How Do Thermal Imaging Goggles Work?
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- Опубликовано: 19 авг 2024
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Movies like Predator reveal how useful thermal imaging goggles can be, but why do hot objects give off infrared radiation to begin with?
Hosted by: Michael Aranda
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![What is Infrared Radiation & Electromagnetic Spectrum? - [4]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/PHDiXiEc9ro/mqdefault.jpg)
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SciShow I’m happy to see Michael back.
you never told us how does thermal imaging goggles work. all you explained is why objects glow and why they glow in the infrared section. you never talk about how does the lens detect infrared and how is it converted to visible light.
I found the part where he said that if you were in the coolest part of space you would want microwave goggles and if you were on an edge of a Blackhole you would want X-ray goggles super interesting! Thanks, SciShow for this cool video!
Crosshair on the crotch. Ok...
Yup, the center point of the human body is around/slightly above the crotch region. If you want a full body image centered on your thermal camera, you point around the pubis area.
Oh you thought sexual? Of course you did. You're from this generation that assumes all the time.
I'm just in it for the thumbs up.
Nah, just trying to take out both legs at once.
sacr3 good job assuming yourself.
sacr3 Thank you. It's always nice to remember that assumptions are limited to one generation only and no one before this generation did that. 😅
A great example of this is watching metal heat up in a forge: as it heats up, the light it gives off transitions into the red spectrum, and then into orange and yellows, and from that point on it's giving off so much light we can't distinguish individual colors anymore, and it looks "white" hot because it's transmitting several different visible wavelengths at high intensity. If you kept heating it up, you'd eventually get blue light coming off it as well, not you'd be able to tell without proper equipment (and depending on the metal in question, you may need a container for the liquid metal before you get to that point)
To complement the video: heat can propagate as thermal radiation, the frequency of which depends on the kind of molecular motion going on; so, microwave heat usually comes from molecules rotating - while UV heat is mostly from electronic excitations. Infrared itself has to do with molecular vibrations. These associations are useful for spectroscopy, where we use the radiation to infer these kinds of molecular properties
Great vid as always SciShow! Although that doesn't really explain how the goggles actually detect and visualize infrared radiation.
@@ungureanubogdan2398
Thx! I'll still look it up though 😉
@@ungureanubogdan2398 thick aren't you , how do the googles work ? TECHNICALLY!!!
great point ahahah but still a good video
Sheet music boss and scishow post at almost the same time every day
Thermal imaging cameras are a game changer in the fire service. You can now go into a smoke filled building and just scan the room to look for anyone trapped. Much better than the past.
Hey, great video. Thank you for that, I had fun. I’ve been looking for more content and quantity videos to satisfy a strange urge to understand some of the fascinating science around invisible technology. There is a lot of it but I’m usually stumped when I look at it on paper. Well done, keep up the good work.
I used thermal imaging goggles once and I happened to look at a white board and was surprised to see my own reflection looking back. Now I'm wondering as to why don't white boards show reflections in visible light? How do mirrors work anyway? Black doesn't reflect anything and white is supposedly the opposite yet I don't see my reflection in white. Please explain. Thanks!
I can give a shortened explanation. The difference between white objects and mirrors is that white objects reflect in a diffuse way. Essentially, the incoming angle of the light doesn't play much of a role in the outgoing angle, so it ends up just reflecting every direction equally and no images can be seen. It does this due to roughness in the object, often on a microscopic level. White boards are smooth enough to reflect light somewhat like a mirror, where you can see the reflection of light sources, just not objects illuminated by them. Based on what you saw, they are also reflective for infrared light so you could see the reflection of yourself, which is a light source in those wavelengths.
to add to this: infrared waves are bigger, so to them that whiteboard is a lot smoother than it seems to smaller wavelengths, so they diffuse less.
yeah and usually mirrors are made of metal which has a more uniform electron distribution than even say the paint on a wall even if that paint is evtremely smooth, smooth objects are usually at least a little reflexive in visible light.
don't be racist now
@@auroraourania7161 well mutha fuckin said.
The latest Predator movie is more enjoyable with beer goggles from what I've read.
heat is not just random motion, its motion of particle out from a source because of a differential
in this perspective, EM radiation is an obvious product of heat
Well I had to learn all this in grade 11 and now I am dealing with semiconductors and X-rays in grade 12 and you know what I LIKE IT!
