The fumigation process will continue while the ship is en route. The application of the fumigant may only take a couple of hours, but it will take the pellets many hours to break down and release the phosphine gas. The pellets react with water vapor in the air(humidity). The higher the humidity or moisture content of the grain, and the warmer the temperature, the faster the reaction will occur. The phosphine levels will continue to build to the target concentration until all the pellets are broken down. They leave behind a gray powder of aluminum hydroxide, which is non toxic and very similar to antacid tablets like Tums. The vast majority of this residual powder is removed by the normal processing of the grain into its final product. It can take 2 weeks or more to get a full and complete fumigation. The gas has to penetrate through the entire grain mass and into the grain kernels/beans to kill eggs and larva. The active adults outside the kernels are killed relatively quickly. Proper sealing of the hatches is critical to maintain the gas levels in the holds. Often, closed loop recirculation is used to get better, faster results. This method uses perforated tubing and recirculating blowers to keep the air withing the grain in motion to evenly and quickly get the fumigant gas to equilibrium throughout the grain mass. For this method, tubing needs to be installed at the bottom of the hold before the hold it filled with grain and that tube needs to daylight above the final grain level where it will be connected to a blower which will suck the air off the top of the grain mass and force it through the tubing to the bottom. Using the method shown in the video, it will take much longer for the gas to naturally migrate to the bottom of the grain mass and equilibrium may be difficult to achieve, but it still can work effectively. Soybeans aren't nearly as insect friendly as wheat, barley, corn or oats, and the more round shape of the beans allows for faster air movement as well. So for soybeans, recirculation isn't nearly as critical. In the U.S. we wear gas monitors to ensure we aren't endangering our health during the application process. The crew of the ship should also have gas detection equipment to let them know if toxic levels are present. There have been cases where cargo holds had cracks or weren't sealed properly to isolate the hold from the other parts of the ship and crew members lost their lives from phosphine poisoning. Those masks they are wearing do nothing to protect them from phosphine. A full face respirator with a cartridge labeled for phosphine gas is required when gas levels are above 0.3 parts per million(ppm) but not above 15ppm. Above 15ppm requires a self contained breathing apparatus (scba) There must be licensed(at the destination) fumigators to clear the commodity to below 0.3ppm before the product can be released for unloading a processing. Recirulation blowers can speed this process as well by introducing fresh air into the intake and forcing that to the bottom. That's how it's supposed to go. What happens in reality at the destination is up to the local officials there.
How does the grain remain safe to eat after being penetrated by a gas toxic enough to kill a human upon inhalation? Also do you know if grain sold as organic undergoes this same fumigation process? And thanks for the explanation it was very interesting
@@sardinehydration4056 It leaves no residue but aluminum hydroxide, a common antacid. The phosphine released by the reaction of aluminum phosphide and water vapor is a gas that happens to be poisonous. It's a pretty small molecule that penetrates deep, fast, and well. Like all gases, it diffuses from high concentration to low until equilibrium is reached. Conversely when the container is opened at the end of the fumigation period, the gas absorbed in the grain desorbs to reach equilibrium with ambient air and thus goes away very quickly. Aeration speeds this process exponentially. However, it is important to understand that it is possible to get low reading while aeration is going, close the container too soon while gas is still desorbing and the levels in the container can rise again above safe levels. So you have to be careful. Phosphine gas is poisonous by inhalation, not contact with skin. In the US the gas level of the commodity must be below 0.3ppm before it can be released for road transportation or processing. 0.3ppm is also the Time Weighted Average threshold for work with out respiratory protection. That's 8hr days 40hrs/week. It's safe. It's been the most widely used fumigant in the world for many decades. Just so there is no confusion, this is a perfectly safe product when used according to the label and applicators manual. Play stupid games, win stupid prizes. Ingestion of the unreacted pellets will probably be fatal, but I'm not a doctor. Copies of the product labels and Safety Data Sheets are readily available online. Laws and regulations may be very different in your part of the world. Follow the label on the product YOU use, labeled for YOUR locality. Follow the label! The label is the law. Common product brand names are Weevil-Cide, Phos-Toxin, Killzall, PH3, Fumitoxin and others. These are all restricted use products that require license and training along with continuing education to legally purchase or apply. Follow the appropriate laws in your locality. No, organic grains cannot be fumigated with synthetic fumigants like phosphine and retain their organic status. CO2 and Nitrogen have been used, but it is expensive, difficult to get acceptable results, and takes a long time. Heat and Cold treatments are other methods used to kill insects in organic commodities. If those methods worked well and were economical, there would be no need for Alumimum Phosphide, or other fumigants.
