Support the awesome Dr. Cline at the links above in the video description! Support the channel below! Check out our new store! teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your SEA PEOPLES Mediterranean Tour Shirt Today! teespring.com/sea-peoples-mediterranean-tour Hittite Coffee Mug: teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Dislaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community! Facebook Page: facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/
Say, in his "1177" book presentation Dr. Cline mentioned that he planned a sequel "Phœnix". Do you know whether he already published that (the presentation being from 2016), and under which title?
How do keep getting such incredible scholars on your channel, especially with only 75k subscribers? Not sure how you do it, but keep up the great work! Thanks to Dr. Cline, as well, for trying to educate us history enthusiasts.
Thanks Nick, we always love to hear from Dr. Cline. Thanks, Doc for the update! I’m going to order the Audible book right away, I’m almost (sadly) done with 1177. You and Nick, and others, have done so much to make ancient history and archaeology more accessible to the general public. It was my second most-desired career, but geology won out in the end and I had a wonderful, if too-short (because of injury) career as a geologist. The good things go by so fast, like Nick’s vids and the Doc’s books!
Your comment has truly made my day great in this dark and stormy Oklahoma weather! Thank you for your kind words of support and thank you for supporting Dr. Cline!
Hello SAMA and Dr. Eric Cline. Just wanted to let you two know that today, August 10, 2021, my feature Microsoft backdrop on start-up was a picture of the Mycenean-looking gates of fallen Hatusa. It directly linked the photo to the fall of the Bronze Age. Congratulations, you are making a cultural impact. Good work and keep it up!
could the Phoenicians have engaged in shipping around the Mediterranean sea before the Bronze age collapse? might the sea peoples have hijacked or somehow used Phoenician shipping in assaults on Greece, Asia Minor, Levant and Egypt?
I have Dr. Cline's book "1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Fell Collapsed," and I *love* it! 😍 I liked it so much that I tried to look into the series "Turning Points in Ancient History," but at that time I didn't see any other books in this series. 😩 UPDATE: THERE'S ANOTHER BOOK COMING OUT IN THIS SERIES!!! 😄🎉🎊
Other than civilizations being raided by that 1 feared and described neighbor enemy, the "sea people" are so fascinating to me because they came down from every corner of the known world at that time, which instills awe. The distances they travelled are so vast. The event or events triggering that kind of mass movement had to be something we today have no experience with.
Not sure when this was done, but I'm surprised Dr Cline doesn't mention that is now widely accepted among specialists that the once mighty city of Hattusa, capital of the Hittite Empire, was abandoned before it could be conquered (abandoned at least by those with the mobility to do so). So there likely wasn't much left when it was finally destroyed by fire.
There were two migratory waves of Sea Peoples in Canaan. The first one took place at the age of Pharaoh Merneptah (late 13th century BC) and the most numerous immigrants in this wave were the so-called “Ekwesh” (i.e. the Achaeans from Mycenaean Greece and Crete), who mainly settled in the Carmel Coast, at the archaeological sites of Tel Nami and Tel Zeror. In the second wave, dated to the age of Ramesses III (early 12th century BC), the most numerous immigrants were, instead, the so-called “Peleset”, who settled in several areas in Canaan (also including the Carmel Coast). Both groups of Sea Peoples may have mixed to constitute the Philistine people mentioned in the Bible, and they also mixed with the Canaanite population who lived there from earlier times. In the biblical texts, the Philistines are usually named “Pelishtim”, but sometimes they are also called “Kaphtorim” (or “sons of Kaphtor”) and “Anakim” (or “sons of Anak”). These denominations show clearly that ethnic mixture, seeing that Kaphtor was the island of Crete (inhabited by the Achaeans in the Late Bronze Age) and Anak or Anaku was a region of southern Anatolia cited in Akkadian sources of the 3rd millennium BC (in the annals of King Sargon of Akkad) together with Kaptara or Kaphtor. The Akkadian term “anaku” means “tin” and a mine of tin, located in the Taurus Mountains (in the area of Kestel and Bolkardag) was really used in the 3rd millennium BC, according to the archaeological research carried out at this site by A. Yener. Therefore, the original homeland of the “Peleset” was probably located in southeastern Anatolia, close to the island of Cyprus. This fact explains the Anatolian and Cypriot traits detected in the Philistine culture, which were mixed with other cultural traits that are more related to the Mycenaeans and Canaanites. On the first migratory wave of Sea Peoples , see www.academia.edu/44859817/The_First_Wave_of_Sea_Peoples
So called Peleset were Pelasgians(Pëllazgët) and were not so called but called by barbarians any name under the sun to belittle them especially the Greeks and they came way before the Greeks in the Balkans.
That's a good commentary but you should not be so surprised because studies are seldom so all-encompasing. Should they be? Maybe but in practice they tend to limit somewhat their approaches to this or that (or maybe this and that but not that other possible approach).
once again the "links below" does not provide the free/open access link to the research paper on the Ashkelon DNA Research Paper cited at 6:09. Nick, this sort of thing should be s.o.p for you. If a link is referenced in your presentation, it ‘should’ be in the Links Below section. Instead, we get tons of links for everything but. All else - 👍👌✌️🇺🇸
Shit Cline's a good get. If you start having more people like this and less Bible thumpers claiming that angels wiping out Assyria IS A HISTORICAL EVENT then I might start watching this channel regularly again
In the medical world, we usually start with oral history. Then physical exam. We generally have an idea of the diagnosis at this point. We order labs to confirm the Dx. It strikes me that the medical heuristic can be compared to Archeology. Humanities, reading tablets, Bible, etc. is like the oral history of the disease. Digging is like the physical exam. Then labs, DNA evidence, analysis of sediments or pollen, can confirm the theory. It’s interesting that Dr. Cline calls the lab work Science, sort of implying that literature and digging are not science. In medicine, the whole process starting with oral history is considered science. Actually a lot of my teachers told me history taking is the most important part.
