Important: I've made some serious mistakes and badly expressed myself in some cases. 1. When we heat materials, metal is a good conduction of heat as I tell in the video. 2. Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. Particles, NOT electrons as I show in the heated glass pots example. Molecules and atoms vibrate faster. As atoms vibrate faster, the space between atoms increases, that's what I meant on the "voltage difference" creation animation. 3. In the potential animation, electrons should flow from V- to V+. What I actually showed in the video was the current path. 4. So, as I tell in the video, when we heat the metal, the PARTICLES vibrate more and the free electrons will simulate getting more separated on the hot side and more pushed together on the cold side. That creates a small voltage difference. Sorry for any other errors if there are. I'll try to update my errors the best I can. Have a nice day ☺️
You are a true scientist because you admit & correct the mistake you made. Mistakes are no problem (I do it all the time - oh, my..) as long as you correct them ASAP - preferably before "magic smoke" starts to ooze outta your (expensive) electronic equipment.. Aww - bad..! And yep, I have a very nice day - because of your wonderful explanation and very nice video. Hope you have a nice time too and thank you ! ❤😊😊❤
I have a question. If you have a circuit running using the seeback effect, you are pushing electrons from one metal to the other. It sounds like you will eventually end up with a low concentration of electrons in one metal, and a high concentration of electrons in the other - sort of like how a battery discharges. Is this true? If not, how? And if it is, does that mean that thermoelectric generators using the seeback effect can only go for so long, or can the electrons flow back from high concentration to low like a rechargeable battery?
You're a great teacher. Thank you. I'm building a passive solar walipini and I was wondering how I turn heat from a wood stove into electricity. This was my first step in that journey.
Just for other viewer's sake, for his self-disabuse point 3, what he showed in the animation is NOT the current path, but electron path. Electrons flowing from V- to V+ is correct only at the outside part of the battery/voltage source, but within the battery, electrons flow from V+ to V-, and the seebeck wires as he showed is the battery itself, which uses thermal energy to drive the electrons to OVERCOME the electrical field internally and flow, which is why it's called a source. Also for his point 2, I guess it's more correct to use the energy increase and more vibration of Electrons that leads to electron density disparity, other than the Atoms as a whole, to explain the voltage formation, because the atom density difference on two ends won't form a voltage because atom as a whole is neutral, so I think it just is the electron itself that got more energy and drift to the cold end that forms the voltage over the two ends. Having commented this much, I have to say his video is awesome, and I learned the key knowledge from it and highly appreciate it.
Truely satisfying!! I have been looking for the explaination of Peltier effect but nonebfound could provide this satisfaction! Now I got why the two materals are requied for the thermoelectri cooler. Thanks! Keep up with this wonderful works!!
2:42... That is actually a voltage increase. 12:10... Those are not a bunch of different alloy metals. They are "P" and "N" (P/N) type semiconductor junctions in the peltier cell.
Great stuff, better than physics class at a university. i could have watched this for an hour, i'm interested in buying or making a very large one with hot water panels on one side, and well water on the other.
I ordered some Peltier modules a few months ago but haven't done anything with them. I just ordered some "one wire digital thermometers" this morning, and look forward to playing with temperature control. I think that an incubator with temperature and humidity control might be fun, throwing maybe an ultrasonic mister into the mix along with some BME280 sensors.
Great visual presentation. Don't worry if it wasn't perfect scientifically, you grasped the main meaning and the way to make it "visible"---in fact, able to be visualised. Yes, if we enter deep into theory electrons are not even dots but waves etc., the model would fit the theory perfectly in rarefied gases where the electrons would be the atoms--the ions, in fact!, and they won't collide with each other, but this is fine as it is. I did subscribe. Keep up the fine work !
