how to make adenium bonsai | adenium bonsai | How to grow adenium as Bonsai

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  • Опубликовано: 12 сен 2024
  • adenium bonsai is a very popular topic now days, as the adenium or desert rose plant gaining popularity with time, with that the question How to grow adenium as Bonsai or how to make adenium bonsai is getting bigger...
    so in today's video I am going to show you How to grow adenium as Bonsai or how to make adenium bonsai...
    bonsai soil - • bonsai soil making | ...
    #diygardening
    #adenium
    #adeniumbonsai
    #bonsai
    others topic related to this video are :
    adenium plant, adenium arabicum, desert rose bonsai, adenium boehmianum, adenium grafting, adenium obesum bonsai, adenium pruning, adenium obesum care, fertilize desert rose, desert rose
    thanks for watching
    please like, share, comment & SUBSCRIBE...
    for any further requirement,
    please contact..
    email - diygardening1@gmail.com
    Facebook - / diy.gardening.94

Комментарии • 444

  • @rukhiyamohammed668
    @rukhiyamohammed668 4 года назад +2

    Big salute for your wonderful dedication. Thanks from kerala, INDIA

  • @ericestrada5472
    @ericestrada5472 2 года назад

    Thank you!! I love DR’s and I’m going to give this a try. I love Bonsai so might as well blend them!!

  • @neal5589
    @neal5589 4 года назад +1

    Any video made from start to finish is awesome! ♥️♥️♥️

  • @OrchidandKitties
    @OrchidandKitties 5 лет назад +9

    very nice video.informative.I recently got one bonsai plant so I am looking how to take care it.but I found your video and start watching it.like it and subscribed.

  • @nayanasailenchoudhury1412
    @nayanasailenchoudhury1412 4 года назад +1

    Very nice technique

  • @Voeris1
    @Voeris1 5 лет назад +2

    THat is... a beautiful little tree you made.

  • @GraftingTactick
    @GraftingTactick 3 года назад

    Great work, you just inspired me to try doing bonsai planting, absolutely artwork 👍

  • @mattbrennan647
    @mattbrennan647 5 лет назад +1

    Best video I have seen illustrating this process. Thank you, much success

  • @adam-qu6dh
    @adam-qu6dh 4 года назад +3

    Hi, very informative video, thanks for that! May I ask if you keep the Adenium in a shady place for a while and slowly getting it used to direct sun or how do you do it? I mean before you re-pot it.

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +2

      first of all, you are most welcome, your first assumption is right, I kept the plant in a semi shaded area for first few days the slowly expose it to direct sunlight,
      thanks for your support...

  • @topherpotter1976
    @topherpotter1976 5 лет назад +2

    Thanks for sharing..I will try to do that on my Plant channel..GOD bless you

  • @satvikkumar2632
    @satvikkumar2632 3 года назад

    Very nice bro you gave me some serious confidence to do that....keep it up 👍👍

  • @sajjadahmadvoc9388
    @sajjadahmadvoc9388 2 года назад

    After 3year i got this to watch its look good, good project

  • @sreekarps
    @sreekarps 5 лет назад +2

    Fabulous.... good dedication

  • @myinfounik
    @myinfounik 3 года назад +1

    Cakep.👍

  • @currencyguruji4009
    @currencyguruji4009 4 года назад

    Very good work

  • @Channel-Kreatif
    @Channel-Kreatif 6 лет назад +7

    Wow ! It's amazing artwork :) The Art of Adenium Bonsai :)

  • @musicarvind
    @musicarvind 5 лет назад +2

    awesome video. thank you for doing this.

  • @davidmilinare6305
    @davidmilinare6305 4 года назад +10

    Love seeing the jump in time to see how it does

  • @lindaxwrenoh
    @lindaxwrenoh 5 лет назад +3

    perfect video! exactly what i needed

  • @annettehawkins3412
    @annettehawkins3412 2 года назад

    Hi, thank you for this, is there any follow=up video to show how the plant grew?

  • @Lilypioquinto
    @Lilypioquinto 4 года назад +1

    Hello, May I ask what fertiliser did you use in watering and how often do you water the plant. I have not seen how you maintain it until it develops the roots and leaves within 3 months. Thank you for your video.

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +2

      used only vermicompost as fertilizer, and give water only when the soil is dry...
      thanks for your support...

  • @clavecarlaenlle8093
    @clavecarlaenlle8093 4 года назад

    looks like very easy to do. i am suddenly thinking of doing the same. i am a first timer, i hope i can get it riight

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      yes it's very easy, just follow the basic procedure,
      thanks for your support...