I'd lose my mind to see Dr. Cline do a course for 'The Great Courses' that covered the Bronze Age Collapse, as per his book, but also what his next book will cover after the BAC... They would be two mighty, and welcome, halves of a course! 👊😝✌️ Somebody should suggest this to him... (cough, cough... Nick!)... Lol
Oddly enough the Bible gives very specific details that are clues to the Origins of the Philistines; specifically in the story of David and Goliath. How many Semitic/Levantine Cultures used Champions in Panoply to settle matters of Warfare? Answer: None. Who did practice this Custom? Answer: Greeks, Mycenaeans you know all the folks mentioned in the Iliad.
There's no way it took ten years to take a small city like Troy but it is possible that a war took place over a ten year period between the Hittites and a Greek coalition. This war could have led to the downfall of both the Greek city states and the Hittites, which in turn could have led to thousands of displaced leaderless uneducated peasants forming bands and going off raiding. I honestly can't believe the Philistines came from anywhere like Spain but could easily believe they were displaced Greeks, Luwians etc.
@@trevorhunton7526 remember the story also says they warred all over raiding other Cities, and Temples. I think you're right; it's a condensed version of events.
@@trevorhunton7526 you don't understand Warfare do you? Kings wish for wealth and power, but the common man wishes for Land and space to grow. While Coastal towns are easy targets, the Wealth of a Nation is within the interior. The major transport routes were overland, and cutting those off reduces the chance of intervention by Local Military Powers as well as providing easy pickings from Merchant caravans. This was not Revolution or rebellion this was expansion, and dominance.
So this about DNA of sea peoples coming from Western Mediterreanean or even the Atlantic Facade is soo fascinating. I'm from A Coruña, NW Spain, and there is talk of a hugely important Celtic port and hillfort (Cabo Cociñadoiro) under the concrete of the new External Cargo Port of the city in some terribly fishy events. Some items were saved after the excavation, and were poorly stored in a event hall (Coliseum) and were flooded, but if I remmember correctly, there were Greek anforas, Bronze methalurgic factories and more. As the hillfort was not connected to agricultural labour, and had so much bronze smelting factories, it seems to have been a very important bronze age port, and it got richer as the iron age began. Also, there are a lot of ancient tin mines in the surrounding area.
As Nick has just indicated, the revised and updated edition of 1177 BC will be published in a few months, on 2 February 2021. It includes all of the data discussed here and more, including a revised Preface and a revised Epilogue, discussions of what might have caused the mega-drought to begin, and why there is no evidence yet for a pandemic accompanying all of the other calamities at that time. Here is the link on Amazon: www.amazon.com/1177-B-C-Civilization-Collapsed-Revised/dp/0691208018/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=eric+cline%2C+1177+bc+the+year+civilization+collapsed%2C+revised&qid=1603660624&sr=8-1
I have a question bothering me. It may be stupid with the answer right in my face, but I am missing something, and must ask. You can assume I know the basics of the Bronze Age Collaspe: civilizations falling apart then disappear. Or do they "disappear"? Oh! That's a different question. I know the "Sea Peoples" have been held responsible, but that is no longer the whole story. So, ok. By whenever, the Egyptians are on to them and are lying in wait in the reeds. Masterfully, the Egyptians overtake their would-be invaders and are spared the decimation affecting the others (save Assyria to some degree). Were there no other people on the sea to see what was going on? No pirate patrols, merchants? Other kings wrote letters to Egypt that were never sent, as we know, Does this preclude other communiqués that may have reached the Pharoh? But, most strikingly, to me, is the fact that the Egyptians caught many of the Sea Peoples. They named their ethnicities, wrote the story, drew pictures of the prisoners. They went on to displace the Palashet to Canaan and others used as slaves, then eventually integrated into Egyptian society. The sea raiders were coming lock, stock and barrel: wives, children, animals, furniture onboard. After all this familiarty and, I assume, communication, why didn't the Egyptians ask: what were you doing before your got here; did you destroy Troy, Hattusa, Mycennae, Babylon? Were you in a place that was invaded or suffered some other disaster? How did you all get together? What was your intention? Were you running away from someone? Also, since all these civilizations were in constant communication through trade, would they all not have been aware of whatever hard times might have befallen one of them? In short, my questions is: Why didn't the Egyptians get (or record) any of this information that could have been provided by the Sea Peoples they captured. Thank you to anyone who can shed light on my bewildered mind.
Short answer: we don't know. Longer answer; they might very well have done so. We haven't found everything the Egyptians recorded, which is smaller than the body of information they knew. The overall information throughout the Near East in that period is very scattered and fragmentary in terms of the letters we've found, inscriptions, etc. They also wouldn't have cared as much about those types of questions as they did about the impact on Egypt of the events. But I would put most of it down simply to the scarcity of such written accounts. There just isn't enough left to know.
