Neurology | Vestibulocochlear Nerve | Cranial Nerve VIII: Auditory Pathway
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- Опубликовано: 1 окт 2024
- Official Ninja Nerd Website: ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will be talking about the vestibulocochlear nerve or cranial nerve VIII. During this lecture we talk specifically about the auditory pathway and the cochlear branch, which contributes its fibers to make up the vestibulocochlear nerve. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
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The way I remember the nuclei is Lateral is for Light (vision) and Medial is for Music (auditory)
Thanks for this
Ooh you mean the geniculate nuclei.
Is it najeebs trick
thanks
Cool. When he mentioned that I just immediately stored it as "medial goes lateral & lateral goes medial"
I have no idea how you haven’t gone viral yet. These are hands down the best lectures I’ve seen - far better than my professors’.
He help me so much tho
Agreed with you.
Yup true
Actually he's viral. His audience is only limited to med students or allied fields only so he won't get as many views as pop songs. If we consider only the medical fraternity he's getting fair amount of views!
2 mil subs later
No one can teach like you sir, you the best ever
Thank you so much for saying that Awoke!
oh, yes !!! you are. thanks a lot !!
Incredible way of teaching hats off u live long
@@NinjaNerdOfficial Thank you so much sir for the easiest explanation, its really important for me as a SLP student
I feel like you are personally responsible for my survival in this dreaded MS2 phase of life. Keep up the good work, your lectures are incredible! Also, so cool that the team is from PA! #phillyfamous
Thank you SO much for making this! I'm in the middle of studying for my upcoming med school exams, and I was at a loss about all of this. It seemed so complicated and undo-able until I came across this. Will recomend this to my fellow students!
I felt that when you said "Oh this marker is goOOD!"
You are an amazing teacher! what it's explain in about 50 pages in a book in a tough way, you can explain it so well and in such a detailed way. I must really thank you, regards from Spain
Wow! This really helps. I have Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction (BVH). Learning this helps me to understand the extent of my vestibular nerve damage and the cause of my vestibular ocular reflex disorder.
Excellent sir! One question though, aren't spiral ganglia types of BIPOLAR ganglia?
(You've mentioned them as peeudounipolar)
Thank you for this, you've been a blessing!
yes, they are Bipolar. I was confued as well and looked it up
You're a damn hero my man. I'm studying audiology, and some of our lectures on the auditory pathway this year have been lackluster and confusing to say the least. Thank you for putting out such good, informative videos
Great video with a clear explanation of auditory pathways, thank you for that!
Just a little info about otosclerosis though, it is in fact abnormal bony growth, similar to Pagets disease, that causes a fixation of the stapes footplate at the oval window for the most part. The aetiology is thought to be more genetic and is not related to infection (repeated middle ear infections may predispose to cholesteatoma, which is also a cause of conductive hearing loss as it leads to tympanic membrane perforation and ossicular destruction). You can actually get abnormal temporal bone growth causing issues with the cochlea due to otosclerosis, this is rare and can give rise to a sensorineural hearing loss even though for the most part otosclerosis causes a conductive hearing loss.
You are amazing and have a teaching gift. Thank you so much!!! I am all about visual learning, especially with a white board and colored markers. =) Awesome material.
I keep going back to see whether I've already subscribed to you or not, cuz don't know how else to appreciate you for what an amazing job you're doing⭐ hats off to you and your entire team.
You are doing the world a huge favor. You have taught me and are responsible for my good grades. You are awesome. You have a god given gift to teach. Thank you very much.
Why are teachers like you are only present in you tube 😂😂 I mean why have I never met such fantastic teachers in my real life...does my college pay less to teachers??🤔🤔
I love you ... Thankyou so much 😭😭😭😭😭
Can you please stop everything else you do and just become our youtube lecturer... we need you! BEST medical school teacher!!
Nice presentation. I stand to be corrected but I read that the primary auditory cortex is located as you said in the transverse gyrus of Heschl which corresponds not to the superior temporal gyrus but deep within the lateral fissure. The superior temporal gyrus in my understanding is associated with the Wernicke's area.
I love how he let us take a pic of the board to review later
Good job man 👍🏻 you’re serving humanity 🌸
You are best, keep it up brother. You are helping me throughout my medical degree
Amazing video!! Just one little side note, the tecto-spinal tract actually comes from the superior colliculus and not the inferior one according to neuroanatomy books
Regarding the way to remember at 22:00, not sure why you don't go with 'medial music, lateral light'? The issue I have with 'think the opposite of it' is that during exam or stressful periods, I may end up doing the 'opposite' twice - hence still getting it wrong. Whereas MMLL is more foolproof, just don't think that there are opposites.
