@@morrari690 According to Wikipedia, "stad" here does not mean city but is old Dutch for "stead" (stede) or "place", so "stadtholder" (which is the correct English term) means "steward".
i posted another chart yesterday. it's of the monarchs of Brazil which lasted from Portuguese colonization to the last emperor of a independent Brazil, Peter II.
I notice i small mistake . Juliana isnt a dother from wilhelmina. Becouse of a disise wilhelmina count have healty childeren. and therefor the real queen whas a dowy. she is changed whit a village girl near the domain of the orange. Its a secret thats redraw from the public.
What very conveniently goes unmentioned by "experts" in European Lineage is the fact that all Royal Bloodlines in Europe descend from *T2 and H mitochondrial and Y-DNA*. All of them-- through proximity of blood or from unbroken male or female lines in which the DNA has never changed. Can you do more to put this in the public domain since you decided to contradict me on whether George Washington produced heirs in the British West Indies?
Ek het gehoor dat hollands en afrikaans baie naby aan mekaar is so sê vir my, kan jy hierdie verstaan? Translation: I heard that dutch and afrikaans are closely related so tell me, do you understand me?
@@CaraTheStrange Afrikaans kan ik redelijk goed begrijpen. En nu kan ik eindelijk een deze gedachte kwijt. *Als je springbock letterlijk als een Engels woord leest is en het dan weer terug vertaalt in het Nederlands krijg je Lentebok, een soort bier.* *when you read springbock as an English word and translate it back in Dutch you get ‘lente’ that is the season, and bok, a male goat. Together makes that lentebok, a special beer.*
@@CaraTheStrange Yes i can understand it. ...well to some degree. It's more like i can figure out what the question is to be honest. You write ' I heard that Dutch and Afrikaans are closely related to each other, can i understand this?' But that isn't so strange after all Afrikaans was introduced on 6 april 1652 when Dutch settlers founded the Dutch cape colony. Since then it has evolved but like 90% is still simular spoken out it's even harder to understand for us. But let me reverse the sentence in modern day Dutch 'Ik heb gehoord dat Nederlands and Afrikaans aan elkaar verwant zijn, kan je dit verstaan?' Then you will notice more then 370 years seperate the languages. Afrikaans is old Dutch that has evolved over 370 years in a different country. FYI Holland is just a part of the Netherlands. It indeed has 2 provences called North and South Holland but there are 10 other provinces as well. Since the seat of government and the capital are located in the North and South Holland procences, foreigners think it's called Holland. But Dutch is spoken in all provences and the whole country is called The Netherlands.
Interesting fact that wasn't mentioned: in 1983 the Dutch changed the succession rules to absolute primogeniture, so that Willem-Alexander's daughter are still first in line, even if they somehow get a younger brother. Netherlands was the second European monarchy to establish absolute primogeniture, after Sweden in 1980.
Fun Fact: Adolph, the successor of William III. in Luxemburg, was originally the Duke of Nassau. However, his Duchy was conquered and annexed by Prussia as a result of the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, so he lived as a private nobleman for almost 30 years until he inherited the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg in 1890.
Private VERY WEALTHY noblemen. He recieved monetary compensation from the Prussian government and was allowed to retain almost all of his stately residences in Nassau. I think it’s the money he received from Prussia that was the basis for the current Luxembourgish monarchy’s wealth.
Bonus fact: Queens Juliana and Beatrix both abdicated on the same holiday - April 30 (in 1980 and 2013) which is the monarch's national holiday (Kings/Queens Day), making it very easy to calculate their reigns. Also, after retiring, their title changed to princess instead of queen.
And being an old fart I still blame Willem-Alexander for not keeping that "tradition" but changing the national holiday to a few days earlier, just because that's his birthday. gmmmmbl, selfish prick.
Pedantic but..... : They did not change their title to princess but maintained the title of prince(ss) of Orange, a principality the family still claims the title to. (Guess how the French government feels 'bout that :D )
You are right and you are wrong. The Kings/Queens birthday is the national holiday. As April 30 was Juliana's birthday. Beatrix however was born on Jan 31, which is a bit cold for outdoors festivities. So she kept it on April 30. Willem however is born on April 27, Ergo we now have the national holiday on April 27. ;-) Curious to see what Amalia will do in the future with her Dec 7 birthday.
@@DutchLabrat it’s slightly different, they (and Queen Wilhelmina as well) reverted to the title of Prince(ss) of Orange-Nassau, which all members of the Dutch royal house have and which the monarch for the time being retains. The title of Prince of Orange is only held by the heir apparent of the day (Princess of Orange was before 1983 only used for the heir apparent’s wife, since the constitutional change of 1983 only for the heiress apparent).
Not to mention her wit especially with Wilhelm II when he mentioned his guards were 7 feet tall and hers were only shoulder high to them. And then she remarked that when she opens her dykes the water will be 10 feet deep.
@@TheDeluche Wilhelm 2 would never have attacked the Netherlands. There was no benefit in it. Modern air warfare didn't exist and the idea of landings on the beaches even less. Also, the neutrality of dutch ports meant the germans could buy goods through the Netherlands. Otherwise not obtainable. Basically, Dutch neutrality prolonged the war in favor of the Germans...
@@dgray3771Well, landings on beaches... There were several in history though. Look at the invasion of the Normans in 1066 England for example. But not on a scale possible by WWI standards indeed. Also, for the Allies it was a handy trade channel as well to have a neutral party inbetween. It saved a front and they got Axis produced goods by the Dutch as well. In recent research, the Netherlands was proven to be a drugs lab for all troops around as well. Otherwise the troops wouldn't go over the top. The Netherlands had the luxury position in post-war Europe. It was the largest economy of them all and the largest intact one. The Dutch became rich of trade and drugs in the War (where did we hear that again? 😉).
This is really interesting. Being a Brit I’ve only ever really known about the British/English monarchy and not much about any others so it’s fun to learn about these other kingdoms
@@TMK411 He's talking about the widely known fact that England doesn't consider any history that's pre William the Conqueror to be canon. Not Echbert, Alfred, nor any of the Kings during the time of the 7 kingdoms, like Offa of Mercia who was actually recognized by Charlemagne. Your country's weird for doing that, ngl. There's a tale in Scotland about an Egyptian Princess named Scotia, who fled Egypt, went to Scotland, married Goídal Glas, and is the ancestor to the kings of the Picts, and the High Kings of Ireland. It's theorized that Princess Scotia was actually Meritaten, sister of Tutankhamen, daughter of Akhenaten, and fled after the Amarna heresy instead of dying. When they found King Tut and checked his genome, they found that his genes matched current day Brits at 70%, mainland Europeans at 50%, and modern day Arab-Egyptians less than 1%. Seems like your country wants to keep that a secret for some reason.
10:33 note he traded it for just *Eastern* Luxembourg, the western part became part of of the United Netherlands as a province (in the Southern Netherlands and later part of Belgium). Also a big southern part ended up with France. edit: and part of the Eastern side went to Prussia too, basically everything east of the Our, Sauer and Mosel rivers.
@@fukpoeslaw3613 look up the article 'Partitions of Luxembourg' on Wikipedia, it has a nice overview. Note a significant Eastern portion also went to Prussia. Metz was originally a bishopric and later a city republic, so a neighbour and not a constituent of any instance of Luxembourg.
I suppose though under the EU mix of European Parliament and Council Of Ministers a lot of over-arching strategic legislation brings the harmonious trade and participation of residents equally over all the areas even if there is no direct family rule
From the very start of every Useful Charts video, I always know there's a good story coming along. Real life history provides the facts, but the presentation here in these videos always makes them so enjoyable. Well done!
Very happy to appear in this video 8:00 , I was hoping to appear in the previous one (Best Fan-made Charts of 2022) but it shows that the other charts are very good.
I love the development of the development of the Dutch monarchy, such as fascinating piece of history despite it being so young in comparison to other monarchies in Europe
It kinda traded places with France. France went from one of Europe’s oldest kingdoms to (eventually, after 2 empires and some more kings) its youngest republic and the Netherlands went from one of the oldest republics to one of the newest kingdoms.
@@Edmonton-of2ec never thought of it that way but that is an amazing piece of information, I also like how the Dutch were the first monarchy in Europe to introduce absolute primogeniture if I'm not mistaken that is
Orded the latest version of the chart for my grandma, and giving it to her in a few days! It's a bit of a late Hanukkah gift, but one I know she'll love.
fun fact: the grandnephew of Willam the Silent, John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen, was the governor of Dutch Brazil (yes, that was a thing) between 1637 and 1643. Even today, there are people in Northeastern Brazil that claim descent from him
Parts of Brazil were held by the Dutch and the Portuguese. The Portuguese city of Recife was captured by the Dutch. There were a number of Marranos/Conversos living there. They were Jews who were forcibly converted to Christianity and who were living Jewish lives in secret. Under the tolerant Dutch the Marranos threw off their false Christianity and started living openly as Jews. The Portuguese recaptured the city and the Inquisition was coming to try the Jews as Heretics. The Jews escaped the city by boat in 1653 and sailed to New Amsterdam appealing for asylum. Governor General Peter Stuyvesant refused them entry since they did not have the means to support themselves. The Jews appealed the decision to the Dutch West India Company. A number of Jewish stockholders offered to support the group and they were allowed to land. They became the first Jews to settle in what became New York in 1664 when the English took New Amsterdam from the Dutch.