Could have specified that is the far infrared spectrum that gives off the most. The near infrared which digital cameras (if not filtered out) and infrared sensors pick up on do not work well as thermal vision. Also why thermal cameras cost a lot more then you regular digital camera. A lot of people seems to confuse the near and far infrared spectrum.
Yeah, the IR spectrum is really large actually, far larger than all of the visible spectrum.
My homemade IR camera is capable of seeing things glowing from around ~270 C or so.
I have a different question:
If visible light, infrared, microwaves, etc are all the same type of wave (EM wave), why don't we have special cells to see infrared, ultra violet or even radio waves?
Maybe radio waves wouldn't be useful, but you can't tell me that it wouldn't be an advantage for any animal to be able to see heat at night or in deep caves.
So, why can't we do it? What's preventing cells in our eyes from picking up anything but what we call "visible light"?
We simply didn't need it while evolving. Natural selection doesn't work off what would be "useful" necessarily, but rather what simply keeps an organism alive just long enough to pass on its seed. In addition it tends to favor lower energy costing solutions to life supporting traits. So it could've been that evolving visible spectrum eyes was the most biologically low cost sensor. My guess is that UV or infrared detection just costs more for little benefit. Higher cost = higher food requirement. Food isn't always abundant so it can be a limiting factor in longevity.
1:36 if only i could be so grosly incandescent
You are loved
I've always wondered why thermal imaging goggles take in a small infrared bandwidth and map intensity to colour, instead of taking in a wide bandwidth and mapping frequency to colour, and intensity to... intensity
Predator terminates expendables in the battlefield 17 😂
First, Olivia, now even Michael Aranda 2:08 has that "certain glow."
Geez, is everyone at SciShow pregnant?
I thought you were pointing out that he got fat. Then I got to 2:08 xD
I showed this video to my cat, and now she's pregnant....
hahahaha!
And now he's back to wearing earrings...
I know this was meant as a joke, but it's true that Mr. Aranda is "getting his groove back" in rebuilding his business (Synema Studios) after going through a tough financial stretch. In his personal videos, he seems more upbeat yet realistic.
so kevin abstract dm them and begged for them to do this, right?
sorry for the necropost but
you came from iridescence TOO
@@Barack_Hussein_Obama iridescence 2nd best bh album yessir
@@arita7128 underrated deluxe
Coming soon to a theater near you
“ Thermal Imaging Sunglasses. “
"Predator Terminates Expendables into Oblivion 17"
Another way of saying _"We haven't actually seen any of these movies"._
0:09 Surprised no one mentioned this.
thought hank was about to drop some science on Iridescense
But can they see through thermal underwear?🤔
Sebastian Elytron no
Seba, no one wants to see thru your undies.....(gack)
So Thermal Goggles should be able to detect my mixtape?
Trash fires do give off heat
You don't need thermal goggles to see that sick burn tho
@@er1ck13 Gotteeeem, Kobe
Lmao
No that's in the visible range
Crosshair on the crouch
Lmao
watching for school
Predators weakness revealed
You should do something with crash course and extra credits
Some point out this video didn't quite explain how and what technology enables thermal cameras to determine the temperature at distance. I will try to explain it. People in the know already, I'm just trying to provide a layman explanation, not nuance that will require them to have a prerequisite understanding. It is generalized.
Thermal imaging utilizes a type of sensor called a microbolometer. They will have an array of these. The micro part is no joke, these devices are extremely small, with dimensions measured in micrometers (µm) and individually not visible to a naked eye. These will be made of materials which reflect light in the visible spectrum but allow light in the infrared spectrum to pass through. Because all light has energy, some of it will be deposited into an individual microbolometer. Each single microbolometer has a an electrical current run through it at all times. The materials resistance to the current is measured and this is what is leveraged to determine temperature. Some of the energy of the infrared light will be deposited as heat. This will alter the temperature of the microbolometer and that temperature alteration will alter it's resistance to the electric current. This difference compared to the original resistance is how the temperatures are determined.
Each individual micrometer is responsible for producing one single pixel of the resulting image. The numerical value of the resistance is correlated to a pre-assigned temperature, which is then used used to select a corresponding pre-assigned color in a color gradient. That color will be what the one single individual microbolometer will display as a pixel.