@@strategicsage7694 Thank you for your response. 🎇 It does still bother me that it was such a significant time & event, & there is such a gaping missing piece. Egyptians were dramatically affected by it all. They prepared their defense, won it & recorded what they did. Thereafter they were alone in the world, pretty much. Lots of time to expand on the event. I appreciate your suggestion, though. Do you know any big archaeologists we can ask? 🤔. 📔 ⚒️ Eric Cline? Paul Cooper? How can I reach them? ❓✍️🧐☎️ Thank you. 🌈🏵️🌴
@@morganamarvel7075 I don't have any special priviledges or way to get ahold of people like that. I would say that this is like many other aspects of history, I don't think it's particularly unique in terms of being an important event that we don't know a lot about. So I guess you need to be bothered by a lot of things? It's just kind of how ancient history is in general IMO, but particularly so in a time when most of the centers of society were destroyed. I do know that Eric Cline has said on a number of occasions (and others have as well) that we don't know where most of the Sea Peoples came from. I doubt you will get a much different answer from them on the way - they know more I'm sure and could give a more nuanced version of basically the same thing, but if more was known I think it would be something people would have already published and made common knowledge.
@@strategicsage7694 I understand. I'm not saying you're not giving a good answer, I just like to pick brains. I think I'm asking decent questions, too. You know the letters they found, that didn't get sent. One king saying the naval force was in danger, another saying people were starving. The collapse happened over a few years, so.... Just saying. We are fortunate to know what we know, considering how recent things have been uncovered & -- the stumbling over the Rosetta Stone. OMG! How will people in the future know about us & our digital delerium? Will it endure? Will it be readable? Sorry to digress. Inquiring minds need to know. 😯🥴 Thanx. 🙏
It will be interesting when the tectonic/ geologic evidence is combined with the sedimentary and astrophysical evidence with respect to the precession of the planetary spin, that causes changing climatic conditions. The scientific evidence should then support the cultural indications regarding migratory and social upheavals that led to the collapse of that economy.
The Late Bronze age collapse was most probably caused by polities becoming too large and inevitably increasingly militarised. This could explain why the first to emerge from the Collapse, the Greeks, avoided the danger of militarised imperialism by setting up city states. It was a rule of thumb that no Greek city state should contain more than 20 000 inhabitants. (Athens grew to more than 150 000 inhabitants, which drew the unwelcome attention of Persia). There were eventually at least a thousand city states. They discovered the "right of citizens to bear arms" and thus avoided a military class that could dominate the polity and carry out military coups. The USA with its ludicrous "right to bear arms" (and shoot senetors in the ass -- like Dick Cheney) alongside the most powerful and dangerous military the world has seen doesn't seem to get it right. Empires became increasingly militarised, which led to their downfall. The Romans did not follow the Greek example and created another militarised empire which, after the simpleton emperor, Commodus, went into slow decline and finally collapsede in 476AD -- the Second Collapse of Civilisation. Followed by the Dark Age that lasted until circa 1450. Unless we curb the power of military empires, we may be heading for a Third Collapse. Even the Chinese under Xi Jinping are wise enough to keep their armies at home and rather concentrae on trade and Belt and Road. Under Gorbachev, the Soviet Empire withdrew its armies and had the grace to collapse. The EU shows little taste for military adventures and concentrates on trade. Hopefully the fall of Donald Duck will lead to a safer world. If Joe ... erm .. you know who I mean could ... could keep his drones at home, we might look forward to a safer future. But I'm not too hopeful ...
@@Gustav_Kuriga Yeah, I know ... they're greengrocers... But at the time -- the post-Collapse era -- the world was a very different place and in that context surely different criteria apply. Compare them with the Romans with their flawed emperors and their doomed empire leading inevitably to the second great collapse [as we rush headlong into the coming third collapse] Humans never learn.
@@Skyscraper44able I agree with much of your sentiment regarding modern viewpoints, but in the Ancient World things are different. The very "strengths" you give for the Greek system are the very things that Rome used to conquer them. Being squabbling city-states is all fine and dandy when either there are no major powers looking at you or you are able to come together to face the larger foe. But when that larger entity uses your own division against you to divide and conquer, as well as taking advantage of their larger resource pool to just plain beat you in manpower and quality, then the smaller less-militarized entities are a hindrance, not a positive.
Bring the states into this and you see a strong patriotic individuals become dumb as dog shit, Example voting for trump. The Irish potato famine looks more likely what happened. something like a bad disease in the food and there done. Maybe they all got cancer eating lead. But a 300 year drought? You would pack up and leave. Right? Fathers can’t feed there children so they move. Not stay if it smell like death and you were done eating all the live stock and human bodies.
Iberians and Tartessians. There was a long lived civilization (proto-Tartessian?) in Lisbon Peninsula that lasted until c. 1100 BCE, when a (likely) tsunami silted the 10km canal joining the poorly excavated capital to the Ocean. Rings a bell? There was earlier another civilization in the SE but had been destroyed very much LBA style, with burning of its main cities, c. 1300 BCE, some say it was Hercules asking for directions to the Hesperian apples, but maybe it was the Celts (or Italo-Celts), which also arrived to NE Iberia around that date. Most of their secondary cities survived and would eventually become into the Iberian civilization (Iron Age, historical). We know these were genetically almost identical to modern Basques (linguistic affiliation is also quite certain, as happens with pre-Roman Sardinia).
@A - Yes, El Argar. But they were somehow destroyed before the LBA as far as I know. It could have been the Greeks (with whom they were in intense cultural relations), it could have been the newly arrived Celts, it could have been the possibly rival VNSP civilization of Portugal, it could have been "a revolution" (some have argued), it could have been the Sherden, clearly also related... we don't know for sure. The whole civilization was not destroyed, it lingered as "Post-Argaric culture" with many apparently independent smaller city-states that would later coalesce into the Iberian culture, but the main cities were destroyed.