  • @Vandana6125
    @Vandana6125 3 года назад

    Hi, after searching a lot I finally found ur video worth following..
    Thanks. Only question I have to ask is, during these entire process, when did u keep the pot in full sunlight and when you kept it in a shadow? Pls reply soon

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад

      for first 15days I kept the plant in shadow, then gradually exposed it to direct sunlight,
      thanks for your support...

    • @Vandana6125
      @Vandana6125 3 года назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 thanks for your prompt reply. But you had repotted 3 times in this video.. so every time after repotting you kept in shadow for 15 days?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад

      no, only after main pruning

  • @ManadayMavani
    @ManadayMavani 3 года назад

    Best informative video! Many thanks. 🙏🏻

  • @strongmomvlog247
    @strongmomvlog247 Год назад

    Thanks for sharing

  • @kapayaimakando4218
    @kapayaimakando4218 4 года назад

    Awesome and very insightful

  • @alexandrerdadenium
    @alexandrerdadenium 2 года назад

    Parabéns por compartilhar experiências com adenium 🇧🇷

  • @khurramzaib5918
    @khurramzaib5918 3 года назад

    Very informative points they are.
    Sir I have a question here, can we place our adenium in sense of indoor plants, where there is indirect sunlight happening.?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад

      no, adeniums are not indoor plants, these are types of succulents and need full sunlight,
      thanks for your support...

    • @khurramzaib5918
      @khurramzaib5918 3 года назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 what if we use it in sense of indoors and use source of NPK twicely in a month

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад

      if it gets 6 hours of sunlight daily, then it's ok

  • @sebaje352
    @sebaje352 4 года назад

    These are some nice videos too.

  • @dalepowell6815
    @dalepowell6815 3 года назад

    Your tips on growing Desert Rose Bonsai are great, I will follow you to grow my Desert Rose Bonsai's . Where can I get the Saaf powdered fungicide in the USA? Thank you for the information.

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад +1

      SAAF is a particular brand of fungicide that I am using, you can use any other brands that are available to you, and good luck for your desert rose bonsai,
      thanks for your support...

  • @baskororiswiandanu3254
    @baskororiswiandanu3254 6 лет назад

    Thanks for sharing, a warm greetings from Indonesia!

  • @stewartmcmanus3991
    @stewartmcmanus3991 3 года назад

    An excellent tutorial, thank you.

  • @PinayArtista
    @PinayArtista 5 лет назад +1

    Very helpful thank you

  • @syedhasan6548
    @syedhasan6548 4 года назад +1

    Very Nice Video 👍👍

  • @souravsahana7348
    @souravsahana7348 5 лет назад +1

    Very nice video but plz more video sir....and thnk u

  • @marybelltam9367
    @marybelltam9367 4 года назад +1

    Hi. After the first transplant, where do you keep the plant,,, shade or sunlight? How often do you water it?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      in a semi shaded area for first few days, then slowly expose to direct sunlight,
      thanks for your support...

    • @marybelltam9367
      @marybelltam9367 2 года назад

      Thank you

  • @roseguevarra3046
    @roseguevarra3046 4 года назад

    Wowww...
    Can you please share the materials in growing the Bonsai plant pleasee!

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      the soil mix is my homemade bonsai soil, this soil mix making video link is in description, please follow,
      thanks for your support...

  • @sravanisravs2159
    @sravanisravs2159 3 года назад

    Very nice 😍👍

  • @gunasagaran1
    @gunasagaran1 6 лет назад +2

    Very nice and informative video. Thank you.

  • @kiwiland2069
    @kiwiland2069 4 года назад

    I haven't repotted my plant yet as there are no books on these plants showing how to but that's New Zealand. We have a cold Winter where I have to bring them inside otherwise they would die. If you have any other ideas it would help as the garden centers don't know .

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      early spring is ideal time for repotting...
      thanks for your support...

  • @ashugandhi5535
    @ashugandhi5535 6 лет назад

    Hii u r genius...Master of Adeniums... pls reply can i repot my adenium now is this right time...

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  6 лет назад

      Thanks for your compliment and support...
      This is not the right time to repot, wait till spring season...
      (best time monsoon and spring season)

    • @ashugandhi5535
      @ashugandhi5535 5 лет назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 ok thanku but can i grow its cutting...

