Maximum boiling azeotropes

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  • Опубликовано: 5 сен 2024
  • A short video explaining why liquids show negative deviation from Raoult's Law - graphical representation of their vapour pressure and boiling point w.r.t composition.
    For more videos please subscribe on
    / penandpaperchemistry
    The videos have supporting text matter on the website
    sites.google.c...
    The text matter and videos are an outcome of my almost 18 years of experience with students of Chemistry and their areas of struggle.
    This is an ongoing project and any feedback positive or negative will give us an impetus to do more in a better way. Please help me to spread this knowledge by sharing the link with your family and friends or whosoever you feel may benefit from it.
    Best Wishes

Комментарии • 31

  • @FRC93
    @FRC93 4 года назад +1

    Finally a good explanation that makes sense

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  4 года назад +1

      Hello Farhan,
      So glad that you could relate to the topic. As a student I used to find it so overwhelming so can totally relate to your relief 😊.
      Do check out Organic Chemistry videos as well- I am sure you will find them helpful too specially the flowcharts to help you remember and recall Organic Chemistry easily.
      ruclips.net/p/PLh0w_4t1FQg58qkTCXNB4mkq_BN1R251N
      And more will be uploaded soon.
      Best Wishes

  • @PratikKumar-og6zi
    @PratikKumar-og6zi 3 года назад +1

    Thanks so much

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  3 года назад

      Very welcome to the channel Pratik.
      Hope you will connect and take advantage of videos on other topics on the channel and also encourage your friends and classmates to do so.
      Stay safe and happy

  • @puneetsaini6487
    @puneetsaini6487 6 лет назад +4

    Thanks a lot for this. Really helpful.

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  6 лет назад +1

      Puneet Saini Thank you for the encouraging comment. Watch out for some more videos on other topics by subscribing to the channel. Also visit the website for some interesting and easy to recall flow charts.
      sites.google.com/site/learningchemistryisfun

  • @GM-OIL
    @GM-OIL 5 лет назад +1

    Very well explained ma'am .thank you 😃

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  5 лет назад

      Thank you Gaurav. Glad to see the smile on your face. Keep it on as I plan to load more videos soon. Help me to spread this joy by sharing the channel. Best Wishes.

  • @sammyadas7539
    @sammyadas7539 6 лет назад +1

    NICELY EXPLAINED

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  6 лет назад

      Thank you Saamya. Hope this helps to build up on the basics. Don't forget to subscribe and share with friends. Happy studying 😊

  • @amitsolanki508
    @amitsolanki508 4 года назад

    Thanks for clearing concept

  • @subhradev-NIT-nagpur.
    @subhradev-NIT-nagpur. 3 года назад

    Thank u so much mam for this video....it is really helpful for me....mam pls upload more videos on chemistry .....love u mam ...

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  3 года назад

      Hello Subhradev,
      So happy to know that the video was helpful. Do take down the notes for offline reference.
      I am a bit confused which topic to start. Can you suggest any topic to me 😄.
      Please share your joy with friends and classmates so there are some more happy people around.
      Best wishes and happy learning 🙏

  • @limweilun3331
    @limweilun3331 4 года назад

    Correction has to be made : HCl does not form hydrogen bonding with water
    The case here is is HCl dissociates in water to form H+ ion and Cl- ion.
    the H+ and Cl- ion is then associated with water through ion-dipole interaction which is stronger than hydrogen bonding in water and the VDW in HCl

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  4 года назад

      Lim Wei Lun - Yes i stand corrected.I think it's more reasonable to explain it as hydronium ions formed as a result of ionisation showing H bond than the HCl.
      itself. Thank you for reviewing. I shall be uploading a fresh video on this topic as even the writing on the board is not so legible! Just out of interest- Are you a student or a teacher?
      Best Wishes 🙏

    • @limweilun3331
      @limweilun3331 4 года назад

      @@PenandPaperChemistry I'm an A-level tutor

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  4 года назад

      @@limweilun3331 👍 Thanks for visiting the channel and sharing your valuable feedback.

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  4 года назад

      Lim Wei Lun- out of academic interest I have been researching about the above point and have realised that it's a divided house on HCl forming/not forming Hydrogen bonds. One school of thought also indicates that the first step to ionisation of HCl is the attraction between Cl and H30 + due to Hydrogen bonding which then leads to ionisation. While it is also reasoned that since the size of Chlorine atom is large the electronegativity difference is not large enough to bring about a strong hydrogen bond formation as in the case of Flourine.Although from curriculum point of view the elements fluorine, Oxygen and Nitrogen are specified to form Hydrogen bonds. Would like to know your valuable opinion on the same. 🙏

  • @neenadas9826
    @neenadas9826 6 лет назад

    mam you mean we get residue as our final mixture ?

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  6 лет назад +1

      The residue left in the flask is a mixture while the distillate will be A or B depending on the composition of the original solution.Hope this answers your question.
      Do like and subscribe to the channel as I shall be loading videos on Organic compounds and their study and a number of topics which students usually struggle with.Happy studying: )

    • @sivakumarsubbiah9716
      @sivakumarsubbiah9716 5 лет назад +1

      If A or B vapours then only B or A should be present how of residue is present ????

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  5 лет назад +2

      Sivakumar - the distillate does not contain the entire amount of A or B which is there in the mixture. Only a fraction of the lower boiling liquid vaporises and once the mixture reaches the constant boiling composition, both A and B vaporize together and can't be separated further by boiling alone. Hope this answers your doubt.
      Subscribe for more videos and do share with your friends.
      You will also find supporting material at
      sites.google.com/site/learningchemistryisfun/solutions-1/physical-chemistry

    • @sivakumarsubbiah9716
      @sivakumarsubbiah9716 5 лет назад +1

      @@PenandPaperChemistry wt is residue ??? :( sry didnot understand plz explain

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  5 лет назад +1

      Sivakumar- let us suppose you start with a 100 ml mixture of each of HCl and water.Boiling point of HCl being lower (around 48 degrees at 38% composition), it slowly starts vaporizing and on cooling is obtained as distillate. What will happen to the percentage of HCl in the mixture?
      yes the percentage of HCl in the mixture will start decreasing and that of water will start increasing. Once the composition of the mixture in the distillation flask reaches 22.2% HCl the boiling point of the mixture becomes 108 degrees approx. Now the two components water and HCl do not vaporise seaparately but together no matter how long you heat.So beyond this composition you cannot separate the two components by distillation alone.
      Hope this provides you with some clarity on the word residue.Here the word residue means the liquid mixture left in the distillation flask.

  • @syedamahera9564
    @syedamahera9564 5 лет назад

    Mam hindi me bnao plzzzzz

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  5 лет назад

      Hello Syeda,
      ruclips.net/video/o-Yvghb5aH0/видео.html
      यह एक विडीओ हिंदी में बनाने का प्रयास किया है , आप देख कर बताओ की कुछ फ़ायदा होता है या नहीं । मुझे हिंदी में terms नहीं आती इसलिए हिंदी में ग़लत शब्द बोल कर ग़लत नहीं पढ़ाना चाहती।
      शुभकामनाएँ मेरी और से

  • @Zaidkhan-ll6rf
    @Zaidkhan-ll6rf 5 лет назад +1

    Hindi mei batana tha

    • @PenandPaperChemistry
      @PenandPaperChemistry  5 лет назад

      बेटे मुझे हिंदी में scientific terms नहीं आतीं इसलिए हिन्दी में नहीं बोला ।
      You can ask your doubts in the comments section and I will try my best to reply.