Absolutely fascinating. I am a latin languages guy, I am a native Brazilian Portuguese speaker, I speak Spanish and I am learning French. English is the only germanic language I speak and seeing time and space variations across the family is so very interesting. I notice the same with my latin languages, they have some words that expanded their meaning and some others that shrank theirs. Its just fascinating, amazing video
Cool! I am native Romanian actually, fluent in Spanish and quite good with French but happened to take the Germanic route :))) Asi que me allegro que te haya gustado! 😊
In Dutch we have tellen (to count) and vertellen (to tell), luisteren (to listen) and horen (to hear) are also close to English and German. Spijs is an old Dutch word for meal and comes close to the Scandinavian verb for eating. Drekka for drinken (to drink) has a nasty tone in Dutch because drek means half liquid sewage or mud. Werken is the Dutch verb we use for working nowadays, arbeiden is also known, but is now out of use. We do still use the word arbeider for worker.
Our languages have a lot in common! tellen = zählen, vertellen = erzählen, luisteren = lauschen, horen = hören... We also sometimes use the word Speise for meal (mostly as Hauptspeise). I think that our Dreck is related to drek. But we use it more in some other ways too. So more as a slang word ('Hau weg den Dreck' for example if you drink something with friends). Plus the fact that we do have many dialects in Germany makes it pretty funny. For example to just chat eye to eye we can use in the northern part 'schnacken' or in general 'quatschen'....
@@lepeotmitthe standard for schnacken is schnackeln, but has a totally different meaning today. schnackeln means to eat little pieces or to lick a woman's poossy. It's the diminutive verb form of schnacken. Like schütten - schütteln, pissen - pieseln, schwänzen - schwänzeln, and so on.
In Lithuanian, the verb "to read" (skaityti) also means "to count", although most often a slightly different variation (skaičiuoti) is used to mean just that. The noun "number" (skaičius) comes from the verb "to count" (skaičiuoti) which is actually a variation on the said verb "to read" (skaityti). The same semantic evolution can be seen in Latin where the verb "to read" (lego) also means "to gather", "to collect" which was probably the first meaning of the verb, with the secondary meaning of "reading" developing from the idea that you mentally put a letter to another letter, as if collecting them, to make words and sentences. I know this particular verb is not related to the Lithuanian verbs mentioned above, but the similar semantic development in the two languages probably demonstrates a common thought process in humans in general, thus the semantic convergence. The example of the verb "to speak" (tala, tell) which has the meaning of "to count" (telja, zählen) in some of the other languages shows a similar process in Germanic, except "counting" is equated to "speaking", not "reading". When I checked the possible meanings of "telja" in Icelandic, I noticed that the apart from the primary meaning "to count" it has the secondary meaning "to think", "to believe". Again, I see parallels with the Lithuanian "skaityti", which also has the additional meaning of "to believe", "to consider [something is true]", although this usage is usually frowned upon in Lithuanian, seen as a semantic borrowing from the Russian "считать" ("schitat'"). But where Russian got it from, is another interesting question. The literary Russian language borrowed heavily from the Byzantine tradition (which was in a lot of respects a continuation or reinterpretation of the Ancient Greek literary tradition) and the Ancient Greek language used the verb "λέγω" ("lego") to mean both "to say" and "to consider", "to believe [something is true]". Perhaps a lot of these similarities have come to us all the way from the Antiquity? P. S. Kindly correct me if I'm wrong on any facts, since I'm not a professional in any of these fields.
Tälja as in count is long gone from Swedish. Förtälja is still used, if aged, meaning tell, relate sth. Tälja instead means carve (whittle)... And täljare means numerator, so there's a connection!
The Lithuanian language is also similar to Sanskrit in many ways believe it or not. They both come from proto indo european along with the germanic languages and many other language groups as well. Lithuanian and Sanskrit specifically are both very ancient. For instance the PIE word for god is believed to have been dyewas, lithuanian is dievas, and sanskrit is devas. Its pretty interesting stuff
Bo appears in "neighbour' (near liver/near farmer) in english. Went/Wend/Wander I think is one of the versions of walk/go in English, Go has a middle english word yede from OE gede as a past tense. Work we see "wrought" as the past tense. As in, wrought iron. Nimman in OE survives in Nimble. In ModE we have "I will it" meaning "I want it." Hugsa/Hug- appears in Hugin/Munin, thought and memory, Odin's ravens, as I recall.
Nice! And props for your pronounciation of Dutch. Quite good! I would love to see the proto germanic forms written out. I can see more clearly the family resemblance and its root. Would that be a good suggestion? And I am sure you know, but you have a colleague doing the same stuff more in depth on RUclips. Jackson Crawford is his channel. I think he would be open for a collab.
We have schnacken as a dialect word in Germany and we use Werk as a word for work or achievement, most commonly in word combinations like Kunstwerk or Handwerker. We also have werkeln which means to do handicraft.
Cause the Swiss Flag is on the Thumbnail, I‘m allowing myself to add the verbs in a Swiss German dialect 😄 In Alemannic German (Zürich Dialect): To speak: rede (related to the German word „reden“) To listen: lose (other than the standard german word, the Swiss German word is related to the others) To see: gsee (also related to all the others) To eat: ässe (also related to most of them) To drink: trinke To come: cho To go: gaa (unlike Standard German we use it for transportation, but we don’t really use it for „to walk“ (that would be „laufe“), so it‘s more similar to how it is used in English, than in Standard German) To sleep: schlafe To write: schriibe To read: läse To live: wone (like in Standard German, Dutch and Frisian) To build: boue To work: schaffe (related to the Standard German word „schaffen“ (or „skapa“/„skape“ in the scandinavian languages) which there means more something like „to create“. It‘s also related to the English word „to shape“) To make: mache To do: tue To take: nää (related to the German, Dutch and Frisian words) To give: gää To want: wölle To think: dänke He gave me a book: Er hetmer es Buech gää (we only have the perfect, no other past tense exists) We decided to take the bus home because it was cheaper: Mir hend ois entschiide de Bus hei znää, wills billiger gsii isch.
It's not only _tala_ in Swedish though, you can also use _prata, snacka,_ or _språka,_ i.e. similar to Dutch/Afrikaans, Norwegian and German, respectively (among others).
Very nice! 1'd like to comment on the Norwegian examples. To eat: spise and ete are both used. To speak: snakke and tale are both used. To listen: Lytte and høre are both used. To work: Arbeide and virke are both used. To live: Bo and leve are both used. To make: Lage (not lave which is Danish). Someone who makes is a 'maker' however.
I think it's also worth to add an interesting detal that word "läsa/læse" we're using to say "study" in Danmark and Sweden. We say "jeg læser på universitet" means actually "i'm studding on the university".. I'm not sure if it's used this way in other parts of scandinavia too. Werbs sw. göra and dk. lave it's much more complicated.In both languages we use "göra/laga" and "gøre/lave" the differences are we can make something where we do not have phisycal product at the end like cleaning and then we uses göra/gøre; and we do have a product as ex. lave kaffe - make caffe or laga mat - make food.
