing and again the prophet sav is the source of these (and through him the ultimate source is God himself)
You call yourself Haqq. You are merely Kizb and a Kezzab. May Allah darken your face or enlighten it with the light of islam
Listening and watching to this video may we safely conclude that there are different versions of the Qur'an? Kaliph Uhtman standardized the Qur'an, but he destroyed other versions. How can we be so sure he had the wisdom to preserve the right version and why did he destroy other versions? Now we cannot check his judgement. Maybe he destroyed the right version and preserved the false one?
The reason "why", the method "how", and the names of the team who did it "who", and the differences were all documented by Muslims in their books. The different versions of Quran " called Qira'at" are also kept by heart and still being used by Muslims until now. The internal evidences of the integrity Quran and the standard criterion which was set by Allah in the Quran on how to know whether it came from Allah is also there, studied in details by both Muslim Scholars and anti-Islam orientalists. It only takes you few hours of reading in Islamic sources to know the answer to your question
uthman didnt do it all by himself, he himself was one of the closest companions of the prophet pbuh, and he discussed it very thoroughly with other senior companions. the master copy which the scribes copied from was of the wife of the prophet pbuh. The scribes themselves were also companions, some of whom being the original scribes whilst the prophet pbuh was alive. Also, the quran, even today, is widely preserved through the oral tradition, with millions having memorised it, and could recite the quran in its entirety without looking at the text, this was also the case throughout the entirety of the religion, especially how the prophet pbuh himself was illiterate
Exactly why they claim it’s the perfect word of god when there were to many versions !?
@@ashyasinwe don't need manuscripts we have it on our hearts
Manuscript are secondary to us. First and most importantly is memorization of the Quran in our minds and hearts because God has made it easy to learn. Memorization from the prophet to the companions to their children and so on………….
Alhamdulilah
The explanations about the differences between old Qurans around 9:00 are portraying the differences as small and insignificant, but the existence of these differencese still 100% disproves the Muslim narrative and Muhammad's claim as a whole. The words were not holy nor were they from God, they were not free from errors and they were indeed corrupted and miswritten
Great video
I am a Muslim, no matter what Faith you come from, this is Our History of Humanity
Except that Petra is the mecca depicted in the koran, not the current mecca location. The koran was a Unitarian Christian lectionary used to run services in churches for arabs converted to Christianity from paganism. It was later converted to early written Arabic by adding diacritical marks. That's why the "dark passages" are gibberish until converted back to Aramaic by removing and adding Aramaic dots & squiggles. See "the syro-aramaic reading of the koran" by Christof Luxenberg and "A challenge to islam for reformation" by Gunter Luling.
you're really mistaken in your claim , i need you to provide credibility proof for that since this sounds really really based on ignorance
@@jimstretch6109 Except the unitarian christian lectionary doesn't mention that the earth is 1/3 the age of the universe, nor the earth was shaped like an ostrich egg.. which The Qur'an did mention..
And again,
Except petra doesn't have the ka'bah, nor the pilgrimage of tawaf.. which also mentioned in The Qur'an which only exist in today's mecca..
Go learn basic knowledges.. don't take your imagination as reality.. in medical science we call that as delusion..
Or Non-humanity
@@Sema-Tawy sounds like an emotional argument
Mashallah
❤️❤️
There are millions of people who memories Quran word by word. You can find 5 years old kids who memories the Quran letter by letter.
Which Quran did they memorize, because there are over 30 Arabic Qurans (more than the 10 canonical readings), which interesting variants between then that give different meanings.
@@theastronomer5800 there is only one Quran but different readings and they memories the Quran with these seven fixed readings and three complementary to the seven, so the contract of the ten readings is complete. I was confused when you said there are 30 Quran. There are 30 chapters in Quran containing 114 surah in one book that contains 604 pages.
@@theastronomer5800 you know nothing. hahaha. 30 juzuk not 30 quran. hahaha
Lol this makes me laugh.. 30 Qur'ans lol..
Mashallah beautiful
You should do a video about Star Trek
Beautiful, and even more beautiful when you start reading and understanding the Quran/Reading content