Though functionally similar to a Governor, the title Stadhouder lies closer in meaning to the English word "Steward", as in the _Stewards_ of Gondor ruling the nation after Eärnur disappeared. William, as stadhouder, answered to Margareta of Parma, who ruled the low countries as a whole as governor in Philips' name.
6:16 for those wondering about the nature of Johan de Witt's grizzly death by the mob: he was at least partially eaten. As an inhabitant of the Netherlands, my only guess is that the members of the mob were on their way back from a football match, had had a couple of beers and a puff of the good stuff, and had the uncommon simultaneous ideas of going into politics and satisfying the munchies.
main mover in the lynching of the de Witts was the son of admital Maarten Harperszoon Tromp, Cornelis Tromp who have had previous conflicts ith the de Witts and with Micheal de Ruyter. He was passed as chief admiral and knew how to hold a grudge, eventually he drank himself to death.
@@Gameflyer001In The Hague in 1672, people were not really poor though, the reason that Johan de Witt (and, incidentally, his brother Cornelis) were lynched was that France, Münster, and England had collectively declared war on the Netherlands. De Witt did not believe that the Republic could win this war, and pursued appeasement. William V, the Prince of Orange (but not Stadtholder at that time) believed differently, and also saw a chance to seize power. His loyalists managed to rile up the people against De Witt, and violence and murder ensued. The phrase "Eat the Rich", supposedly, originated during the French Revolution, and are believed to have first been used by the philosopher Rousseaux ("if the poor have nothing to eat anymore, they will eat the rich")
Princess Irene was not removed from the line of succession for marrying a Catholic (although it probably contributed), but for marrying a pretender to the Spanish throne who as head of the Carlist faction was at that time actively trying to get Franco to name him as future king. The Dutch Government had no wish to get involved in the restoration of the Spanish monarchy or in the ongoing dispute between the competing factions of the exiled Spanish royals over succession rights. No attempt was made to get permission from the Dutch Parliament for the marriage, thus Irene lost her right to the Dutch throne. At Carlos Hugo's side she lobbied for Carlist succession in Spain throughout the 60s and 70s. In the end Carlos Hugo never did become king of Spain, as Franco chose Juan Carlos for his successor.
actually princess Irene is not in the line of succession because her marriage was not approved by parliament her husband being catholic might have played a small role in the decision but more important was his status as carlist pretender which he refused to resign from.
I found interesting that you chose to mention that Maxime is the daughter of someone who participated in the argentinian dictatorship, but have never mentioned that Luis Alfonso, "duke of anjou" is the great-grandson of Francisco Franco, even that he has appeared frequently on Spain's and France's alternative sussecion videos
These Kind of mentions always are weirdly selective. Beatrix' husband had "embarrassing Nazi ties" aka he participated in mandatory youth service and mandatory army service. That's worth mentioning more than why the richest woman in the world was so rich (colonialism)?
@@Inzersdorf93 Both equally interesting , I wondered how she got the money and figured something to do with the Dutch East Indies and Royal Dutch Shell investments over time.
@@Inzersdorf93 I mean if you had to start pointing out unfair wealth acquisition in videos about royal families, you’d never be able to finish a sentence
Actually, the lowlands are called the low countries because they are in the lower basin of the rivers Rhine, Scheldt and Meuse. Not because parts of it lie below sea level. Gaining land that lies below sea level by draining (creating 'polders') only (seriously) started in the 16th century (right before the 80 Year War). The low countries were being called the low countries centuries before that.
I get it, even though the lynching and consequent cannibalizing of the brothers deWitt are popular stories in the Netherlands, there is a growing group of historians that think this didn't happen (at least not the cannibalizing part)
@@Panteni87 My understanding of it is that the brothers were lynched and had their corpses mutilated (with some body parts currently being in the possession of a museum), but that at most only a small part of them was eaten by no more than a few indivuals out of a very large mob. I do believe some body parts were sold as souvenirs.
@@rienksjoerdsma that is the most realistic view, and the one I share. The story that they were eaten by the mob is more fun though (and I suspect, an event that the netherlands is inching towards once again)
As an American with not many known english ancestors from the 1700s and More known dutch ancestors from the 1700s. Now there is a Family Tree I can probably relate to. Thank you so much
Supposedly my Irish family is from the Low Countries arriving from battle against Spain (complicated) nearly impossible to paper chase the verbal story from the mid 1600s to the late 1700s
4:40 'keep in mind he wasn't a monarch'. That was the exact reason that his title 'Prince of Orange' was of such importance, because that gave William of Orange a monarchial status (even though he was only a prince in name) and a true replacement for the king of Spain as ruler of the Netherlands.
I've always loved how all the European Royal families are connected. Use it quite often in my lectures on genetics to due to the occurance of hemophilia in the pedigree. It used to be known as the 'Royal Disease' and the actual mutation causing the disease was only discovered when the bones of the Romanovs were discovered and analyzed with Alexei being a known case of the disease and his sisters being potential carriers of the disease. Back to the Dutch side of the family. I love that we as a nation have had a strained relationship with Germany in the past for obvious reasons, yet our entire royal family is filled with people from Germany and German descent. Also the controversial spouses of our Monarchs is a bit of theme isn't it. Yet I'm pretty sure that Maxima is more popular amongst the public than Willem Alexander is. The controversy was more political than amongst the people I think.
Your charts have inspired me to make my own family tree. I've got every branch except one great grandparent traced back to the 1820s or earlier. I traced my male line to Charles X of France, so I've been able to go back to the middle ages through him
Great to see a tree of my Royal Family. I am currently making a chart of ALL the Nassau-members, starting way up there. By adding all the wives I get all kinds of cross-mariageline, which are fascinating. I hope to be able to share this chart with you one day. I am not on reddit, so I don't know my way there.
Really cool. I think I forgot that the village I grew up in (Anna Paulowna) was actually the wife of William II and she was gifted that land and hence forth it was called Anna Paulowna. Funny to be reminded of that this way.
A little point about the link between the colour and the title Orange: The principality never used the colour, its coat of arms is a blue-white horn on a field of yellow. This is still found on the personal coats of arms of all members of the family. The name is probably after a local Gaul God. The colour orange/oranje is named after the fruit which is named after the Sanskrit Naranga, orange tree. The fact they are homophones is pure accidental and only noticed during the 80 years war.
The dukes on Burgundy would be a fine addition to the chart! As the first dynasty of Burgundian dukes is on it, the second (and more prosperous) should be on it to!
Thats absolutly my feeling. Startet with the son of a frech King up to maria. Charles the bold had nearly created a New kingdom burgundy. If he had sons - Not the bourbons had achived the french Throne and until today Navarra would exist. The Habsburg empires in Austria and spain could Not grow. Europe would be very different today.
through Wikipedia research, he is the simplified family tree that goes from Philip II of Burgundy(the first Valois duke of Burgundy to the current King of the Netherlands, Willem Alexander) Philippe II le Hardi --> John I the Fearless --> Philip III the Good--> Charles I the Bold --> Mary of Burgundy (wife of Emperor Maximilian) ---> Philip I of Castile ---> Ferdinand I of HRE ---> Maria of Austria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg ----> Marie Eleonore of Cleves ---> Anna of Prussia ----> Georg Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich I of Prussia ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia ---> Prince Augustus William of Prussia ---> Wilhemina of Prussia the elder ----> King Willem I of the Netherlands ---> King Willem II ---> King Willem III ---> Queen Wilhelmina ---> Queen Juliana --> Queen Beatrix ---> King Willem Alexander
@@theflemishclonetrooper9665 yes. Wikipedia genealogical research of Royal Families is really interesting. i remembered that Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg had a Habsburg great-grandmother, which means that the House of Orange-Nassau thus are also descended from the Duke of Burgundy
21:20: I don't believe Irene marrying a catholic was the issue, but rather the fact that she also did not receive permission from Parliament? (same for her sister Christina)
I love that our royal family is so wild and so open about it, that the wildest thing I learned today is that some people had the misfortune to fly with a captain nicknamed Prince Pils. God, I miss the Republic. Justice for De Witt!
Why don't you guys do to your current PM what you did to Dewitt? At least DeWitt wasn't trying to plunge your country into a recession by messing with the way that people farm. Of course, I'm an American, my President's more incompetent than your PM, so I have no room to talk.
Very nice and comprehensive video, only a small detail. At 5.44 you talk about the end of the 30-Year War, when it in fact was the 80-Year War! Other then that, great video.
Great video. Just wanted to mention I believe you misspelled Johan de Witt (in the video it is "Johan de Wiit", or it is an English spelling I am unfamiliar with.
If I am not mistaken the name of the dynasty comes from the southern French city of Orange and has nothing to do with the fruit or the color but I believe the Dutch have adopted the color as the national color in comparatively recent times.
The city and colour have the exact same name in Dutch as well (oranje) so the link to the colour is easily made. The red in the Dutch tricolour used to be orange instead of red, this prince's flag was likely in reference to his name/title.