Also, not to be pedantic, but you've been spelling lemniscus wrong hahah
Excellent teacher, i am astonished to see your clear knowledge about each and every point, how do you gather all such knowledge. Great JOB.
PHYSIOLOGY made BEAUTIFUL by Ninja nerd 😘😘 .. love from INDIA...💓
I love all ur lectures.all of them give more information on the topics i love it all.God bless u sir ❤❤❤
you have done so much to help me going through my first year of medical school, thank you!
really simple explanation in horrible tract of nerves though
I remember it as Lateral Geniculate body = Light
Medial Geniculate = Music
And Superior colliculus = superior sense as light/vision and Inferior colliculus as inferior sense = hearing/sound. I look at light as a superior source of information: sth caught on camera gives us a superior amount of information than sth recorded on audio tape 🤷♂️ maybe it will help someone 😊
Another amazing one!! Thank you Ninja Nerds.
When I was going through Guyton and Hall Text, I found that Lateral superior olivary nucleus is associated with Intensity of sound whereas Medial superior olivary nucleus is associated with Time lag of the sound.
You said the opposite. Anyway it was a great video
no he said right
Masya allahh... I'm enjoy your video.. great job👍
i'm agreed with Omar Aljundi .. you're are very amazing
Thank you!
thank you so much, i love your content it's so helpful
We are happy to hear that Bahaa. Thank you!
you're lessons are amazing! thank you.
But I have a doubt concerning the tecto spinal tract: the portion of the midbrain from where this tract originates isn't the superior colliculus actually?
Both actually.... tectospinal tract is related to the tectum of mid brain which contains both superior and inferior colliculi
this pathway is important in order to perceive the sound , so u are aware of sound
so when u hear smth sound waves go through pinna/auricle and enter external acoustic meatus/canal and hit tympanic membrane.
tympanic membrane start vibrating and cause vibration of ossicles 1st of malleolus then incus and then stapes
stapes hits the oval window and causes from mechanical wave to form FLUID FILLED VIBRATIONS.
this goes through scala vestibuli into scala media and hits basilar membrane which causes the movement of these hair cells and also the endolymph goes between tectorial membrane and hair cells sterio cilia and kinocilia which is the biggest one
SPIRAL GGL has 2 processes
1 of them go to hair cells called peripheral process
thee other to CNS called central process
when peripheral process is activated then central process which a lot of central processes will form the cochlear br of vesibulocochlear n./CN8
then cholear br goes through internal acoustic meatus there runs together w facial n and labyrinthine artery and vein before reaching the medullary pons junction
when it reaches medullary pons junction it synapse w nucleus
VENTRAL AND DOORSAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS
route :
dorsal cochlear nucleus crosses and this is called dorsal ACOUSTIC striae and then enter the LATERAL LEMINISCUS NUCLEI
VENTRAL COCHLEAR NUCLEI IT CROSS AT TRAPEZOID BODY AND GO TO SUPERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS AND THEN TO LATERAL LEMINISUS NUCLEI
THEN THESE 2 BECOME TOGETHER AND GO TO INFERIOR COLLICULI (RESPONSIBLE FOR AUDITORY REFLEX ) AND THEN GO TO MEDIAL GENICULATE BODY OF THALAMUS(NOTE: REMEMBER "M " MUSIC WHICH MEANS HEARING-AUDIOTRY )AND THEN FORM AUDITORY RADIATIONS WHICH GO TO SUPERIOR TEMPORAL GYRUS OF TEMPORAL LOBE WHICH IS ALSO CALLED THE PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX OR BROADMAN AREA 41,42
Dorsal cochlear nucleus:
Principal cells
Stellate cells
Dorsal acoustic stria
VPCN: Octopus cells
Intermediate acoustic stria
AVCN:
Stellate cells
Bushy cells (spherical & globular)
Ventral acoustic stria/Trapezoid body
Lateral leminiscus
Inferior colliculus
Brachium of inferior colliculus
Medial geniculate nucleus
Superior temporal gyrus (primary auditory cortex): awareness of speech
Wernicke's area: comprehension of speech
Broca's area (present on the left): muscles of speech
28:08 Superior olivary nucleus
Teaching is not difficult...but making others Understand tht is really really difficult...and u do tht.❣️
The solely most helpful video available in youtube for this topic. Just brilliantly taught and explained. In awe of this amazing man's work. Loved it sir.
Two mistakes my friend...
1. The Olfactory Neuron is a Bipolar variant which synapses with a ganglion cell (like in the retina, with on and off Bipolar cells) in the spiral ganglion. Pseudounipolar neurons are only present in dorsal root ganglion (sensory neurons).