Electrons bouncing around is not temperature, if atoms bound together bounce around slowly/gently something is cold. If atoms bounce around violently something is hot. If the atoms bounce so violently the bonds can’t hold the substance together, it is called vaporization/evaporation. If atoms lose energy and the bonds between atoms is stronger than the energy an individual atoms has the substance solidifies/freezes/condenses. It’s called Kinetic Molecular theory and it’s very important. Bouncing electrons against atoms can cause molecules to also bounce (like bouncing a small rubber ball against a larger one), resulting in the substance getting hot, but they movement of electrons is not actually heat
Here are some thoughts. So the less dense elements and the more dense conductive elements have a stark contrast in electron output. What if we went more extreme? For instance, Aluminum paired with something as simple as lead or bismuth? Even in a liquid state the lead/bismuth would have contact with Aluminum. Aluminum = 13 CU = 29. This grants us a 2.23 electron output before Ohms. Al has 13 electrons while Lead has and Atomic number of 82. A possible 6.31 electron output. Low melting point problem. Tungsten would also work in contact with AL. 74/13. You wouldn't have the melting point. 5.69 output You would likely have a galvanic corrosion problem. :/ The more massive metal steals electrons from the inferior metal and releases hydroxides causing corrosion. OH- Conclusion: The corrosion is likely the reason this power system is limited to small uses like Thermal Couplers. What are your thoughts?
pretty good explanation mate. I have read your mistakes below and current flow still confuses me as I was educated on one standard which changed a couple of years into my trade. As I said, good explanation. Terry from Australia.
A friend of mine has one TEG stove fan, unfortunately it stopped working and my friend is looking for an answer to why it stopped working? Any idea guys? Could it be that the eletrons in the TE materials have run out? Or what else? Thanks.
@6'40" should replace "electrons" word by CHARGE. Current is not due to "electrons" "moving", but charges (quanta of the electric field energy). The electrons are the media the charges "move" through. They're carriers of energy as much as antenas are carriers for radio (electromagnetic) waves (and antennas don't go walking from one city to another to "carry" the electromag energy to there....)
Ive been trying to figure out how to pull electricity from heat for years, so its just a wore around a cooling fin, that also contacts the hot part, which moves electromagnetic particles through the wire. So the negative would be where the cool part comes off, and the positive would be where the hot part comes off. Or opposite. Not sure. Extremely simple wow
I used a aluminum plate to adhere a grid of peltier plates in series... and replaced the side of a beer cooler with the plate. Add ice in the summer or hot water in the winter to the cooler and I get a little power. It was just for fun.
Coolness, this'll be used to augment solar, tidal, geothermal, fusion, hydro & wind. So the Seeback & Peltier Effect are one and the same?. Will the thermocouple be reversed, will it's welded tip produce cold or heat like Peltier if you put a different or the same voltage on each wire, say put one live wire into alloy 1 and one live wire into alloy 2 wire? God bless.
Wich alloy will bear the most cold temperature bro ? The one made by high mass element or the light one ? For ex. Copper and iron where copper is the high one and and iron is the light one.. who will be the most cold ?
Question: I had to do a lab assignment a while back that used these items and I didn’t understand a part of it related to the thermocouple. Once you get the relation graph showing the curve between the temperature change and voltage drop on the amplifier, how do we use that to be able to read temp with a microcontroller? I had the plot showing the curve and used excel to find the slope equation y = mx + b and then my professor provided MATLAB code for the thermocouple but my group partner was the one that put the specific slope equation for the thermocouple we were using into the code so I didn’t really get to see or understand how these relate. Can you explain please? Once I have the slope equation from the relation graph how do I use that for a thermocouple? Like what is the slope equation telling me? I hope this gets to you cause the semesters over so I’m SOL for answers. It was a K-type thermocouple if that’s helps.
It's been a while but I think the slope gives you the negative Seebeck coefficient. If I remember correctly dV = -S dT, therefore if you plot dV against dT, your slope is -S.
This was amazing and very clear explanation thanks 😊 I have a question, I have once heard that peltiers are the least efficient way to make difference in temperature could you explain why ?
