How far north did Neanderthals get?
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- Опубликовано: 27 сен 2024
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How far north did Neanderthals get? Did Neanderthals ever reach Scandinavia, Denmark, Sweden? It's an interesting question because we often think of Neanderthals as cold adapted. However answering it is very difficult.
I chatted to the team at NeanderEDGE who are working on answering this very problem.
projects.au.dk...
Sources:
Yaworsky, Peter M., et al. “The Neanderthal niche space of western Eurasia 145 ka to 30 ka ago.” Scientific Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, 2 Apr. 2024, doi.org/10.103....
Roebroeks, Wil, et al. “Landscape modification by last interglacial neanderthals.” Science Advances, vol. 7, no. 51, 17 Dec. 2021, doi.org/10.112....
Gaudzinski-Windheuser, Sabine, et al. “Widespread evidence for elephant exploitation by Last Interglacial Neanderthals on the North European Plain.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 120, no. 50, 4 Dec. 2023, doi.org/10.107....
Bocquet-Appel, Jean-Pierre, and Anna Degioanni. “Neanderthal demographic estimates.” Current Anthropology, vol. 54, no. S8, Dec. 2013, doi.org/10.108....
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First advert I have enjoyed watching😀 if this documentary thing does not work out you would do great in advertising
@@allangraham970 I only think that "FDA approved" does not mean "it works" it only means "it does not do harm".
Yeah, the "results may vary" is doing some heavy lifting here. Show us sources, or sod off. Edit: A quick google search reveals that it has 1.6 stars out of 5 on trustpilot. It's a scam, and you should be ashamed of yourself for advertising this snakeoil. Quick edit: It's 1.5 now.
@johannageisel5390
It doesn't guarantee that, either. Just that it probably doesn't do serious harm, most of the time, to a majority of adults. Products that are banned in the EU are allowed in the US. You wouldn't want to interfere with business, would you?
Hey Stefan. Thanks for the joy over the years. I’m interested in Neanderthals in Africa. How strong is the evidence, what were they likely like, etc. Hope you do an episode on that.
Just this morning my wife and I were having one of our discussions about how You Tube, like television itself in prior years, has become so much a Vast Wasteland. Then I glanced at my feed, shouted out "STEFAN MILO RELEASED A NEW VIDEO!", she came running, and for a bit more than half an hour, all was right with the world.
This sounds like an elaborate "hey babe" comment, ngl. xD
seconding this!
Yep, by the time a new one is released, I am more than ready for it.
Its only a wasteland if you dont curate your feed. Your comment is an example of how their is a mountain of excellent content for everyone.
Yes, YT has as much of a Vast Wasteland as TV used to have, probably more.
Unfortunately, that "Vast Wasteland" pays the bills because more people like the Kardashians than PBS's _Nova._
But if people _choose_ to watch the Vast Wasteland rather than that which is useful, it at least pays for what I personally prefer.
Even back in TV's days, I almost never watched more than about 2 minutes' worth of obvious garbage before changing the channel.
They got as far as Clacton and realised the Fish and Chips were no good.
Suddenly thinking of Mr. & Mrs. Brian Norris' epic trek from Surbiton to Hounslow...
But the reindeer jerky is delicious.
THERR WERE NO FISH CHIPS IN NEANDERTHAL TIME!!
@@youknowwhoiam4432 Are you dumb?
@@youknowwhoiam4432 No evidence of that
Hej Stefan, dane here, glad to see us featured in your video. Keep up the great work.
Are you saying Danes are Neanderthals?
@@Neilhuny Yes partly. As are all Europeans. Anyone with ancestry not exclusive to sub-saharan Africa has some neanderthal dna. With Europeans having the most. I am from the US and have more neanderthal dna than 97% of 23andme customers.
@@kylerBDnope, everybody have Neanderthaler dna even in sub Sahara africa they just have less
@@Neilhuny Recent studies have actually shown that danes have up to 34% neanderthal DNA which would go a long way to explain their general lack of culture and intelligence
Swede here! Not often Scandinavia is mentioned so we take what we get. I did a DNA test a few years ago since we can only trace my family back to mid 1800s, but it just came back "100% Scandinavian" , very uninteresting lol. Wonder how much Neanderthal I am though.
"Neanderthals: modern humanity cousins and part-time lovers" - Stefan Milosavljevich.
Brilliant xD
I love it. Going to quote it :)
I hope they were our second cousins at the very least!
I prefer to think of them as "friends with benefits."