2. The acoustic reflexes are mediated by the superior olives (which have the primitive decibel/frequency encoding circuits to gauge the level and respond accodingly), not the Reticular Formation.
But otherwise, a fantastic illustration as always. RoCK iT.
Thank you team as always!! I learn so much more from your explanations than reading from a book! I appreciate your work so so so much, you are getting me through med school! Bless you guysssssssssss
Which one of these can detect source of sound? Is it inferior colliculus or superior olivary nuclei ?
You mentioned that superior Olivary nuclei have function to localization of sound?
So, what is deference between detect source or localization of sound?!
I think there is a fine difference between the two. Inferior colliculus: causes motor reflexes to the sound heard (auditory stimulus). for example, turning your head to some sudden loud noise. Superior olivary nucleus: just localization of the source of the sound.
Just so that you know, superior colliculus also causes motor reflexes but to the visual stimulus, like turning your head along with a beautiful person walking by 😉
I learned this from NInja nerds as well in the anatomy of the brain.
Hi Ninja, awesome video, you are an extremely effective teacher. Quick question about the cross talk between nuclei. It is my understanding of the auditory pathway that this crosstalk is not exclusive to the level of interest. In other words, the cross talk will project to adjacent levels. So if we’re at the level of the nucleus of L.L., the cross talk will project to contralateral LL as well as contralateral IC, etc. Is this true, or am I mistaken. Thanks in advance.
My trick to remember the thalamic nuclei by : M=Music( heard by ear ) = Medial Geniculate body
And Acoustic Schwannoma occurs in Inferior Vestibular Nerve
You are extraordinary!🔥🔥Gifted by God
Thanks for your work! Just question on a little detail: the peripheral neurons in the spiral and vestibular ganglia are pseudounipolar, like it’s said in the video, or actually bipolar, which is an exception than the other peripheral nerve ganglia?
LGB- Light for eyes optic paths
MGB-music for ears auditory pathways
Superior colliculus eye bc it upp
Inferior collicullus ear bc it bit down
hi ninja we love you here in denmark !.
You are awesome Sir....
Thanks for making the lecture a fun one.....Really enjoyed.
Can you please discuss SSHL ? I suddenly went deaf in my right ear last April. Doctors can’t figure it out.
I have to say it ... I'm impressed!! Excellent excellent work! Thank you sir!
OMG!!! thank you so much! You are going to help me pass my CNIM with ease. Definitely Subscribed and will be back for more. Please don't stop making these lectures. You are saving us all!!!
Excuse me sir, The stapedius muscle do not tap on the oval window sir 😬 I guess you confused 🫤 ( at minute 37:53-37:59)
This is really wonderful ❤️
Superssuper interesting😉😉😉Hello from Belorus,Minsk.
Isnt the transverse gyrus of Heschl deep to - and - sperate from the superior temporal gyrus? arent they two seperate gyri, not interchanging names of the same thing.
I thought that neurons in cochlear ganglion and vestibular ganglion are bipolar not pseudounipolar? Did I miss something?🙄
Medial geniculate nucleus= M stands for Music, so it is included in hearing. Lateral is the last one left= for vision, love you
Hands down,one of the best lectures🙌🏽
Thank you so much. No other words to describe how much it helped me.
dont some of the fibers from the superior olivary nucleus go straight to the medial geniculate nucleus?
NinjaCool 😎 Would you be so kind to do a video on cranial 8 and Tinnitus with the brain for a cure? I know several people suffering from it from loud music to anesthesia toxicity after surgery. But no one can understand that I know how some people get better and others have the tinnitus condition for years. If so, thank you in advance and God Bless 🙏🏻
Hello sir,
Iam been facing hearing problem since 6 to 7 years below is the reported points of MRI Brain plain scanning and Can you please tell me what does below 2 points really mean and is there any cure for this ?
1)Cochlear division of 8th carnial nerve within the internal acoustic canal on either side appears siginificantly smaller in calliber as compared to the facial nerve - possibly bilateral hypoplastic nerves .
2) Inferior vestibular nerve on either side appears mild smaller in caliber.
After watching your video i have understood basic thing about above points but not completely and trying solve my hearing issue.
I’m watching this on my tv where I’m not logged in but I looked for it here to say thank you, again, for your dynamic style and high value presentations. Always super didactic.
If only people are more interested in science than in tiktok, you would have been VIRAL right now.
Anyway, I am a medical student from the Philippines. Unfortunately, because of COVID-19 classes are suspended, luckily ninja nerd science is here. SO THANKFUL FOR YOU GUYS!
