Amazon Profile: www.amazon.com/stores/Marie-Mullany/author/B099QJMV6C The other books: www.amazon.com/author/taliatethers Also, for the month of July 2023, you can download my books for free and DRM free from smashwords: www.smashwords.com/books/byseries/83723
Some random thoughts. Pressure - Pressure underwater is high. - Increase of one atmosphere every 10 meters. - For comparison, the pressure differential between sea level and space is only one atmosphere. - WW2 submarines had a crush depth of only 100 meters. - Current military submarines are limited to less than 1000 meters. - You need specialized deep diving vehicles to go deeper than that. They are small and slow. - The Titanic wreck is at 3800 meters. - For warfare, vehicles that can dive deeper can evade pursuers who can't follow. Just like high altitude ceiling gives an advantage to military aircraft. Temperature - It's not just cold, water also conducts heat away more quickly than air - Heat insulation is therefore going to be important for warm blooded species Body armor - Due to the high pressure, you're not going to have body-hugging armor at depth. - Current deep diving suits are made out of spherical parts (including the joints) to resist the pressure. Oxygen - Nuclear submarines use electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Depth control - Submarines use a combination of buoyancy control for coarse control, and deflecting water using horizontal vanes like an airplane for fine control. - Keeping both in balance is a skilled job. Failure can mean an unplanned surfacing of the submarine - deadly if you are stalking enemy ships. - There are layers in the ocean with different salinity and therefore density. Transitioning from one to another will cause the submarine to suddenly rise or fall. For high speed travel, use supercavitation - This creates a bubble around the vehicle, allowing it to slip through the water with little resistance - Supercavitating torpedoes do exist Weapons - Arrows and spears will not travel as quickly or as far, but can still work. Spearguns are commonly used for fishing under water, with a range of a few meters. - A supercavitating spear would be cool. - 3D movement. This was a big oversight in the underwater battle at the end of the first Aquaman movie (they also ignore depth/pressure limits). - Use pressure weapons for concussion damage, to make use of the incompressibility of water. Obviously with explosives such as depth charges and torpedoes, but even a less powerful system (maybe using compressed air) would be effective for stunning.
I forgot about super cavitation! Thanks 😊 Maybe I’ll make a follow up video on that later. For anyone who hasn’t dived, the pressure thing is insane even at relatively shallow depths. The difference between a reef at 10 meters vs a reef at 40 is drastic. I can’t even imagine going below a 100 without a vehicle.
@@JustInTimeWorldsPressure on the bodies of beings living in the ocean would be a problem if they go too deep. However, I think constructing vehicles for a water dwelling civilization would be much easier than for humans and the vehicles wouldn't have a depth limit. The reason why it is so hard for subs to dive deep is that there is air inside the sub which much less dense than water. One needs really strong materials to build subs in order for them not to implode. The deeper you go, the stronger hull you need. However, the water dweling civilization lives in water so I assume their subs would also be filled with water rather than air. As water is not compressible, you don't need superstrong hull to go very deep.
One clever option, if a gilled species wants to explore deeper, colder, low-oxygen environments, would be to use a breathing apparatus that both oxygenates *and* heats the water they're breathing. Heating the gills would warm up the blood, which then circulates freely through the cardiovascular network, keeping the entire body warm.
So that might very well be a thing. Even fish are generally adapted to swim at a certain depth, they have this swimbladder to keep them neutrally buoyant. Sunfish, who dive deep for food, actually don't have a swimbladder. I thought about including something about that, but it seemed a little too technical for the content.
@@JustInTimeWorldsThank you for a very informative and inspireing video! It's very useful for someone like me who is creating an underwater world. My water people have a swimbladder but no lungs as they breath through gills. I think they can regulate their buoyancy close to the surface with their swim bladder and then, if they dive deeper, colapse it as whales colapse their lungs. In this case, they would control their buoyancy by kicking with their arms and feet. Do you think that would be plausible?
@@tautvydastamasauskas I think it could work up to a certain depth. Your people would need to be careful of getting the bends however and would probably have a name for it. Even fish who come up to fast could get the bends. Oh! Also since they breathe down there, they would probably have to be careful of lung over expansion and would have a rule like "never rise faster than your slowest bubble" and "always keep breathing". Since if they don't expel the air breathed at depths, they would end up with their lungs popping like a balloon. You might also want to check out the sunfish, a fish that doesn't have a swim bladder and dives very deep. I watched a great video the other day: ruclips.net/video/lEj8bnx0TB0/видео.html it's super interesting.