These microbolometers are not easy to manufacture. Extreme care and complicated processes are needed to ensure they are uniform in shape and size and adequately spaced out enough that the temperature of surrounding microbolometers do not effect other ones. This is what keeps thermal cameras relatively expensive and low resolution. For a resolution as small as 640*480 will require 307,200 microbolometers. That's...a lot.
Everybody's excited the girl is preggo and I'm just waiting for his gold skunk line to come back to his hair... Please come back
Hey Vsauce, Michael here! You see me with light, but our light is not the only light. An example is infrared light. that type of light is just below the light we see, but how much does it weigh?
No bolometers? No Peltier-Seebeck effect? No... information about how does thermal imaging works?
It's just light that has a certin wavelength. X-rays, gama rays, ultraviolet, infrared are all just light.
it's worth noting: this is also why we can SEE fire, and why SOME fires are invisible.
see when, say, wood burns it gives off a bunch of soot, really tiny particles of carbon or other things that float in the air...this soot is REALLY hot and it glows in the visible spectrum, around red and yellow.
some fires don't release ANY soot, they burn very cleanly and so they burn invisible.
this is also why you will hear the term "red hot" because object when they reach a certain temperature (800f i think) start glowing in the visible spectrum, and as it gets hotter it goes from red hot to yellow hot to white hot.
Thermal imaging is very useful for me in daily life. I always use my infiray p2pro to check my HVAC.
I've been looking for the answer to this question for years...thank you!
Predator terminates Expendables into Oblivion XVII.... I'm waiting........
To be fair this isn't really 'how thermal goggles work', but 'what is black body radiation'. How do the camera sensors detect the different wavelengths of IR? What type of sensors do they even use given silicon only detects up to 1100nm wavelength?
I wondered about this. Nice
2:22 The connection between infrared and heat is not a happy accident; we chose infrared because it's the one that works for our needs
Aliens in the predator mode. LOL
“It’s kinda of a coincidence”
-Every scientist ever
The thumbnail got me
Guys, I was really intrigued by your title, I was looking forward to learning how the infra-red light waves are focused, and what the sensor is made of and how it is structured. This video was so short I almost missed it!
Disappointed when I realised your sarcasm. That film sounded not bad
I’m liking this video just because of the transition to the skillshare part
This explained less how thermal imaging goggles work, and more why things radiate em-waves. Interesting anyways, but I actually wanted to know what's the difference between normal camera sensor and infrared sensor. I'm assuming one thing they do is to simply filter visible light away, but I doubt it's all that simple since thermal imaging cameras cost a lot despite having poor resolutions.
Someone said in another comment that infrared waves are much bigger than waves in the visible spectrum. This would indicate they deliver less "visual" information, sort of like a lower resolution screen - in this case wavelength is akin to pixel density. It can only show so much detail. The higher resolution you go (smaller wavelengths and therefore higher resolution) the finer image you can generate. This is me inferring and I don't claim to know this for sure.
Heat is released as infrared signals. Heat energy . genetically modified. Stem cells perhaps will make super heroes. Thermal imaging is yet one subject we studied as health professionals. Watch the evolution for human specificity .
I don't know why but I really liked listening to this video. Something in the way of speaking compared to other videos?
"I need your clothes, your boots, and your motorcycle." ~ plays Bad to the Bone ~
I must say this was an exceptionally effecient video 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻 im very impressed, greetings from Copenhagen ;)
Someone should make that movie
Who knew that Darth Kule makes badass graphs?
Yaaayy blackbody radiation! An astronomer's favorite term! You could do an episode explaining where it comes up in astronomy -- it explains why there are no "green" stars, and our Universe was a "perfect" blackbody at the beginning of time and evident in the cosmic microwave background.
This doesn't explain how thermal goggles work; this explains how heat and thermal radiation work.
Okay,I had to look closer.....wondering what the heck a thermal imaging Google was.
They make you look red
Do a video about Demodex face mites!
90 seconds of content, 110 seconds of advertisements.
Goobers in the township of Silent Hill cause radios to emit static, does this mean their unique body chemistry emits radio waves? Is it possible for an organic or whatever they are to produce radio waves and how?
This video doesn't explain how those goggles work but the principle.