After decades of drought, city economies were destroyed, and armies were disbanded or downsized because of lack of tax revenues. And with destroyed economies, the merchant marines had nothing to trade, and so they turn to piracy, of both shipping and coastal villages. Captains of ships or boats are natural leaders, and the more successful of them would organize a fleet of ships, which have to be supported by plundering seaports and later, inland cities. And since the armies were disbanded or depleted, the cities were easy pickings. After there was nothing left to plunder, merchant marines were forced to settle and farm.
In financial trading... that part of a W where it returns and everything seems back to normal is called "Returning to the scene of the crime".. Thats where they threw in this case the climate off the cliff. It comes back up to that area again, now I guess in climatic terms, whatever pressures were there that got stuck will release or unload cause that other downturn in a W.. now with those residual pressures removed.. once the recovery starts going back up again there is no resistance to climate getting better than it was even before.
22 Then came the Festival of Dedication at Jerusalem. It was winter, 23 and Jesus was in the temple courts walking in Solomon’s Colonnade. 24 The Jews who were there gathered around him, saying, “How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly.” 25 Jesus answered, “I did tell you, but you do not believe. The works I do in my Father’s name testify about me, 26 but you do not believe because you are not my sheep. 27 My sheep listen to my voice; I know them, and they follow me. 28 I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; no one will snatch them out of my hand. 29 My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all; no one can snatch them out of my Father’s hand. 30 I and the Father are one.” 31 Again his Jewish opponents picked up stones to stone him, 32 but Jesus said to them, “I have shown you many good works from the Father. For which of these do you stone me?” 33 “We are not stoning you for any good work,” they replied, “but for blasphemy, because you, a mere man, claim to be God.” 34 Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your Law, ‘I have said you are “gods”’? 35 If he called them ‘gods,’ to whom the word of God came-and Scripture cannot be set aside- 36 what about the one whom the Father set apart as his very own and sent into the world? Why then do you accuse me of blasphemy because I said, ‘I am God’s Son’? 37 Do not believe me unless I do the works of my Father. 38 But if I do them, even though you do not believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me, and I in the Father.” 39 Again they tried to seize him, but he escaped their grasp. John 10:22-39
Spain? If you push harder, you can link them to Brits, doc. Maybe in your next book. What a bullshit! They were luvians and lived in agean islands and minor Asia.
The Philistines, Judaeans, Hebrews, Canaanites, Phoenicians , Egyptians, Anatolians and other black group of the ancient period left lots of statues and assorted works of art depicting themselves, but modern historians, especially the so-called "Peer Review Experts", are determined to never show us the true and unadulterated images of the black people whose histories we continually hear in lectures such the one presented in Dr. Eric Cline's video.
Iberia had all sizes of people, many Celts too, indeed. In the 60’s a cemetery of ‘giants’ was discovered outside a little town in Almería province, on a hillside (people built towns on hilltops for better defense), and the skeletons were about 7 and 9 feet tall. Guess what? The Smithsonian people came in military helicopters and trucks and bought all the skeletons “to study them”, giving the money to the little town much needed of cash. What happened next? Nothing! The skeletons “disappeared” like many other giant skeletons taken by Smithsonian Institute in other parts of the world. The Smithsonian people and other “scientists” are interested in keeping the official truth-lie of evolution, and anything that gets in the way they cover it up. Because ... how small little monkeys evolved into giants? “Only God knows” and maybe rightly so. Hahahaha
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Say, in his "1177" book presentation Dr. Cline mentioned that he planned a sequel "Phœnix". Do you know whether he already published that (the presentation being from 2016), and under which title?
How is Nick? I'm worried about him.
Please give him my regards & best wishes. 🙏💐💫🍎
How do keep getting such incredible scholars on your channel, especially with only 75k subscribers? Not sure how you do it, but keep up the great work! Thanks to Dr. Cline, as well, for trying to educate us history enthusiasts.
Nick has produced a healthy supply of Bronze with which he bribes said Scholars.
I expect he just asks politely and these researchers are happy to discuss their work.
That’s 75k tuning in to hear about ancient history, I think that’s an awesome turn out for the material(it’s not for everyone)
Dr Cline is like the Elvis of the Bronze Age Collapse. Obviously without the shooting Cadillacs and the Hamburger, toilet thing.
Well, to be fair, archaeologists are often known to take pot shots in the dark, lol.
@@meilinchan7314 LOL Is archaeology humour always this dry?
@@meilinchan7314 wins with the best archeologist joke I’ve seen so far.
@@meilinchan7314So he’s more Iggy Pop than Elvis. 😆
One of Nick's best.
The enthusiasm shines.
Thanks Nick, we always love to hear from Dr. Cline. Thanks, Doc for the update! I’m going to order the Audible book right away, I’m almost (sadly) done with 1177. You and Nick, and others, have done so much to make ancient history and archaeology more accessible to the general public. It was my second most-desired career, but geology won out in the end and I had a wonderful, if too-short (because of injury) career as a geologist. The good things go by so fast, like Nick’s vids and the Doc’s books!
Your comment has truly made my day great in this dark and stormy Oklahoma weather! Thank you for your kind words of support and thank you for supporting Dr. Cline!
The Denyan, Peleset, Shekelesh, Tjeker, and Weshesh disliked this video
Hello SAMA and Dr. Eric Cline. Just wanted to let you two know that today, August 10, 2021, my feature Microsoft backdrop on start-up was a picture of the Mycenean-looking gates of fallen Hatusa. It directly linked the photo to the fall of the Bronze Age.
Congratulations, you are making a cultural impact. Good work and keep it up!
This was excellent, thank you!
This is my most loved video series. It lead me to buy Dr. Cline's book 1177 BC and I loved it too.