Love this video mostly because I'm on volume 3 of my novel in a underwater kingdom. Exploring the depths doesn't require special tech or magic as the species that do it are not only oceanic but have evolved to handled to pressure and temperature. Most aquatic species are built like Olympians due to the constant weight like how swimmers are built really well. Granted the deep black trenches are very hostile. Allocation of the environment is different depending on the species, Sahaugin have electro-reception, Sea Elves & Tritons can produce light from their skin becoming bioluminescent, Water Elemites can feel vibrations in the water on their skin like an echolocation through the skin. Underwater cavalry was something I was fascinated with as sharks and whales were domesticated for war. I even made another type of whale breed for war called "Deep Terror" large, strong, bearing sharp teeth and scars on it's hide. The Deep Terror could inhale water and retain bones of those it's eaten and expel it as a forceful blast of water and bone shards. Hydras can be tamed but it's very difficult. I do feel like spears & tridents work underwater only but the amount of prongs on it indicates the strength and rank of the soldier going from 1 - 6. Their weapons are magically infused with divine magic from Pisces herself from hitting harder, to coming back after being thrown, to moving water, making piercing & slicing water waves, freezing, and even producing lightning (but that is reserved for the highest ranking soldiers). Enchanted bows that have arrows tipped with jellyfish venom. Armor made of rock & coral, the coral can absorb and release light in a blinding flash on the battlefield.
I love this video thank you so much, I have a question though. Say your underwater civilization is based farther away from the equator where coral reefs don't grow. Could Kelp forests and Sea grass regions work as well?
Yes, however! You do get cold water reefs even far from the equator. Reefs are the lifeblood of the ocean. Kelp forest are nice, but coral is why the oceans are alive. I’m working on a deep sea (cold water) reef video :)
for my merfolk i made shields big in combat. traditionally shields were rounded, as if a section of a dome you were in the middle of. this means that they were easy to move around you as in that direction they'd cut through water. however moving from your position meant you'd fight a ton of drag. so these shields were amazing if you were defending, but extremely hard to attack with. this bled into warfare as a whole, where you'd always want to be on the defence. so if you wanted to expand through military force you'd need to bait the other into attacking you. and this then bled into culture where any form of aggressive emotion, especially an outburst of emotion, was seen as a shameful act and a sign of weakness. but in modern times smaller better designed shields that are less effective but also function during an attack have been invented, though they are massively disliked by those that hang onto culture (and the merfolk have a big thing about hanging on to old culture. it's their way of dealing with mortality which turned into a bit of a theme of my world). at the same time people are fighting against the culture of no emotion, claiming a life without strong emotions isn't a life at all (i just realised that's some of my lived MtF experience coming into play).
It's useful to think about the surface of the ocean as a mirror. For terrestrial creatures going up into the atmosphere results in less resources and more extreme conditions and hence less diversity and abundance of life. For aquatic creatures the REVERSE is true. While diversity and abundance of resources and life is still concentrated at the interface, diving deeper results in fewer resources, a more hostile environment, less diversity and less abundance. So for aquatic creatures, down is our up! 🧜♂️Since both terrestrial and aquatic species can access near surface (and possibly shoreline) resources, encounters and conflicts occur in this interface zone.
Algo que se me ocurre es que, ya que la ciudad es, básicamente, un organismo, se podría negociar con los edificios para que ayuden en la defensa o en la invasión.
@@JustInTimeWorlds Puedo imaginarme que se forman brazos de los edificios que sujeten a los invasores o la propia ciudad generando muros para encerrar a los enemigos.
Amazon Profile: www.amazon.com/stores/Marie-Mullany/author/B099QJMV6C
The other books: www.amazon.com/author/taliatethers
Also, for the month of July 2023, you can download my books for free and DRM free from smashwords: www.smashwords.com/books/byseries/83723
Would you consider doing part 2 on cultures/religions in the underwater environment?🤗
I'll add it to the list :) Might be a while till I circle back to it, but I will in due course :)
@@JustInTimeWorlds thanks🤗🤗
Barracuda Blitz! I love it!!