hi Reden. Very interesting, now I understand why it was necessary to take a detour around Antalia. - Thank you for adjusting your sound image. Now it is no longer necessary to turn the volume down to the lowest volume. Looking forward to your next Vlog. Jens
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
Nice explanation. i'll work with fumigation in the port of são francisco do sul, Brazil. Have you ever been there? So, if yeah, maybe we could meet there. You got a new follower. 🤝
The residual dust that remains is non toxic aluminum hydroxide, which is a common antacid for upset stomach. Regardless, almost all of it is naturally removed when the commodity is processed and moved.
It's informative. 1, Usually how long it takes to complete the fumigation process? 2, Is it a must for fumigation of all kinds of grain shipments? 3, Is fumigation to be performed by the special workers only? Who bears such cost? 4, How can the crews get rid of the poisonous gas from the fumigation? 5, What is the main content of the document concerned for the fumigation? Thanks.
@Concordocean, about 1-2 hours depending on manpower and the fumigation method, yes it’s mandatory to fumigate all types of grains, yes only skilled workers need to perform that, in open area fumigants is not a problem, but if somebody must come near the the cargo hold should wear full face mask,
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
The fumigation process will continue while the ship is en route. The application of the fumigant may only take a couple of hours, but it will take the pellets many hours to break down and release the phosphine gas. The pellets react with water vapor in the air(humidity). The higher the humidity or moisture content of the grain, and the warmer the temperature, the faster the reaction will occur. The phosphine levels will continue to build to the target concentration until all the pellets are broken down. They leave behind a gray powder of aluminum hydroxide, which is non toxic and very similar to antacid tablets like Tums. The vast majority of this residual powder is removed by the normal processing of the grain into its final product. It can take 2 weeks or more to get a full and complete fumigation. The gas has to penetrate through the entire grain mass and into the grain kernels/beans to kill eggs and larva. The active adults outside the kernels are killed relatively quickly. Proper sealing of the hatches is critical to maintain the gas levels in the holds. Often, closed loop recirculation is used to get better, faster results. This method uses perforated tubing and recirculating blowers to keep the air withing the grain in motion to evenly and quickly get the fumigant gas to equilibrium throughout the grain mass. For this method, tubing needs to be installed at the bottom of the hold before the hold it filled with grain and that tube needs to daylight above the final grain level where it will be connected to a blower which will suck the air off the top of the grain mass and force it through the tubing to the bottom. Using the method shown in the video, it will take much longer for the gas to naturally migrate to the bottom of the grain mass and equilibrium may be difficult to achieve, but it still can work effectively. Soybeans aren't nearly as insect friendly as wheat, barley, corn or oats, and the more round shape of the beans allows for faster air movement as well. So for soybeans, recirculation isn't nearly as critical. In the U.S. we wear gas monitors to ensure we aren't endangering our health during the application process. The crew of the ship should also have gas detection equipment to let them know if toxic levels are present. There have been cases where cargo holds had cracks or weren't sealed properly to isolate the hold from the other parts of the ship and crew members lost their lives from phosphine poisoning. Those masks they are wearing do nothing to protect them from phosphine. A full face respirator with a cartridge labeled for phosphine gas is required when gas levels are above 0.3 parts per million(ppm) but not above 15ppm. Above 15ppm requires a self contained breathing apparatus (scba) There must be licensed(at the destination) fumigators to clear the commodity to below 0.3ppm before the product can be released for unloading a processing. Recirulation blowers can speed this process as well by introducing fresh air into the intake and forcing that to the bottom. That's how it's supposed to go. What happens in reality at the destination is up to the local officials there.
This is very informative. I'm from a flour milling industry. So sa cargo palang pala fnfumigate na rin? Currently nammroblema kami dahil ang dami naming infested na trigo. Di kasi namin dndirect yung fumigant sa trigo dahil sa toxic substances nga. Anyway, might do this nalang talaga
@Clarisa Babina, yes ma’am, it’s a part of the requirement when we carry grain cargoes, although maraming type or method ang fumigation pero so far in my past experiences parehas effective lahat.