Miss you Nick❤
Dr. Cline. Great book. Thanks for the updates.
could the Phoenicians have engaged in shipping around the Mediterranean sea before the Bronze age collapse? might the sea peoples have hijacked or somehow used Phoenician shipping in assaults on Greece, Asia Minor, Levant and Egypt?
Such a tragedy Nick Barksdale is no longer with us. So enjoyed his unique SAMA channel. Rest in Peace, King Enlightened Enlightening Soul!
I have Dr. Cline's book "1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Fell Collapsed," and I *love* it! 😍 I liked it so much that I tried to look into the series "Turning Points in Ancient History," but at that time I didn't see any other books in this series. 😩
UPDATE: THERE'S ANOTHER BOOK COMING OUT IN THIS SERIES!!! 😄🎉🎊
There are two other books in the series - they are all published by Princeton University Press
SPAIN ! .. Iberian Pirates ended up in the Levant as new settlers ..WOW!
So essentially Jews just migrating back to the Middle East
@@zachariahmccoy1301 the fact that a religion is considered a race says a lot about disgusting nature of Judaism
I'm newly on medical leave from work. LOTS of free time! I'll grab that audiobook for sure. :D
Other than civilizations being raided by that 1 feared and described neighbor enemy, the "sea people" are so fascinating to me because they came down from every corner of the known world at that time, which instills awe. The distances they travelled are so vast.
The event or events triggering that kind of mass movement had to be something we today have no experience with.
Thank you for your efforts. They are really appreciated
Great stuff! Thanks
Glad you liked it!
Short but very informative.
Think you could get a short interview with the brilliant Australian Hittite specialist, Dr Trevor Bryce?
Not sure when this was done, but I'm surprised Dr Cline doesn't mention that is now widely accepted among specialists that the once mighty city of Hattusa, capital of the Hittite Empire, was abandoned before it could be conquered (abandoned at least by those with the mobility to do so). So there likely wasn't much left when it was finally destroyed by fire.
There were two migratory waves of Sea Peoples in Canaan. The first one took place at the age of Pharaoh Merneptah (late 13th century BC) and the most numerous immigrants in this wave were the so-called “Ekwesh” (i.e. the Achaeans from Mycenaean Greece and Crete), who mainly settled in the Carmel Coast, at the archaeological sites of Tel Nami and Tel Zeror. In the second wave, dated to the age of Ramesses III (early 12th century BC), the most numerous immigrants were, instead, the so-called “Peleset”, who settled in several areas in Canaan (also including the Carmel Coast). Both groups of Sea Peoples may have mixed to constitute the Philistine people mentioned in the Bible, and they also mixed with the Canaanite population who lived there from earlier times.
In the biblical texts, the Philistines are usually named “Pelishtim”, but sometimes they are also called “Kaphtorim” (or “sons of Kaphtor”) and “Anakim” (or “sons of Anak”). These denominations show clearly that ethnic mixture, seeing that Kaphtor was the island of Crete (inhabited by the Achaeans in the Late Bronze Age) and Anak or Anaku was a region of southern Anatolia cited in Akkadian sources of the 3rd millennium BC (in the annals of King Sargon of Akkad) together with Kaptara or Kaphtor. The Akkadian term “anaku” means “tin” and a mine of tin, located in the Taurus Mountains (in the area of Kestel and Bolkardag) was really used in the 3rd millennium BC, according to the archaeological research carried out at this site by A. Yener. Therefore, the original homeland of the “Peleset” was probably located in southeastern Anatolia, close to the island of Cyprus. This fact explains the Anatolian and Cypriot traits detected in the Philistine culture, which were mixed with other cultural traits that are more related to the Mycenaeans and Canaanites.
On the first migratory wave of Sea Peoples , see www.academia.edu/44859817/The_First_Wave_of_Sea_Peoples
So called Peleset were Pelasgians(Pëllazgët) and were not so called but called by barbarians any name under the sun to belittle them especially the Greeks and they came way before the Greeks in the Balkans.
Great study😊😊😊
Loved his book, this was a great update
When DNA came up but wasn't conclusive as to origin, I was surprised there was no mention of any strontium test on the teeth ...
That's a good commentary but you should not be so surprised because studies are seldom so all-encompasing. Should they be? Maybe but in practice they tend to limit somewhat their approaches to this or that (or maybe this and that but not that other possible approach).
@@LuisAldamiz What are you trying to say?
@@marshalljohnson7690 - That the ideal all-encompassing research seldom happens, nothing else.
once again the "links below" does not provide the free/open access link to the research paper on the Ashkelon DNA Research Paper cited at 6:09. Nick, this sort of thing should be s.o.p for you. If a link is referenced in your presentation, it ‘should’ be in the Links Below section. Instead, we get tons of links for everything but. All else - 👍👌✌️🇺🇸
Shit Cline's a good get. If you start having more people like this and less Bible thumpers claiming that angels wiping out Assyria IS A HISTORICAL EVENT then I might start watching this channel regularly again
In the medical world, we usually start with oral history. Then physical exam. We generally have an idea of the diagnosis at this point. We order labs to confirm the Dx.
It strikes me that the medical heuristic can be compared to Archeology. Humanities, reading tablets, Bible, etc. is like the oral history of the disease. Digging is like the physical exam. Then labs, DNA evidence, analysis of sediments or pollen, can confirm the theory.
It’s interesting that Dr. Cline calls the lab work Science, sort of implying that literature and digging are not science. In medicine, the whole process starting with oral history is considered science. Actually a lot of my teachers told me history taking is the most important part.
