Refinery Process Part 3

A refinery is a production facility composed of a group of chemical engineering unit processes and unit operations refining certain materials or converting raw material into products of value.
The crude is heated by a furnace and is sent to a distillation tower, where it is separated by boiling point. Then the material is converted by heating, pressure or a catalyst into finished products including fuels like gasoline and diesel, and specialty products like asphalt and solvents.
It consists of tankage, a distillation unit, recovery facilities for gases and light hydrocarbons, and the necessary utility systems (steam, power, and water-treatment plants).
All refineries have three basic steps: separation, conversion and treatment. During the separation process, the liquids and vapors separate into petroleum components called factions based on their weight and boiling point in distillation units.
There are four types of refineries - topping, hydro-skimming, conversion, and deep conversion refineries. Depending on the market a refiner is aiming at, each refinery has its unique design to ensure their production conforms to their host country's set standards.
Various Units in Refinery are
Hydrocracker Unit.
Continuous Catalytic Regeneration Platforming Unit.
Isomerisation Unit.
Petro Fluidised Catalytic Cracking Unit.
Delayed Coker Unit.
Visbreaker Unit.
Bitumen Unit.
These processes include: Decomposition (dividing) by thermal and catalytic cracking; Unification (combining) through alkylation and polymerization; and. Alteration (rearranging) with isomerization and catalytic reforming.
The major products of oil refining are: LPG, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, fuel oil, and kerosene-a blend of several different streams produced by the various refinery processes to meet final specifications.
An oil refinery is a facility that takes crude oil and distills it into various useful petroleum products such as gasoline, kerosene, or jet fuel. Refining is classified as a downstream operation of the oil and gas industry, although many integrated oil companies will operate both extraction and refining services.
By watching this video, you will have a clear understanding on definition of valves, classification of valves, Valves selection criteria and application of various types of valves using in oil and gas industry.
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