@@ducovanderwoude6971 In English at least there never used to be such a color as orange -it was considered a hue of red -hence the word 'redhead" -for people with orange hair-a fox,for example was simply described as a red animal or a brown one-until comparatively recently -then it was decided to be more nuanced so the color of the orange fruit was adopted .Don't know the exact time this happened!
When Charles V abdicated the most important part of the Netherlands was not the county of Holland but the county of Flanders and the dutchy of Brabant. Holland only being a distant third at that time.
Another fantastic video as always. I do have a request though. Your videos are heavily reliant on audio so if you need to make a correction, please re-record the audio instead of flashing up the correction on screen. It's also great for blind people.
8:12 It's fascinating to me that both John William Friso and Johan Friso (1968-2013, brother of current King) died in similar fashion. Albeit not by drowning Johan Friso died after being stuck under a avalanche too long, effectively drowned by snow.
Great video, only the map at 10:28 isn't correct. Luxembourg used to be over twice its shown and current size before 1830. Then Belgium took those lands which resulted in the current borders.
That isn't correct, in 1815 the Congress of Vienna partitioned Luxembourg in three parts, the western part went to the United Kingdom of The Netherlands (becoming the Province of Luxembourg there), most of the eastern part became the Grand-Duchy and the outer eastern part (east of the Our, Saur and Mozel rivers) went to Prussia. In 1830 Belgium simply started from the Southern Netherlands provinces, including that Luxembourg province that by then existed for 15 years already, it's not like they 'took' it or whatever.
@@GBOAC I’m afraid your version is not correct. The Congress of Vienna did include the western part in the Grand-Duchy, it was split off only in 1839 in the partition treaty of the Netherlands and Belgium.
Louis actually was quite fond of the Dutch people. Most of the Dutch people where protestant and Napoleon was Catholic. So Napoleon wanted Louis to make sure that protestants where prosecuted. But Louis liked the Dutch and didnt really care about the protestants. So when Napoleon found out he was furious and abdicated Louis from his title.
He also showed much empathy during a couple of disasters that happened during his reign, like an flood in Zeeland and an explosion in the city of Leiden. This made him quite popular.
@@Jack-HandsIn fact, he was more popular than William I. That is why he was not allowed to return to the Netherlands in his old age, though he dearly would have liked to retire here.
There is an error in the left chart; Wilhelmine of Prussia was not married to William I but to William V She was the centre piece of a very famous uprising, the capture of Wilhelmine at Bonrepas/Goejanverwellesluis 1787 by rebels. This incident led to a punishment campaign by Wilhelmine brother the king of Prussia to Holland. To celebrate this victory he built the Brandenburger Tower in Berlin.
I love how The Netherlands was one of the only "republics" in Europe, and as soon as republican revolutions swept the continent, they went to a monarchy.
Actually they just changed the title from stadholder ( already heditairy) to king ( also heditairy) the king ( or queen ) is NOT crowned - like the English, but sworn in.
@@kamion53 While the stadholders were hereditary in practice they weren't in theory: each one had to be elected by the staten-generaal (kinda similar to how the Holy Roman Emperor got elected).
@@sd-ch2cq In 1748 when Willem V became stadholder the stadholdership was declared hereditairy for all 7 provinces. Ironicly he was also the last carrying that title. And it was based on the hereditarity his son Willem claimed the LowCountries after the Napoleontic tide had turned.
@@kamion53 eh there was also a wide constitutional change that fundamentally altered the way the country was organized, the Oranjes actually became genuine heads of states, got a very different way of executing power in a very different style of government.
@@enrajbroin I did a bit of oversimplifing the change from stadholder to king. indeed there were major changes in the construction of the state, but that already had started when the Batavian Republic was founded and under the Kingdom Holland under Napoleons brother Louis. It is said domewhere that his contribution was giving the Dutch a sense of nationality more than being Frisians, Guelders of Hollanders and quite a few state constructions under his rule were taken over when the Oranges became king of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1814 but they were not held in the same regard as the great royal houses of Europe.
12:56 Queen Wilhelmina being the richest woman in the world is a popular fable, unfortunately also repeated by historians. C. Schmidt wrote an article ("Over de rijkdom van het Oranjehuis") in De Gids 1988, that is supported by facts, showing that she was more likely one of the poorer monarchs.
Small remark: you mentioned 'stadhouder' as a rough translation meaning governor. Actually, it means 'placeholder' in that period and culture, as the Stadhouders were factually seen as placeholders of the older, long gone Counts of the House of Holland. The stadhouder 'held the place' of the now-gone Counts.
3:07: Upper Guelders (present day area around Roermond) and Guelders (roughly present day province Gelderland and a bit of Germany) are the same Dutchy... its just that there is a part of Limburg in between. 19:51: not looks likely. The constitution is changed by now and oldest child is always heir-appearant, regardless of gender. Even if a son is born (this late), he will not take precedence over the current heir.
He already made a video about Italian monarchs, including the kingdom of Naples (check the royal family trees playlist). However, the late middle ages period, between Johanna and Ferdinand the Catholic, is not so detailed, since at the time there were a bunch of different people (the Valois-Anjou, the Aragonese, the Hungarians) who all claimed the Neapolitan throne.
Correction of your correction: not at that time. Back then Holland was still one province. The formal split into North and South Holland was effected in 1840 as a result of an amendement in the constitution.
Netherlands tree is an immediate click, of course. Batavia has nothing to do with the name of the country during the Roman times though, the Batavii were a local tribe.
@@jhvankesteren1979 The Romans called the region that was inhabited by the Batavii amongst others Germania Inferior and was a province of the Roman Empire. The rest of the free regions above the Rhine were just identified by the tribes that inhabited it at the time.
'The current Duke of Parma...' Italy is a republic, so that title is defunct. But Carlos de Bourbon de Parme was made a royal prince by the Netherlands, which is still a monarchy. It doesn't give him control over Parma.
I am always intrigued by translation convention of names. I can never figure out why Willem I, II and III are all William in English, but Willem-Alexander gets to keep his Dutch spelling of William.
@@Raadpensionaris It's strange that for England/Britain, us Dutch people call a guy like Henry VIII "Hendrik VIII" and the kings called George just George and not "Joris".
Was going through the patrilinear male line ancestry of King Charles III, found out his patrilineal great grand parents and above generations were King of Greece and Denmark and the more above generations I went some German and Prussian royalty came into the scene. Would be good if you cover this topic as other kingdom's of the world follow the male line patrilineal system and another new idea, you can make a video on who would have been the the King of UK and Northern Ireland and other commonwealth realms if they had followed this system as well that is strictly male line patrilineal like the Japanese royal family. (8/1/23 7:29pm)
Great video! 2 minor gripes: Beatrix is pronounced with 3 syllables, [Bee-yah-trix] or even better [Bay-yaj-trix] Amalia has the stress on the second syllable, aMAlia.
Matt..... can i suggest the monarchy of Georgia?? They've got a pretty interesting history that connects them to many other historical thrones and empires .....
@@pjotrsimon8245 It is not really an island if its connected to the mainland right? Look at maps of the netherlands and mention the 80-jarige oorlog, you will see that it shouldnt be there, since its reclaimed land just like Flevoland's main part. (Except the former island of Urk ofcourse)
interesting to note is that the current King of the Netherlands is a descendant of the Dukes of Burgundy, who were the monarchs of the Netherlands before the Habsburgs Philippe II le Hardi --> John I the Fearless --> Philip III the Good--> Charles I the Bold --> Mary of Burgundy (wife of Emperor Maximilian) ---> Philip I of Castile ---> Ferdinand I of HRE ---> Maria of Austria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg ----> Marie Eleonore of Cleves ---> Anna of Prussia ----> Georg Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich I of Prussia ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia ---> Prince Augustus William of Prussia ---> Wilhemina of Prussia the elder ----> King Willem I of the Netherlands ---> King Willem II ---> King Willem III ---> Queen Wilhelmina ---> Queen Juliana --> Queen Beatrix ---> King Willem Alexander
@@highpath4776 Princess Margriet was not born in the embassy, though. But the same convention of diplomatic exterritoriality was used for the maternity ward.
Ironically what neither the Canadian nor the Dutch nor the British government realised at the time was that all this theoretical switching around of territory couldn’t prevent the princess from having the British nationality from birth, as all descendants of the Electress Sophia of Hanover (George I’s mother through which he inherited the British throne) born before 1949 were automatically British nationals.
What you should have mentioned is that The William I-III line wasn't the only stadholder. Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe had a seperate line, the one that Johan Willem Friso belonged to. The palace of this line, Nassau-Dietz, is still located in the heart of Leeuwarden. Johan Willem Friso is known as 'Us Heit' (our father) as he was a good stadtholder, and likewise his wife, Maria-Louise of Kassel was known as 'Marijke Meu' - Aunt Maria. It can thus be said that 'the Frisian Nassaus saved the house of Orange'
The family of Nassau-Dillenburg/Dietz was the continuous line that inherited the northern stadhoudership, eventually inheriting the titles to Orange and all of The Netherlands. It's typically a Hollandic view to talk about "stadhouder-less" times, as that was a problem Holland had with its branch of the house of Orange. Nassau-Dietz, after the French unpleasantness, became the monarchs of The Netherlands.