I'd lose my mind to see Dr. Cline do a course for 'The Great Courses' that covered the Bronze Age Collapse, as per his book, but also what his next book will cover after the BAC... They would be two mighty, and welcome, halves of a course! 👊😝✌️
Somebody should suggest this to him... (cough, cough... Nick!)... Lol
Oddly enough the Bible gives very specific details that are clues to the Origins of the Philistines; specifically in the story of David and Goliath. How many Semitic/Levantine Cultures used Champions in Panoply to settle matters of Warfare? Answer: None. Who did practice this Custom? Answer: Greeks, Mycenaeans you know all the folks mentioned in the Iliad.
There's no way it took ten years to take a small city like Troy but it is possible that a war took place over a ten year period between the Hittites and a Greek coalition. This war could have led to the downfall of both the Greek city states and the Hittites, which in turn could have led to thousands of displaced leaderless uneducated peasants forming bands and going off raiding. I honestly can't believe the Philistines came from anywhere like Spain but could easily believe they were displaced Greeks, Luwians etc.
@@trevorhunton7526 remember the story also says they warred all over raiding other Cities, and Temples. I think you're right; it's a condensed version of events.
@@jameswells554 peasants revolt. The folks from the sea wouldn't have raided far in land.
@@trevorhunton7526 you don't understand Warfare do you? Kings wish for wealth and power, but the common man wishes for Land and space to grow. While Coastal towns are easy targets, the Wealth of a Nation is within the interior. The major transport routes were overland, and cutting those off reduces the chance of intervention by Local Military Powers as well as providing easy pickings from Merchant caravans. This was not Revolution or rebellion this was expansion, and dominance.
@@jameswells554 The Sea Peoples were exactly that, peoples. I've yet to see anything that suggest that they were one group acting in concert.
this is dope, thank you!
Was the drought only in the East Mediterranean area or in the West (Italy, Spain, the Maghreb etc.) too?
For a rundown on DNA check out this video by Seth: ruclips.net/video/W3yCbNb9x_o/видео.html
why didnt i get a notification abt this video?
So this about DNA of sea peoples coming from Western Mediterreanean or even the Atlantic Facade is soo fascinating. I'm from A Coruña, NW Spain, and there is talk of a hugely important Celtic port and hillfort (Cabo Cociñadoiro) under the concrete of the new External Cargo Port of the city in some terribly fishy events. Some items were saved after the excavation, and were poorly stored in a event hall (Coliseum) and were flooded, but if I remmember correctly, there were Greek anforas, Bronze methalurgic factories and more. As the hillfort was not connected to agricultural labour, and had so much bronze smelting factories, it seems to have been a very important bronze age port, and it got richer as the iron age began. Also, there are a lot of ancient tin mines in the surrounding area.
Great outro music 👍
When is the new 1177 coming?
2020 was it.
2021!
As Nick has just indicated, the revised and updated edition of 1177 BC will be published in a few months, on 2 February 2021. It includes all of the data discussed here and more, including a revised Preface and a revised Epilogue, discussions of what might have caused the mega-drought to begin, and why there is no evidence yet for a pandemic accompanying all of the other calamities at that time. Here is the link on Amazon: www.amazon.com/1177-B-C-Civilization-Collapsed-Revised/dp/0691208018/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=eric+cline%2C+1177+bc+the+year+civilization+collapsed%2C+revised&qid=1603660624&sr=8-1
@@digkabri Sometimes Audible purchasers can get free updates or low-cost.
“Combining Science with The Humanities”? 😅Ok. I’m all for it!
Nice one!
Thank you! Cheers!
I have a question bothering me. It may be stupid with the answer right in my face, but I am missing something, and must ask.
You can assume I know the basics of the Bronze Age Collaspe: civilizations falling apart then disappear. Or do they "disappear"? Oh! That's a different question.
I know the "Sea Peoples" have been held responsible, but that is no longer the whole story.
So, ok. By whenever, the Egyptians are on to them and are lying in wait in the reeds.
Masterfully, the Egyptians overtake their would-be invaders and are spared the decimation affecting the others (save Assyria to some degree).
Were there no other people on the sea to see what was going on? No pirate patrols, merchants?
Other kings wrote letters to Egypt that were never sent, as we know, Does this preclude other communiqués that may have reached the Pharoh?
But, most strikingly, to me, is the fact that the Egyptians caught many of the Sea Peoples. They named their ethnicities, wrote the story, drew pictures of the prisoners. They went on to displace the Palashet to Canaan and others used as slaves, then eventually integrated into Egyptian society. The sea raiders were coming lock, stock and barrel: wives, children, animals, furniture onboard.
After all this familiarty and, I assume, communication, why didn't the Egyptians ask: what were you doing before your got here; did you destroy Troy, Hattusa, Mycennae, Babylon? Were you in a place that was invaded or suffered some other disaster? How did you all get together? What was your intention? Were you running away from someone?
Also, since all these civilizations were in constant communication through trade, would they all not have been aware of whatever hard times might have befallen one of them?
In short, my questions is: Why didn't the Egyptians get (or record) any of this information that could have been provided by the Sea Peoples they captured.
Thank you to anyone who can shed light on my bewildered mind.
Short answer: we don't know. Longer answer; they might very well have done so. We haven't found everything the Egyptians recorded, which is smaller than the body of information they knew. The overall information throughout the Near East in that period is very scattered and fragmentary in terms of the letters we've found, inscriptions, etc. They also wouldn't have cared as much about those types of questions as they did about the impact on Egypt of the events. But I would put most of it down simply to the scarcity of such written accounts. There just isn't enough left to know.
@@strategicsage7694 Thank you for your response. 🎇
It does still bother me that it was such a significant time & event,
& there is such a gaping missing piece.
Egyptians were dramatically affected by it all.
