(Fig 5-E.10) Localized-type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor

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📌 Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a benign synovial proliferative disorder characterized by villous and nodular projections.
The disease may present as either localized or diffuse and is usually monoarticular, meaning it typically affects only one joint.
✅ Two types of TGCT
Localized TGCT: Also known as focal form, formerly referred to as focal nodular synovitis.
This form is usually small, ovoid, and exhibits intermediate or low signal intensity on MRI sequences.
Diffuse TGCT: Formerly known as pigmented villonodular synovitis,
this form shows similar histological features as the localized form but involves a more extensive area of the synovium.
✅ MRI Characteristics
Signal Intensity: TGCT is characterized by recurrent bleeding, which leads to hemosiderin deposition.
This causes a characteristic low signal intensity in all MRI sequences and magnetic susceptibility.
Localized TGCT: Most commonly appears as a small (2-3 cm) ovoid mass with intermediate or low signal intensity.
Larger polylobulated lesions are not uncommon.
In the knee, the infrapatellar fat pad is affected in two-thirds of cases, with the remainder located at the suprapatellar pouch or intercondylar notch.
References
Radiographics. 2023 May;43(5)
.
RadioGraphics 2018; 38:2069-2101.
"Visualizing MSK Radiology: A Practical Guide to Radiology Mastery"
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#TenosynovialGiantCellTumor, #TGCT, #SynovialProliferativeDisorder, #LocalizedTGCT, #DiffuseTGCT, #MRI, #MedicalImaging, #BenignTumor, #Radiology, #Synovitis

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