Sending some love from the Philippines. STAY SAFE.
This is going to save my marks, THANK YOU!!!
Very interesting video. Thank you for sharing. I didn’t know that hearing was bilateral. Is there a specific difference between left an right frequenties? Like the view site in the eye which have different oriëntation? Regards, Douwe.
Dr Shahinian of skull base institute resected my large acoustic neuroma and was able to preserve my trigéminal. I called them to ask if he had been able to preserve the cochlear nerve. But I believe since the neuroma was so large and it is formed by the nerve cells, maybe he resected everything and wasn’t able to save anything. I’m asking because I wonder if a cochlear implant could restore hearing. I never wanted to get the Baha or other bone conduction implants. I tried the transear, a bone conduction hearing aid. Hated it!! Hate single sided deafness so if there are any treatment modalities to solve it let me know!!
Dude you'r a monster... you know all by heart. I just love that comment "oh, this marker is good". you should make a video about "How to learn and keep all knowledge in your brain".
I think u are not well during that lecture ... ur voice is somewhat different cold maybe
A lot of love from Pakistan 💕💕🇵🇰💕💕
thank you so much, you teach n makes this lecture more easy to understand. Realy cute, awesome, and helpful. You explain more genius than a professors
loved the way you make every topic so easy to understand.. really appreciate it !!
Sir, i have one doubt!
Is it bipolar or pseudounipolar neuron?
17:38 It could save others from the Lateral Leminiscus, but not itself.
Ironic...
@@yahyadashti2879 It really is isn't it
@@Kichidakatsumi indeed it is, but this is a star wars reference u wouldnt get it Faisal :)
about 21:40, the doctors that teach us have another mnemonic about that: Lateral geniculate-->L-->Light-->Eyes. Medial geniculate-->M-->Music-->Ears :)
Thank you so much pretty informative and direct forward 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻
As always, your lectures are so perfect! Thank You Ninja Nerd Lectures!
Understood well
Thank you so much🙏🏻❤️
First thank you, for a better world, so educational good spirit too. Just wandering, what's the difference of C.S.f and the Ears canal fluids composite. Thank U. Again and all the best to all of you.
Thank you for making me understand how hearing is really happening
If Broca's area is only on one side of the brain, what is on the other side in that location?
Seriously, you rock in the best kind of way. Are you married? I need you in my home, everyday, for the rest of my doctorate studies (PhD in Neuro). We can talk about 'love & babies' after graduation. Thanks a mill!!!
I'm going to PA school in a month and am reviewing. It's awesome that you are not only a soon to be PA (perhaps you already got there) but are also a fantastic and thorough explainer of all things necessary! Thank you so much for what you do.
Thank you, that was very helpful!
My best choice I’ve ever made was subscribing to you my guy
Thank you so much. I have really understand the whole video.
Jackson Margaret Taylor Christopher Wilson Gary
dude ...im always so impressed with your brain.....you must have started all this before this body....how old are you in this one...?
How can we download this diagram please and what's the third function of the superior oliver nucleus....
sweet deal
The superior olivary nucleus is not a nucleus, it's a complex of nuclei called the superior olivary complex.
the LSO and MSO aren't complexes, they're just individual nuclei. The entire Superior Olivary Complex (SOC) is a complex of nuclei
Thank you so much! This is going to help me with my neuroanatomy final
You’re my favorite RUclips channel 😍
I'm a teacher who is studying for a career change to speech language pathology. Just want to say that the way you present your lessons is awesome and grounded in some great teaching strategies, especially for language learners. In our school we use dual language strategies from Project GLAD (Guided Language Acquisition Design). We call the process of presenting information by drawing a visual schematic while explaining complex concepts a Pictorial Input Chart. It's a proven method for teaching language learners to absorb content quickly. That and the color coding, repetition of vocabulary, are all key to absorbing the info. Anyway, you are likely already aware of this and consciously choosing these strategies, but I just wanted to applaud your pedagogy and thank you. It's really helped me get through my audiology course!!
Just checked - the tectospinal tract is from the superior colliculus, not the inferior colliculus as you have mentioned. great video otherwise!
One correction: Neurons inside the spiral ganglia are bipolar neurons, they are not pseudounipolar neurons
Wow.. I wish you were my professor I love how you break everything down and actually teach!!
You are also good teacher of Neuroanatomy as like Dr najeeb 😘😘🇵🇰🇵🇰
You hear Music from Medial Geniculate nucleus. You see Light from Lateral geniculate nucleus
I know u are awesome... thanks for everything.. please take care of your health too :D