They prepared their defense, won it & recorded what they did.
Thereafter they were alone in the world, pretty much.
Lots of time to expand on the event.
I appreciate your suggestion, though.
Do you know any big archaeologists we can ask? 🤔. 📔 ⚒️
Eric Cline? Paul Cooper? How can I reach them? ❓✍️🧐☎️
Thank you. 🌈🏵️🌴
@@morganamarvel7075 I don't have any special priviledges or way to get ahold of people like that. I would say that this is like many other aspects of history, I don't think it's particularly unique in terms of being an important event that we don't know a lot about. So I guess you need to be bothered by a lot of things? It's just kind of how ancient history is in general IMO, but particularly so in a time when most of the centers of society were destroyed. I do know that Eric Cline has said on a number of occasions (and others have as well) that we don't know where most of the Sea Peoples came from. I doubt you will get a much different answer from them on the way - they know more I'm sure and could give a more nuanced version of basically the same thing, but if more was known I think it would be something people would have already published and made common knowledge.
@@strategicsage7694 I understand. I'm not saying you're not giving a good answer,
I just like to pick brains. I think I'm asking decent questions, too.
You know the letters they found, that didn't get sent.
One king saying the naval force was in danger, another saying people were starving.
The collapse happened over a few years, so.... Just saying.
We are fortunate to know what we know, considering how recent things
have been uncovered & -- the stumbling over the Rosetta Stone. OMG!
How will people in the future know about us & our digital delerium?
Will it endure? Will it be readable?
Sorry to digress. Inquiring minds need to know. 😯🥴
Thanx. 🙏
Hmmm. Another piece of the puzzle emerges.
Please expound on this “book format” you mentioned.
Was that perhaps brought by the Shekelesh?
What happened in the period 536 to 538 A.D. ? It is known as a period of darkness and the collapse of the Roman Empire, but is it true?
Most fascinating if topics. We have volcanos, Exodus, hyksos. 1450 was an interesting time. When a drought, go to Eygpt right.
What was the relationship of the pheonicians to the sea peoples?
It will be interesting when the tectonic/ geologic evidence is combined with the sedimentary and astrophysical evidence with respect to the precession of the planetary spin, that causes changing climatic conditions. The scientific evidence should then support the cultural indications regarding migratory and social upheavals that led to the collapse of that economy.
Where’s the article he mentioned toward the end?
Just found it: advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/7/eaax0061
@@LuisAldamiz Thanks!
@@LuisAldamiz Yes, you found it. Thanks.
The Late Bronze age collapse was most probably caused by polities becoming too large and inevitably increasingly militarised. This could explain why the first to emerge from the Collapse, the Greeks, avoided the danger of militarised imperialism by setting up city states. It was a rule of thumb that no Greek city state should contain more than 20 000 inhabitants. (Athens grew to more than 150 000 inhabitants, which drew the unwelcome attention of Persia). There were eventually at least a thousand city states. They discovered the "right of citizens to bear arms" and thus avoided a military class that could dominate the polity and carry out military coups. The USA with its ludicrous "right to bear arms" (and shoot senetors in the ass -- like Dick Cheney) alongside the most powerful and dangerous military the world has seen doesn't seem to get it right. Empires became increasingly militarised, which led to their downfall. The Romans did not follow the Greek example and created another militarised empire which, after the simpleton emperor, Commodus, went into slow decline and finally collapsede in 476AD -- the Second Collapse of Civilisation. Followed by the Dark Age that lasted until circa 1450. Unless we curb the power of military empires, we may be heading for a Third Collapse. Even the Chinese under Xi Jinping are wise enough to keep their armies at home and rather concentrae on trade and Belt and Road. Under Gorbachev, the Soviet Empire withdrew its armies and had the grace to collapse. The EU shows little taste for military adventures and concentrates on trade. Hopefully the fall of Donald Duck will lead to a safer world. If Joe ... erm .. you know who I mean could ... could keep his drones at home, we might look forward to a safer future. But I'm not too hopeful ...
You have a very idealized view of the Greeks that doesn't actually match reality.
@@Gustav_Kuriga Yeah, I know ... they're greengrocers... But at the time -- the post-Collapse era -- the world was a very different place and in that context surely different criteria apply. Compare them with the Romans with their flawed emperors and their doomed empire leading inevitably to the second great collapse [as we rush headlong into the coming third collapse] Humans never learn.
@@Skyscraper44able I agree with much of your sentiment regarding modern viewpoints, but in the Ancient World things are different. The very "strengths" you give for the Greek system are the very things that Rome used to conquer them. Being squabbling city-states is all fine and dandy when either there are no major powers looking at you or you are able to come together to face the larger foe. But when that larger entity uses your own division against you to divide and conquer, as well as taking advantage of their larger resource pool to just plain beat you in manpower and quality, then the smaller less-militarized entities are a hindrance, not a positive.
Bring the states into this and you see a strong patriotic individuals become dumb as dog shit, Example voting for trump. The Irish potato famine looks more likely what happened. something like a bad disease in the food and there done. Maybe they all got cancer eating lead. But a 300 year drought? You would pack up and leave. Right? Fathers can’t feed there children so they move. Not stay if it smell like death and you were done eating all the live stock and human bodies.
Experts go on this channel because the content and research is Master's Level. 5th Kind and Gaia is just pseudo channels
❤❤❤❤❤Fantastic ❤❤❤❤
As more evidence emerges, Immanuel Velikovsky's book 'Worlds in Collision' seems to become more and more relevant.
lol nuts
Who was in Spain around the end of the Bronze age?
Nuragic civilisation.