Laga as in make, prepare is conserved in Swedish only in Laga mat, cook/prepare food. The more common meaning of laga is repair, mend. (Reparera also means repair, but mostly of machinery, devices + things like reputation, relations)
@tomwaldgeist: it makes no sense to take one region out of a country while comparing countries. this made sense in another context when comparing overlapping regions/cultural spheres ....
For "to go". Yes, ganga is the cognate, however, at ganga specifically means "to walk"; for the more general meaning "to go" we would use the verb "at fara". You do see the word "ganga" used in the sense "go" still, especially in phrases like "Hvussu gongur?" "Tað gongur væl/illa." = "How is it going?" "It goes well/badly" etc. Likewise with the train: Eg fari við toki. - Oh, you pointed that out already. :D For "at rita" in Faroese, I think this one became a full synonym with "at skriva", because we don't normally use "rita" with runes but rather "rista", "at rista rúnir". At arbeiða has a synonym in Faroese: at starvast. You may those most commonly see the latter one when describing a job title: "Hann starvast sum lærari" but you can also of course say "hann arbeiðir sum lærari". Faroese synonym for hugsa: at teinkja. And your three Swedish sentences in Faroese: Jag tänkar besöka dig senare. = Eg ætli mær at vitja teg seinni. Jag tycker denna klädning vära ful. = Eg haldi, at hesin kjólin er ljótur. / Eg haldi hendan kjólan vera ljótan. Jag tror vädret kommer bli bra. = Eg haldi, at veðrið fer at vera gott. At gera av in Faroese would be "to decide" and while the word for decision is "avgerð" the verb is usually split, so for deciding to take the bus: Vit gjørdu av at taka bussin heim, tí tað var bíligari. (bussur is a masculine noun) Another way: Vit gjørdu av at fara heim við bussi, tí tað var bíligari.
In dialectal Swedish you can say "språkas" as well as "tala". "Mål" in Swedish is also used to explain different ways to speak, often dialects or dialect groups. You can still notice the difference between "lyssna" (active action, to listen) and "höra" (passive action, to hear). In many sentences "höra" also includes a subtile indication to also follow or obey instructions/command. Where as "lyssna" is the be attentive, but do not carry the same subtile indication to also obey. In several dialects in Sweden also use the word "spisa" and "god spis" means "have a good eating". Many Swedish dialects, especially in the north, use the word "fara" extensivly for travel or journey, not only long distances. Instead of "åka tåg" many would use "fara med tåg". However many use "åka" in present and "fara" in past or future tense. So "jag ska fara med tåg" and "jag åker tåg". Often the destination is put before the method of travel as well (but the timing can be placed either way); "jag far till stockholm med tåg i morgon" (I travel to Stockholm by train tomorrow). However "åka" is a passive action but "fara" is an active action. It is like the difference between being a passanger and a driver. You do not "åka" a horse, you can only ride it (which is an active action). However you can passivly "åka" a vagon or a boat; but you can also activly _drive_ a vagon as well as _sail_ or _row_ a boat. You can "åka med" (go with/by) meaning either "tag along", or being a passenger, or means of transportation (in a passive way). So "åka" is always a passive action, while fara/ köra/ segla/ ro/ padla/ flyga/ cyckla/ gå etc etc is all active actions. You can in casual Swedish sa "slafa" where "slaf" is a more primitive form of bed, similar to a "slab" of wood. And in typical Swedish manner if you put a -a in the end of a subjective you can create a verb of it meaning to use the subjective; even if it will not be a "correct" Swedish word people will most of the time understand it. One example is "veda" (or ve'a) where "ved" means wood (or more spwcifically firewood) and "veda" means to collect, chop, split, stack and dry wood in order to prepare the firewood. The word "knyta", to make a knob, is made up of "knut" (knob) and -a (which turns the u to y). There is a myriad of these types of words, official as well as unofficial variants. "Läsa" in Swedish can be used in "Läsa av" meaning to look in order to gather information. You can "läsa av" (read of) gauges or other measuring devices in order to gather data that will provide you with information (perhaps after some processing). You can "läsa av" faces or the mood in a room (read the room) etc etc. You can never "läsa av" a book though. "Läsa av" is used when the data provided need a bit of analysis, a bit of processing, in order to get to what it means in a bigger picture. So it is used in a context of collecting raw data. In Swedish we never use "läsa" in collecting anything else then visual information. "Råda" in Swedish both means to consult or give advice but it is also an older word for "to rule". So the name "Harald Hárdráda" (or in modern Swedish Harald Hårdråde) for example means Harald the Hard/harsh Ruler, not the Hard/harsh advicer/consultant. Swedish still uses "råda" as "rule" or "deside" in sayings ("om jag fingo råda..."; if I got to deside/rule) and in the folkloric being "rådarna" ("the rulers"), often shorted to just "rå" (skogsrå, sjörå, rågång etc). Even if a bit archaic it is still fully understandable for most. Bo in Swedish means a dwelling or a nest as well. Boa is a unofficial/dilactal verb that means to prepare a home/ nest/ dwelling. It is often used in the sentence "Boa in sig" meaning to prepare the home / dwelling in order to move in or to make it cozier and more homely. Both a dog that prepare a dog bed with a blanket in order to lay down and a family of humans that just moved in or a couple are expecting a child who redecorate and prepare for that can be said to "boa in sig". In swedish you also have "verka" or "verk" whith the meaning of creating something. "Verkstad" (workshop) is a place (-stad) where you create something (verk). A "kraftverk" (a powerplant) is a place that makes (-verk) power (kraft). The title of "verkmästare" is a "master over what is created", aka some sort of boss, overseer or senior worker/craftman. "Laga" in Swedish means either to repair or mend. With the exception of food where "laga", which is in this case a shortening for "tillaga" or "till laga", means to prepair, to make, to cook the food. The Swedish "ta" is a shortening of the original word "taga" (which is still in use in formal written language). One interesting thing here is that the rune for "K" was used as a substitute for the sound of a hard "G" and this carried over into tge Latin spelling, makeing it hard to exactly when and where the shift from "taka"/"take" to "taga"/"tage" took place in the spoken language. "Ge" in Swedish is a shortening of "giva". First the kombination of "g+e" have made the "g" soft in most of Swedish (but not all). The "e" in this case is a transitioning in sound from i to e and the i-rune was used as a substitute of the e-sound (in some cases). The letter F in the end of word was not pronounced F but was prounced V. This originates from the F rune being used as a substitute of the V sound in this very case (U-rune was used in the begining of words). This is why modern language have changed the spelling (haf -> hafv -> hav = all pronounced hav). This makes gifa/gefa/giva/geva all pretty much the same word pronounced very similar. One thing that sets it a part from older language though is the soft "g" prnounced as "j" so we get gifa = giva = jiva, and gefa = geva = jeva -> ge = je. However in the word for gift, "gåva", we have a different vowel sound and thereby the "g" is hard. Nowadays people think that the older spelling also means that G should always be hard and F should alwas be F so people pronounce old-spelled words like "gifa" with hard g and f, similar to english gift, when is was at the time of writing instead pronounced as "jiva". The Swedish correspondent to Icelandic "Hugsa" is "håga" "Jag hågar besöka dig senare" (I will visit you later). Used in the 1800 and perhaps the very early 1900s but fell out of fashion. Today is is still used in old compound worss like "håglös", as in "having no håg", meaning loss of spirit or the will to do anything, depressed, lacking the will to live. In many Swedish dialects, especially the mid and northern parts, speaks similar to norwegian. So in the sentence about the bus so would one say: "Vi bestämde oss fö' å ta bussen hem fö' de' va' billigare". The ' sign is a substitute for a silent/dropped letter (frequence is highly individual and contextual and can vary even within the same sentence). So except slight "wandering" vowel sounds Norwegian and spoken dilectal Swedish can be extremly similar. In a more formal setting one could for sure use "beslutade" which is then closer to the danish prefered word. One could also use "då" instead of "eftersom" or "för det". The sentence then becomes: "Vi _beslutade_ oss för att ta bussen hem _då_ det var billigare". Very interesting video! Liked and shared 😊
As mentioned in the very well written comment there is a lot of similarities in older expressions that makes it easier to understand the other languages.