If anyone knows the answer to this, pls answer... So if everything emits some amount of emr then do they cool down over time if they were just floating in space with no other way to cool down, and if they do cool down, and absolute zero is impossible to reach, then is thermal heat just perpetual motion because if we could manipulate an object to not transfer its thermal heat, and we used some form of solar panel that collects the radiation emitted, then we solved perpetual motion. And vice versa assuming the radiation given off does not cause the object to cool down.
00:11
now I want to see that movie
Nice refresher on black-body radiation ... but it doesn't actually answer the question of how the goggles work.
How do we know that you are not an NPC doing everything you can to keep us in the game?
2:10
That halo tho
Welcome back, Michael!
-perfectly fine, that's fine
SAID
Damn dood. Fuckin blow my mind with the interplanetary superhighway and then this. I need to stop smoking before I watch this.
I've wondered that for so long; why heat is infrared and not, say, visible light? Especially given that all energy eventually is rendered unusable by becoming "heat".
Damn on you for revealing spoilers of predator terminating expandeables into oblivion 17!!!!
where and how can I watch "Predator terminates expendables into oblivion 17"..??
It's on skillshare bro.....
EDIT: Or if you are a girl then...um....sorry I guess.
How Do Thermal Imaging Goggles Work?
By tracking my hotness B-)
It's that guy from the Oxygen Not Included streams!
Great movie name.
Zero right in on that hot spot in the thumbnail. Do we really need goggles for that?
How can a tiny atom give off radiation with a huge wavelength like a radio wave?
2:08 Super Saiyan 💪
thanks
So why can't we naturally see Infra-red with our eyes, why do we only see colours after that? You'd think there would be some evolutionary advantage to seeing the IR glow of a camouflaged animal, or one at night time.
No, you just need to know it to survive modern combat
"Why do we associate infrared & heat?" It's not "a coincidence". We decided to name the band of the EM waves' frequencies emited at Earth's everyday life temperature as infrared. The video is misleading because treats microwaves, infrared radiation and X-rays as completely diferent entities just because they have different names.
We named infrared light that because it's below red in the em spectrum. It just so happens that the heat given off in our everyday environment is enough to produce infrared as opposed to other "types" of light. He says infrared is part of the em spectrum and then names other parts of it. I don't get how it's misleading?
jesse Y He uses misleading assumptions to conduct the explanation: that Infrared and heat are related "by coincidence", that "it seems like it [EM radiation] should not give us any information about heat". Their information is completely right, but with this completely unnecessary detours they make it look much more complicated than it really is.
"You would need microwaves vision", "you would need x-ray vision", "the connection we make between Infrared and heat is kind of a happy accident".
They keep treating different wave lenghts as different things, and Infrared as something special. Instead, I believe they should give the information that it's all just a matter of tuning your detector to the wavelenght that you need, and that we give names to different wavelenghts bands according to how we experience them.
Just because you would be confused does not mean it is misleading.
404Dannyboy Good point! I just want to warn so maybe they can avoid other people getting confused the same way as me. Thank you guys, for helping clarifying what I wanted to express.
i read it as How Do Thermal Imaging Googles Work... i have officially been brainwashed by google
Uh the infrared to visible imaging is not that simple but it's been grossly simplified here. Your source? I'm an fpa engineer for the military 🎖️.
How do the goggles see the infrared light?
Why are IR cameras not heat cameras ?
I once worked with a guy that had a degree in engineering that insisted that he didn't give off IR or an other radiation.
Cool now I can explain my Flir cam to my mate.
which bh stan asked this????
Yeah, this can't be a coincidence
Brockampton
All he needed is a piece of glass. Then you can see the heat.
Would it be safe to say a thermal sensor is a calibrated form of image sensor is it not all emr
did I miss the thermal goggles ?
*But do they work in the Winter?*
1:49 "All objects give off all wavelengths of radiation." Uhm.... no.... there is such thing as quantum mechanics. If this statement were true all objects would emit an infinite amount of energy. Light is emitted as photons, each photon carries an amount of energy based on its wavelength. It takes more and more energy to create photons of shorter and shorter wavelengths (higher frequencies). It would take an infinite amount of photons (carrying an infinite amount of energy) to cover the electromagnetic spectrum. There is a cutoff when an objects heat/energy is insufficient to create a photon of a sufficiently short wavelength (high frequency).
Alien invasion... no, but I'll need them for the covid19 post apocalypse
what's the difference with night vision? it reads IR too...