I wish the description linked to those Fan Made Subreddit Charts you mentioned, they probably aren't so easy to find scrolling it now over a year later.
There was a funny (but completely based on nothing) rumor that Princess Amalia, the heir to the Dutch throne, was dating Prince Gabriel of Belgium, second in line to the throne after his sister. That would have been a problem since it says in Belgian Law that nobody from the house of Orange Nassau can have any post of importance in Belgium
She wouldn’t have an important post in Belgium. He would have gotten the post of Prince-Consort in The Netherlands. And we don’t have such a ridiculous rule, so this wouldn’t be a problem.
The birth in the Canadian Hospital actually shows the very real distinction between "Reality" and "Actuality". While the Canadian Hospital in reality was Canadian soil, it became non-Canadian in actuality.
I don't agree, actually and really mean the same thing, so does reality and actuality (also common terms in television for example both used interchangeably to differentiate with fictional works). "Actually" happens to be the current popular term to start a corrective comment, like 'verily' used to be, but in effect it means nothing different. What it boils down to is that a country exists by concept of claimed territory, thus is you remove the claim the territory is legally no longer part of said country, which is what took place in '43. If a plot of land is made extra-territorial in that way, it isn't part of the country by definition, in reality, actuality and judicially. Maybe not by popular opinion, but that's a different matter.
9:23 Louis(Lodewijk), Napoleon's brother was quite loved by his people. For example during explosion in Leiden in 1807 he was reported to personally help in the relief effort physically. He also tried to learn the dutch language when court language was still French. This lead to his introduction as: Iek bin Konijn of Olland, which is butchered pronounced dutch for "I am king of Holland". His litteral setence meant " I am the Rabbit of Holland.
Why is there a dotted line between the princes of Nassau-Dietz, and also between Jean, Henri and Guillaume of Luxenburg? Do the full lines not represent legitimate patrilineal lines anymore, like in the old chart?
Dotted lines represent cognatic lines, which include both males and females. In the earlier example, those individuals did also belong to a strict male-line as well but it links back to the main family before William the silent.
Hello Mr. Baker! Nice work! I have a quick note on pronunciation. Any “e” at the end of a German word is pronounced as a schwa so Saxe is “sacks a” Hesse is “hess a”.
You are incorrect on one fact. Dutch independence from the Spanish Hapsburg crown was the “80 years’ war” which all Dutchmen know is from 1568-1648. It was not the 30 years’ war, which was a 17th-century religious conflict between Roman Catholics and Protestants.
Thanks as always for a fascinating look at world history through the lens of its royalty. My family got me 4 of your posters for Christmas, and I am eager to see them on my walls (shopping for frames at the moment).
Those who are aware of these things, Royal Watchers, Royal Fans, Royalists, Monarchists, etc.. Kindly answer me... Would you think HM King William-Alexander will revert back to HRH Prince William-Alexander after abdicating in the favour of his daughter, who'd then be HM Queen Catherina-Amalia?
Most likely, the Dutch monarchs as a rule abdicate at an appropriate age (for retirement) when the heir is ready and has a family. The exceptions to the abdication were King Willem II who died quite young and unexpectedly and and Willem III who died after all his sons and with only a minor daughter surviving him to succeed to the throne. King Willem I abdicated at age 68 (because he wished to remarry and people didn't think that a good idea) Queen Wilhelmina abdicated at age 68 Queen Juliana abdicated at age 71 Queen Beatrix abdicated at age 75
I remember reading somewhere that the 'stad' in the designation 'stadhouder' is etymologically related to the word 'instead'. I assume there was a lot of infighting between the 7 provences making up the republic, but whenever the region was attacked by outside enemy cooperation was the only choice they had. I assume the amount of political power the stadhouder had was onder control of whatever unity the 7 provences were able to arrive at. I assume that to every stadhouder it was clear that if they were to step out of line a sufficiently large number of provences would manage to organize a coordinated campaign to oust the stadhouder. I assume that within the provences power was a balance of nobility with control over large amounts of land, the clergy, and the leaders of cities with significant economic power. Within the cities... etc, etc.
'Stad' just means city, and 'houder' means holder / keeper. So basically the keeper of the city, i.e. the mayor. I seem to remember these cities were independent city-states before they joined forces, though you'd have to check, I'm not too confident.
You called it the 30year war with Willem the silent. At school we learned it was the 80year war, with a treaty in between of 12 years. Given the fact that south america was rich in gold and silver gave the Dutch the chance to hold on for so long. In 2 ways in fact. The Spanish had many people in south america, in stead of the low lands. And Dutch were robbing their Silver and Gold on the Atlantic ocean.
The 30 year war was a larger scale war on the european continent between the catholic habsburgs (holy roman empire/spanish) and the protestants (bohemia/danish/swedish (and for geo-political reasons the catholic french)). The dutch republic was in league with the protestants. Both the 30 year war and the 80 year war ended in oktober of 1648, with the treaty of Münster and the treaty of Osnabrück. The independence of the Dutch Republic was part of the treaty of Münster. The Dutch Revolt/80 year war revolutionized warfare at the time, and the swedish empire employed a lot of the military doctrines that were first used by the dutch republic.
Buy the poster:
usefulcharts.com/products/european-royal-family-tree
@@morrari690 According to Wikipedia, "stad" here does not mean city but is old Dutch for "stead" (stede) or "place", so "stadtholder" (which is the correct English term) means "steward".
i posted another chart yesterday. it's of the monarchs of Brazil which lasted from Portuguese colonization to the last emperor of a independent Brazil, Peter II.
I notice i small mistake . Juliana isnt a dother from wilhelmina. Becouse of a disise wilhelmina count have healty childeren. and therefor the real queen whas a dowy. she is changed whit a village girl near the domain of the orange. Its a secret thats redraw from the public.
@@ugcheleuce😅😢❤
What very conveniently goes unmentioned by "experts" in European Lineage is the fact that all Royal Bloodlines in Europe descend from *T2 and H mitochondrial and Y-DNA*. All of them-- through proximity of blood or from unbroken male or female lines in which the DNA has never changed. Can you do more to put this in the public domain since you decided to contradict me on whether George Washington produced heirs in the British West Indies?
As a Dutchman, this made my day. Your videos are usually excellent but it gives a different sensation when it’s about your fatherland.
motherland too, if you follow the matrilineal line.
Ek het gehoor dat hollands en afrikaans baie naby aan mekaar is so sê vir my, kan jy hierdie verstaan?
Translation:
I heard that dutch and afrikaans are closely related so tell me, do you understand me?
@@CaraTheStrange
Ja, dit is makkelijk te begrijpen👍
@@CaraTheStrange Afrikaans kan ik redelijk goed begrijpen. En nu kan ik eindelijk een deze gedachte kwijt. *Als je springbock letterlijk als een Engels woord leest is en het dan weer terug vertaalt in het Nederlands krijg je Lentebok, een soort bier.*
*when you read springbock as an English word and translate it back in Dutch you get ‘lente’ that is the season, and bok, a male goat. Together makes that lentebok, a special beer.*
@@CaraTheStrange Yes i can understand it. ...well to some degree. It's more like i can figure out what the question is to be honest. You write ' I heard that Dutch and Afrikaans are closely related to each other, can i understand this?' But that isn't so strange after all Afrikaans was introduced on 6 april 1652 when Dutch settlers founded the Dutch cape colony. Since then it has evolved but like 90% is still simular spoken out it's even harder to understand for us. But let me reverse the sentence in modern day Dutch 'Ik heb gehoord dat Nederlands and Afrikaans aan elkaar verwant zijn, kan je dit verstaan?' Then you will notice more then 370 years seperate the languages. Afrikaans is old Dutch that has evolved over 370 years in a different country. FYI Holland is just a part of the Netherlands. It indeed has 2 provences called North and South Holland but there are 10 other provinces as well. Since the seat of government and the capital are located in the North and South Holland procences, foreigners think it's called Holland. But Dutch is spoken in all provences and the whole country is called The Netherlands.
Interesting fact that wasn't mentioned: in 1983 the Dutch changed the succession rules to absolute primogeniture, so that Willem-Alexander's daughter are still first in line, even if they somehow get a younger brother.
Netherlands was the second European monarchy to establish absolute primogeniture, after Sweden in 1980.
Fun Fact: Adolph, the successor of William III. in Luxemburg, was originally the Duke of Nassau. However, his Duchy was conquered and annexed by Prussia as a result of the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, so he lived as a private nobleman for almost 30 years until he inherited the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg in 1890.
Private VERY WEALTHY noblemen. He recieved monetary compensation from the Prussian government and was allowed to retain almost all of his stately residences in Nassau. I think it’s the money he received from Prussia that was the basis for the current Luxembourgish monarchy’s wealth.
I feel like this should be made into a debate video
@@Edmonton-of2ec Of course getting the money is one thing, keeping hold of its value is another (as assorted nobles over the years have found out)
@@highpath4776 Considering the current Grand Duke is estimated to be worth approximately $1 billion I’d say they’ve done a pretty good job
Bonus fact: Queens Juliana and Beatrix both abdicated on the same holiday - April 30 (in 1980 and 2013) which is the monarch's national holiday (Kings/Queens Day), making it very easy to calculate their reigns. Also, after retiring, their title changed to princess instead of queen.