"Vi bestämde oss för att ta bussen hem _för det_ var billigare" is how I would've written/said it. Thinking about it I don't use "eftersom" that often. For me the sentence: "Vi beslutade att ta bussen hem för det var billigare" would've been fine as well. "Vi beslutade att taga bussen hem ty det var billigare". ;)
Yes, but it has a broader sense. You say you live in a certain city or land/country. wohnen is more like living in a room. hausen is to make something your living place but it has a negative or pejorative connotation.
@@SchmulKrieger In Norwegian we use "bo" both for a house and for cities and countries. The word "leve" means live as in existing, or as in not being dead. It sounds very weird and unnatural to say "jeg lever i Norge", because that implies that you're "alive in Norway" (and presumably dead elsewhere); even for larger regions we would use "jeg bor i Norge" or "jeg kommer fra Norge" (literally "I come from Norway").
Ausgezeichnet! - tak. 😊 I have no other full language but tiny pieces of many. I've had three runs at Deutsch, not because it's difficult but because life got in the way. I'll get it yet, but, in the mean time, I'll endeavour to nourish myself with these morsels. Not a verb, but I remember being startled watching a RUclips educational on the development of Old English and seeing their word for bird: fugol - immediately, by brain went "Ooh, that's bird in Deustch!" [Vogel] ... there may be a chance for me, still.
Correct. The word "Harkje" is Frisian and comes from Old Frisian "Harkia", while "Lusterje" came through Dutch and has a latin origin if I am not mistaken. Edit: The Frisian word "Jaan" apparently does not have a Proto-Germanic root but instead comes from the older Proto-Indo-European word "Yeh", which evolved into Old Frisian "Jen" and then to modern Frisian "Jaan".
@@irinaskuld : Ein Stapel ist im schwäbischen Dialekt eine Beig, war daher über das skandinavische Wort bygge etwas verdutzt. Genauso war ich im Englischunterricht erstaunt, als ich erfuhr, daß Scheune/ Scheuer auf englisch barn heißt. In meinem Heimatdialekt bezeichnet Barn den Teil der Scheune, in dem tatsächlich, Heu , Öhmd oder Stroh gelagert wird.
Tala om means talk about, but if the om is stressed it means tell! Swedish use phrasal verb particles more (or differently) than English and German, I feel; I wonder how this varies over the different germanic languages.
"sprechen" is rather Northern German, in the South we say "reden", like in: Redst du deitsch? The Swiss say "schwätze": Schwätzesch du dütsch? The Southern form of "hören" is "horchen", like in: horch einmal! "Gehen" is actually the Southern German form and is therefor often replaced with "laufen" in more Northern German vernaculars.
Heard laufen everywhere and also use it myself. Schwätzen in Hochdeutsch has a different meaning (chitchat, lots of vbs for that - labern, plaudern, plappern usw.) Tschö!
"Hear" contains "ear". "Ακουσαι" contains "ους". This is not a coincidence, nor is this a coincidence! nitpick: the 'σ' in "ακουσαι" is an aspect marker; the actual cognate of the 'r' in "hear" is a rough breathing that dropped out between vowels.
Great Video. A litte mistake in German for listen: It's "zuhören" not "hören" Out of cuiosity: What were the old version of went? The German Cognates for write are "reißen" (tear) and "ritzen" (scratch)
@@irinaskuld Yes, you mentioned the word it is based on. I just added the German cognates so other people can read them. (Not intended to "correct" you) I also learnd a lot. like: - reißen and ritzen are related - schnacken and Snack are also related - think & thank are related.
@@irinaskuld Thanks I couldn't make it out just from listening. Looks like the past tense was exotic for a long time. BTW: under "eode eodest eode eodon :)" was a "Translate to: German" button. The result was this; "so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so" 😂🤣😂🤣
If we confine ourselves to written Norwegian, then I think Irina is correct that using 'Tror' to mean 'Deep thought/deep thinking' is not correct. Rather it would be "I believe" or "I suppose". It can ofc mean "I think" in the sense of "Jeg tror denne bussen går til byen"(I think this bus goes to the city). But if we venture into the beautiful and bewildering landscape of Norwegian dialects.. well then all bets are off.
your Danish pronunciation of A is really off haha (you generally pronounce them like Danish æ or even e, but since it a sound that doesn't really exist in neither German nor Swedish, so you are excused ;) ). E.g. I heard "tele" as in telecommunication and not "tale". The a here should be more like the ä in a swedish räka and sometimes Norwegian and Danish is mixed up, like lage/lave and meg/mig But it was really interesting to see the languages compared and get some of the etymologies! I have also to add that "vi bestemte os for at tage bussen hjem, fordi det var billigere" is a perfectly normal way of phrasing it in Danish as well and "Ete" and "Æde" are also words for eating in (Bokmål) Norwegian and Danish. It just means to eat like an animal (or simply to eat when referring to actual animals haha)
@@irinaskuld yes, just thought that I should mention it. and it is a bit funny, that guessing the letters and reading the letters has the same root, if you compare german and english.
Hallo där, als jü kan se, datt ig schrive ein språk, welke är möglig forständlig för jig und jü kan lese und forstaan dett. Ja, dett heite de Intergermanisch språk, iz är ein Germanisch zonal hülpspråk. 25:50 - de översettzing in Intergermanisch: "Iz gav mig ein buk"
Yeah I'd prefer a Proto-Germanic reconstruction, I somehow find it very cringe :)))
5 месяцев назад
@@irinaskuld this is kinda like a new version of proto-germanic, but it is because it's aim is to facilitate communication between speakers of native languages with sources coming from Germanic langauges, hence it is a Germanic zonal auxiliary constructed language, like others such as Interslavic and Neolatino. This gives it a big trio of Indo-european zonal auxiliary languages of Slavic, Germanic and Romance.
5 месяцев назад
I am also creating Interbaltic or Starpbaltu kalboda for a Baltic zonal auxiliary language. Not related ik but just saying.
Prövar att svara på mitt modersmål svenska. Roligt att höra så bra kunskaper om våra nordliga breddgrader. Det finns otaliga synonymer i de germanska språken som gör att goda kunskaper i det egna språket ofta ger en god grund för att förstå andra germanska språk.