Is it possible to create a type of circuit where the thermocouple generates a potential that drives a Peltier, and then the thermic differential of the Peltier provides the heat difference required by the thermocouple? I'd imagine that the size of the thermocouple would have to be very large in proportion to the Peltier, but what use could such a circuit have? I know perpetual motion is considered impossible, but could you have a closed loop that would only require a small external heat source to drive the internal loop? I wish I knew more about the physics of such things, but that's why I'm grateful to Electronoobs for creating such videos as this! I'd love to hear what potential uses and practicalities such a device might have!
Okay, if you get the induced heat to the hot side from an external source, it converts that into electricity... What would happen if you cooled the cold side with an external source? 🤔
Second alloy becomes cool because, thermally oscillating election from first alloy has quantised oscillations, because of quantized energy levels.In case of alloy 2 there are also quantized energy levels,which need not be be of same energy as that of first alloy. As we know , electron can occupy an orbit in second alloy only if orbit is corresponding to same energy of electron or of less energy.The probability of getting same energy orbital is very low.And thus electon has to loose its energy in order to fit in lower orbit.This loss is energy can be in form of radiations.so alloy 2 itsel will become cool by radiating
I think your website need some changes, because yesterday I wanted to upload my project on it but every time when I went to library for selecting thumbnail photo then entire explaination of project gets discarded.. hence I totally irritated with this problem....
Hi. What do you mean by "went to library"? This has never happened before and there are a lot of others who posted the project with no problems. Thank you for all the feedback that you can give me :)))
![BLACK BAG - Official Trailer [HD] - Only in Theaters March 14](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Du0Xp8WX_7I/mqdefault.jpg)
Important: I've made some serious mistakes and badly expressed myself in some cases. 1. When we heat materials, metal is a good conduction of heat as I tell in the video. 2. Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. Particles, NOT electrons as I show in the heated glass pots example. Molecules and atoms vibrate faster. As atoms vibrate faster, the space between atoms increases, that's what I meant on the "voltage difference" creation animation. 3. In the potential animation, electrons should flow from V- to V+. What I actually showed in the video was the current path. 4. So, as I tell in the video, when we heat the metal, the PARTICLES vibrate more and the free electrons will simulate getting more separated on the hot side and more pushed together on the cold side. That creates a small voltage difference. Sorry for any other errors if there are. I'll try to update my errors the best I can. Have a nice day ☺️
No dude everything was perfect nice video
# well done #keep going
Also, the statement that in absolute zero particles are not moving is wrong. At absolute zero, particles have the *lowest* energy possible.
You are a true scientist because you admit & correct the mistake you made. Mistakes are no problem (I do it all the time - oh, my..) as long as you correct them ASAP - preferably before "magic smoke" starts to ooze outta your (expensive) electronic equipment.. Aww - bad..!
And yep, I have a very nice day - because of your wonderful explanation and very nice video.
Hope you have a nice time too and thank you !
❤😊😊❤
I have a question. If you have a circuit running using the seeback effect, you are pushing electrons from one metal to the other. It sounds like you will eventually end up with a low concentration of electrons in one metal, and a high concentration of electrons in the other - sort of like how a battery discharges. Is this true? If not, how? And if it is, does that mean that thermoelectric generators using the seeback effect can only go for so long, or can the electrons flow back from high concentration to low like a rechargeable battery?
Thankyou 💙
Literally the best explenation of seeback effect! Thx
Thank you :)
Electronoobs is a very underrated channel. He definitely deserves more views
this is a carbon copy of an explanation video steve mould uploaded a month prior
Hope to get the same teachers all around the globe to make physics as interesting as it always was.
Thanks a lot.
One of the most understandable way of explaining.
The jumping part is clear now
Excellently structured explanation of the seebeck and Peltier effect, best I've seen.
You're a great teacher. Thank you. I'm building a passive solar walipini and I was wondering how I turn heat from a wood stove into electricity. This was my first step in that journey.
Bro your visuals are so incredibly helpful. Thanks for the explanation!
Just for other viewer's sake, for his self-disabuse point 3, what he showed in the animation is NOT the current path, but electron path. Electrons flowing from V- to V+ is correct only at the outside part of the battery/voltage source, but within the battery, electrons flow from V+ to V-, and the seebeck wires as he showed is the battery itself, which uses thermal energy to drive the electrons to OVERCOME the electrical field internally and flow, which is why it's called a source.