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
@Paul John, that’s their style so aprobado sa mga designated authorities yan, napapansin ko sa mga tablets na yan ay nagiging powder na after a few days, mostly ganyan kapag sa Iran ang receiver
@@chiefred90 base din sa mga pinanood ko video ng fumigation, nakakita din ako ng isa na ganyan yung ginagawa. Pero bawal kasi yun. Yung sinasabi mong puting powder is still toxic pag once na ma ingest, lalo na at commodity yung nilalagyan nila ng fumigant. Chief question pa po, airtight po ba yung mga pinaglalagyan ng mga commodities?
@Paul John well it’s still being done so malamang may processing sila para matanggal lahat ng toxic sa cargo nila dahil hanggang ngayon ay yan pa din ang style nila kapag Iran ang byahe namin, yes it’s air tight.
@@pauljohnfortuito6496 Hindi naman sya bawal since practice pa rin yan. Pag dating sa milling may process yan para maihiwalay yung dust ng fumigant para hindi mahalo sa product or commodity
@Donald hindi naman po may process naman po yan para safe na sa pagdating sa market, parang mga prutas at gulay at Palay Lang yan na iniisprayhan ng chemical para d masira ng mga peste
Very unprofessional way of doing fumigation. It's never directly applied or spread or inserted in the cargo but should always be applied using cotton bags to curtail the ashes and residues of fumigants which are carcinogenic
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
That is simply not true in any way, shape, or form. The residual dust is aluminum hydroxide, which is a common antacid for upset stomach. It is NOT a carcinogen. While some processors require dust retained fumigation for their specialty products, it is not a food safety issue. Direct application is, by far, the most common application method in the world. The product label is the law. The label allows for direct application to most grain commodities.
The fumigation process will continue while the ship is en route. The application of the fumigant may only take a couple of hours, but it will take the pellets many hours to break down and release the phosphine gas. The pellets react with water vapor in the air(humidity). The higher the humidity or moisture content of the grain, and the warmer the temperature, the faster the reaction will occur. The phosphine levels will continue to build to the target concentration until all the pellets are broken down. They leave behind a gray powder of aluminum hydroxide, which is non toxic and very similar to antacid tablets like Tums. The vast majority of this residual powder is removed by the normal processing of the grain into its final product. It can take 2 weeks or more to get a full and complete fumigation. The gas has to penetrate through the entire grain mass and into the grain kernels/beans to kill eggs and larva. The active adults outside the kernels are killed relatively quickly. Proper sealing of the hatches is critical to maintain the gas levels in the holds. Often, closed loop recirculation is used to get better, faster results. This method uses perforated tubing and recirculating blowers to keep the air withing the grain in motion to evenly and quickly get the fumigant gas to equilibrium throughout the grain mass. For this method, tubing needs to be installed at the bottom of the hold before the hold it filled with grain and that tube needs to daylight above the final grain level where it will be connected to a blower which will suck the air off the top of the grain mass and force it through the tubing to the bottom. Using the method shown in the video, it will take much longer for the gas to naturally migrate to the bottom of the grain mass and equilibrium may be difficult to achieve, but it still can work effectively. Soybeans aren't nearly as insect friendly as wheat, barley, corn or oats, and the more round shape of the beans allows for faster air movement as well. So for soybeans, recirculation isn't nearly as critical. In the U.S. we wear gas monitors to ensure we aren't endangering our health during the application process. The crew of the ship should also have gas detection equipment to let them know if toxic levels are present. There have been cases where cargo holds had cracks or weren't sealed properly to isolate the hold from the other parts of the ship and crew members lost their lives from phosphine poisoning. Those masks they are wearing do nothing to protect them from phosphine. A full face respirator with a cartridge labeled for phosphine gas is required when gas levels are above 0.3 parts per million(ppm) but not above 15ppm. Above 15ppm requires a self contained breathing apparatus (scba) There must be licensed(at the destination) fumigators to clear the commodity to below 0.3ppm before the product can be released for unloading a processing. Recirulation blowers can speed this process as well by introducing fresh air into the intake and forcing that to the bottom. That's how it's supposed to go. What happens in reality at the destination is up to the local officials there.
How does the grain remain safe to eat after being penetrated by a gas toxic enough to kill a human upon inhalation?
Also do you know if grain sold as organic undergoes this same fumigation process?