It does paint a nice image :D
When you make incurrence it made me think of weather machines but for currents
Some random thoughts.
Pressure
- Pressure underwater is high.
- Increase of one atmosphere every 10 meters.
- For comparison, the pressure differential between sea level and space is only one atmosphere.
- WW2 submarines had a crush depth of only 100 meters.
- Current military submarines are limited to less than 1000 meters.
- You need specialized deep diving vehicles to go deeper than that. They are small and slow.
- The Titanic wreck is at 3800 meters.
- For warfare, vehicles that can dive deeper can evade pursuers who can't follow. Just like high altitude ceiling gives an advantage to military aircraft.
Temperature
- It's not just cold, water also conducts heat away more quickly than air
- Heat insulation is therefore going to be important for warm blooded species
Body armor
- Due to the high pressure, you're not going to have body-hugging armor at depth.
- Current deep diving suits are made out of spherical parts (including the joints) to resist the pressure.
Oxygen
- Nuclear submarines use electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
Depth control
- Submarines use a combination of buoyancy control for coarse control, and deflecting water using horizontal vanes like an airplane for fine control.
- Keeping both in balance is a skilled job. Failure can mean an unplanned surfacing of the submarine - deadly if you are stalking enemy ships.
- There are layers in the ocean with different salinity and therefore density. Transitioning from one to another will cause the submarine to suddenly rise or fall.
For high speed travel, use supercavitation
- This creates a bubble around the vehicle, allowing it to slip through the water with little resistance
- Supercavitating torpedoes do exist
Weapons
- Arrows and spears will not travel as quickly or as far, but can still work. Spearguns are commonly used for fishing under water, with a range of a few meters.
- A supercavitating spear would be cool.
- 3D movement. This was a big oversight in the underwater battle at the end of the first Aquaman movie (they also ignore depth/pressure limits).
- Use pressure weapons for concussion damage, to make use of the incompressibility of water. Obviously with explosives such as depth charges and torpedoes, but even a less powerful system (maybe using compressed air) would be effective for stunning.
I forgot about super cavitation! Thanks 😊 Maybe I’ll make a follow up video on that later.
For anyone who hasn’t dived, the pressure thing is insane even at relatively shallow depths. The difference between a reef at 10 meters vs a reef at 40 is drastic. I can’t even imagine going below a 100 without a vehicle.
@@JustInTimeWorldsPressure on the bodies of beings living in the ocean would be a problem if they go too deep. However, I think constructing vehicles for a water dwelling civilization would be much easier than for humans and the vehicles wouldn't have a depth limit. The reason why it is so hard for subs to dive deep is that there is air inside the sub which much less dense than water. One needs really strong materials to build subs in order for them not to implode. The deeper you go, the stronger hull you need. However, the water dweling civilization lives in water so I assume their subs would also be filled with water rather than air. As water is not compressible, you don't need superstrong hull to go very deep.
@@tautvydastamasauskas good points!
One clever option, if a gilled species wants to explore deeper, colder, low-oxygen environments, would be to use a breathing apparatus that both oxygenates *and* heats the water they're breathing. Heating the gills would warm up the blood, which then circulates freely through the cardiovascular network, keeping the entire body warm.
When you mentioned see pressure it made me think of decompressing stations to avoid breathing problems
So that might very well be a thing. Even fish are generally adapted to swim at a certain depth, they have this swimbladder to keep them neutrally buoyant. Sunfish, who dive deep for food, actually don't have a swimbladder. I thought about including something about that, but it seemed a little too technical for the content.
@@JustInTimeWorldsThank you for a very informative and inspireing video! It's very useful for someone like me who is creating an underwater world.
My water people have a swimbladder but no lungs as they breath through gills. I think they can regulate their buoyancy close to the surface with their swim bladder and then, if they dive deeper, colapse it as whales colapse their lungs. In this case, they would control their buoyancy by kicking with their arms and feet. Do you think that would be plausible?
@@tautvydastamasauskas I think it could work up to a certain depth. Your people would need to be careful of getting the bends however and would probably have a name for it. Even fish who come up to fast could get the bends. Oh! Also since they breathe down there, they would probably have to be careful of lung over expansion and would have a rule like "never rise faster than your slowest bubble" and "always keep breathing". Since if they don't expel the air breathed at depths, they would end up with their lungs popping like a balloon.