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад

      yes you can...👍

    • @ashugandhi5535
      @ashugandhi5535 5 лет назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 Thanks

  • @krishnakumari6151
    @krishnakumari6151 5 лет назад +1

    Mere adinium ka plant 3 year ka ho gya h. Flower nhi aate h. Seed se ugaye h. Usme kewl ek hi stem lmba ho gya h.kya kru uska bonsai bna du ? Flower ke liye kya kru?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад

      Thanks for your support...
      agar aap uska bonsai v karoge to v flower zaroor ayega...
      agle spring season mein aap soil thik Karo, aur main stem to prune karo, shyad Kam ban jayga...

    • @krishnakumari6151
      @krishnakumari6151 5 лет назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 thank you.

  • @raphaelresus3665
    @raphaelresus3665 4 года назад

    Hi thank you for the video! Can I ask what was the purpose of placing the rock, and why did you have to take it out? Thank you for sharing your knowledge! ❤️

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +2

      the rock is for root training purpose, I am making a separate video on adenium root training method will upload soon, please stay connected for update...
      thanks for your support...

    • @nehashee8849
      @nehashee8849 4 года назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 ko

  • @suchandrasadhu4935
    @suchandrasadhu4935 2 года назад

    Lovely👌

  • @lakshmanmondal6754
    @lakshmanmondal6754 6 лет назад

    very very very nice video.when you make this bonsai?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  6 лет назад

      thank you for your support...
      this bonsai was made around middle of may...

  • @chandrakantchaturvedi8894
    @chandrakantchaturvedi8894 4 года назад

    Please tell the details information about how best Adenium Bonsai soil mixture can be prepared

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      please follow the link for bonsai soil - ruclips.net/video/rmcyqb9wJfI/видео.html
      thanks for your support...

  • @bidishmukhopadhyay2018
    @bidishmukhopadhyay2018 6 лет назад

    Wonderful. Thank for the video.

  • @mahamaha4508
    @mahamaha4508 5 лет назад

    Very good,

  • @TreeVibes
    @TreeVibes 4 года назад

    Very nice

  • @bilalsorathia1198
    @bilalsorathia1198 3 года назад

    And what to do about the other cutted upper and bottom part can i use them also?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад

      you can grow it as cuttings, for further reference please follow this videos link - ruclips.net/video/7AGwckAggsU/видео.html
      thanks for your support...

  • @AAhmedMahir
    @AAhmedMahir 4 года назад

    Thanks for this amazing video. Which is the best time of the year for cutting?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +2

      monsoon or spring season is the best time for cuttings...
      thanks for your support...

    • @AAhmedMahir
      @AAhmedMahir 4 года назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 thanks for the reply, sir. Had another query. what is the best time for germinating the seeds of desert rose?

  • @timadel663
    @timadel663 4 года назад

    I am really scared to do both root training and for the branches as well at the same time. Do you have video about root training only and for branches only?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      a video on root training is on process, stay connected
      thanks for your support...

  • @farzadebhoyroo9392
    @farzadebhoyroo9392 5 лет назад

    thx for the vid. what did you rub on top and bottom of the plant after cutting? also, what do you do with the bits that you have cut?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад +1

      the paste I am using is a fungicide called "SAAF"
      and I am growing the bits as cuttings...
      thanks for your support...

    • @farzadebhoyroo9392
      @farzadebhoyroo9392 5 лет назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 I am quite new in gardening and as long as i have always feared adeniums, thought they were complicated, your video has brought a bit of fresh air for me to better work with them. thx a lot. is there any other kinds of paste I can use for these cuttings btw?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад +2

      you can use cinnamon powder or turmeric powder too, these are also good and natural fungicide...

    • @farzadebhoyroo9392
      @farzadebhoyroo9392 5 лет назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 thx

  • @srisrisri6747
    @srisrisri6747 6 лет назад +1

    Quite wonderfull

  • @rushikeshk25
    @rushikeshk25 5 лет назад

    Nice video, very informative, one question- If we water the plant immediately after cutting it from down will it not rot as it comes in contact will the water and moisture. I think we should wait and avoid watering for 2-3days after which we can water the plant. pl guide me and what should be the watering frequency?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад +2

      to prevent it from rotting or any other fungal infection ,SAAF solution is applied...
      give water only when the soil is dry...
      thanks for your support...

  • @aimee1981
    @aimee1981 4 года назад

    That turned out amazing. We are growing from little seeds so fingers crossed. 😳Thanks for the informative video!!