And thanks for the explanation it was very interesting
@@sardinehydration4056 It leaves no residue but aluminum hydroxide, a common antacid. The phosphine released by the reaction of aluminum phosphide and water vapor is a gas that happens to be poisonous. It's a pretty small molecule that penetrates deep, fast, and well. Like all gases, it diffuses from high concentration to low until equilibrium is reached. Conversely when the container is opened at the end of the fumigation period, the gas absorbed in the grain desorbs to reach equilibrium with ambient air and thus goes away very quickly. Aeration speeds this process exponentially. However, it is important to understand that it is possible to get low reading while aeration is going, close the container too soon while gas is still desorbing and the levels in the container can rise again above safe levels. So you have to be careful. Phosphine gas is poisonous by inhalation, not contact with skin. In the US the gas level of the commodity must be below 0.3ppm before it can be released for road transportation or processing. 0.3ppm is also the Time Weighted Average threshold for work with out respiratory protection. That's 8hr days 40hrs/week. It's safe. It's been the most widely used fumigant in the world for many decades.
Just so there is no confusion, this is a perfectly safe product when used according to the label and applicators manual. Play stupid games, win stupid prizes. Ingestion of the unreacted pellets will probably be fatal, but I'm not a doctor. Copies of the product labels and Safety Data Sheets are readily available online. Laws and regulations may be very different in your part of the world. Follow the label on the product YOU use, labeled for YOUR locality. Follow the label! The label is the law. Common product brand names are Weevil-Cide, Phos-Toxin, Killzall, PH3, Fumitoxin and others. These are all restricted use products that require license and training along with continuing education to legally purchase or apply. Follow the appropriate laws in your locality.
No, organic grains cannot be fumigated with synthetic fumigants like phosphine and retain their organic status. CO2 and Nitrogen have been used, but it is expensive, difficult to get acceptable results, and takes a long time. Heat and Cold treatments are other methods used to kill insects in organic commodities. If those methods worked well and were economical, there would be no need for Alumimum Phosphide, or other fumigants.
Many thanks for your education, 👏
Thank you for explaining this so thoroughly!
You're so welcome!
Thank you for your contribution....I am learning maritime English 😊
hi Reden. Very interesting, now I understand why it was necessary to take a detour around Antalia. - Thank you for adjusting your sound image. Now it is no longer necessary to turn the volume down to the lowest volume. Looking forward to your next Vlog. Jens
@Jens yah now the question have been answered hehe, thank you very much @jens I really appreciate your support.
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
Nice explanation. i'll work with fumigation in the port of são francisco do sul, Brazil. Have you ever been there? So, if yeah, maybe we could meet there. You got a new follower. 🤝
More Vlogs pa chief always support God bless and more subscribers to come
@Joylyn thank you for the support as always. GBU too.
@UC8kFQCtD7vi2eAxp_PMuDAw hi sir. ano po ba kompanya nyo!?
Hi Sir. How remove sludge after fumigation?
This type of fumigation will just turn to powder so there’s no need for any removal operation.
So when discharge the cargo with fumigant powder, it have any issues.
The residual dust that remains is non toxic aluminum hydroxide, which is a common antacid for upset stomach. Regardless, almost all of it is naturally removed when the commodity is processed and moved.
It's informative. 1, Usually how long it takes to complete the fumigation process? 2, Is it a must for fumigation of all kinds of grain shipments? 3, Is fumigation to be performed by the special workers only? Who bears such cost? 4, How can the crews get rid of the poisonous gas from the fumigation? 5, What is the main content of the document concerned for the fumigation? Thanks.
@Concordocean, about 1-2 hours depending on manpower and the fumigation method, yes it’s mandatory to fumigate all types of grains, yes only skilled workers need to perform that, in open area fumigants is not a problem, but if somebody must come near the the cargo hold should wear full face mask,
@@chiefred90 Thank you very much for your information.