And being an old fart I still blame Willem-Alexander for not keeping that "tradition" but changing the national holiday to a few days earlier, just because that's his birthday. gmmmmbl, selfish prick.
Kings day is since king Willem-Alexander got crowned on his birthday April 27th. But it's still close :)
Pedantic but..... : They did not change their title to princess but maintained the title of prince(ss) of Orange, a principality the family still claims the title to. (Guess how the French government feels 'bout that :D )
You are right and you are wrong. The Kings/Queens birthday is the national holiday. As April 30 was Juliana's birthday. Beatrix however was born on Jan 31, which is a bit cold for outdoors festivities. So she kept it on April 30. Willem however is born on April 27, Ergo we now have the national holiday on April 27. ;-)
Curious to see what Amalia will do in the future with her Dec 7 birthday.
@@DutchLabrat it’s slightly different, they (and Queen Wilhelmina as well) reverted to the title of Prince(ss) of Orange-Nassau, which all members of the Dutch royal house have and which the monarch for the time being retains. The title of Prince of Orange is only held by the heir apparent of the day (Princess of Orange was before 1983 only used for the heir apparent’s wife, since the constitutional change of 1983 only for the heiress apparent).
Ah, Queen Wilhelmina... the "only man in the dutch government" (as per Churchill) during the exile in London :D
Not to mention her wit especially with Wilhelm II when he mentioned his guards were 7 feet tall and hers were only shoulder high to them. And then she remarked that when she opens her dykes the water will be 10 feet deep.
@@TheDeluche Wilhelm 2 would never have attacked the Netherlands. There was no benefit in it. Modern air warfare didn't exist and the idea of landings on the beaches even less. Also, the neutrality of dutch ports meant the germans could buy goods through the Netherlands. Otherwise not obtainable. Basically, Dutch neutrality prolonged the war in favor of the Germans...
@@dgray3771Well, landings on beaches... There were several in history though. Look at the invasion of the Normans in 1066 England for example. But not on a scale possible by WWI standards indeed. Also, for the Allies it was a handy trade channel as well to have a neutral party inbetween. It saved a front and they got Axis produced goods by the Dutch as well. In recent research, the Netherlands was proven to be a drugs lab for all troops around as well. Otherwise the troops wouldn't go over the top. The Netherlands had the luxury position in post-war Europe. It was the largest economy of them all and the largest intact one. The Dutch became rich of trade and drugs in the War (where did we hear that again? 😉).
He actually claimed she was the only man among all the exiled heads of states.
He also said he feared no man but Queen Wilhelmina.
19:02 Thanks for using my chart, I’m honoured
This is really interesting. Being a Brit I’ve only ever really known about the British/English monarchy and not much about any others so it’s fun to learn about these other kingdoms
In school do you guys learn about the monarchy from 1066 or something else?
@@_3rR0r mostly post 1066, at least in my experience
@@_3rR0r During Year 8, my school taught us about Henry VIII, the well known stuff about him
@@TMK411 He's talking about the widely known fact that England doesn't consider any history that's pre William the Conqueror to be canon. Not Echbert, Alfred, nor any of the Kings during the time of the 7 kingdoms, like Offa of Mercia who was actually recognized by Charlemagne.
Your country's weird for doing that, ngl. There's a tale in Scotland about an Egyptian Princess named Scotia, who fled Egypt, went to Scotland, married Goídal Glas, and is the ancestor to the kings of the Picts, and the High Kings of Ireland. It's theorized that Princess Scotia was actually Meritaten, sister of Tutankhamen, daughter of Akhenaten, and fled after the Amarna heresy instead of dying. When they found King Tut and checked his genome, they found that his genes matched current day Brits at 70%, mainland Europeans at 50%, and modern day Arab-Egyptians less than 1%. Seems like your country wants to keep that a secret for some reason.
10:33 note he traded it for just *Eastern* Luxembourg, the western part became part of of the United Netherlands as a province (in the Southern Netherlands and later part of Belgium). Also a big southern part ended up with France. edit: and part of the Eastern side went to Prussia too, basically everything east of the Our, Sauer and Mosel rivers.
How big was the southern part? Metz included?
@@fukpoeslaw3613 look up the article 'Partitions of Luxembourg' on Wikipedia, it has a nice overview. Note a significant Eastern portion also went to Prussia. Metz was originally a bishopric and later a city republic, so a neighbour and not a constituent of any instance of Luxembourg.
I suppose though under the EU mix of European Parliament and Council Of Ministers a lot of over-arching strategic legislation brings the harmonious trade and participation of residents equally over all the areas even if there is no direct family rule
@@highpath4776 I'm not following what this has to do with the partitions of Luxembourg?
From the very start of every Useful Charts video, I always know there's a good story coming along. Real life history provides the facts, but the presentation here in these videos always makes them so enjoyable. Well done!
Very happy to appear in this video 8:00 , I was hoping to appear in the previous one (Best Fan-made Charts of 2022) but it shows that the other charts are very good.
I love the development of the development of the Dutch monarchy, such as fascinating piece of history despite it being so young in comparison to other monarchies in Europe
It kinda traded places with France. France went from one of Europe’s oldest kingdoms to (eventually, after 2 empires and some more kings) its youngest republic and the Netherlands went from one of the oldest republics to one of the newest kingdoms.
@@Edmonton-of2ec never thought of it that way but that is an amazing piece of information, I also like how the Dutch were the first monarchy in Europe to introduce absolute primogeniture if I'm not mistaken that is
@@thomasdixon4373 Second, Sweden beat them to the punch
@@Edmonton-of2ec thought they used male preference until lately? Probably getting muddled up lol
@@thomasdixon4373 I guess 1980 is recent if you’re… older
Orded the latest version of the chart for my grandma, and giving it to her in a few days! It's a bit of a late Hanukkah gift, but one I know she'll love.
I love Matt’s charts. I’ve purchased 6 for myself and other family members.
fun fact: the grandnephew of Willam the Silent, John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen, was the governor of Dutch Brazil (yes, that was a thing) between 1637 and 1643. Even today, there are people in Northeastern Brazil that claim descent from him
Indeed.
Nothing special, even my family can lay a claim.
Parts of Brazil were held by the Dutch and the Portuguese. The Portuguese city of Recife was captured by the Dutch. There were a number of Marranos/Conversos living there. They were Jews who were forcibly converted to Christianity and who were living Jewish lives in secret. Under the tolerant Dutch the Marranos threw off their false Christianity and started living openly as Jews. The Portuguese recaptured the city and the Inquisition was coming to try the Jews as Heretics. The Jews escaped the city by boat in 1653 and sailed to New Amsterdam appealing for asylum. Governor General Peter Stuyvesant refused them entry since they did not have the means to support themselves. The Jews appealed the decision to the Dutch West India Company. A number of Jewish stockholders offered to support the group and they were allowed to land. They became the first Jews to settle in what became New York in 1664 when the English took New Amsterdam from the Dutch.
Though functionally similar to a Governor, the title Stadhouder lies closer in meaning to the English word "Steward", as in the _Stewards_ of Gondor ruling the nation after Eärnur disappeared.
William, as stadhouder, answered to Margareta of Parma, who ruled the low countries as a whole as governor in Philips' name.
Yes, I think that is a more accurate translation.
Stadhouder consists of two words Stad and Houder which translate to Place (UK) Lieu (FR) and Keeper (UK) Tenant (FR), so placekeeper or lieutenant.
6:16 for those wondering about the nature of Johan de Witt's grizzly death by the mob: he was at least partially eaten. As an inhabitant of the Netherlands, my only guess is that the members of the mob were on their way back from a football match, had had a couple of beers and a puff of the good stuff, and had the uncommon simultaneous ideas of going into politics and satisfying the munchies.
main mover in the lynching of the de Witts was the son of admital Maarten Harperszoon Tromp, Cornelis Tromp who have had previous conflicts ith the de Witts and with Micheal de Ruyter.
He was passed as chief admiral and knew how to hold a grudge, eventually he drank himself to death.
It's where the term "Eat the Rich" originates.
@Gameflyer001 the phrase was originally "eat de Witt" but was misheard and the incorrect version was the one to take hold and circulated more widely
@@Gameflyer001In The Hague in 1672, people were not really poor though, the reason that Johan de Witt (and, incidentally, his brother Cornelis) were lynched was that France, Münster, and England had collectively declared war on the Netherlands. De Witt did not believe that the Republic could win this war, and pursued appeasement. William V, the Prince of Orange (but not Stadtholder at that time) believed differently, and also saw a chance to seize power. His loyalists managed to rile up the people against De Witt, and violence and murder ensued.