  • @Rk-rf8mq
    @Rk-rf8mq 4 года назад

    Superb

  • @deeptikushwaha3031
    @deeptikushwaha3031 2 года назад

    Can I repot and prune adenium now in April, it's max 42 degrees temperature at my place

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  2 года назад

      do it only if absolutely necessary, otherwise wait till monsoon,
      thanks for your support..

  • @nutangupta63
    @nutangupta63 5 лет назад

    bahot sundar video

  • @jenalynsimpleliving7346
    @jenalynsimpleliving7346 4 года назад

    Beautiful 👍😍

  • @masudkhan6118
    @masudkhan6118 5 лет назад

    Nice grafting .

  • @antoniogoncalves2979
    @antoniogoncalves2979 6 лет назад

    Great video, thank you for sharing

  • @bernard7472
    @bernard7472 5 лет назад

    Thank for this interesting video. When is the best season to do that ? Can i don that in winter when my adenium have no leave ?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад

      Thanks for your support...
      The best season is monsoon or early spring...

    • @bernard7472
      @bernard7472 5 лет назад +1

      @@gardeningsolutions1 Thank you. I’m in France. I’ll wait until early spring.

  • @Vathsam
    @Vathsam 4 года назад

    When u reported 2nd time ,the plate and cutting f over roots not needed?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      no, the plate is only for root training purpose...
      I am making a separate video on adenium root training, that will come as soon as I can show results...
      thanks for your support...

  • @dyniohyoma9137
    @dyniohyoma9137 4 года назад

    What is that plastic you are using for rooting?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      that is not a plastic, it's a stone piece, and it's for guiding the root growth direction...
      thanks for your support....

  • @desertroseJAXX
    @desertroseJAXX 4 года назад

    Should I put Adenium in shade after pruning and repotting or can I put back in the sun?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      no, you must keep it in shade atleast for 3-5 days, and then back in sunlight again...
      thanks for your support...

  • @timadel663
    @timadel663 4 года назад

    Bro. Does the half of the root that you cut, as well as the upper part. Can you still plant it?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      didn't know about the root part but you can grow the top portion as cuttings,
      for reference click the link- ruclips.net/video/7AGwckAggsU/видео.html
      thanks for your support...

  • @NgocTran-tj9ed
    @NgocTran-tj9ed 6 лет назад

    What is fungicide powder you used to make that paste . Thanks for sharing your knowledge.

  • @kuldeepkaur-jp8fy
    @kuldeepkaur-jp8fy 6 лет назад

    Wow very nice

  • @nmartin1785
    @nmartin1785 6 лет назад +2

    Very nice ,the roots hv grown so well in 25 days , wats the secret ?? Plz reply ,I hv repotted two Adeniums in monsoon but the caudex remains soft only ., though I hv taken full care while repotting .

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  6 лет назад +2

      thanks for your support...
      mybe it'll take some time, be patient...
      and please check the soil medium...

  • @nehashee8849
    @nehashee8849 4 года назад

    Where should I keep the plant in my balkoni.should igive water to it

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      keep it in a semishaded area for first dew days and then slowly expose it to direct sunlight, and give water only when the soil is completely dry,
      thanks for your support...

  • @ashwinpatel8381
    @ashwinpatel8381 3 года назад

    In wich month we can do this process

  • @mavicj1683
    @mavicj1683 3 года назад

    Is it true that i can substitute cinnamon powder to saaf powder as fungicide?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  3 года назад +1

      yes, cinnamon powder and turmeric powder are good alternatives of chemical fungicides, but not as much effective as chemical fungicides,
      thanks for your support...

  • @sumitapal3717
    @sumitapal3717 3 года назад

    Your working style is same as like as dot base camp channel

  • @meherprasad7422
    @meherprasad7422 5 лет назад

    Good workmanship

  • @nandakumarka4543
    @nandakumarka4543 4 года назад

    Should we water the plant after watering in the first stage?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      yes, but water only when the soil is totally dry...
      thanks for your support...

  • @skhossain9721
    @skhossain9721 5 лет назад

    Excellent video dada

  • @BeautifulEarthJa
    @BeautifulEarthJa 2 года назад

    Wow

  • @DadePomsouvan
    @DadePomsouvan 5 лет назад

    Great video, thanks for sharing!

  • @zaidailejay1811
    @zaidailejay1811 4 года назад

    Hello. No need to air dry? Thank you.

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      you can apply air dry process if the weather is humid, otherwise it's not necessary,
      thanks for your support...