Prufa að svara á móðurmáli mínu íslensku. Gaman að heyra svona góða þekkingu á okkar norðlægu breiddargráðum. það finnast ótal samheiti í germönnskum tungumálum sem eykur þekkingu á eigin tungumáli, það er góður grunnur að skilja önnur germönsk tungumál
@@GuðmundurGeirSigurðsson Skrivet går det relativt bra att förstå dig. "Prövar att svara på mitt modersmål isländska. Kul att höra att sådana goda ...på våra nordliga breddgrader. Det finns ett otal likheter i germanska tungomål som ... i eget tungomål. Det är goda grunder att skilja ...germanskat tungomål." Svarar från en ort (Norrköping) som har många kopplingar fotbollsmässigt numer till Island.
5 месяцев назад
Om forstaanen ig wil döe ein experiment mit dig, så ig gå schrive til dig in Intergermanisch språk, welke är ein zonal hülpkonstruërad språk för forständlig kommunikation tüssen de Germanisch sprëkren.
@@irinaskuld The relatively brief language training I have does not equip me to tell related words apart from false friends, but I think including Nynorsk would have added quite abit of the history of these languages and further emphasized it. There were atleast a few Bokmål words in here where the Nynorsk word I'd use instead would seem to be related to one of the other languages. I guess you'll just have to make a video entirely on Nynorsk words and what words in other languages they are related to ;P
@@essi2Guess so :P On the other hand, it's very cool that the audience can contribute quite a bit to an inevitably incomplete tackling of the subject matter.
@@irinaskuldbut Bokmål is the standard Norwegian that foreigners learn, it’s just more commonly used compared to Nynorsk. However I know that there are parts of Norway mainly in rural area where Nynorsk is the dominant form
You do not really have Norwegian here. You have used Norwegian Danish (bokmål) instead of Norwegian (nynorsk). The difference to Danish is minute because it is Danish.
Both of them are valid and though the differences are minute, politically they were divided. It is what it is, the boundaries between languages and dialects are often political . The reason for choosing Bokmal is that 80% of people use it in writing and as a foreigner you also learn Bokmal. So feel free to contribute ;)
@@irinaskuld Both of them are official, but linguistically one of them is Danish. Bokmål was based on a particular Danish dialect spoken in parts pf South-East Norway and standard Danish ortography, and official from 1929. Danish and Bokmål are East Nordic languages. Norwegian is a West Nordic language. This is what you find in Norwegian dialects and in Nynorsk. What you have to realise is that the language spoken in Oslo is not Norwegian. It is a form of Danish.
@sturlamolden You write "It's a form of Danish" and I say it's the ONLY way to pronounce the Danish language. Tak Gud for jeres offer og arbejde med vores fælles mål.
@@jamieflame01 The dialect on which Bokmål is based is actually a very archaic form of Danish, corresponding to how Danish was pronounced before the vowel shift in the 15th to 17th century. While the syntax and grammar of Bokmål are very similar to modern Danish, the sound system is comparable to late 14th century Danish. It is very likely that Queen Margaret I (yes spelled like that in English) sounded like someone from Oslo or Arendal. Norway officially calls Bokmål “Norwegian”, but it is actually based on the Danish used after spelling reforms in 1907 and 1917, then called Rigsmål. I could also note that the pitch accent in Old Danish developed into something now called “stød” in Danish, while it still is present in the Danish version of Norwegian (and in Swedish). This is among the reasons Norwegians think Danes speak with a potato in their mouth, while Danes think Norwegians sound like someone singing or screaming for help. Be as it may, the major difference is in how the sounds are made, and not in words, syntax or grammar. The differences in how it is written is really minute. However, Nynorsk and Western Norwegian dialects are a different language. There are major differences in words, syntax and grammar. It also lacks the pitch accent that gives Eastern Norwegian its “sing-song” appearance. That is why I commented on the choice of Norwegian used in this presentation. It is actually a type of Danish, so comparing it to written Danish makes little sence. And when I say it is a type of Danish, please consider that it is spoken amd written by the majority of Norwegians (80% or so). It is very much the dominating language here in Norway, but in some sence it is not really Norwegian in an ethymological sence of the word. That honour belongs to Nynorsk and the Westen dialects.
Hoekom het jy nie Afrikaans ingesluit nie? Haha , just kidding. (It's basically Dutch but with all the complicated grammar and spelling rules excluded). 🙃
Fascinating, as always so well informed and presented. Love these comparisons of germanic languages, makes so much sense!
They have theif limitations but the comment section welcomes all meaningful contributions 😊
Absolutely fascinating. I am a latin languages guy, I am a native Brazilian Portuguese speaker, I speak Spanish and I am learning French. English is the only germanic language I speak and seeing time and space variations across the family is so very interesting. I notice the same with my latin languages, they have some words that expanded their meaning and some others that shrank theirs. Its just fascinating, amazing video
Cool! I am native Romanian actually, fluent in Spanish and quite good with French but happened to take the Germanic route :))) Asi que me allegro que te haya gustado! 😊
I finally begin to understand the meaning of "bank teller"
yes!
We need more comparision videos this way, I'd love see more with other groups of words.
I've made some for greetings, family members, animals and a couple more. So far.
In Danish we have both the word "tale" and the word "snakke". Tale is formal while snakke is informal.
Same in Swedish, though here the informal could also 'prata', from Low German 'praten'. Originally prata was only pejorative.
@@LarsPallesen Där ser man att skillnaderna är mindre än man tror. Jag skulle gissa att jag använder snacka till 80 procent i daglig svenska
Another cool video. You should do something on proto indo european soon. Its pretty amazing stuff
Thanks for the idea! I'm not that well-versed in linguistics though :(
In Dutch we have tellen (to count) and vertellen (to tell), luisteren (to listen) and horen (to hear) are also close to English and German. Spijs is an old Dutch word for meal and comes close to the Scandinavian verb for eating. Drekka for drinken (to drink) has a nasty tone in Dutch because drek means half liquid sewage or mud. Werken is the Dutch verb we use for working nowadays, arbeiden is also known, but is now out of use. We do still use the word arbeider for worker.
Bedankt!❤
Our languages have a lot in common! tellen = zählen, vertellen = erzählen, luisteren = lauschen, horen = hören... We also sometimes use the word Speise for meal (mostly as Hauptspeise).
I think that our Dreck is related to drek. But we use it more in some other ways too. So more as a slang word ('Hau weg den Dreck' for example if you drink something with friends).
Plus the fact that we do have many dialects in Germany makes it pretty funny. For example to just chat eye to eye we can use in the northern part 'schnacken' or in general 'quatschen'....
@@lepeotmitthe standard for schnacken is schnackeln, but has a totally different meaning today. schnackeln means to eat little pieces or to lick a woman's poossy. It's the diminutive verb form of schnacken. Like schütten - schütteln, pissen - pieseln, schwänzen - schwänzeln, and so on.
So many great and comprehensive comments here, that's amazing! ❤
In Dutch 'snakken' means to gasp for air, and 'snakken naar' means to long for or to crave
In Lithuanian, the verb "to read" (skaityti) also means "to count", although most often a slightly different variation (skaičiuoti) is used to mean just that. The noun "number" (skaičius) comes from the verb "to count" (skaičiuoti) which is actually a variation on the said verb "to read" (skaityti).