Also for his point 2, I guess it's more correct to use the energy increase and more vibration of Electrons that leads to electron density disparity, other than the Atoms as a whole, to explain the voltage formation, because the atom density difference on two ends won't form a voltage because atom as a whole is neutral, so I think it just is the electron itself that got more energy and drift to the cold end that forms the voltage over the two ends.
Having commented this much, I have to say his video is awesome, and I learned the key knowledge from it and highly appreciate it.
Much waited video from you,
Big fan of you
You made a informative video mate. I enjoyed watching you demonstrate these devices. Thanks for the upload.
Really thank you :=)
Hi, I come from Indonesia, thank you for making videos like this, I got new knowledge, and the animation is fun, not boring
So happy to watch this video. This is the best explanation one can ever give.
I had no idea these were related, or how either of them worked. Now I do and you've made it entertaining to understand. Thank you!
Truely satisfying!! I have been looking for the explaination of Peltier effect but nonebfound could provide this satisfaction! Now I got why the two materals are requied for the thermoelectri cooler. Thanks! Keep up with this wonderful works!!
PLUTO introduced me to this concept
I have my final exam of air conditioning and refrigeration tomorrow and this video helped me alot, thank u man❤️
Informative. Useful. Calming. Inspiring. Life-changing. Enjoyable. Heart-warming. Other.
2:42... That is actually a voltage increase.
12:10... Those are not a bunch of different alloy metals. They are "P" and "N" (P/N) type semiconductor junctions in the peltier cell.
voltage drop doesn't especially mean that it really is getting lower it just describes the voltage across an impedance of any kind
Finally, a proper explanation for thermoelectric effects!! Great video. Thank you for the information.
Bro your channel is recommended by RUclips I have seen on various devices congratulations 👍👍👍👍👍#fan from india
Nice. Thanks for the info :)))
🤯 Ordered a Coolify neck air conditioner and came here to see how the peltier module works. Good video!
Great stuff, better than physics class at a university. i could have watched this for an hour, i'm interested in buying or making a very large one with hot water panels on one side, and well water on the other.
I ordered some Peltier modules a few months ago but haven't done anything with them. I just ordered some "one wire digital thermometers" this morning, and look forward to playing with temperature control.
I think that an incubator with temperature and humidity control might be fun, throwing maybe an ultrasonic mister into the mix along with some BME280 sensors.
That sounds interesting. Maybe you share with us your project :) keep up
Why didn't you provide more info about the wires used at 3:40? I really want to know what material is used in those. "Como" and "Alumo" is not enough.
i love how you say "so called peltier module" every time :)
This was awesome. Thank you so much for the amazing explination and visual aids showing how these fundamentally work.
video beings at 2:20
really nice visual explanation of the electron energy difference and the thermoelectric effect connected to it
noice.... cool info.. i am currently learning on transducers like thermocouples and lvdt.. this video was helpful
I understood about this seeback affect and peltier effect 👍👍👍👍
Thank you for such a wonderful explanation
Love from India 🙏
Congratulations Bro your video has been recommended for MSIN classes in FEUP portugal
Great visual presentation. Don't worry if it wasn't perfect scientifically, you grasped the main meaning and the way to make it "visible"---in fact, able to be visualised. Yes, if we enter deep into theory electrons are not even dots but waves etc., the model would fit the theory perfectly in rarefied gases where the electrons would be the atoms--the ions, in fact!, and they won't collide with each other, but this is fine as it is. I did subscribe. Keep up the fine work !
I come from the Seebeck family on my dads side, pretty cool to see the Seebeck effect explained even though it kinda went over my head 😅
Very well explained, and good animation as well
The best explanation I ever saw for these effects!! Thanks
I am grateful to have found this gonna share with my friends
THANK YOU for this! I am always looking for science projects to work with to teach my Grandson. Now I can explain this better.