That's not how I remember the song going.
Remember an other very old song, a pre- 10 CC (I'm not in Love, Wallstreet Shuffle, Dreadlock Holiday)
outfit called Hotlegs.
_I'm the Neanderthal man_
_You're the Neanderthal girl_
_Let's make Neanderthal love_
_In the Neanderthal world_
Accompanied by the requisite bang boom drum rhythm, of course
Doggerland is amazing! There was a big exhibition on it in Leiden.
To make sure the sea doesn't sweep away all our beaches, something called "the sand engine" was created. They sucked up sand from the bottom of the sea and deposited it in a special shape on the beach. Now we can walk along the beach and find fossils from doggerland after high tide and stormy weather! An especially interesting piece that was found was this animal bone with a piece of a flint arrowhead inside it...
🤗 interesting
In a way, that's really cool, but it's also unfortunate because it removes the context of those artifacts and context is one of the most important things when it comes to knowing about said artifacts.
@@Lutefisk445 Absolutely, but unfortunately Doggerland is now 20m deep under water, and I doubt archeology has the budget to go excavating there. Maybe the construction of all those windmills might provide some opportunities?
So wild to think that whole cultures lived and died upon that landscape, regarding it as unchanging and immutable--a place eternal. Now it's all under the sea--their hunting grounds and villages, the meeting-spaces and the favoured rivers with all the best fish, the ambition of every young hunter chasing his first big stag. A lost world.
So envious!!
Hi. I live in Finland. The ice age was nasty. We have one cave. And it's pathetic. Pls send more caves. Otherwise we can't find any neanderthal stuff.
Any permafrost? That keeps things fresh for years.
@@nomadpurple6154 No.
Well, yes, but so far up in the north there's no way neanderhals went up there. Also those pockets are small.
I just did a search to see if the Baltic existed at that time , if it would bar a northern expansion of neanderthal. It did , but it was also a warmer period in earths history. This kind of fits with something else I read recently. Apparently neanderthals were not adapted to temperature extremes as much as modern humans . They could not live in as cold or as hot environments as us
I am sorry, it seems as the caves were all sent to Iceland
we are going to keep them, the neanderthals need to live somewhere else
@@al3xisd3ad I am getting old! Need cave now! No more sleeping in snow!
I’ve got my 12 year old daughter hooked on your videos. She’s been asking me if you’ve posted new content for the past few weeks. You should have heard her when she saw your newest video! We love your work. I can see your enthusiasm in every video you make and I’m happy that you’ve released this one! Thank you for just being real.
She probably just doesn't know what else you like that isn't lame lol. This is the common ground.
Hearing that there might have only been 70,000 of them around at a given time, and we're finding things over 100,000 years later...that's mind blowing to me. The fact we find anything about them at all is stunning.
Absolutely. And this is why I do not subscribe to the "Sapiens outcompeted them". 1) 70 000 people at the most=neanderthals, knowing the terrain were perfectly able to avoid Sapiens if they had thought Sapiens were hostile. 2)Neanderthals endured from 400 000 to 40 000 BC: in my book, that tells me they were very well adapted to their environment. 3) Considering the vast expanses of land and the small populations both of Neanderthals/Denisovans and also Sapiens, it is rather a miracle they did meet. And of course, once they met, they mated.
@@annepoitrineau5650 Your last point is a striking one I hadn't really thought about deeply (though I should have lol). When populations are so small, the likelihood of bumping into others has to become staggeringly small; unless you have the means, and the will to find them. There will be some "bottlenecks" that will make meetings more likely, but still; the world must have seemed awesomely big to them. Then again, over thousands of years, even unlikely things will happen many times.
I mean it’s recorded that they have, many Europeans have around 1-2 % Neanderthal dna
couldnt have said it better my self.
and theres probaly 1000ns if not 10.000ns of aboriginal tripes we will never ever learn about because they lived in rainforrest areas or deep in russian tundra areas where no sain humans ever go.
but not only tribes with bizzar convelutet behaiviors.
but also humans kinds we will probaly never know about because its frozen under 2 miles of ice. or eroded away millions years ago doe to weather.
my best bet would be go yo huuuge desserts around the world and dig there.
u do know the dessert in and around saudi arabia used to me a rain forrest right?