The same semantic evolution can be seen in Latin where the verb "to read" (lego) also means "to gather", "to collect" which was probably the first meaning of the verb, with the secondary meaning of "reading" developing from the idea that you mentally put a letter to another letter, as if collecting them, to make words and sentences. I know this particular verb is not related to the Lithuanian verbs mentioned above, but the similar semantic development in the two languages probably demonstrates a common thought process in humans in general, thus the semantic convergence.
The example of the verb "to speak" (tala, tell) which has the meaning of "to count" (telja, zählen) in some of the other languages shows a similar process in Germanic, except "counting" is equated to "speaking", not "reading".
When I checked the possible meanings of "telja" in Icelandic, I noticed that the apart from the primary meaning "to count" it has the secondary meaning "to think", "to believe". Again, I see parallels with the Lithuanian "skaityti", which also has the additional meaning of "to believe", "to consider [something is true]", although this usage is usually frowned upon in Lithuanian, seen as a semantic borrowing from the Russian "считать" ("schitat'"). But where Russian got it from, is another interesting question. The literary Russian language borrowed heavily from the Byzantine tradition (which was in a lot of respects a continuation or reinterpretation of the Ancient Greek literary tradition) and the Ancient Greek language used the verb "λέγω" ("lego") to mean both "to say" and "to consider", "to believe [something is true]". Perhaps a lot of these similarities have come to us all the way from the Antiquity?
P. S. Kindly correct me if I'm wrong on any facts, since I'm not a professional in any of these fields.
Tälja as in count is long gone from Swedish. Förtälja is still used, if aged, meaning tell, relate sth.
Tälja instead means carve (whittle)...
And täljare means numerator, so there's a connection!
The Lithuanian language is also similar to Sanskrit in many ways believe it or not. They both come from proto indo european along with the germanic languages and many other language groups as well. Lithuanian and Sanskrit specifically are both very ancient. For instance the PIE word for god is believed to have been dyewas, lithuanian is dievas, and sanskrit is devas. Its pretty interesting stuff
Bo appears in "neighbour' (near liver/near farmer) in english. Went/Wend/Wander I think is one of the versions of walk/go in English, Go has a middle english word yede from OE gede as a past tense. Work we see "wrought" as the past tense. As in, wrought iron. Nimman in OE survives in Nimble. In ModE we have "I will it" meaning "I want it." Hugsa/Hug- appears in Hugin/Munin, thought and memory, Odin's ravens, as I recall.
There is 'nabo' in Norwegian and also in dialects or somewhat ironic in Swedish.
A pleasing contribution!
Nice! And props for your pronounciation of Dutch. Quite good! I would love to see the proto germanic forms written out. I can see more clearly the family resemblance and its root. Would that be a good suggestion? And I am sure you know, but you have a colleague doing the same stuff more in depth on RUclips. Jackson Crawford is his channel. I think he would be open for a collab.
Yes I know. He's more qualified as a linguist though. I am a historian with a minor in languages :)
We have schnacken as a dialect word in Germany and we use Werk as a word for work or achievement, most commonly in word combinations like Kunstwerk or Handwerker. We also have werkeln which means to do handicraft.
Yep. Meisterwerk, Werkstatt usw. Danke!
And almost the same in swedish hantverk and konstverk.
Cause the Swiss Flag is on the Thumbnail, I‘m allowing myself to add the verbs in a Swiss German dialect 😄
In Alemannic German (Zürich Dialect):
To speak: rede (related to the German word „reden“)
To listen: lose (other than the standard german word, the Swiss German word is related to the others)
To see: gsee (also related to all the others)
To eat: ässe (also related to most of them)
To drink: trinke
To come: cho
To go: gaa (unlike Standard German we use it for transportation, but we don’t really use it for „to walk“ (that would be „laufe“), so it‘s more similar to how it is used in English, than in Standard German)
To sleep: schlafe
To write: schriibe
To read: läse
To live: wone (like in Standard German, Dutch and Frisian)
To build: boue
To work: schaffe (related to the Standard German word „schaffen“ (or „skapa“/„skape“ in the scandinavian languages) which there means more something like „to create“. It‘s also related to the English word „to shape“)
To make: mache
To do: tue
To take: nää (related to the German, Dutch and Frisian words)
To give: gää
To want: wölle
To think: dänke
He gave me a book: Er hetmer es Buech gää (we only have the perfect, no other past tense exists)
We decided to take the bus home because it was cheaper: Mir hend ois entschiide de Bus hei znää, wills billiger gsii isch.
Vielen lieben Dank!
It's not only _tala_ in Swedish though, you can also use _prata, snacka,_ or _språka,_
i.e. similar to Dutch/Afrikaans, Norwegian and German, respectively (among others).
Javisst.
Very nice! 1'd like to comment on the Norwegian examples. To eat: spise and ete are both used. To speak: snakke and tale are both used. To listen: Lytte and høre are both used. To work: Arbeide and virke are both used. To live: Bo and leve are both used. To make: Lage (not lave which is Danish). Someone who makes is a 'maker' however.
Det har jeg rettet. Takk skal du ha! Jeg gleder mig til bidragene, videon er ganske enkelt ikke omfattende. 😁
Echt gut.
Und sehr akkurate Aussprache.
I think it's also worth to add an interesting detal that word "läsa/læse" we're using to say "study" in Danmark and Sweden. We say "jeg læser på universitet" means actually "i'm studding on the university".. I'm not sure if it's used this way in other parts of scandinavia too. Werbs sw. göra and dk. lave it's much more complicated.In both languages we use "göra/laga" and "gøre/lave" the differences are we can make something where we do not have phisycal product at the end like cleaning and then we uses göra/gøre; and we do have a product as ex. lave kaffe - make caffe or laga mat - make food.
Laga as in make, prepare is conserved in Swedish only in Laga mat, cook/prepare food. The more common meaning of laga is repair, mend.
(Reparera also means repair, but mostly of machinery, devices + things like reputation, relations)
denken as the blank verb is a very passive activity. While there is also the verb dünken in German.
It’s a pity that low German isn’t included. Great video though!
Need to get more familiar with it. 🤔
But Frisian. There is not a real standard, is there? I mean and in fact, Dutch is a formerly Low German dialect standardised since the 16th century.
@tomwaldgeist: it makes no sense to take one region out of a country while comparing countries. this made sense in another context when comparing overlapping regions/cultural spheres ....
@@publicminx Er vergleicht "Sprachen" siehe Videotitel und Plattdeutsch ist eine anerkannte Sprache.
Add more verbs here if you want! 😁
For "to go". Yes, ganga is the cognate, however, at ganga specifically means "to walk"; for the more general meaning "to go" we would use the verb "at fara". You do see the word "ganga" used in the sense "go" still, especially in phrases like "Hvussu gongur?" "Tað gongur væl/illa." = "How is it going?" "It goes well/badly" etc. Likewise with the train: Eg fari við toki. - Oh, you pointed that out already. :D
For "at rita" in Faroese, I think this one became a full synonym with "at skriva", because we don't normally use "rita" with runes but rather "rista", "at rista rúnir".