The phrase "Eat the Rich", supposedly, originated during the French Revolution, and are believed to have first been used by the philosopher Rousseaux ("if the poor have nothing to eat anymore, they will eat the rich")
Princess Irene was not removed from the line of succession for marrying a Catholic (although it probably contributed), but for marrying a pretender to the Spanish throne who as head of the Carlist faction was at that time actively trying to get Franco to name him as future king. The Dutch Government had no wish to get involved in the restoration of the Spanish monarchy or in the ongoing dispute between the competing factions of the exiled Spanish royals over succession rights. No attempt was made to get permission from the Dutch Parliament for the marriage, thus Irene lost her right to the Dutch throne. At Carlos Hugo's side she lobbied for Carlist succession in Spain throughout the 60s and 70s. In the end Carlos Hugo never did become king of Spain, as Franco chose Juan Carlos for his successor.
I made the chart at 7:46 :O Thanks for including it!
As a Dutch person, I am amazed about the amount of detail in this overview.
Not only the detail, but that those details are correct.
Great video! Only at 6:11 his surname was spelled “de Witt”, not “de Wiit”.
I came to the comment section just to check if someone else made this comment already. Thank you
actually princess Irene is not in the line of succession because her marriage was not approved by parliament her husband being catholic might have played a small role in the decision but more important was his status as carlist pretender which he refused to resign from.
11:57-12:41
Now would be the perfect time for a Luxembourg-based spin-off!
I found interesting that you chose to mention that Maxime is the daughter of someone who participated in the argentinian dictatorship, but have never mentioned that Luis Alfonso, "duke of anjou" is the great-grandson of Francisco Franco, even that he has appeared frequently on Spain's and France's alternative sussecion videos
Indeed.
These Kind of mentions always are weirdly selective. Beatrix' husband had "embarrassing Nazi ties" aka he participated in mandatory youth service and mandatory army service. That's worth mentioning more than why the richest woman in the world was so rich (colonialism)?
@@Inzersdorf93 Both equally interesting , I wondered how she got the money and figured something to do with the Dutch East Indies and Royal Dutch Shell investments over time.
@@highpath4776 and perhaps Philips and the Uni part of Unilever?
@@Inzersdorf93 I mean if you had to start pointing out unfair wealth acquisition in videos about royal families, you’d never be able to finish a sentence
Actually, the lowlands are called the low countries because they are in the lower basin of the rivers Rhine, Scheldt and Meuse. Not because parts of it lie below sea level.
Gaining land that lies below sea level by draining (creating 'polders') only (seriously) started in the 16th century (right before the 80 Year War). The low countries were being called the low countries centuries before that.
I'm on a Versailles tv series binge, on season 2 and this is ever so timely.
"Grizzly Death" By a mob is somehow an understatement
Lol is he the dude that got lynched and eaten?
I get it, even though the lynching and consequent cannibalizing of the brothers deWitt are popular stories in the Netherlands, there is a growing group of historians that think this didn't happen (at least not the cannibalizing part)
@@Panteni87 My understanding of it is that the brothers were lynched and had their corpses mutilated (with some body parts currently being in the possession of a museum), but that at most only a small part of them was eaten by no more than a few indivuals out of a very large mob. I do believe some body parts were sold as souvenirs.
@@rienksjoerdsma that is the most realistic view, and the one I share. The story that they were eaten by the mob is more fun though (and I suspect, an event that the netherlands is inching towards once again)
Rumor has it that William of Orange incited the mob by saying "DeW itt"
As an American with not many known english ancestors from the 1700s and More known dutch ancestors from the 1700s. Now there is a Family Tree I can probably relate to. Thank you so much
Supposedly my Irish family is from the Low Countries arriving from battle against Spain (complicated) nearly impossible to paper chase the verbal story from the mid 1600s to the late 1700s
My great-grandmother and grandmother emigrated to the US from the Netherlands in 1912.
4:40 'keep in mind he wasn't a monarch'. That was the exact reason that his title 'Prince of Orange' was of such importance, because that gave William of Orange a monarchial status (even though he was only a prince in name) and a true replacement for the king of Spain as ruler of the Netherlands.
I've always loved how all the European Royal families are connected. Use it quite often in my lectures on genetics to due to the occurance of hemophilia in the pedigree. It used to be known as the 'Royal Disease' and the actual mutation causing the disease was only discovered when the bones of the Romanovs were discovered and analyzed with Alexei being a known case of the disease and his sisters being potential carriers of the disease.
Back to the Dutch side of the family. I love that we as a nation have had a strained relationship with Germany in the past for obvious reasons, yet our entire royal family is filled with people from Germany and German descent. Also the controversial spouses of our Monarchs is a bit of theme isn't it. Yet I'm pretty sure that Maxima is more popular amongst the public than Willem Alexander is. The controversy was more political than amongst the people I think.
Probably because the Royals didnt have any say at one point and a man named Adolf was planning to make Europe great again.
Your charts have inspired me to make my own family tree. I've got every branch except one great grandparent traced back to the 1820s or earlier. I traced my male line to Charles X of France, so I've been able to go back to the middle ages through him
It helps when you get to a monarch, someone's already done the legwork. 😂
Great to see a tree of my Royal Family.
I am currently making a chart of ALL the Nassau-members, starting way up there. By adding all the wives I get all kinds of cross-mariageline, which are fascinating.
I hope to be able to share this chart with you one day. I am not on reddit, so I don't know my way there.
Really cool.
I think I forgot that the village I grew up in (Anna Paulowna) was actually the wife of William II and she was gifted that land and hence forth it was called Anna Paulowna.
Funny to be reminded of that this way.
A video on monarchs that died young or crown princes that never became king would be cool.
Seems like there’s many examples of that.
A little point about the link between the colour and the title Orange: The principality never used the colour, its coat of arms is a blue-white horn on a field of yellow. This is still found on the personal coats of arms of all members of the family. The name is probably after a local Gaul God.
The colour orange/oranje is named after the fruit which is named after the Sanskrit Naranga, orange tree.
The fact they are homophones is pure accidental and only noticed during the 80 years war.
The Orange family came from south east of France. East of Lyon
@@connectingrabbitholes2506 YM the principality of Orange? Who knew??
YM 😂😂
The dukes on Burgundy would be a fine addition to the chart! As the first dynasty of Burgundian dukes is on it, the second (and more prosperous) should be on it to!
Thats absolutly my feeling. Startet with the son of a frech King up to maria. Charles the bold had nearly created a New kingdom burgundy. If he had sons - Not the bourbons had achived the french Throne and until today Navarra would exist. The Habsburg empires in Austria and spain could Not grow. Europe would be very different today.
through Wikipedia research, he is the simplified family tree that goes from Philip II of Burgundy(the first Valois duke of Burgundy to the current King of the Netherlands, Willem Alexander)
Philippe II le Hardi --> John I the Fearless --> Philip III the Good--> Charles I the Bold --> Mary of Burgundy (wife of Emperor Maximilian) ---> Philip I of Castile ---> Ferdinand I of HRE ---> Maria of Austria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg ----> Marie Eleonore of Cleves ---> Anna of Prussia ----> Georg Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich I of Prussia ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia ---> Prince Augustus William of Prussia ---> Wilhemina of Prussia the elder ----> King Willem I of the Netherlands ---> King Willem II ---> King Willem III ---> Queen Wilhelmina ---> Queen Juliana --> Queen Beatrix ---> King Willem Alexander
@@radovankekistanovic1342 ah is that the way in which the current Dutch monarchs decent from the house of Burgundy?
@@theflemishclonetrooper9665
yes.
Wikipedia genealogical research of Royal Families is really interesting.
i remembered that Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg had a Habsburg great-grandmother, which means that the House of Orange-Nassau thus are also descended from the Duke of Burgundy
21:20: I don't believe Irene marrying a catholic was the issue, but rather the fact that she also did not receive permission from Parliament? (same for her sister Christina)
If marrying a Catholic was an issue, the present day King would be in trouble...
She didn't receive that permission (mostly) because her husband was a pretender to the Spanish throne.
I love that our royal family is so wild and so open about it, that the wildest thing I learned today is that some people had the misfortune to fly with a captain nicknamed Prince Pils.
God, I miss the Republic. Justice for De Witt!
Hij was vast heel lekker
Why don't you guys do to your current PM what you did to Dewitt? At least DeWitt wasn't trying to plunge your country into a recession by messing with the way that people farm. Of course, I'm an American, my President's more incompetent than your PM, so I have no room to talk.
Prime ministers make very good snacks :)
Very nice and comprehensive video, only a small detail. At 5.44 you talk about the end of the 30-Year War, when it in fact was the 80-Year War! Other then that, great video.
your contents are one of my go to watch when im crocheting you make royal family trees so interesting🙇♀️🙇♀️
Hey Matt, I was researching on "who would be the emperor of China today". I thought it would be an interesting video for you :)
Great video. Just wanted to mention I believe you misspelled Johan de Witt (in the video it is "Johan de Wiit", or it is an English spelling I am unfamiliar with.
If I am not mistaken the name of the dynasty comes from the southern French city of Orange and has nothing to do with the fruit or the color but I believe the Dutch have adopted the color as the national color in comparatively recent times.
The city and colour have the exact same name in Dutch as well (oranje) so the link to the colour is easily made. The red in the Dutch tricolour used to be orange instead of red, this prince's flag was likely in reference to his name/title.