The Sherden are speculated to be Sardinia
Iberians and Tartessians. There was a long lived civilization (proto-Tartessian?) in Lisbon Peninsula that lasted until c. 1100 BCE, when a (likely) tsunami silted the 10km canal joining the poorly excavated capital to the Ocean. Rings a bell? There was earlier another civilization in the SE but had been destroyed very much LBA style, with burning of its main cities, c. 1300 BCE, some say it was Hercules asking for directions to the Hesperian apples, but maybe it was the Celts (or Italo-Celts), which also arrived to NE Iberia around that date. Most of their secondary cities survived and would eventually become into the Iberian civilization (Iron Age, historical). We know these were genetically almost identical to modern Basques (linguistic affiliation is also quite certain, as happens with pre-Roman Sardinia).
@A - Yes, El Argar. But they were somehow destroyed before the LBA as far as I know. It could have been the Greeks (with whom they were in intense cultural relations), it could have been the newly arrived Celts, it could have been the possibly rival VNSP civilization of Portugal, it could have been "a revolution" (some have argued), it could have been the Sherden, clearly also related... we don't know for sure.
The whole civilization was not destroyed, it lingered as "Post-Argaric culture" with many apparently independent smaller city-states that would later coalesce into the Iberian culture, but the main cities were destroyed.
After decades of drought, city economies were destroyed, and armies were disbanded or downsized because of lack of tax revenues. And with
destroyed economies, the merchant marines had nothing to trade, and so they turn to piracy, of both shipping and coastal villages. Captains
of ships or boats are natural leaders, and the more successful of them would organize a fleet of ships, which have to be supported by plundering
seaports and later, inland cities. And since the armies were disbanded or depleted, the cities were easy pickings. After there was nothing left
to plunder, merchant marines were forced to settle and farm.
Love the Star Trek reference!
Offering to the Marduk algorithm while Nick is in hospital.
What were the Indo-Iranians doing in the Bronze Age collapse
They was normal in that time. He talk about ancient cantrys in that time
i'd like to hear more about this "Dave"....
Imagine how much all the other drought generations would hate your guts if you lived during those 50 years?
Greek makes so much sense with later Hellenization.
In financial trading... that part of a W where it returns and everything seems back to normal is called "Returning to the scene of the crime".. Thats where they threw in this case the climate off the cliff. It comes back up to that area again, now I guess in climatic terms, whatever pressures were there that got stuck will release or unload cause that other downturn in a W.. now with those residual pressures removed.. once the recovery starts going back up again there is no resistance to climate getting better than it was even before.
Coolioliolool! Thanking ye!
I have found an underwater impact site that could well be what caused the collapse. Thompson's Crater is found at 35.687061, 29.362260.
So did the Spanish groups travel east, pick up Sardinians and Greeks and become more heterogeneous?
22 Then came the Festival of Dedication at Jerusalem. It was winter, 23 and Jesus was in the temple courts walking in Solomon’s Colonnade. 24 The Jews who were there gathered around him, saying, “How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly.”
25 Jesus answered, “I did tell you, but you do not believe. The works I do in my Father’s name testify about me, 26 but you do not believe because you are not my sheep. 27 My sheep listen to my voice; I know them, and they follow me. 28 I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; no one will snatch them out of my hand. 29 My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all; no one can snatch them out of my Father’s hand. 30 I and the Father are one.”
31 Again his Jewish opponents picked up stones to stone him, 32 but Jesus said to them, “I have shown you many good works from the Father. For which of these do you stone me?”
33 “We are not stoning you for any good work,” they replied, “but for blasphemy, because you, a mere man, claim to be God.”
34 Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your Law, ‘I have said you are “gods”’? 35 If he called them ‘gods,’ to whom the word of God came-and Scripture cannot be set aside- 36 what about the one whom the Father set apart as his very own and sent into the world? Why then do you accuse me of blasphemy because I said, ‘I am God’s Son’? 37 Do not believe me unless I do the works of my Father. 38 But if I do them, even though you do not believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me, and I in the Father.” 39 Again they tried to seize him, but he escaped their grasp. John 10:22-39
Sounds like Cassiopeia looks...
plasma destroy the bronze age
🤔
Are the invaders Neanderthals or close relatives to Neanderthals?
Spain? If you push harder, you can link them to Brits, doc. Maybe in your next book. What a bullshit! They were luvians and lived in agean islands and minor Asia.
The Philistines, Judaeans, Hebrews, Canaanites, Phoenicians , Egyptians, Anatolians and other black group of the ancient period left lots of statues and assorted works of art depicting themselves, but modern historians, especially the so-called "Peer Review Experts", are determined to never show us the true and unadulterated images of the black people whose histories we continually hear in lectures such the one presented in Dr. Eric Cline's video.
Philistines = big people
Spaniards = not big people
Iberia had all sizes of people, many Celts too, indeed. In the 60’s a cemetery of ‘giants’ was discovered outside a little town in Almería province, on a hillside (people built towns on hilltops for better defense), and the skeletons were about 7 and 9 feet tall. Guess what? The Smithsonian people came in military helicopters and trucks and bought all the skeletons “to study them”, giving the money to the little town much needed of cash.
What happened next? Nothing! The skeletons “disappeared” like many other giant skeletons taken by Smithsonian Institute in other parts of the world. The Smithsonian people and other “scientists” are interested in keeping the official truth-lie of evolution, and anything that gets in the way they cover it up. Because ... how small little monkeys evolved into giants?
“Only God knows” and maybe rightly so. Hahahaha
Shame you talked such absolute drivel in the last two minutes.
{o:O::}
This tell me the Caananites are europeans.