At arbeiða has a synonym in Faroese: at starvast. You may those most commonly see the latter one when describing a job title: "Hann starvast sum lærari" but you can also of course say "hann arbeiðir sum lærari".
Faroese synonym for hugsa: at teinkja.
And your three Swedish sentences in Faroese:
Jag tänkar besöka dig senare. = Eg ætli mær at vitja teg seinni.
Jag tycker denna klädning vära ful. = Eg haldi, at hesin kjólin er ljótur. / Eg haldi hendan kjólan vera ljótan.
Jag tror vädret kommer bli bra. = Eg haldi, at veðrið fer at vera gott.
At gera av in Faroese would be "to decide" and while the word for decision is "avgerð" the verb is usually split, so for deciding to take the bus:
Vit gjørdu av at taka bussin heim, tí tað var bíligari. (bussur is a masculine noun) Another way: Vit gjørdu av at fara heim við bussi, tí tað var bíligari.
I did specify in the presentation though. :D
@@irinaskuld Yes, I realised that but decided heck, didn't want to erase so I will just leave it :D
So tala related to the word tell and tale
Yup
In dialectal Swedish you can say "språkas" as well as "tala".
"Mål" in Swedish is also used to explain different ways to speak, often dialects or dialect groups.
You can still notice the difference between "lyssna" (active action, to listen) and "höra" (passive action, to hear). In many sentences "höra" also includes a subtile indication to also follow or obey instructions/command. Where as "lyssna" is the be attentive, but do not carry the same subtile indication to also obey.
In several dialects in Sweden also use the word "spisa" and "god spis" means "have a good eating".
Many Swedish dialects, especially in the north, use the word "fara" extensivly for travel or journey, not only long distances. Instead of "åka tåg" many would use "fara med tåg". However many use "åka" in present and "fara" in past or future tense. So "jag ska fara med tåg" and "jag åker tåg". Often the destination is put before the method of travel as well (but the timing can be placed either way); "jag far till stockholm med tåg i morgon" (I travel to Stockholm by train tomorrow). However "åka" is a passive action but "fara" is an active action. It is like the difference between being a passanger and a driver. You do not "åka" a horse, you can only ride it (which is an active action). However you can passivly "åka" a vagon or a boat; but you can also activly _drive_ a vagon as well as _sail_ or _row_ a boat. You can "åka med" (go with/by) meaning either "tag along", or being a passenger, or means of transportation (in a passive way). So "åka" is always a passive action, while fara/ köra/ segla/ ro/ padla/ flyga/ cyckla/ gå etc etc is all active actions.
You can in casual Swedish sa "slafa" where "slaf" is a more primitive form of bed, similar to a "slab" of wood. And in typical Swedish manner if you put a -a in the end of a subjective you can create a verb of it meaning to use the subjective; even if it will not be a "correct" Swedish word people will most of the time understand it. One example is "veda" (or ve'a) where "ved" means wood (or more spwcifically firewood) and "veda" means to collect, chop, split, stack and dry wood in order to prepare the firewood. The word "knyta", to make a knob, is made up of "knut" (knob) and -a (which turns the u to y). There is a myriad of these types of words, official as well as unofficial variants.
"Läsa" in Swedish can be used in "Läsa av" meaning to look in order to gather information. You can "läsa av" (read of) gauges or other measuring devices in order to gather data that will provide you with information (perhaps after some processing). You can "läsa av" faces or the mood in a room (read the room) etc etc. You can never "läsa av" a book though. "Läsa av" is used when the data provided need a bit of analysis, a bit of processing, in order to get to what it means in a bigger picture. So it is used in a context of collecting raw data. In Swedish we never use "läsa" in collecting anything else then visual information.
"Råda" in Swedish both means to consult or give advice but it is also an older word for "to rule". So the name "Harald Hárdráda" (or in modern Swedish Harald Hårdråde) for example means Harald the Hard/harsh Ruler, not the Hard/harsh advicer/consultant. Swedish still uses "råda" as "rule" or "deside" in sayings ("om jag fingo råda..."; if I got to deside/rule) and in the folkloric being "rådarna" ("the rulers"), often shorted to just "rå" (skogsrå, sjörå, rågång etc). Even if a bit archaic it is still fully understandable for most.
Bo in Swedish means a dwelling or a nest as well. Boa is a unofficial/dilactal verb that means to prepare a home/ nest/ dwelling. It is often used in the sentence "Boa in sig" meaning to prepare the home / dwelling in order to move in or to make it cozier and more homely. Both a dog that prepare a dog bed with a blanket in order to lay down and a family of humans that just moved in or a couple are expecting a child who redecorate and prepare for that can be said to "boa in sig".
In swedish you also have "verka" or "verk" whith the meaning of creating something. "Verkstad" (workshop) is a place (-stad) where you create something (verk). A "kraftverk" (a powerplant) is a place that makes (-verk) power (kraft). The title of "verkmästare" is a "master over what is created", aka some sort of boss, overseer or senior worker/craftman.
"Laga" in Swedish means either to repair or mend. With the exception of food where "laga", which is in this case a shortening for "tillaga" or "till laga", means to prepair, to make, to cook the food.
The Swedish "ta" is a shortening of the original word "taga" (which is still in use in formal written language). One interesting thing here is that the rune for "K" was used as a substitute for the sound of a hard "G" and this carried over into tge Latin spelling, makeing it hard to exactly when and where the shift from "taka"/"take" to "taga"/"tage" took place in the spoken language.
"Ge" in Swedish is a shortening of "giva". First the kombination of "g+e" have made the "g" soft in most of Swedish (but not all). The "e" in this case is a transitioning in sound from i to e and the i-rune was used as a substitute of the e-sound (in some cases). The letter F in the end of word was not pronounced F but was prounced V. This originates from the F rune being used as a substitute of the V sound in this very case (U-rune was used in the begining of words). This is why modern language have changed the spelling (haf -> hafv -> hav = all pronounced hav). This makes gifa/gefa/giva/geva all pretty much the same word pronounced very similar. One thing that sets it a part from older language though is the soft "g" prnounced as "j" so we get gifa = giva = jiva, and gefa = geva = jeva -> ge = je. However in the word for gift, "gåva", we have a different vowel sound and thereby the "g" is hard. Nowadays people think that the older spelling also means that G should always be hard and F should alwas be F so people pronounce old-spelled words like "gifa" with hard g and f, similar to english gift, when is was at the time of writing instead pronounced as "jiva".
The Swedish correspondent to Icelandic "Hugsa" is "håga" "Jag hågar besöka dig senare" (I will visit you later). Used in the 1800 and perhaps the very early 1900s but fell out of fashion. Today is is still used in old compound worss like "håglös", as in "having no håg", meaning loss of spirit or the will to do anything, depressed, lacking the will to live.
In many Swedish dialects, especially the mid and northern parts, speaks similar to norwegian. So in the sentence about the bus so would one say: "Vi bestämde oss fö' å ta bussen hem fö' de' va' billigare". The ' sign is a substitute for a silent/dropped letter (frequence is highly individual and contextual and can vary even within the same sentence). So except slight "wandering" vowel sounds Norwegian and spoken dilectal Swedish can be extremly similar.