@@ducovanderwoude6971 In English at least there never used to be such a color as orange -it was considered a hue of red -hence the word 'redhead" -for people with orange hair-a fox,for example was simply described as a red animal or a brown one-until comparatively recently -then it was decided to be more nuanced so the color of the orange fruit was adopted .Don't know the exact time this happened!
When Charles V abdicated the most important part of the Netherlands was not the county of Holland but the county of Flanders and the dutchy of Brabant. Holland only being a distant third at that time.
Another fantastic video as always. I do have a request though. Your videos are heavily reliant on audio so if you need to make a correction, please re-record the audio instead of flashing up the correction on screen. It's also great for blind people.
You'd think he could snip in a correction of sound just as easily as a correction on the screen.
this is fascinating thoroughly enjoyed it. well researched and beautifully described😀😀😀
I really like your research into matrilineal dynasties, keep it going! 🤩
8:12 It's fascinating to me that both John William Friso and Johan Friso (1968-2013, brother of current King) died in similar fashion. Albeit not by drowning Johan Friso died after being stuck under a avalanche too long, effectively drowned by snow.
i agree, how sad.
Great video, only the map at 10:28 isn't correct. Luxembourg used to be over twice its shown and current size before 1830. Then Belgium took those lands which resulted in the current borders.
That isn't correct, in 1815 the Congress of Vienna partitioned Luxembourg in three parts, the western part went to the United Kingdom of The Netherlands (becoming the Province of Luxembourg there), most of the eastern part became the Grand-Duchy and the outer eastern part (east of the Our, Saur and Mozel rivers) went to Prussia. In 1830 Belgium simply started from the Southern Netherlands provinces, including that Luxembourg province that by then existed for 15 years already, it's not like they 'took' it or whatever.
@@GBOAC I’m afraid your version is not correct. The Congress of Vienna did include the western part in the Grand-Duchy, it was split off only in 1839 in the partition treaty of the Netherlands and Belgium.
@@HarmSchelhaas You’re right Harm, I stand corrected
Not the largest mistake. I'm pretty sure the NO-polder also didn't exist at that time xD
5:43 what 30 years war are you talking about? it's the 80 years war! from 1568 to 1648
Louis actually was quite fond of the Dutch people. Most of the Dutch people where protestant and Napoleon was Catholic. So Napoleon wanted Louis to make sure that protestants where prosecuted. But Louis liked the Dutch and didnt really care about the protestants. So when Napoleon found out he was furious and abdicated Louis from his title.
He also showed much empathy during a couple of disasters that happened during his reign, like an flood in Zeeland and an explosion in the city of Leiden. This made him quite popular.
@@Jack-HandsIn fact, he was more popular than William I. That is why he was not allowed to return to the Netherlands in his old age, though he dearly would have liked to retire here.
There is an error in the left chart; Wilhelmine of Prussia was not married to William I but to William V
She was the centre piece of a very famous uprising, the capture of Wilhelmine at Bonrepas/Goejanverwellesluis 1787 by rebels. This incident led to a punishment campaign by Wilhelmine brother the king of Prussia to Holland. To celebrate this victory he built the Brandenburger Tower in Berlin.
Thank you Matt
Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job
I love how The Netherlands was one of the only "republics" in Europe, and as soon as republican revolutions swept the continent, they went to a monarchy.
Actually they just changed the title from stadholder ( already heditairy) to king ( also heditairy)
the king ( or queen ) is NOT crowned - like the English, but sworn in.
@@kamion53
While the stadholders were hereditary in practice they weren't in theory: each one had to be elected by the staten-generaal (kinda similar to how the Holy Roman Emperor got elected).
@@sd-ch2cq In 1748 when Willem V became stadholder the stadholdership was declared hereditairy for all 7 provinces. Ironicly he was also the last carrying that title.
And it was based on the hereditarity his son Willem claimed the LowCountries after the Napoleontic tide had turned.
@@kamion53 eh there was also a wide constitutional change that fundamentally altered the way the country was organized, the Oranjes actually became genuine heads of states, got a very different way of executing power in a very different style of government.
@@enrajbroin I did a bit of oversimplifing the change from stadholder to king.
indeed there were major changes in the construction of the state, but that already had started when the Batavian Republic was founded and under the Kingdom Holland under Napoleons brother Louis.
It is said domewhere that his contribution was giving the Dutch a sense of nationality more than being Frisians, Guelders of Hollanders and quite a few state constructions under his rule were taken over when the Oranges became king of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1814
but they were not held in the same regard as the great royal houses of Europe.
At 6:10 a little (typo ?) mistake is made, the name must be Johan de Witt not Johan de Wiit !
I’ve been to the Dutch Royal Palace, and Louis II (time mark 9:41) is the one who ‘gives’ you the audio tour. Just a fun fact.
I don’t know if you take suggestions but you should do the royal family of Monaco.
12:56 Queen Wilhelmina being the richest woman in the world is a popular fable, unfortunately also repeated by historians. C. Schmidt wrote an article ("Over de rijkdom van het Oranjehuis") in De Gids 1988, that is supported by facts, showing that she was more likely one of the poorer monarchs.
Small remark: you mentioned 'stadhouder' as a rough translation meaning governor. Actually, it means 'placeholder' in that period and culture, as the Stadhouders were factually seen as placeholders of the older, long gone Counts of the House of Holland. The stadhouder 'held the place' of the now-gone Counts.
3:07: Upper Guelders (present day area around Roermond) and Guelders (roughly present day province Gelderland and a bit of Germany) are the same Dutchy... its just that there is a part of Limburg in between.
19:51: not looks likely. The constitution is changed by now and oldest child is always heir-appearant, regardless of gender. Even if a son is born (this late), he will not take precedence over the current heir.
I love these charts, i would really like to see one about the neapolitan monarchy
He already made a video about Italian monarchs, including the kingdom of Naples (check the royal family trees playlist). However, the late middle ages period, between Johanna and Ferdinand the Catholic, is not so detailed, since at the time there were a bunch of different people (the Valois-Anjou, the Aragonese, the Hungarians) who all claimed the Neapolitan throne.
can you do a video about the Liechtenstein monarchs family tree?
Can you do a Vanderbilt family tree?
It was "Johan de Witt", not "Johan de Wiit" as written in your video. Willem-Alexander being pilot: we know that since forever, not recently.
I was wondering if I had to mention it but I am glad someone else already did :)
18:30 all they're left eyes are a bit closed. Maybe because they're far away related
What a wonderful video, thanks!
3:05 correction 2 parts north-holland and south-holland
Correction of your correction: not at that time. Back then Holland was still one province. The formal split into North and South Holland was effected in 1840 as a result of an amendement in the constitution.
@@oilslick7010 ah thanks 😂 😂
Netherlands tree is an immediate click, of course.
Batavia has nothing to do with the name of the country during the Roman times though, the Batavii were a local tribe.
After which the romans named the territory.
@@jhvankesteren1979 not totally lol. Romans had many tribe names for the region.
@@jhvankesteren1979 The Romans called the region that was inhabited by the Batavii amongst others Germania Inferior and was a province of the Roman Empire. The rest of the free regions above the Rhine were just identified by the tribes that inhabited it at the time.
And the Batavii have very little to do with the Dutch people to begin with
@@jhvankesteren1979 Actually the Roman name for the territory was Belgica.
'The current Duke of Parma...' Italy is a republic, so that title is defunct. But Carlos de Bourbon de Parme was made a royal prince by the Netherlands, which is still a monarchy. It doesn't give him control over Parma.
I am always intrigued by translation convention of names. I can never figure out why Willem I, II and III are all William in English, but Willem-Alexander gets to keep his Dutch spelling of William.
Because Willem-Alexander is still alive
Regnal names were translated in the past but current and recent monarchs' names are not translated
I find the name Prince John Maurice a hard to recognize name, had to look twice to see they ment Prins Johan Maurits.
@@RealConstructor I've the same problem. Whenever I see "John", my mind either goes to "Jan" or "Johannes".
@@Raadpensionaris It's strange that for England/Britain, us Dutch people call a guy like Henry VIII "Hendrik VIII" and the kings called George just George and not "Joris".
Was going through the patrilinear male line ancestry of King Charles III, found out his patrilineal great grand parents and above generations were King of Greece and Denmark and the more above generations I went some German and Prussian royalty came into the scene. Would be good if you cover this topic as other kingdom's of the world follow the male line patrilineal system and another new idea, you can make a video on who would have been the the King of UK and Northern Ireland and other commonwealth realms if they had followed this system as well that is strictly male line patrilineal like the Japanese royal family. (8/1/23 7:29pm)
There is a very nice video on Prince Philip by Drachinifel.
Great video!
2 minor gripes:
Beatrix is pronounced with 3 syllables, [Bee-yah-trix] or even better [Bay-yaj-trix]
Amalia has the stress on the second syllable, aMAlia.
Matt..... can i suggest the monarchy of Georgia?? They've got a pretty interesting history that connects them to many other historical thrones and empires .....
2:55 the map is wrong, you removed Flevoland's main part, but not the extra polders in the north-east of flevoland
That's an island that was called "Greater Urk".