Super Information
Keep Good Work. Thanks Brother 👌👌
Electrons bouncing around is not temperature, if atoms bound together bounce around slowly/gently something is cold. If atoms bounce around violently something is hot. If the atoms bounce so violently the bonds can’t hold the substance together, it is called vaporization/evaporation. If atoms lose energy and the bonds between atoms is stronger than the energy an individual atoms has the substance solidifies/freezes/condenses.
It’s called Kinetic Molecular theory and it’s very important. Bouncing electrons against atoms can cause molecules to also bounce (like bouncing a small rubber ball against a larger one), resulting in the substance getting hot, but they movement of electrons is not actually heat
Thanks!
Amazing explanation and a very didactic one! Thank you very much!!!
this was a beautiful explanations, thankyou sir!
is there a ratio for how many watts we can produce per degree?
What a brilliant explanation. I'm your fan. Thank you so much.
Please provide the specifications for two different alloys wire
Nice explanation.. Great work
Thank you for answering my question! Thank you for sharing.
Why did I just find you? Instant sub.
Here are some thoughts.
So the less dense elements and the more dense conductive elements have a stark contrast in electron output. What if we went more extreme? For instance, Aluminum paired with something as simple as lead or bismuth? Even in a liquid state the lead/bismuth would have contact with Aluminum.
Aluminum = 13 CU = 29. This grants us a 2.23 electron output before Ohms.
Al has 13 electrons while Lead has and Atomic number of 82. A possible 6.31 electron output. Low melting point problem.
Tungsten would also work in contact with AL. 74/13. You wouldn't have the melting point. 5.69 output
You would likely have a galvanic corrosion problem. :/ The more massive metal steals electrons from the inferior metal and releases hydroxides causing corrosion. OH-
Conclusion: The corrosion is likely the reason this power system is limited to small uses like Thermal Couplers.
What are your thoughts?
very beautiful explanation
Insane videos which help us understand how stuff works
This is the best explanation. 😍
Very nice explanation
Why peltier can be broken if we don't put fan on the hot side?
Overheating!!!
Very good explaination👍
But can this also be done with liquid to alloy? Like the electric heaters?
3:30 Whose temperature is being measured????????
That flame temperature???
Nice piece of work.
Really help me doing my mechanic works 🥺
could someone please write the minute where the procedure of the work starts(i need it specifically to write a laboratory work project)
pretty good explanation mate. I have read your mistakes below and current flow still confuses me as I was educated on one standard which changed a couple of years into my trade.
As I said, good explanation. Terry from Australia.
Also used with temp to hold open power valves as to measuring , like air brakes ?
A friend of mine has one TEG stove fan, unfortunately it stopped working and my friend is looking for an answer to why it stopped working? Any idea guys? Could it be that the eletrons in the TE materials have run out? Or what else? Thanks.
@6'40" should replace "electrons" word by CHARGE. Current is not due to "electrons" "moving", but charges (quanta of the electric field energy). The electrons are the media the charges "move" through. They're carriers of energy as much as antenas are carriers for radio (electromagnetic) waves (and antennas don't go walking from one city to another to "carry" the electromag energy to there....)
amazing explanation sir
thank you so much for cutting open the peltier cell. the video was amazing
Really cool explanation and animations !!
Please what is the name of the software(logiciel) you used for simulation
thankyou so much! for the very first time knowing about peltier my mind has blown. You explained it so clearly. 👏👍
Amazing animation for given a knowledge...
Very nice keeping up...
Clearly understood!!
Best explanation
There are many interesting projects to do with these cells :D
And theory as always well explained!
Ive been trying to figure out how to pull electricity from heat for years, so its just a wore around a cooling fin, that also contacts the hot part, which moves electromagnetic particles through the wire. So the negative would be where the cool part comes off, and the positive would be where the hot part comes off. Or opposite. Not sure. Extremely simple wow
Great video sir. It would be interesting if you make a similar video on piezoelectric disc
Best explanation yet
I used a aluminum plate to adhere a grid of peltier plates in series... and replaced the side of a beer cooler with the plate. Add ice in the summer or hot water in the winter to the cooler and I get a little power. It was just for fun.