@@tommeakin1732u seem to forget 70.000 neanderthals in the at that time intire world.
was way LESS than moderman walking out of africa in big big groups and stay together weather going to asia middle east or europe is a fare better strategi than neanderthals might have walked alone and one day by accident bumped into another neanderthal.
choise is still. in the other neander....dinner. possible maid or a rival.
modetn man traveled in town or family groups of aome sort and had their places within that group
interaction for our brother
"NeanderEdge" is certainly an interesting project name, something our ancestors should be familiar with :)
Oh it’s a golden day for me! Day off work after back surgery AND a Stefan Milo video !
Thankyou so so much
You’re worth your weight in Pure gold
I hope you recover quickly from your surgery.
@@brandyjean7015 Thankyou
Aboriginal people of Australia used fie to assist hunting. Maybe neanderthals did the sane
@@allangraham970 makes perfect sense
As an Australian myself I’m familiar with the practise. 🇦🇺🇦🇺🇦🇺
I don’t think the world listens to our Aboriginal people anywhere near enough! They’re the oldest continuous race of people on earth, with proven stories going back to events 100,000 years ago
I love your comment and your thankful positivity 🌞, I hope you recover well.
This channel is the only one that doesn’t make my brain feel like it’s melting under the crushing pressures of the short form content being hurled at us second of every day.
Shout out to the team for the donation to UNICEF ❤ and thanks again Stefan, I love all your videos , especially the longer ones🎉
I love how Stefan giggles. His enthusiasm for the topic is infectious.
It's so incredible to think that there are probably more people who study Neanderthals alive today than there were Neanderthals alive at any given point un time
Oh that's so trippy to think about!
Just feeling a bit down this morning…then I got some caffeine, opened RUclips and saw a new Stefan Milo video! Now it’s a good day 😊
For a sec I thought the title said "How far north did Netherlands get?" and I imagined Dutchmen expanding north as sea levels receded.
The Dutch, while usually very cosmopolitan, can be quite intrepid. It’s a good image!
The Dutch did settle in settle Scandinavia, Gothenburg for example was situated by them
I only realized that that wasn't what this video was about after I had clicked on it lol
We wouldn't have let the sea back in
Read about the Dutch expedition to Nova Zemlya - they were looking for a shortcut to Indonesia. Obviously they did not find the shortcut, but they had some great polar bear stories.
This channel is such a gem! Keep up the good work ☺️
i’m not a nerd about this yet stefan but you’re helping with that
Stefan: "Hello Denmark"
Every danish person watching: "Hej der skaldede britte fra internettet"
Watch your language young lady.
@@joesands8860 Is calling someone British considered offensive now?
@@Carewolf That’s the joke. It’s another “British are bad” joke.
Well, he’s got more hair than me ....... 🤔
I mostly take offense to someone who clearly has lost the fight with male pattern baldness trying to sell me on a product they either don't use, or clearly doesn't work.
And now i have Stevie Wonder's "Part-time Lover" stuck in my head for the duration of the video...
Bah, bah, bah, bah, buh-dobba-dah🎶
A Stevie Wonder /Stefan Milo collaboration! What could be better?
Ditto
Loaded with great information, as always. Quite amazing to hear the population estimates, it really puts things into astounding perspective. And I love the droll humour. That Brexit joke got a large, albeit pained, guffaw out of me.
Just watched on Nebula, great video! Thanks to everyone for their time and help bringing such an interesting topic to RUclips.
Great video as always, Stefan. This is really interesting stuff and you have a great way of distilling complex topics in a way that isn't pandering.
Idk why, but I misread the title as How far north did the Netherlands get and it took me nearly 30 seconds into the video to realize it lol.
Exact same thing happened to me
As far north as they can build dykes. Just wait a bit and they’ll have dug up doggerland by then.
It took me nearly 30 secs to realize you actually wrote "the Netherlands"
@@laavalus696lol same.
@@laavalus696Same I was so confused
Thank you Stefan, Trine, Peter and Emil for a delightful and interesting video. And a special applause for the generous donation to UNICEF.
Yay! I got the notification on time! Thanks Stefan!
I REALLY needed this today..
I was just thinking yesterday -"That bloody Milo fella has been slack"- "About time we got another amusing and interesting piece from Stefan".
:)
8:52 Perfect example of that "If not friend, why look like friend?" question.
Just a friendly reminder that Neanderthals actually has bigger brains than we do and were NOT some dumb brutes. We honestly shouldn't be "surprised" by anything we find.
Actually that's a myth. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33459351/
Or… they could have been guided by aliens. Which, of course, the status quo doesn’t want you to think about.