You might also want to check out the sunfish, a fish that doesn't have a swim bladder and dives very deep. I watched a great video the other day: ruclips.net/video/lEj8bnx0TB0/видео.html it's super interesting.
@@JustInTimeWorldsthank you for sharing the video!
Could you talk about what mermaids need to explore the mainland? It's an interesting topic.
You mean be amphibious? Like explore land outside the ocean?
@@JustInTimeWorlds Yes
@@felipegonzalez7447 Okay, I'll add it to the list :)
Love this video mostly because I'm on volume 3 of my novel in a underwater kingdom.
Exploring the depths doesn't require special tech or magic as the species that do it are not only oceanic but have evolved to handled to pressure and temperature. Most aquatic species are built like Olympians due to the constant weight like how swimmers are built really well. Granted the deep black trenches are very hostile. Allocation of the environment is different depending on the species, Sahaugin have electro-reception, Sea Elves & Tritons can produce light from their skin becoming bioluminescent, Water Elemites can feel vibrations in the water on their skin like an echolocation through the skin.
Underwater cavalry was something I was fascinated with as sharks and whales were domesticated for war. I even made another type of whale breed for war called "Deep Terror" large, strong, bearing sharp teeth and scars on it's hide. The Deep Terror could inhale water and retain bones of those it's eaten and expel it as a forceful blast of water and bone shards. Hydras can be tamed but it's very difficult.
I do feel like spears & tridents work underwater only but the amount of prongs on it indicates the strength and rank of the soldier going from 1 - 6. Their weapons are magically infused with divine magic from Pisces herself from hitting harder, to coming back after being thrown, to moving water, making piercing & slicing water waves, freezing, and even producing lightning (but that is reserved for the highest ranking soldiers). Enchanted bows that have arrows tipped with jellyfish venom.
Armor made of rock & coral, the coral can absorb and release light in a blinding flash on the battlefield.
I love this video thank you so much, I have a question though. Say your underwater civilization is based farther away from the equator where coral reefs don't grow. Could Kelp forests and Sea grass regions work as well?
Yes, however! You do get cold water reefs even far from the equator. Reefs are the lifeblood of the ocean. Kelp forest are nice, but coral is why the oceans are alive. I’m working on a deep sea (cold water) reef video :)
@@JustInTimeWorlds That is so cool! Thank you!
for my merfolk i made shields big in combat. traditionally shields were rounded, as if a section of a dome you were in the middle of. this means that they were easy to move around you as in that direction they'd cut through water. however moving from your position meant you'd fight a ton of drag. so these shields were amazing if you were defending, but extremely hard to attack with. this bled into warfare as a whole, where you'd always want to be on the defence. so if you wanted to expand through military force you'd need to bait the other into attacking you. and this then bled into culture where any form of aggressive emotion, especially an outburst of emotion, was seen as a shameful act and a sign of weakness.
but in modern times smaller better designed shields that are less effective but also function during an attack have been invented, though they are massively disliked by those that hang onto culture (and the merfolk have a big thing about hanging on to old culture. it's their way of dealing with mortality which turned into a bit of a theme of my world). at the same time people are fighting against the culture of no emotion, claiming a life without strong emotions isn't a life at all (i just realised that's some of my lived MtF experience coming into play).
It's useful to think about the surface of the ocean as a mirror. For terrestrial creatures going up into the atmosphere results in less resources and more extreme conditions and hence less diversity and abundance of life. For aquatic creatures the REVERSE is true. While diversity and abundance of resources and life is still concentrated at the interface, diving deeper results in fewer resources, a more hostile environment, less diversity and less abundance. So for aquatic creatures, down is our up! 🧜♂️Since both terrestrial and aquatic species can access near surface (and possibly shoreline) resources, encounters and conflicts occur in this interface zone.
Midges manipulating pressure
Algo que se me ocurre es que, ya que la ciudad es, básicamente, un organismo, se podría negociar con los edificios para que ayuden en la defensa o en la invasión.
Yes, exactly :) Coral, sponges, all the stationary animals can come into play defending the city.
@@JustInTimeWorlds Puedo imaginarme que se forman brazos de los edificios que sujeten a los invasores o la propia ciudad generando muros para encerrar a los enemigos.
Organisms* 😏
Picked that up in editing and was like… oops 😅🫢
PeakContent
Thanks :)