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
The fumigation process will continue while the ship is en route. The application of the fumigant may only take a couple of hours, but it will take the pellets many hours to break down and release the phosphine gas. The pellets react with water vapor in the air(humidity). The higher the humidity or moisture content of the grain, and the warmer the temperature, the faster the reaction will occur. The phosphine levels will continue to build to the target concentration until all the pellets are broken down. They leave behind a gray powder of aluminum hydroxide, which is non toxic and very similar to antacid tablets like Tums. The vast majority of this residual powder is removed by the normal processing of the grain into its final product. It can take 2 weeks or more to get a full and complete fumigation. The gas has to penetrate through the entire grain mass and into the grain kernels/beans to kill eggs and larva. The active adults outside the kernels are killed relatively quickly. Proper sealing of the hatches is critical to maintain the gas levels in the holds. Often, closed loop recirculation is used to get better, faster results. This method uses perforated tubing and recirculating blowers to keep the air withing the grain in motion to evenly and quickly get the fumigant gas to equilibrium throughout the grain mass. For this method, tubing needs to be installed at the bottom of the hold before the hold it filled with grain and that tube needs to daylight above the final grain level where it will be connected to a blower which will suck the air off the top of the grain mass and force it through the tubing to the bottom. Using the method shown in the video, it will take much longer for the gas to naturally migrate to the bottom of the grain mass and equilibrium may be difficult to achieve, but it still can work effectively. Soybeans aren't nearly as insect friendly as wheat, barley, corn or oats, and the more round shape of the beans allows for faster air movement as well. So for soybeans, recirculation isn't nearly as critical. In the U.S. we wear gas monitors to ensure we aren't endangering our health during the application process. The crew of the ship should also have gas detection equipment to let them know if toxic levels are present. There have been cases where cargo holds had cracks or weren't sealed properly to isolate the hold from the other parts of the ship and crew members lost their lives from phosphine poisoning. Those masks they are wearing do nothing to protect them from phosphine. A full face respirator with a cartridge labeled for phosphine gas is required when gas levels are above 0.3 parts per million(ppm) but not above 15ppm. Above 15ppm requires a self contained breathing apparatus (scba) There must be licensed(at the destination) fumigators to clear the commodity to below 0.3ppm before the product can be released for unloading a processing. Recirulation blowers can speed this process as well by introducing fresh air into the intake and forcing that to the bottom. That's how it's supposed to go. What happens in reality at the destination is up to the local officials there.
@@mikemorgan5015 Thanks a lot for the details.
Keep safe sir....
@Miles hyacinth thank you po
@@chiefred90 yw po sir..
This is very informative. I'm from a flour milling industry. So sa cargo palang pala fnfumigate na rin? Currently nammroblema kami dahil ang dami naming infested na trigo. Di kasi namin dndirect yung fumigant sa trigo dahil sa toxic substances nga. Anyway, might do this nalang talaga
@Clarisa Babina, yes ma’am, it’s a part of the requirement when we carry grain cargoes, although maraming type or method ang fumigation pero so far in my past experiences parehas effective lahat.
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
Dapat Chief hindi hinahalo ang fumigant sa commodities. Ekis yan.
@Paul John, that’s their style so aprobado sa mga designated authorities yan, napapansin ko sa mga tablets na yan ay nagiging powder na after a few days, mostly ganyan kapag sa Iran ang receiver
@@chiefred90 base din sa mga pinanood ko video ng fumigation, nakakita din ako ng isa na ganyan yung ginagawa. Pero bawal kasi yun. Yung sinasabi mong puting powder is still toxic pag once na ma ingest, lalo na at commodity yung nilalagyan nila ng fumigant. Chief question pa po, airtight po ba yung mga pinaglalagyan ng mga commodities?
@Paul John well it’s still being done so malamang may processing sila para matanggal lahat ng toxic sa cargo nila dahil hanggang ngayon ay yan pa din ang style nila kapag Iran ang byahe namin, yes it’s air tight.
@@pauljohnfortuito6496 Hindi naman sya bawal since practice pa rin yan. Pag dating sa milling may process yan para maihiwalay yung dust ng fumigant para hindi mahalo sa product or commodity
hi sir. ano po ba kompanya nyo!?
@Rhys carl Michaelmar ako ngayon palipat lipat din lalot pandemic kung san mauuna
@@chiefred90 okok po sir
Buti Hindi malason Ang Tao pag kumakain sa grain foods,may chemical fumigants Pala yan !!!
@Donald hindi naman po may process naman po yan para safe na sa pagdating sa market, parang mga prutas at gulay at Palay Lang yan na iniisprayhan ng chemical para d masira ng mga peste
Very unprofessional way of doing fumigation. It's never directly applied or spread or inserted in the cargo but should always be applied using cotton bags to curtail the ashes and residues of fumigants which are carcinogenic
Check out the Container Fumigation Process for Rice Exporting in 20' Container at www.youtube.com/@dloiexports. Take the time out to subscribe for more updates on Exporting
That is simply not true in any way, shape, or form. The residual dust is aluminum hydroxide, which is a common antacid for upset stomach. It is NOT a carcinogen. While some processors require dust retained fumigation for their specialty products, it is not a food safety issue. Direct application is, by far, the most common application method in the world. The product label is the law. The label allows for direct application to most grain commodities.