@@pjotrsimon8245 It is not really an island if its connected to the mainland right? Look at maps of the netherlands and mention the 80-jarige oorlog, you will see that it shouldnt be there, since its reclaimed land just like Flevoland's main part. (Except the former island of Urk ofcourse)
@@Bennie_Tziek He is making a joke
@@dodec8449 Not a funny one xD
@@Bennie_Tziek Don't forget the former island of Schokland (near the middle).
interesting to note is that the current King of the Netherlands is a descendant of the Dukes of Burgundy, who were the monarchs of the Netherlands before the Habsburgs
Philippe II le Hardi --> John I the Fearless --> Philip III the Good--> Charles I the Bold --> Mary of Burgundy (wife of Emperor Maximilian) ---> Philip I of Castile ---> Ferdinand I of HRE ---> Maria of Austria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg ----> Marie Eleonore of Cleves ---> Anna of Prussia ----> Georg Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg ---> Friedrich I of Prussia ---> Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia ---> Prince Augustus William of Prussia ---> Wilhemina of Prussia the elder ----> King Willem I of the Netherlands ---> King Willem II ---> King Willem III ---> Queen Wilhelmina ---> Queen Juliana --> Queen Beatrix ---> King Willem Alexander
Miffy: “Dutch Princess born *technically not* in Canada. Makes my day.”
🐰🇳🇱🇨🇦☺️
By convention Embassies are the sovereign soil of the country they represent (hence "diplomatic immunity" too).
@@highpath4776 Princess Margriet was not born in the embassy, though. But the same convention of diplomatic exterritoriality was used for the maternity ward.
Ironically what neither the Canadian nor the Dutch nor the British government realised at the time was that all this theoretical switching around of territory couldn’t prevent the princess from having the British nationality from birth, as all descendants of the Electress Sophia of Hanover (George I’s mother through which he inherited the British throne) born before 1949 were automatically British nationals.
As part Dutch myself, I find this really interesting
What you should have mentioned is that The William I-III line wasn't the only stadholder. Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe had a seperate line, the one that Johan Willem Friso belonged to. The palace of this line, Nassau-Dietz, is still located in the heart of Leeuwarden. Johan Willem Friso is known as 'Us Heit' (our father) as he was a good stadtholder, and likewise his wife, Maria-Louise of Kassel was known as 'Marijke Meu' - Aunt Maria. It can thus be said that 'the Frisian Nassaus saved the house of Orange'
The family of Nassau-Dillenburg/Dietz was the continuous line that inherited the northern stadhoudership, eventually inheriting the titles to Orange and all of The Netherlands. It's typically a Hollandic view to talk about "stadhouder-less" times, as that was a problem Holland had with its branch of the house of Orange. Nassau-Dietz, after the French unpleasantness, became the monarchs of The Netherlands.
Q
Do you know anything about a Princess Dora, House of Orange? She was a hLf sister of Queen Wilhemina.
I'm happy you included Luxembourg in this video.
I wish the description linked to those Fan Made Subreddit Charts you mentioned, they probably aren't so easy to find scrolling it now over a year later.
Grazie per tutto ❤🎉
There was a funny (but completely based on nothing) rumor that Princess Amalia, the heir to the Dutch throne, was dating Prince Gabriel of Belgium, second in line to the throne after his sister. That would have been a problem since it says in Belgian Law that nobody from the house of Orange Nassau can have any post of importance in Belgium
She wouldn’t have an important post in Belgium. He would have gotten the post of Prince-Consort in The Netherlands. And we don’t have such a ridiculous rule, so this wouldn’t be a problem.
The birth in the Canadian Hospital actually shows the very real distinction between "Reality" and "Actuality". While the Canadian Hospital in reality was Canadian soil, it became non-Canadian in actuality.
I don't agree, actually and really mean the same thing, so does reality and actuality (also common terms in television for example both used interchangeably to differentiate with fictional works). "Actually" happens to be the current popular term to start a corrective comment, like 'verily' used to be, but in effect it means nothing different.
What it boils down to is that a country exists by concept of claimed territory, thus is you remove the claim the territory is legally no longer part of said country, which is what took place in '43. If a plot of land is made extra-territorial in that way, it isn't part of the country by definition, in reality, actuality and judicially. Maybe not by popular opinion, but that's a different matter.
9:23 Louis(Lodewijk), Napoleon's brother was quite loved by his people. For example during explosion in Leiden in 1807 he was reported to personally help in the relief effort physically.
He also tried to learn the dutch language when court language was still French. This lead to his introduction as: Iek bin Konijn of Olland, which is butchered pronounced dutch for "I am king of Holland". His litteral setence meant " I am the Rabbit of Holland.
Why is there a dotted line between the princes of Nassau-Dietz, and also between Jean, Henri and Guillaume of Luxenburg? Do the full lines not represent legitimate patrilineal lines anymore, like in the old chart?
Dotted lines represent cognatic lines, which include both males and females. In the earlier example, those individuals did also belong to a strict male-line as well but it links back to the main family before William the silent.
@@UsefulCharts ok. I am astonished of how quickly you answer, especially to the same annoying guy (me)!
3:07 either leave out the Noordoostpolder or include Flevoland as well. This just looks weird.
Hello Mr. Baker! Nice work! I have a quick note on pronunciation. Any “e” at the end of a German word is pronounced as a schwa so Saxe is “sacks a” Hesse is “hess a”.
At 3:32 you use a specific picture for the Protestants. This is Rembrandt's 'The Steelmasters' but I believe they were catholic.
Well, as a Dutch Catholic I can tell you we're also a bit Calvinistic. 😂
Partly, there are two catholics, one menonnite, one reformant and one remonstrant featured on it. So in effect 3 protestant 2 catholic.
@@GBOAC Oh alright, cool. Thank you for your response
You are incorrect on one fact.
Dutch independence from the Spanish Hapsburg crown was the “80 years’ war” which all Dutchmen know is from 1568-1648.
It was not the 30 years’ war, which was a 17th-century religious conflict between Roman Catholics and Protestants.
Lowlands is a festival held in summer in the province of flevoland which was the last to be reclaimed for living.
Thanks as always for a fascinating look at world history through the lens of its royalty. My family got me 4 of your posters for Christmas, and I am eager to see them on my walls (shopping for frames at the moment).
Can you please make a chart with the timeline of your future uploads.. cheers..
can you make a chart of the succession of the Venetian Republic?
Would be nice, but that won't be lineal, the Doge was elected (from a limited number of "noble" families).
Excellent job, very impressive!
Those who are aware of these things, Royal Watchers, Royal Fans, Royalists, Monarchists, etc.. Kindly answer me...
Would you think HM King William-Alexander will revert back to HRH Prince William-Alexander after abdicating in the favour of his daughter, who'd then be HM Queen Catherina-Amalia?
Most likely, the Dutch monarchs as a rule abdicate at an appropriate age (for retirement) when the heir is ready and has a family. The exceptions to the abdication were King Willem II who died quite young and unexpectedly and and Willem III who died after all his sons and with only a minor daughter surviving him to succeed to the throne.
King Willem I abdicated at age 68 (because he wished to remarry and people didn't think that a good idea)
Queen Wilhelmina abdicated at age 68
Queen Juliana abdicated at age 71
Queen Beatrix abdicated at age 75
The House of Orange-Nassau is one family you need to remember.
Great video! I love that the netherlands has had alot of queens, and will have a queen. The queens have some more warmth ig.
I remember reading somewhere that the 'stad' in the designation 'stadhouder' is etymologically related to the word 'instead'.
I assume there was a lot of infighting between the 7 provences making up the republic, but whenever the region was attacked by outside enemy cooperation was the only choice they had.
I assume the amount of political power the stadhouder had was onder control of whatever unity the 7 provences were able to arrive at. I assume that to every stadhouder it was clear that if they were to step out of line a sufficiently large number of provences would manage to organize a coordinated campaign to oust the stadhouder.
I assume that within the provences power was a balance of nobility with control over large amounts of land, the clergy, and the leaders of cities with significant economic power. Within the cities... etc, etc.
'Stad' just means city, and 'houder' means holder / keeper. So basically the keeper of the city, i.e. the mayor. I seem to remember these cities were independent city-states before they joined forces, though you'd have to check, I'm not too confident.
4:40 The Dutch republic doesn't include Borkum and the islands to the east.
Not to mention the fact that Guelre got its name from a town in present day Germany....
You called it the 30year war with Willem the silent. At school we learned it was the 80year war, with a treaty in between of 12 years. Given the fact that south america was rich in gold and silver gave the Dutch the chance to hold on for so long. In 2 ways in fact. The Spanish had many people in south america, in stead of the low lands. And Dutch were robbing their Silver and Gold on the Atlantic ocean.
The 30 year war was a larger scale war on the european continent between the catholic habsburgs (holy roman empire/spanish) and the protestants (bohemia/danish/swedish (and for geo-political reasons the catholic french)). The dutch republic was in league with the protestants. Both the 30 year war and the 80 year war ended in oktober of 1648, with the treaty of Münster and the treaty of Osnabrück. The independence of the Dutch Republic was part of the treaty of Münster.
The Dutch Revolt/80 year war revolutionized warfare at the time, and the swedish empire employed a lot of the military doctrines that were first used by the dutch republic.