The woke crowd wants you to think Neanderthals are smart because they want you to vote for a Neanderthal like Biden.
To survive and prosper that long ago.. you must be very smart,intelligent and intuitive with nature..
I’m pretty sure this is now the consensus my friend.
They didn't prosper. Neanderthals were limited in range and numbers.
Great video! Thank you for the fascinating content regarding expanding our understanding the Neanderthal and the extent of their northern boundaries!
Hey, Stefan your videos are awesome keep up the great work. Best wishes to you are your family, commenting for the Algorithm.
Love your work and passion for pre-history. Keep up the great work!!
Totally brilliant... Thanks for such good video and the important project being done and ideas/possibilities of where neanderthals were
Stefan I have probalem, I cannot stop watching your videos, I found your videos a little over a year ago and you have been a great educator to me through my studies in archaeology at university. You are such an inspiration to me and motivate me to pursue my dream of digging holes and finding some interesting things!
Another absolute banger from Stefan
Hey Stefan, Love your work. Always a joy and really looking forward to the next one. Walked past Moesgaard Museum today, lovely place!
Thank you, Stefan, and your guests. This video is excellent.😊
Great!, a new SM video, always look fwd to these coming, time to watch with a cup of tea and a biscuit, as I always do, I guess you could call it a ritual.
Fascinating! One of your best videos so far, Stefan.
Quality stuff as always! Wish I'd heard a little about Neanderthals in Scotland but will need to look into that myself! Great video, absolutely infectious passion
I was also very interested in the National Doughnut Day of Krispy Kreme.
Keep the good work Stefan!
Great content as always! I think it's awsome that you get all this profesionals to participate.👌
Damn. I was hoping for at least a mention of the discussion about the Neanderthal presence at the Wolf Cave in Kristinestad, near the Karijoki municipality in Finland.
I think other human species were as smart as us. I don’t doubt they would be able to make it super far across the world.
Not actually another species - it’s the same species with some different variations of genomes that is almost the same.
Just love listening to you nerd out with a refreshing sense of humor to boot!
Beautifully and intelligently delivered.
Great video, great team, and absolutely didn't need subtitles! Hell, Trine even pronounced "gif" correctly!
Well done!
Yo yo yo… I’m like 6 days late but I’ve been busy man, get off my back. You rock Stefan. Literally the first backlog video I went to. And yeah, I feel your excitement. I geek out on this too, along with many other geeky obsessions.
Another fascinating video and great work by the group! Good luck for finding evidence of Neanderthal presence further up north!
im as early to this video as humans were late to migrate to new zealand
Wild New Zealand mention 😋🩷
humans couldn't find NZ because it's not shown on many world maps
@BlaBla: Nope. The Dutch just didn't discovered it yet. At least if seen from a Western prospective. I'll bet the inhabitants of New Ginae, Salomon Achipelego or the Aboriginals knew where it was.
They were joking about how New Zealand is often left off of world maps.
The Polynesian Maori didn't settle New Zealand until around the 13 hundreds AD/CE, and are believed to be the islands first human inhabitants.
If those groups you mentioned new of it beforehand, they don't appear to have stayed.
Love your channel Stefan!! Keep up the good work. Cheers from Norway
20:20 "10 meters down, 20 meters down, that's such a challenge to excavate in, basically an impossible challenge to excavate.
uhm.... i know this is archeology but uh.... i think 10-20 meters is very doable, especially if the sediment layers above don't contain any artifacts, and even then, I've heard of archeological digs that go more than 30 meters deep in places like Rome where the ground is basically made of artifacts (obvious exaggeration). to me at least, this seems worth the time to dig.
Yeah, honestly I don't have the best impression on the danish paleontologists we saw. They seem to both use unncessarily complex methods (why look for almost invisible lakes when you could seach for prehistoric bogs on the beach?) but also seem to be too shy to try actual excavations.
If you want easy to access remains, you go on the beach and look for ancient bog. If you want to excavate an ice age lake, you must be prepared to remove a huge layer of modern sedimentation. And maybe use a place during summer to notice weird formations instead of purely geophysical, it helps to cover much more space.
@@Ezullof I think they just lack the funding that someone searching for Roman remains would have, maybe it’s a language barrier and they meant stagnant water bodies in general and not just lakes?
@duckpotat9818 Agreed its the funding. It's one thing to excavate down 20 meters in a place like Rome where you are guaranteed to find something. It's another when it's in the middle of nowhere and your not sure if anything is even there. I'm sure many people aren't willing to fund such things. Which is why I'm sure they are trying to find places with a high possibility of artifacts before starting.