    • @zaidailejay1811
      @zaidailejay1811 4 года назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 Thank you for the insights. Very helpful. :-)

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      you are most welcome

  • @ransingh5765
    @ransingh5765 5 лет назад +1

    You should tell about potting mixer and fertilizer also rest was ok

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад

      thanks for your suggestion...
      but there is a link in the video about soil, please check my other videos...
      thanks for your support... 👍

    • @yokonakata7306
      @yokonakata7306 4 года назад

      diy gardeni

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      thanks for your support...

  • @kelvincrossan108
    @kelvincrossan108 5 лет назад

    How long did it take for you needing it to be re-potted?

  • @rekhabartine7099
    @rekhabartine7099 5 лет назад

    Nice video sir..upper said our roots kis month me kt krna h plZ btaiye

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад

      Thanks for your support...
      aap yeah process barish ke season me yea fir spring ke season me Karen...

    • @rekhabartine7099
      @rekhabartine7099 5 лет назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 thanks sir

  • @ghimirenepal
    @ghimirenepal 3 года назад

    Nice

  • @hercafonsecademattossilva2870
    @hercafonsecademattossilva2870 6 лет назад

    Mega explicaçao !!!👏👏👏👏

  • @lenysagadraca9266
    @lenysagadraca9266 4 года назад

    What is the name of green powder that you put in the cuts portion

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      that is a fungicide powder, the name of the brand I am using is SAAF, but any other fungicide will also work well,
      thanks for your support...

  • @justRD1203
    @justRD1203 4 года назад

    Question; how many months should the plant before cutting the roots?

  • @yaminichandra7849
    @yaminichandra7849 6 лет назад

    Very nice video

  • @stacewizer
    @stacewizer 6 лет назад

    What part of the year (northern hemisphere) do you recommend for repotting and cutting back so drastically. It looks like a spring type of job.

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  6 лет назад

      for adenium, you can do it any time...
      But I personally prefer spring or monsoon...
      Thanks for your support...👍

  • @gouravpatri5796
    @gouravpatri5796 4 года назад

    how many days gap do you change soil and wat type of soil do you use

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      Soil change is required every 2 years,
      and for soil, please visit my channel and watch the video on bonsai soil...
      thanks for your support...

  • @greensolutions129
    @greensolutions129 6 лет назад

    Good work.

  • @lindajackson7310
    @lindajackson7310 5 лет назад

    Hi there are so many things to do what is that I like your nail polish lol Linda j. Peace ❤️❤️❤️❤️💯💯💯💯💯

  • @tushargupta3920
    @tushargupta3920 5 лет назад +1

    Bro can we do it on Champa plant?

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  5 лет назад +1

      yes,
      I also have a video on growing champa from cuttings, please take a look for better understanding...
      thanks for your support...

    • @tushargupta3920
      @tushargupta3920 5 лет назад

      Thanks for replying brother

  • @SantoshNayak-vg3cn
    @SantoshNayak-vg3cn 4 года назад

    Proper month for start this cut. I have one year old adenium plant. Can I start at this time.

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      no, not now...
      best time to start this is end of february month(spring season)
      thanks for your support...

  • @chaituvl17
    @chaituvl17 4 года назад

    Bro.. Im from Chennai, I have repotted my 2years adenium plant and at the same time I have pruned also... Now I was really worried about my plant.. Can u help me out from my fears by giving ur useful tips to propagate my plant now.. Please..

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад +1

      it's ok, adenium is a hardy plant, just spray with fungicide solution once in every 15 days to prevent any type of root rotting and give water only when the soil is completely dry,
      thanks for your support...

    • @chaituvl17
      @chaituvl17 4 года назад

      @@gardeningsolutions1 thank you so much for replying bro.. 🙏

    • @gardeningsolutions1
      @gardeningsolutions1  4 года назад

      you are most welcome..

  • @sureshrao7756
    @sureshrao7756 4 года назад +1

    Please let me know bonsai soil mix

  • @UtedChannel
    @UtedChannel 5 лет назад

    Nice vidio.. New Friend here....

  • @shoebrahman7307
    @shoebrahman7307 6 лет назад

    Very nice..

  • @A.K999
    @A.K999 5 лет назад

    Amazing work. I love it. I will also try

  • @buddha8283
    @buddha8283 3 года назад

    But isn’t that black dots like stuff, suppose to be some infection. The chopped caudex part should be clean without any black spots or dots