In a more formal setting one could for sure use "beslutade" which is then closer to the danish prefered word. One could also use "då" instead of "eftersom" or "för det". The sentence then becomes: "Vi _beslutade_ oss för att ta bussen hem _då_ det var billigare".
Very interesting video! Liked and shared 😊
Ett utmärkt bidrag till ämnet! Stort tack!!!
@@irinaskuld Ingen orsak! Bara glad att det uppskattades 🙂
As mentioned in the very well written comment there is a lot of similarities in older expressions that makes it easier to understand the other languages.
"Vi bestämde oss för att ta bussen hem _för det_ var billigare" is how I would've written/said it.
Thinking about it I don't use "eftersom" that often.
For me the sentence: "Vi beslutade att ta bussen hem för det var billigare" would've been fine as well.
"Vi beslutade att taga bussen hem ty det var billigare". ;)
Spoken yes, written eftersom is ett jättefint ord.
I think for the English word of „live“
The German word for „Leben“ and Dutch „leeven(?)“ would be fitting too
Yes, but it has a broader sense. You say you live in a certain city or land/country. wohnen is more like living in a room. hausen is to make something your living place but it has a negative or pejorative connotation.
@@SchmulKrieger In Norwegian we use "bo" both for a house and for cities and countries. The word "leve" means live as in existing, or as in not being dead. It sounds very weird and unnatural to say "jeg lever i Norge", because that implies that you're "alive in Norway" (and presumably dead elsewhere); even for larger regions we would use "jeg bor i Norge" or "jeg kommer fra Norge" (literally "I come from Norway").
Ausgezeichnet! - tak. 😊
I have no other full language but tiny pieces of many.
I've had three runs at Deutsch, not because it's difficult but because life got in the way.
I'll get it yet, but, in the mean time, I'll endeavour to nourish myself with these morsels.
Not a verb, but I remember being startled watching a RUclips educational on the development of Old English and seeing their word for bird: fugol - immediately, by brain went "Ooh, that's bird in Deustch!" [Vogel] ... there may be a chance for me, still.
Yeah, basic vocab tends to be the same. Think I made one on animals too 😊
Low German/Saxon:
schnacken
lustern
-
eten/äten
etc.
Snacken*
Very interesting indeed, but the music is distracting to me.
:( really? Many concentrate better with smth slight in thebackground
Me too, its very annoying.
Actually listening in Frisian is “Harkje”, I think “lusterje” is a duchism
Thanks!
Correct. The word "Harkje" is Frisian and comes from Old Frisian "Harkia", while "Lusterje" came through Dutch and has a latin origin if I am not mistaken.
Edit: The Frisian word "Jaan" apparently does not have a Proto-Germanic root but instead comes from the older Proto-Indo-European word "Yeh", which evolved into Old Frisian "Jen" and then to modern Frisian "Jaan".
In swabian dialect beigen means Standard German stapeln, which is to some degree slso building something.
Hatte keine Ahnung, danke!
@@irinaskuld : Ein Stapel ist im schwäbischen Dialekt eine Beig, war daher über das skandinavische Wort bygge etwas verdutzt. Genauso war ich im Englischunterricht erstaunt, als ich erfuhr, daß Scheune/ Scheuer auf englisch barn heißt. In meinem Heimatdialekt bezeichnet Barn den Teil der Scheune, in dem tatsächlich, Heu , Öhmd oder Stroh gelagert wird.
Tala om means talk about, but if the om is stressed it means tell! Swedish use phrasal verb particles more (or differently) than English and German, I feel; I wonder how this varies over the different germanic languages.
German particles are attached to the verbs though.
"Taal" means language in Dutch, clearly related to "tala" :)
Absolutely!
At huske (to remember) in Norwegian in relation to think.
Yes! There is also ihukomme in Danish but I think it is more seldom than huske or mindes.
* å huske
here we go
and heeeere I go again on my ooooown! :))
Everyone sing! [... syngja! ... synger... sjunger... synger, singen... zingt!] 🎙😊
😂hi from england, love all the germanic tongues they have a good punchy energy about them
Cheers!
"sprechen" is rather Northern German, in the South we say "reden", like in: Redst du deitsch?
The Swiss say "schwätze": Schwätzesch du dütsch?
The Southern form of "hören" is "horchen", like in: horch einmal!
"Gehen" is actually the Southern German form and is therefor often replaced with "laufen" in more Northern German vernaculars.
Heard laufen everywhere and also use it myself. Schwätzen in Hochdeutsch has a different meaning (chitchat, lots of vbs for that - labern, plaudern, plappern usw.) Tschö!
"Hear" contains "ear". "Ακουσαι" contains "ους". This is not a coincidence, nor is this a coincidence!
nitpick: the 'σ' in "ακουσαι" is an aspect marker; the actual cognate of the 'r' in "hear" is a rough breathing that dropped out between vowels.
Great Video.
A litte mistake in German for listen: It's "zuhören" not "hören"
Out of cuiosity: What were the old version of went?
The German Cognates for write are "reißen" (tear) and "ritzen" (scratch)
I did mention it though. Wurde erwähnt ;)
eode eodest eode eodon :)
@@irinaskuld Yes, you mentioned the word it is based on. I just added the German cognates so other people can read them. (Not intended to "correct" you)
I also learnd a lot. like:
- reißen and ritzen are related
- schnacken and Snack are also related
- think & thank are related.
@@irinaskuld Thanks I couldn't make it out just from listening.
Looks like the past tense was exotic for a long time.
BTW: under "eode eodest eode eodon :)" was a "Translate to: German" button.
The result was this;
"so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so"
😂🤣😂🤣
The danish example with "Han gav meg en bog" should have been "Han gav mig en bog"
Rectified. Meg is norsk.
The deep thinking is what I use tror for in norwegian
Closer to the English "I believe, I suppose"
If we confine ourselves to written Norwegian, then I think Irina is correct that using 'Tror' to mean 'Deep thought/deep thinking' is not correct.
Rather it would be "I believe" or "I suppose". It can ofc mean "I think" in the sense of "Jeg tror denne bussen går til byen"(I think this bus goes to the city).
But if we venture into the beautiful and bewildering landscape of Norwegian dialects.. well then all bets are off.
your Danish pronunciation of A is really off haha (you generally pronounce them like Danish æ or even e, but since it a sound that doesn't really exist in neither German nor Swedish, so you are excused ;) ). E.g. I heard "tele" as in telecommunication and not "tale". The a here should be more like the ä in a swedish räka
and sometimes Norwegian and Danish is mixed up, like lage/lave and meg/mig
But it was really interesting to see the languages compared and get some of the etymologies!
I have also to add that "vi bestemte os for at tage bussen hjem, fordi det var billigere" is a perfectly normal way of phrasing it in Danish as well
and "Ete" and "Æde" are also words for eating in (Bokmål) Norwegian and Danish. It just means to eat like an animal (or simply to eat when referring to actual animals haha)
I see now. Added the errors in the descriptions, my apologies for messing it up a bit :) Tak!
read = raten?
in german, there are two meanings. either "jemandem etwas raten" to give advice to someone" or
raten = guessing.
Etymologically it is the same root, despite the different meanings.