@@duckpotat9818 yea funding is almost definitely the largest problem, but as i said, i think it deserves to have more effort into it, perhaps use those ground penetrating radars to scan an area to see if its worth digging, and if it is, then 20-30 meters doesn't seem like much to find some potentially important hints at our evolution, or the evolution of our nearest relatives.
Great to hear you again!😅
Love how he starts and ends videos with a fresh haircut, but halfway through production, he’s rocking that lazy, disheveled look!
Thanks for the banger dad . I smoked up for this one . Worth it . I am a Neanderthal AMA
Fascinating, as are all of your videos!
Almost thought I hallucinated this video being posted when I was half sleep and saw the notification 😂 glad it's real
Thanks for the Neanderthal content 👊
I love this channel, I love your work, I am grateful to the people who so graciously share their knowledge here. This channel is a shining light showing what the internet can do. (I like to imagine a distant future where a future Stefan Milo finds this channel somehow and uses it as evidence to show that we were not all idiots in the early 21st Century).
Hej hej from Denmark
♫ Aarhus, in the middle of aar street ♩
Stop this madness!!
Excellent, excellent video with so much work put into it!
Definitely one of your best videos. Thanks.
They are humans, therefor it is only to be expected that they can adapt (with artificial means like clothing, fire and shelter building) to a large range of temperatures.
hearing about possible archaeological sites being buried too deep or being underwater makes me sad for all that could be
Well done Stefan. Another gem from you. I am always a little bit wiser after watching your videos! I studied Quaternary geology at university about 50 years ago now and it's wonderful to see how our knowledge and techiques have improved in those intervening decades. Thanks again for your clear explanations and beautiful presentation.
I’m not bald, nor am I going bald, but I am happy that there is a new video.
It’s quite possible that they actually used fire for hunting. Natives in Australia have been doing that for thousands of years, and still do it today!
Hello Stefan I love your content! You should do an episode on the Taínos and the “Father Nazarino stones.”
Very cool. I love how often you repeat that some things are unclear and unknowable ("very hard to know")...
Fascinating! Thank you!
Thank you 1 milion times for these absolutely precious videos ❣️
Finally I’ve been waiting for a video lol
Once again you have informed me, thank you Stefan
Stefan sending out another banger love learning through your videos
You do a good job explaining things to us.
It’s always a treat when you post a new video! Thanks from an Earth science teacher in NYC (by way of Portland 🌹).
It seems reasonable that a few of them would have summer homes in Scandinavia. I hear it’s lovely that time of year
Something very satisfying to learn so much from your videos. Appreciate your work.
Yes, Stefan, I am a nerd about these things like you.
Probably the best keeps commercial I've ever seen.
Only 5,000 to 70,000 Neanderthals alive at a time? That is mind blowing. I was truly expecting more. Like hundreds of thousands.
Zdravo Stefan !
Awesome topic!
Most informative lecture on Neanderthal rise and decline.
I really like the synthesis of approaches Stefan, archeological evidence, genetics and especially the particular context through oral histories, relating the stories to ancient events. A nice follow on to the Crater Lake video. If you ever find yourself in Sheffield again, I`d happily buy you a beer!
Thank you, thank you, Great video on an interesting topic.
Just finished the video and really enjoyed all the interviews, can tell you put a lot of hard work in!! Thank you and keep up the fantastic work ❤
Every video is fascinating
Thanks Milo. I depend on your reporting to feel like I'm following the science.
The “hej Denmark” had me dying
Great video as always Stefan! Glad midsommar från Sverige!💫
I'mma fact check you right here: at 2:37, Knjaz Miloš is not a brand of slivovica but of water, and it's not Bosnian but Serbian. Apart from that, great video. I am continuously impressed by just how many seemingly unrelated streams of evidence anthropologists manage to pull together and use them to shed light on our pre-history.
As a dutchman: your second pronunciation of Krijn was spot on!
I get so ridiculously excited seeing you upload!’
Loved the hair treatment ad! Before and after shots of using the treatment was a nice touch and the neanderthal male model at the end made me laugh!
Beautiful episode, so thought-provoking! My archeology studies in the 1980s have been left far behind.
that's so tricky because it's so environmentally disruptive to dredge locations like that too
Amazing data, I love seeing the different scientific disciplines working together. Fascinating stuff.