Coolness, this'll be used to augment solar, tidal, geothermal, fusion, hydro & wind.
So the Seeback & Peltier Effect are one and the same?. Will the thermocouple be reversed, will it's welded tip produce cold or heat like Peltier if you put a different or the same voltage on each wire, say put one live wire into alloy 1 and one live wire into alloy 2 wire?
God bless.
Your didatic is amazing!
So first current flow from hot to cold ,then positive to negative?
Wich alloy will bear the most cold temperature bro ? The one made by high mass element or the light one ? For ex. Copper and iron where copper is the high one and and iron is the light one.. who will be the most cold ?
Question: I had to do a lab assignment a while back that used these items and I didn’t understand a part of it related to the thermocouple. Once you get the relation graph showing the curve between the temperature change and voltage drop on the amplifier, how do we use that to be able to read temp with a microcontroller? I had the plot showing the curve and used excel to find the slope equation y = mx + b and then my professor provided MATLAB code for the thermocouple but my group partner was the one that put the specific slope equation for the thermocouple we were using into the code so I didn’t really get to see or understand how these relate. Can you explain please? Once I have the slope equation from the relation graph how do I use that for a thermocouple? Like what is the slope equation telling me? I hope this gets to you cause the semesters over so I’m SOL for answers. It was a K-type thermocouple if that’s helps.
It's been a while but I think the slope gives you the negative Seebeck coefficient. If I remember correctly dV = -S dT, therefore if you plot dV against dT, your slope is -S.
Thank YOU Brooooooooooo , Best explanation ever
Great tutorial and explanation
Running current through wires causing one end to get very hot and the other to get very cold is something that if proved might impress me!!!
What is the Output of Peltier Module?
Wow best explanation ever thank you
:))) Thanks!
Thanks for sharing you explained it very well
Thanks you very nice video I learnt so much from you.
for thermocouple why can't we use the same metal instead of diiferent metals, what effect will it make on the reading if i use the same metal?
Damn! Your illustration are easy to get! Even for a noob like me
This was amazing and very clear explanation thanks 😊
I have a question, I have once heard that peltiers are the least efficient way to make difference in temperature could you explain why ?
Very well demonstrated.
Amazing explanation 👍
Is it possible to create a type of circuit where the thermocouple generates a potential that drives a Peltier, and then the thermic differential of the Peltier provides the heat difference required by the thermocouple?
I'd imagine that the size of the thermocouple would have to be very large in proportion to the Peltier, but what use could such a circuit have? I know perpetual motion is considered impossible, but could you have a closed loop that would only require a small external heat source to drive the internal loop?
I wish I knew more about the physics of such things, but that's why I'm grateful to Electronoobs for creating such videos as this!
I'd love to hear what potential uses and practicalities such a device might have!
Brilliant video, thank you!
Okay, if you get the induced heat to the hot side from an external source, it converts that into electricity... What would happen if you cooled the cold side with an external source? 🤔
Where I can find this "como" and "alumo" wire?
I would like to know more about those wires too
Second alloy becomes cool because, thermally oscillating election from first alloy has quantised oscillations, because of quantized energy levels.In case of alloy 2 there are also quantized energy levels,which need not be be of same energy as that of first alloy.
As we know , electron can occupy an orbit in second alloy only if orbit is corresponding to same energy of electron or of less energy.The probability of getting same energy orbital is very low.And thus electon has to loose its energy in order to fit in lower orbit.This loss is energy can be in form of radiations.so alloy 2 itsel will become cool by radiating
Nice Animation
I think your website need some changes, because yesterday I wanted to upload my project on it but every time when I went to library for selecting thumbnail photo then entire explaination of project gets discarded.. hence I totally irritated with this problem....
Hi. What do you mean by "went to library"? This has never happened before and there are a lot of others who posted the project with no problems. Thank you for all the feedback that you can give me :)))
Good presentation