@@irinaskuld yes, just thought that I should mention it. and it is a bit funny, that guessing the letters and reading the letters has the same root, if you compare german and english.
You can also say snakke I Danish
Det vet vi :)))
It would have been fun if you added Afrikaans, a South African West-Germanic language.
I think I included it in other videos.
Hallo där, als jü kan se, datt ig schrive ein språk, welke är möglig forständlig för jig und jü kan lese und forstaan dett. Ja, dett heite de Intergermanisch språk, iz är ein Germanisch zonal hülpspråk.
25:50 - de översettzing in Intergermanisch: "Iz gav mig ein buk"
Yeah I'd prefer a Proto-Germanic reconstruction, I somehow find it very cringe :)))
@@irinaskuld this is kinda like a new version of proto-germanic, but it is because it's aim is to facilitate communication between speakers of native languages with sources coming from Germanic langauges, hence it is a Germanic zonal auxiliary constructed language, like others such as Interslavic and Neolatino. This gives it a big trio of Indo-european zonal auxiliary languages of Slavic, Germanic and Romance.
I am also creating Interbaltic or Starpbaltu kalboda for a Baltic zonal auxiliary language. Not related ik but just saying.
Prövar att svara på mitt modersmål svenska.
Roligt att höra så bra kunskaper om våra nordliga breddgrader. Det finns otaliga synonymer i de germanska språken som gör att goda kunskaper i det egna språket ofta ger en god grund för att förstå andra germanska språk.
Älvdalska vore ett jättefint ämne men jag tror det redan finns en omfattande förklaring i youtube världen.
Prufa að svara á móðurmáli mínu íslensku.
Gaman að heyra svona góða þekkingu á okkar norðlægu breiddargráðum. það finnast ótal samheiti í germönnskum tungumálum sem eykur þekkingu á eigin tungumáli, það er góður grunnur að skilja önnur germönsk tungumál
@@GuðmundurGeirSigurðsson Skrivet går det relativt bra att förstå dig.
"Prövar att svara på mitt modersmål isländska. Kul att höra att sådana goda ...på våra nordliga breddgrader. Det finns ett otal likheter i germanska tungomål som ... i eget tungomål. Det är goda grunder att skilja ...germanskat tungomål."
Svarar från en ort (Norrköping) som har många kopplingar fotbollsmässigt numer till Island.
Om forstaanen ig wil döe ein experiment mit dig, så ig gå schrive til dig in Intergermanisch språk, welke är ein zonal hülpkonstruërad språk för forständlig kommunikation tüssen de Germanisch sprëkren.
I wonder if sofa comes fra sova
Arabic word
@@irinaskuld oh nice thanks!
Great synopsis
why do i keep thinking of heidegger here…
Apart from the video ignoring that Norwegian has 2 written forms, very interesting video.
Yep, mea culpa, I did ignore Nynorsk. :(
@@irinaskuld The relatively brief language training I have does not equip me to tell related words apart from false friends, but I think including Nynorsk would have added quite abit of the history of these languages and further emphasized it. There were atleast a few Bokmål words in here where the Nynorsk word I'd use instead would seem to be related to one of the other languages.
I guess you'll just have to make a video entirely on Nynorsk words and what words in other languages they are related to ;P
@@essi2Guess so :P On the other hand, it's very cool that the audience can contribute quite a bit to an inevitably incomplete tackling of the subject matter.
There are a number of Germanic languages not mentioned anyway 😉
@@irinaskuldbut Bokmål is the standard Norwegian that foreigners learn, it’s just more commonly used compared to Nynorsk. However I know that there are parts of Norway mainly in rural area where Nynorsk is the dominant form
don't put the swiss flag if its not in the video :( i was let down
So sorry. It was included in a previous one.
The music is very distracting! I can't watch that.
You gave Norwegian the Danish form "lave" and Danish the Norwegian form "lage". The two should be swapped.
Norwegian = lage
Danish = lave
Yes, my bad. Corrected in the description.
Germanic team⬇️
lage is incorrect Danish. it's called lave like in Norwegian.
Corrected
You do not really have Norwegian here. You have used Norwegian Danish (bokmål) instead of Norwegian (nynorsk). The difference to Danish is minute because it is Danish.
Real Norwegian has tala or snakke, lytte or høyre, eta, drikke, koma, gå, sova, skrive, lesa, bu, arbeide, lage or gjera, gje or gjeva, vilja, tenkje.
Both of them are valid and though the differences are minute, politically they were divided. It is what it is, the boundaries between languages and dialects are often political . The reason for choosing Bokmal is that 80% of people use it in writing and as a foreigner you also learn Bokmal. So feel free to contribute ;)
@@irinaskuld Both of them are official, but linguistically one of them is Danish. Bokmål was based on a particular Danish dialect spoken in parts pf South-East Norway and standard Danish ortography, and official from 1929. Danish and Bokmål are East Nordic languages. Norwegian is a West Nordic language. This is what you find in Norwegian dialects and in Nynorsk. What you have to realise is that the language spoken in Oslo is not Norwegian. It is a form of Danish.
@sturlamolden You write "It's a form of Danish" and I say it's the ONLY way to pronounce the Danish language. Tak Gud for jeres offer og arbejde med vores fælles mål.
@@jamieflame01 The dialect on which Bokmål is based is actually a very archaic form of Danish, corresponding to how Danish was pronounced before the vowel shift in the 15th to 17th century. While the syntax and grammar of Bokmål are very similar to modern Danish, the sound system is comparable to late 14th century Danish. It is very likely that Queen Margaret I (yes spelled like that in English) sounded like someone from Oslo or Arendal. Norway officially calls Bokmål “Norwegian”, but it is actually based on the Danish used after spelling reforms in 1907 and 1917, then called Rigsmål.
I could also note that the pitch accent in Old Danish developed into something now called “stød” in Danish, while it still is present in the Danish version of Norwegian (and in Swedish). This is among the reasons Norwegians think Danes speak with a potato in their mouth, while Danes think Norwegians sound like someone singing or screaming for help.
Be as it may, the major difference is in how the sounds are made, and not in words, syntax or grammar. The differences in how it is written is really minute.
However, Nynorsk and Western Norwegian dialects are a different language. There are major differences in words, syntax and grammar. It also lacks the pitch accent that gives Eastern Norwegian its “sing-song” appearance. That is why I commented on the choice of Norwegian used in this presentation. It is actually a type of Danish, so comparing it to written Danish makes little sence. And when I say it is a type of Danish, please consider that it is spoken amd written by the majority of Norwegians (80% or so). It is very much the dominating language here in Norway, but in some sence it is not really Norwegian in an ethymological sence of the word. That honour belongs to Nynorsk and the Westen dialects.
It would have been great to include the Plattdeutsch(Low-German) as well. Far more powerful and closer to old Norse than the standard high German.
Noted!
Hoekom het jy nie Afrikaans ingesluit nie? Haha , just kidding. (It's basically Dutch but with all the complicated grammar and spelling rules excluded). 🙃
Think I had it in another video.
Er de islænding fru Verdandi??
Bar
Bar
Bar
Bar
Bar
Bar
Icelanders sleep on the sofa.